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| | Prkdc | DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit; Serine/threonine-protein kinase that acts as a molecular sensor for DNA damage (By similarity). Involved in DNA non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) required for double-strand break (DSB) repair and V(D)J recombination (By similarity). Must be bound to DNA to express its catalytic properties (By similarity). Promotes processing of hairpin DNA structures in V(D)J recombination by activation of the hairpin endonuclease artemis (DCLRE1C) (By similarity). The assembly of the DNA-PK complex at DNA ends is also required for the NHEJ ligation step [...] (4128 aa) |
| | Crebbp | Histone lysine acetyltransferase CREBBP; Acetylates histones, giving a specific tag for transcriptional activation (By similarity). Also acetylates non-histone proteins, like DDX21, FBL, IRF2, MAFG, NCOA3, POLR1E/PAF53 and FOXO1. Binds specifically to phosphorylated CREB and enhances its transcriptional activity toward cAMP-responsive genes (By similarity). Acts as a coactivator of ALX1 (By similarity). Acts as a circadian transcriptional coactivator which enhances the activity of the circadian transcriptional activators: NPAS2-ARNTL/BMAL1 and CLOCK- ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimers (By simila [...] (2441 aa) |
| | Myc | Myc proto-oncogene protein; Transcription factor that binds DNA in a non-specific manner, yet also specifically recognizes the core sequence 5'-CAC[GA]TG-3'. Activates the transcription of growth-related genes. Binds to the VEGFA promoter, promoting VEGFA production and subsequent sprouting angiogenesis. Regulator of somatic reprogramming, controls self-renewal of embryonic stem cells. Functions with TAF6L to activate target gene expression through RNA polymerase II pause release. (454 aa) |
| | Eif3e | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit E; Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is required for several steps in the initiation of protein synthesis. The eIF-3 complex associates with the 40S ribosome and facilitates the recruitment of eIF-1, eIF-1A, eIF- 2:GTP:methionyl-tRNAi and eIF-5 to form the 43S pre-initiation complex (43S PIC). The eIF-3 complex stimulates mRNA recruitment to the 43S PIC and scanning of the mRNA for AUG recognition. The eIF-3 complex is also required for disassembly and recycling of post-termination ribos [...] (445 aa) |
| | Hif1a | Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha; Functions as a master transcriptional regulator of the adaptive response to hypoxia. Under hypoxic conditions, activates the transcription of over 40 genes, including erythropoietin, glucose transporters, glycolytic enzymes, vascular endothelial growth factor, HILPDA, and other genes whose protein products increase oxygen delivery or facilitate metabolic adaptation to hypoxia. Plays an essential role in embryonic vascularization, tumor angiogenesis and pathophysiology of ischemic disease. Heterodimerizes with ARNT; heterodimer binds to core DNA sequenc [...] (836 aa) |
| | Rack1 | Receptor of activated protein C kinase 1, N-terminally processed; Scaffolding protein involved in the recruitment, assembly and/or regulation of a variety of signaling molecules. Interacts with a wide variety of proteins and plays a role in many cellular processes. Component of the 40S ribosomal subunit involved in translational repression. Involved in the initiation of the ribosome quality control (RQC), a pathway that takes place when a ribosome has stalled during translation, by promoting ubiquitination of a subset of 40S ribosomal subunits (By similarity). Binds to and stabilizes a [...] (317 aa) |
| | Cpeb4 | Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein 4; Sequence-specific RNA-binding protein that binds to the cytoplasmic polyadenylation element (CPE), an uridine-rich sequence element (consensus sequence 5'-UUUUUAU-3') within the mRNA 3'-UTR. RNA binding results in a clear conformational change analogous to the Venus fly trap mechanism (By similarity). Regulates activation of unfolded protein response (UPR) in the process of adaptation to ER stress in liver, by maintaining translation of CPE- regulated mRNAs in conditions in which global protein synthesis is inhibited. Required for [...] (729 aa) |
| | Mdm2 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates ubiquitination of p53/TP53, leading to its degradation by the proteasome. Inhibits p53/TP53- and p73/TP73- mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by binding its transcriptional activation domain (By similarity). Also acts as a ubiquitin ligase E3 toward itself, ARRB1 and ARBB2. Permits the nuclear export of p53/TP53 (By similarity). Promotes proteasome-dependent ubiquitin-independent degradation of retinoblastoma RB1 protein (By similarity). Inhibits DAXX-mediated apoptosis by inducing its ubiquitination and [...] (489 aa) |
| | Egfr | Epidermal growth factor receptor; Receptor tyrosine kinase binding ligands of the EGF family and activating several signaling cascades to convert extracellular cues into appropriate cellular responses. Known ligands include EGF, TGFA/TGF-alpha, AREG, epigen/EPGN, BTC/betacellulin, epiregulin/EREG and HBEGF/heparin-binding EGF. Ligand binding triggers receptor homo- and/or heterodimerization and autophosphorylation on key cytoplasmic residues. The phosphorylated receptor recruits adapter proteins like GRB2 which in turn activates complex downstream signaling cascades. Activates at least [...] (1210 aa) |
| | Hdac2 | Histone deacetylase 2; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes (By similarity). Forms transcriptional repressor complexes by associating with MAD, SIN3, YY1 and N-COR. Interacts in the late S-phase of DNA-replication with DNMT1 in the other transcriptional repressor co [...] (488 aa) |
| | Gle1 | Nucleoporin GLE1; Required for the export of mRNAs containing poly(A) tails from the nucleus into the cytoplasm. May be involved in the terminal step of the mRNA transport through the nuclear pore complex (NPC) (By similarity). (699 aa) |
| | Aatf | Protein AATF; May function as a general inhibitor of the histone deacetylase HDAC1. Binding to the pocket region of RB1 may displace HDAC1 from RB1/E2F complexes, leading to activation of E2F target genes and cell cycle progression. Conversely, displacement of HDAC1 from SP1 bound to the CDKN1A promoter leads to increased expression of this CDK inhibitor and blocks cell cycle progression (By similarity). Belongs to the AATF family. (526 aa) |
| | Rpl19 | 60S ribosomal protein L19. (196 aa) |
| | Brca1 | Breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein homolog; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that specifically mediates the formation of 'Lys-6'-linked polyubiquitin chains and plays a central role in DNA repair by facilitating cellular responses to DNA damage. It is unclear whether it also mediates the formation of other types of polyubiquitin chains. The E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity is required for its tumor suppressor function. The BRCA1-BARD1 heterodimer coordinates a diverse range of cellular pathways such as DNA damage repair, ubiquitination and transcriptional regulation to maintain [...] (1812 aa) |
| | Cd83 | CD83 antigen; May play a significant role in antigen presentation or the cellular interactions that follow lymphocyte activation. (196 aa) |
| | Nxf1 | Nuclear RNA export factor 1; Involved in the nuclear export of mRNA species bearing retroviral constitutive transport elements (CTE) and in the export of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm (TAP/NFX1 pathway). The NXF1- NXT1 heterodimer is involved in the export of HSP70 mRNA in conjunction with ALYREF/THOC4 and THOC5 components of the TREX complex. ALYREF/THOC4-bound mRNA is thought to be transferred to the NXF1-NXT1 heterodimer for export. Also involved in nuclear export of m6A- containing mRNAs: interaction between SRSF3 and YTHDC1 facilitates m6A- containing mRNA-binding to both [...] (618 aa) |
| | Rps18 | 40S ribosomal protein S18; Located at the top of the head of the 40S subunit, it contacts several helices of the 18S rRNA. (152 aa) |
| | Rplp1 | 60S acidic ribosomal protein P1; Plays an important role in the elongation step of protein synthesis; Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein P1/P2 family. (114 aa) |
| | Trim28 | Transcription intermediary factor 1-beta; Nuclear corepressor for KRAB domain-containing zinc finger proteins (KRAB-ZFPs). Mediates gene silencing by recruiting CHD3, a subunit of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylation (NuRD) complex, and SETDB1 (which specifically methylates histone H3 at 'Lys-9' (H3K9me)) to the promoter regions of KRAB target genes. Enhances transcriptional repression by coordinating the increase in H3K9me, the decrease in histone H3 'Lys-9 and 'Lys-14' acetylation (H3K9ac and H3K14ac, respectively) and the disposition of HP1 proteins to silence gene expression [...] (834 aa) |
| | Eif3g | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit G; RNA-binding component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is required for several steps in the initiation of protein synthesis. The eIF-3 complex associates with the 40S ribosome and facilitates the recruitment of eIF-1, eIF-1A, eIF-2:GTP:methionyl-tRNAi and eIF-5 to form the 43S pre- initiation complex (43S PIC). The eIF-3 complex stimulates mRNA recruitment to the 43S PIC and scanning of the mRNA for AUG recognition. The eIF-3 complex is also required for disassembly and recycling of post-termi [...] (320 aa) |
| | Ess2 | Splicing factor ESS-2 homolog; May be involved in pre-mRNA splicing. (480 aa) |
| | Rps11 | 40S ribosomal protein S11. (158 aa) |
| | Eif2b5 | Translation initiation factor eIF-2B subunit epsilon; Catalyzes the exchange of eukaryotic initiation factor 2- bound GDP for GTP; Belongs to the eIF-2B gamma/epsilon subunits family. (717 aa) |
| | Ranbp2 | E3 SUMO-protein ligase RanBP2; E3 SUMO-protein ligase which facilitates SUMO1 and SUMO2 conjugation by UBE2I. Involved in transport factor (Ran-GTP, karyopherin)-mediated protein import via the F-G repeat-containing domain which acts as a docking site for substrates. Binds single- stranded RNA (in vitro). May bind DNA. Component of the nuclear export pathway. Specific docking site for the nuclear export factor exportin-1 (By similarity). Sumoylates PML at 'Lys-490' which is essential for the proper assembly of PML-NB. Recruits BICD2 to the nuclear envelope and cytoplasmic stacks of nuc [...] (3053 aa) |
| | Pabpc1 | Polyadenylate-binding protein 1; Binds the poly(A) tail of mRNA, including that of its own transcript, and regulates processes of mRNA metabolism such as pre-mRNA splicing and mRNA stability. Its function in translational initiation regulation can either be enhanced by PAIP1 or repressed by PAIP2. Can probably bind to cytoplasmic RNA sequences other than poly(A) in vivo. Involved in translationally coupled mRNA turnover. Implicated with other RNA-binding proteins in the cytoplasmic deadenylation/translational and decay interplay of the FOS mRNA mediated by the major coding-region deter [...] (636 aa) |
| | Akt1 | RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase; AKT1 is one of 3 closely related serine/threonine-protein kinases (AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3) called the AKT kinase, and which regulate many processes including metabolism, proliferation, cell survival, growth and angiogenesis. This is mediated through serine and/or threonine phosphorylation of a range of downstream substrates. Over 100 substrate candidates have been reported so far, but for most of them, no isoform specificity has been reported. AKT is responsible of the regulation of glucose uptake by mediating insulin-induced translocation of the [...] (480 aa) |
| | Ddx3x | ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX3X; Multifunctional ATP-dependent RNA helicase. The ATPase activity can be stimulated by various ribo-and deoxynucleic acids indicative for a relaxed substrate specificity. In vitro can unwind partially double-stranded DNA with a preference for 5'-single-stranded DNA overhangs. Binds RNA G-quadruplex (rG4s) structures, including those located in the 5'-UTR of NRAS mRNA. Involved in many cellular processes, which do not necessarily require its ATPase/helicase catalytic activities. Involved in transcription regulation. Positively regulates CDKN1A/WAF1/CIP1 t [...] (662 aa) |
| | Kat2b | Histone acetyltransferase KAT2B; Functions as a histone acetyltransferase (HAT) to promote transcriptional activation. Has significant histone acetyltransferase activity with core histones (H3 and H4), and also with nucleosome core particles. Also acetylates non-histone proteins, such as ACLY, PLK4, RRP9/U3-55K and TBX5. Acts as a circadian transcriptional coactivator which enhances the activity of the circadian transcriptional activators: NPAS2-ARNTL/BMAL1 and CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimers. Involved in heart and limb development by mediating acetylation of TBX5, acetylation regulatin [...] (813 aa) |
| | Paip2 | Polyadenylate-binding protein-interacting protein 2; Acts as a repressor in the regulation of translation initiation of poly(A)-containing mRNAs. Its inhibitory activity on translation is mediated via its action on PABPC1. Displaces the interaction of PABPC1 with poly(A) RNA and competes with PAIP1 for binding to PABPC1. Its association with PABPC1 results in disruption of the cytoplasmic poly(A) RNP structure organization (By similarity). Belongs to the PAIP2 family. (124 aa) |
| | Rps14 | 40S ribosomal protein S14; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS11 family. (151 aa) |
| | Dnah8 | Dynein heavy chain 8, axonemal; Force generating protein of respiratory cilia. Produces force towards the minus ends of microtubules. Dynein has ATPase activity; the force-producing power stroke is thought to occur on release of ADP. Involved in sperm motility; implicated in sperm flagellar assembly. (4731 aa) |
| | Atm | Serine-protein kinase ATM; Serine/threonine protein kinase which activates checkpoint signaling upon double strand breaks (DSBs), apoptosis and genotoxic stresses such as ionizing ultraviolet A light (UVA), thereby acting as a DNA damage sensor. Recognizes the substrate consensus sequence [ST]- Q. Phosphorylates 'Ser-139' of histone variant H2AX at double strand breaks (DSBs), thereby regulating DNA damage response mechanism. Also plays a role in pre-B cell allelic exclusion, a process leading to expression of a single immunoglobulin heavy chain allele to enforce clonality and monospec [...] (3066 aa) |
| | Rpl8 | 60S ribosomal protein L8; Component of the large ribosomal subunit. Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL2 family. (257 aa) |
| | Sox10 | Transcription factor SOX-10; Transcription factor that plays a central role in developing and mature glia. Specifically activates expression of myelin genes, during oligodendrocyte (OL) maturation, such as DUSP15 and MYRF, thereby playing a central role in oligodendrocyte maturation and CNS myelination. Once induced, MYRF cooperates with SOX10 to implement the myelination program. Transcriptional activator of MITF, acting synergistically with PAX3 (By similarity). (466 aa) |
| | Arntl | Aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like protein 1; Transcriptional activator which forms a core component of the circadian clock. The circadian clock, an internal time-keeping system, regulates various physiological processes through the generation of approximately 24 hour circadian rhythms in gene expression, which are translated into rhythms in metabolism and behavior. It is derived from the Latin roots 'circa' (about) and 'diem' (day) and acts as an important regulator of a wide array of physiological functions including metabolism, sleep, body temperature, blood pressur [...] (626 aa) |
| | U2af2 | Splicing factor U2AF 65 kDa subunit; Plays a role in pre-mRNA splicing and 3'-end processing. By recruiting PRPF19 and the PRP19C/Prp19 complex/NTC/Nineteen complex to the RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain (CTD), and thereby pre-mRNA, may couple transcription to splicing. Required for the export of mRNA out of the nucleus, even if the mRNA is encoded by an intron-less gene. Positively regulates pre-mRNA 3'-end processing by recruiting the CFIm complex to cleavage and polyadenylation signals. (475 aa) |
| | Rpl32 | 60S ribosomal protein L32; Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL32 family. (135 aa) |
| | Eif4h | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4H; Stimulates the RNA helicase activity of EIF4A in the translation initiation complex. Binds weakly mRNA (By similarity). (248 aa) |
| | Pol | LINE-1 retrotransposable element ORF2 protein; Has a reverse transcriptase activity required for target- primed reverse transcription of the LINE-1 element mRNA, a crucial step in LINE-1 retrotransposition. Has also an endonuclease activity that allows the introduction of nicks in the chromosomal target DNA. Cleaves DNA in AT-rich regions between a 5' stretch of purines and a 3' stretch of pyrimidines, corresponding to sites of LINE-1 integration in the genome. (500 aa) |
| | H1f0 | Histone H1.0, N-terminally processed; Histones H1 are necessary for the condensation of nucleosome chains into higher-order structures. The histones H1.0 are found in cells that are in terminal stages of differentiation or that have low rates of cell division. (194 aa) |
| | Cpeb1 | Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein 1; Sequence-specific RNA-binding protein that regulates mRNA cytoplasmic polyadenylation and translation initiation during oocyte maturation, early development and at postsynapse sites of neurons. Binds to the cytoplasmic polyadenylation element (CPE), an uridine-rich sequence element (consensus sequence 5'-UUUUUAU-3') within the 3'-UTR of mRNAs. In absence of phosphorylation and in association with TACC3 is also involved as a repressor of translation of CPE-containing mRNA; a repression that is relieved by phosphorylation or degradat [...] (562 aa) |
| | Eif4enif1 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E transporter; Nucleoplasmic shuttling protein, which inhibits translation initiation. Mediates the nuclear import of EIF4E by a piggy-back mechanism. (983 aa) |
| | Hspa1b | Heat shock 70 kDa protein 1B; Molecular chaperone implicated in a wide variety of cellular processes, including protection of the proteome from stress, folding and transport of newly synthesized polypeptides, activation of proteolysis of misfolded proteins and the formation and dissociation of protein complexes. Plays a pivotal role in the protein quality control system, ensuring the correct folding of proteins, the re-folding of misfolded proteins and controlling the targeting of proteins for subsequent degradation. This is achieved through cycles of ATP binding, ATP hydrolysis and AD [...] (642 aa) |
| | Xpo4 | Exportin-4; Mediates the nuclear export of proteins (cargos) with broad substrate specificity. In the nucleus binds cooperatively to its cargo and to the GTPase Ran in its active GTP-bound form. Docking of this trimeric complex to the nuclear pore complex (NPC) is mediated through binding to nucleoporins. Upon transit of a nuclear export complex into the cytoplasm, disassembling of the complex and hydrolysis of Ran-GTP to Ran-GDP (induced by RANBP1 and RANGAP1, respectively) cause release of the cargo from the export receptor. XPO4 then return to the nuclear compartment and mediate ano [...] (1151 aa) |
| | Rps27 | Ribosomal protein S27. (84 aa) |
| | Eefsec | Selenocysteine-specific elongation factor; Translation factor necessary for the incorporation of selenocysteine into proteins. It probably replaces EF-Tu for the insertion of selenocysteine directed by the UGA codon. SelB binds GTP and GDP; Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. SelB subfamily. (583 aa) |
| | Smad2 | Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2; Receptor-regulated SMAD (R-SMAD) that is an intracellular signal transducer and transcriptional modulator activated by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor) and activin type 1 receptor kinases. Binds the TRE element in the promoter region of many genes that are regulated by TGF-beta and, on formation of the SMAD2/SMAD4 complex, activates transcription. May act as a tumor suppressor in colorectal carcinoma. Positively regulates PDPK1 kinase activity by stimulating its dissociation from the 14-3-3 protein YWHAQ which acts as a negative regulator [...] (467 aa) |
| | Txk | Tyrosine-protein kinase TXK; Non-receptor tyrosine kinase that plays a redundant role with ITK in regulation of the adaptive immune response. Regulates the development, function and differentiation of conventional T-cells and nonconventional NKT-cells. When antigen presenting cells (APC) activate T-cell receptor (TCR), a series of phosphorylation lead to the recruitment of TXK to the cell membrane, where it is phosphorylated at Tyr-420. Phosphorylation leads to TXK full activation. Contributes also to signaling from many receptors and participates in multiple downstream pathways, inclu [...] (527 aa) |
| | Rpl26 | 60S ribosomal protein L26; Component of the large ribosomal subunit. (145 aa) |
| | Odc1 | Ornithine decarboxylase; Catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step of polyamine biosynthesis that converts ornithine into putrescine, which is the precursor for the polyamines, spermidine and spermine. Polyamines are essential for cell proliferation and are implicated in cellular processes, ranging from DNA replication to apoptosis. (461 aa) |
| | Ddx6 | Probable ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX6; In the process of mRNA degradation, plays a role in mRNA decapping (By similarity). Blocks autophagy in nutrient-rich conditions by repressing the expression of ATG-related genes through degradation of their transcripts ; Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX6/DHH1 subfamily. (483 aa) |
| | Eif4b | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4B; Required for the binding of mRNA to ribosomes. Functions in close association with EIF4-F and EIF4-A. Binds near the 5'-terminal cap of mRNA in presence of EIF-4F and ATP. Promotes the ATPase activity and the ATP-dependent RNA unwinding activity of both EIF4-A and EIF4-F (By similarity). (611 aa) |
| | Eif4a1 | Eukaryotic initiation factor 4A-I; ATP-dependent RNA helicase which is a subunit of the eIF4F complex involved in cap recognition and is required for mRNA binding to ribosome. In the current model of translation initiation, eIF4A unwinds RNA secondary structures in the 5'-UTR of mRNAs which is necessary to allow efficient binding of the small ribosomal subunit, and subsequent scanning for the initiator codon; Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. eIF4A subfamily. (406 aa) |
| | Eif5 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5; Catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP bound to the 40S ribosomal initiation complex (40S.mRNA.Met-tRNA[F].eIF-2.GTP) with the subsequent joining of a 60S ribosomal subunit resulting in the release of eIF-2 and the guanine nucleotide. The subsequent joining of a 60S ribosomal subunit results in the formation of a functional 80S initiation complex (80S.mRNA.Met-tRNA[F]); Belongs to the eIF-2-beta/eIF-5 family. (429 aa) |
| | Rps13 | 40S ribosomal protein S13; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS15 family. (151 aa) |
| | Ccnd3 | G1/S-specific cyclin-D3; Regulatory component of the cyclin D3-CDK4 (DC) complex that phosphorylates and inhibits members of the retinoblastoma (RB) protein family including RB1 and regulates the cell-cycle during G(1)/S transition. Phosphorylation of RB1 allows dissociation of the transcription factor E2F from the RB/E2F complex and the subsequent transcription of E2F target genes which are responsible for the progression through the G(1) phase. Hypophosphorylates RB1 in early G(1) phase. Cyclin D-CDK4 complexes are major integrators of various mitogenenic and antimitogenic signals. A [...] (292 aa) |
| | Eif4g2 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma 2; Appears to play a role in the switch from cap-dependent to IRES-mediated translation during mitosis, apoptosis and viral infection. Cleaved by some caspases and viral proteases. (906 aa) |
| | Srsf1 | Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1; Plays a role in preventing exon skipping, ensuring the accuracy of splicing and regulating alternative splicing. Interacts with other spliceosomal components, via the RS domains, to form a bridge between the 5'- and 3'-splice site binding components, U1 snRNP and U2AF. Can stimulate binding of U1 snRNP to a 5'-splice site- containing pre-mRNA. Binds to purine-rich RNA sequences, either the octamer, 5'-RGAAGAAC-3' (r=A or G) or the decamers, AGGACAGAGC/AGGACGAAGC. Binds preferentially to the 5'-CGAGGCG-3' motif in vitro. Three copies of the octame [...] (248 aa) |
| | Rps20 | 40S ribosomal protein S20. (119 aa) |
| | Rps27l | 40S ribosomal protein S27. (105 aa) |
| | Stat3 | Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3; Signal transducer and transcription activator that mediates cellular responses to interleukins, KITLG/SCF, LEP and other growth factors (By similarity). Once activated, recruits coactivators, such as NCOA1 or MED1, to the promoter region of the target gene (By similarity). May mediate cellular responses to activated FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4 (By similarity). Binds to the interleukin-6 (IL-6)- responsive elements identified in the promoters of various acute-phase protein genes (By similarity). Activated by IL31 through IL31RA (By s [...] (770 aa) |
| | Rpl22 | 60S ribosomal protein L22. (128 aa) |
| | Zpr1 | Zinc finger protein ZPR1; Acts as a signaling molecule that communicates proliferative growth signals from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Plays a role for the localization and accumulation of the survival motor neuron protein SMN1 in sub-nuclear bodies, including gems and Cajal bodies. Induces neuron differentiation and stimulates axonal growth and formation of growth cone in spinal cord motor neurons. Plays a role in the splicing of cellular pre-mRNAs. May be involved in H(2)O(2)-induced neuronal cell death; Belongs to the ZPR1 family. (459 aa) |
| | Rpl12 | 60S ribosomal protein L12; Binds directly to 26S ribosomal RNA. (165 aa) |
| | Eef1b2 | Elongation factor 1-beta; EF-1-beta and EF-1-delta stimulate the exchange of GDP bound to EF-1-alpha to GTP. (225 aa) |
| | Grwd1 | Glutamate-rich WD repeat-containing protein 1; Histone binding-protein that regulates chromatin dynamics and minichromosome maintenance (MCM) loading at replication origins, possibly by promoting chromatin openness. (446 aa) |
| | Sirt1 | NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1; NAD-dependent protein deacetylase that links transcriptional regulation directly to intracellular energetics and participates in the coordination of several separated cellular functions such as cell cycle, response to DNA damage, metabolism, apoptosis and autophagy. Can modulate chromatin function through deacetylation of histones and can promote alterations in the methylation of histones and DNA, leading to transcriptional repression (By similarity). Deacetylates a broad range of transcription factors and coregulators, thereby regulating ta [...] (737 aa) |
| | Ranbp1 | Ran-specific GTPase-activating protein; Plays a role in RAN-dependent nucleocytoplasmic transport. Alleviates the TNPO1-dependent inhibition of RAN GTPase activity and mediates the dissociation of RAN from proteins involved in transport into the nucleus. Induces a conformation change in the complex formed by XPO1 and RAN that triggers the release of the nuclear export signal of cargo proteins (By similarity). Promotes the disassembly of the complex formed by RAN and importin beta. Promotes dissociation of RAN from a complex with KPNA2 and CSE1L. Required for normal mitotic spindle asse [...] (203 aa) |
| | Rps10 | 40S ribosomal protein S10; Component of the 40S ribosomal subunit. (165 aa) |
| | Eif2b4 | Translation initiation factor eIF-2B subunit delta; Catalyzes the exchange of eukaryotic initiation factor 2- bound GDP for GTP. (544 aa) |
| | Rpl9 | 60S ribosomal protein L9; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL6 family. (192 aa) |
| | Eif4e2 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E type 2; Recognizes and binds the 7-methylguanosine-containing mRNA cap during an early step in the initiation. Acts as a repressor of translation initiation (By similarity). In contrast to EIF4E, it is unable to bind eIF4G (EIF4G1, EIF4G2 or EIF4G3), suggesting that it acts by competing with EIF4E and block assembly of eIF4F at the cap. (245 aa) |
| | Lrpprc | Leucine-rich PPR motif-containing protein, mitochondrial; May play a role in RNA metabolism in both nuclei and mitochondria. In the nucleus binds to HNRPA1-associated poly(A) mRNAs and is part of nmRNP complexes at late stages of mRNA maturation which are possibly associated with nuclear mRNA export. May bind mature mRNA in the nucleus outer membrane. In mitochondria binds to poly(A) mRNA. Plays a role in translation or stability of mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase (COX) subunits. May be involved in transcription regulation. Cooperates with PPARGC1A to regulate certain mito [...] (1392 aa) |
| | Atf4 | Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4; Transcriptional activator. Binds the cAMP response element (CRE) (consensus: 5'-GTGACGT[AC][AG]-3'), a sequence present in many viral and cellular promoters. Binds to asymmetric CRE's as a heterodimer and to palindromic CRE's as a homodimer. Cooperates with FOXO1 in osteoblasts to regulate glucose homeostasis through suppression of beta-cell production and decrease in insulin production. Regulates the induction of DDIT3/CHOP and asparagine synthetase (ASNS) in response to ER stress. In concert with DDIT3/CHOP, activates the transcription [...] (349 aa) |
| | Mcm7 | DNA replication licensing factor MCM7; Acts as component of the MCM2-7 complex (MCM complex) which is the putative replicative helicase essential for 'once per cell cycle' DNA replication initiation and elongation in eukaryotic cells. The active ATPase sites in the MCM2-7 ring are formed through the interaction surfaces of two neighboring subunits such that a critical structure of a conserved arginine finger motif is provided in trans relative to the ATP-binding site of the Walker A box of the adjacent subunit. The six ATPase active sites, however, are likely to contribute differential [...] (719 aa) |
| | Polr2c | DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB3; DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. RPB3 is part of the core element with the central large cleft and the clamp element that moves to open and close the cleft (By similarity). (275 aa) |
| | Ppara | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha; Ligand-activated transcription factor. Key regulator of lipid metabolism. Activated by the endogenous ligand 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn- glycerol-3-phosphocholine (16:0/18:1-GPC). Activated by oleylethanolamide, a naturally occurring lipid that regulates satiety. Receptor for peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Regulates the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Functions as transcription activator for the ACOX1 and P450 genes. Transactivation activity requires heterodimerization with RXRA and [...] (468 aa) |
| | Trp53 | Cellular tumor antigen p53; Acts as a tumor suppressor in many tumor types; induces growth arrest or apoptosis depending on the physiological circumstances and cell type. Involved in cell cycle regulation as a trans-activator that acts to negatively regulate cell division by controlling a set of genes required for this process. One of the activated genes is an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases. Apoptosis induction seems to be mediated either by stimulation of BAX and FAS antigen expression, or by repression of Bcl-2 expression. Its pro-apoptotic activity is activated via its intera [...] (390 aa) |
| | Rps9 | 40S ribosomal protein S9; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS4 family. (194 aa) |
| | Prmt1 | Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 1; Arginine methyltransferase that methylates (mono and asymmetric dimethylation) the guanidino nitrogens of arginyl residues present in proteins such as ESR1, histone H2, H3 and H4, ILF3, HNRNPA1, HNRNPD, NFATC2IP, SUPT5H, TAF15, EWS, HABP4 and SERBP1. Constitutes the main enzyme that mediates monomethylation and asymmetric dimethylation of histone H4 'Arg-4' (H4R3me1 and H4R3me2a, respectively), a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation (By similarity). Methylates H4R3 in genes involved in glioblastomagenesis in a CHTOP- and/or TET1 [...] (371 aa) |
| | Stat5b | Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5B; Carries out a dual function: signal transduction and activation of transcription. Mediates cellular responses to the cytokine KITLG/SCF and other growth factors. Binds to the GAS element and activates PRL-induced transcription. Positively regulates hematopoietic/erythroid differentiation. (786 aa) |
| | Jun | Transcription factor AP-1; Transcription factor that recognizes and binds to the enhancer heptamer motif 5'-TGA[CG]TCA-3'. Promotes activity of NR5A1 when phosphorylated by HIPK3 leading to increased steroidogenic gene expression upon cAMP signaling pathway stimulation. Involved in activated KRAS-mediated transcriptional activation of USP28 (By similarity). Binds to the USP28 promoter (By similarity). (334 aa) |
| | Mif4gd | MIF4G domain-containing protein; Functions in replication-dependent translation of histone mRNAs which differ from other eukaryotic mRNAs in that they do not end with a poly-A tail but a stem-loop. May participate in circularizing those mRNAs specifically enhancing their translation (By similarity). Belongs to the MIF4GD family. (222 aa) |
| | Yars | Tyrosine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic, N-terminally processed; Catalyzes the attachment of tyrosine to tRNA(Tyr) in a two- step reaction: tyrosine is first activated by ATP to form Tyr-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Tyr); Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. (564 aa) |
| | Trp73 | Tumor protein p73; Participates in the apoptotic response to DNA damage. Isoforms containing the transactivation domain are pro-apoptotic, isoforms lacking the domain are anti-apoptotic and block the function of p53 and transactivating p73 isoforms. May be a tumor suppressor protein. (638 aa) |
| | Rpl10l | 60S ribosomal protein L10-like; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL16 family. (214 aa) |
| | Xpo1 | Exportin-1; Mediates the nuclear export of cellular proteins (cargos) bearing a leucine-rich nuclear export signal (NES) and of RNAs. In the nucleus, in association with RANBP3, binds cooperatively to the NES on its target protein and to the GTPase Ran in its active GTP-bound form. Docking of this complex to the nuclear pore complex (NPC) is mediated through binding to nucleoporins. Upon transit of a nuclear export complex into the cytoplasm, disassembling of the complex and hydrolysis of Ran-GTP to Ran-GDP (induced by RANBP1 and RANGAP1, respectively) cause release of the cargo from t [...] (1071 aa) |
| | Rps6 | 40S ribosomal protein S6; May play an important role in controlling cell growth and proliferation through the selective translation of particular classes of mRNA. (249 aa) |
| | Hdac1 | Histone deacetylase 1; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes. Deacetylates SP proteins, SP1 and SP3, and regulates their function. Component of the BRG1-RB1-HDAC1 complex, which negatively regulates the CREST-mediated transcription in resting neurons. Upon calcium st [...] (482 aa) |
| | Eif3i | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit I; Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is required for several steps in the initiation of protein synthesis. The eIF-3 complex associates with the 40S ribosome and facilitates the recruitment of eIF-1, eIF-1A, eIF- 2:GTP:methionyl-tRNAi and eIF-5 to form the 43S pre-initiation complex (43S PIC). The eIF-3 complex stimulates mRNA recruitment to the 43S PIC and scanning of the mRNA for AUG recognition. The eIF-3 complex is also required for disassembly and recycling of post-termination ribos [...] (325 aa) |
| | Rpl11 | 60S ribosomal protein L11; Component of the ribosome, a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell. The small ribosomal subunit (SSU) binds messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and translates the encoded message by selecting cognate aminoacyl-transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules. The large subunit (LSU) contains the ribosomal catalytic site termed the peptidyl transferase center (PTC), which catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds, thereby polymerizing the amino acids delivered by tRNAs into a polypeptide chain. The nascent polypeptides leave the ribosome through [...] (178 aa) |
| | Mtor | Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR; Serine/threonine protein kinase which is a central regulator of cellular metabolism, growth and survival in response to hormones, growth factors, nutrients, energy and stress signals. MTOR directly or indirectly regulates the phosphorylation of at least 800 proteins. Functions as part of 2 structurally and functionally distinct signaling complexes mTORC1 and mTORC2 (mTOR complex 1 and 2). Activated mTORC1 up-regulates protein synthesis by phosphorylating key regulators of mRNA translation and ribosome synthesis (By similarity). This includes phosph [...] (2549 aa) |
| | E2f1 | Transcription factor E2F1; Transcription activator that binds DNA cooperatively with DP proteins through the E2 recognition site, 5'-TTTC[CG]CGC-3' found in the promoter region of a number of genes whose products are involved in cell cycle regulation or in DNA replication. The DRTF1/E2F complex functions in the control of cell-cycle progression from G1 to S phase. E2F1 binds preferentially RB1 in a cell-cycle dependent manner. It can mediate both cell proliferation and TP53/p53-dependent apoptosis. Blocks adipocyte differentiation by binding to specific promoters repressing CEBPA bindi [...] (430 aa) |
| | Eif3b | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit B; RNA-binding component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is required for several steps in the initiation of protein synthesis. The eIF-3 complex associates with the 40S ribosome and facilitates the recruitment of eIF-1, eIF-1A, eIF-2:GTP:methionyl-tRNAi and eIF-5 to form the 43S pre- initiation complex (43S PIC). The eIF-3 complex stimulates mRNA recruitment to the 43S PIC and scanning of the mRNA for AUG recognition. The eIF-3 complex is also required for disassembly and recycling of post-termi [...] (803 aa) |
| | Eif3d | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit D; mRNA cap-binding component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, a complex required for several steps in the initiation of protein synthesis of a specialized repertoire of mRNAs. The eIF-3 complex associates with the 40S ribosome and facilitates the recruitment of eIF-1, eIF-1A, eIF-2:GTP:methionyl- tRNAi and eIF-5 to form the 43S pre-initiation complex (43S PIC). The eIF-3 complex stimulates mRNA recruitment to the 43S PIC and scanning of the mRNA for AUG recognition. The eIF-3 complex is also required [...] (548 aa) |
| | Trrap | Transformation/transcription domain-associated protein; Adapter protein, which is found in various multiprotein chromatin complexes with histone acetyltransferase activity (HAT), which gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcription activation. Component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex which is responsible for acetylation of nucleosomal histones H4 and H2A. Plays a central role in MYC transcription activation, and also participates in cell transformation by MYC. Required for p53/TP53-, E2F1- and E2F4- mediated transcription activation. Probably acts by linking transcrip [...] (3847 aa) |
| | Eif2s2 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 2; eIF-2 functions in the early steps of protein synthesis by forming a ternary complex with GTP and initiator tRNA. This complex binds to a 40S ribosomal subunit, followed by mRNA binding to form a 43S preinitiation complex. Junction of the 60S ribosomal subunit to form the 80S initiation complex is preceded by hydrolysis of the GTP bound to eIF-2 and release of an eIF-2-GDP binary complex. In order for eIF-2 to recycle and catalyze another round of initiation, the GDP bound to eIF-2 must exchange with GTP by way of a reaction catalyz [...] (331 aa) |
| | Tsc2 | Tuberin; In complex with TSC1, this tumor suppressor inhibits the nutrient-mediated or growth factor-stimulated phosphorylation of S6K1 and EIF4EBP1 by negatively regulating mTORC1 signaling (By similarity). Acts as a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for the small GTPase RHEB, a direct activator of the protein kinase activity of mTORC1 (By similarity). May also play a role in microtubule-mediated protein transport. Also stimulates the intrinsic GTPase activity of the Ras-related proteins RAP1A and RAB5 (By similarity). (1742 aa) |
| | Eef1g | Elongation factor 1-gamma; Probably plays a role in anchoring the complex to other cellular components. (437 aa) |
| | Rps2 | 40S ribosomal protein S2; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS5 family. (293 aa) |
| | Ccnd1 | G1/S-specific cyclin-D1; Regulatory component of the cyclin D1-CDK4 (DC) complex that phosphorylates and inhibits members of the retinoblastoma (RB) protein family including RB1 and regulates the cell-cycle during G(1)/S transition. Phosphorylation of RB1 allows dissociation of the transcription factor E2F from the RB/E2F complex and the subsequent transcription of E2F target genes which are responsible for the progression through the G(1) phase. Hypophosphorylates RB1 in early G(1) phase. Cyclin D-CDK4 complexes are major integrators of various mitogenenic and antimitogenic signals. A [...] (295 aa) |
| | Srsf2 | Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 2; Necessary for the splicing of pre-mRNA. It is required for formation of the earliest ATP-dependent splicing complex and interacts with spliceosomal components bound to both the 5'- and 3'-splice sites during spliceosome assembly. It also is required for ATP-dependent interactions of both U1 and U2 snRNPs with pre-mRNA (By similarity). Can bind to the myelin basic protein (MBP) gene MB3 regulatory region and increase transcription of the mbp promoter in cells derived from the CNS. The phosphorylated form (by SRPK2) is required for cellular apoptos [...] (221 aa) |
| | Rpl34 | 60S ribosomal protein L34; Component of the large ribosomal subunit. (117 aa) |
| | Xpo5 | Exportin-5; Mediates the nuclear export of proteins bearing a double- stranded RNA binding domain (dsRBD) and double-stranded RNAs (cargos). XPO5 in the nucleus binds cooperatively to the RNA and to the GTPase Ran in its active GTP-bound form. Proteins containing dsRBDs can associate with this trimeric complex through the RNA. Docking of this complex to the nuclear pore complex (NPC) is mediated through binding to nucleoporins. Upon transit of a nuclear export complex into the cytoplasm, hydrolysis of Ran-GTP to Ran-GDP (induced by RANBP1 and RANGAP1, respectively) cause disassembly of [...] (1204 aa) |
| | Pxn | Paxillin; Cytoskeletal protein involved in actin-membrane attachment at sites of cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix (focal adhesion). Belongs to the paxillin family. (591 aa) |
| | Rplp0 | 60S acidic ribosomal protein P0; Ribosomal protein P0 is the functional equivalent of E.coli protein L10. (317 aa) |
| | Rplp2 | 60S acidic ribosomal protein P2; Plays an important role in the elongation step of protein synthesis; Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein P1/P2 family. (115 aa) |
| | Eif4g3 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma 3; Probable component of the protein complex eIF4F, which is involved in the recognition of the mRNA cap, ATP-dependent unwinding of 5'-terminal secondary structure and recruitment of mRNA to the ribosome. Thought to be a functional homolog of EIF4G1 (By similarity). (1578 aa) |
| | Mdc1 | Mediator of DNA damage checkpoint protein 1; Required for checkpoint mediated cell cycle arrest in response to DNA damage within both the S phase and G2/M phases of the cell cycle. May serve as a scaffold for the recruitment of DNA repair and signal transduction proteins to discrete foci of DNA damage marked by 'Ser-139' phosphorylation of histone H2AX. Also required for downstream events subsequent to the recruitment of these proteins. These include phosphorylation and activation of the ATM, CHEK1 and CHEK2 kinases, and stabilization of TP53 and apoptosis. ATM and CHEK2 may also be ac [...] (1708 aa) |
| | Rpl5 | 60S ribosomal protein L5; Component of the ribosome, a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell. The small ribosomal subunit (SSU) binds messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and translates the encoded message by selecting cognate aminoacyl-transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules. The large subunit (LSU) contains the ribosomal catalytic site termed the peptidyl transferase center (PTC), which catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds, thereby polymerizing the amino acids delivered by tRNAs into a polypeptide chain. The nascent polypeptides leave the ribosome through [...] (297 aa) |
| | Rpl3 | 60S ribosomal protein L3; The L3 protein is a component of the large subunit of cytoplasmic ribosomes. (403 aa) |
| | Rpl36 | 60S ribosomal protein L36; Component of the large ribosomal subunit. (105 aa) |
| | Rpl15 | 60S ribosomal protein L15; Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL15 family. (204 aa) |
| | Cpeb3 | Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein 3; Sequence-specific RNA-binding protein which acts as a translational repressor in the basal unstimulated state but, following neuronal stimulation, acts as a translational activator. In contrast to CPEB1, does not bind to the cytoplasmic polyadenylation element (CPE), a uridine-rich sequence element within the mRNA 3'-UTR, but binds to a U-rich loop within a stem-loop structure. Required for the consolidation and maintenance of hippocampal-based long term memory. In the basal state, binds to the mRNA 3'-UTR of the glutamate receptor [...] (716 aa) |
| | Ybx1 | Y-box-binding protein 1; DNA- and RNA-binding protein involved in various processes, such as translational repression, RNA stabilization, mRNA splicing, DNA repair and transcription regulation. Predominantly acts as a RNA-binding protein: binds preferentially to the 5'-[CU]CUGCG-3' RNA motif and specifically recognizes mRNA transcripts modified by C5-methylcytosine (m5C) (By similarity). Promotes mRNA stabilization: acts by binding to m5C-containing mRNAs and recruiting the mRNA stability maintainer ELAVL1, thereby preventing mRNA decay (By similarity). Component of the CRD-mediated co [...] (322 aa) |
| | Dhps | Deoxyhypusine synthase; Catalyzes the NAD-dependent oxidative cleavage of spermidine and the subsequent transfer of the butylamine moiety of spermidine to the epsilon-amino group of a critical lysine residue of the eIF-5A precursor protein to form the intermediate deoxyhypusine residue. This is the first step of the post-translational modification of that lysine into an unusual amino acid residue named hypusine. Hypusination is unique to mature eIF-5A factor and is essential for its function. (369 aa) |
| | Npm1 | Nucleophosmin; Involved in diverse cellular processes such as ribosome biogenesis, centrosome duplication, protein chaperoning, histone assembly, cell proliferation, and regulation of tumor suppressors p53/TP53 and ARF. Binds ribosome presumably to drive ribosome nuclear export. Associated with nucleolar ribonucleoprotein structures and bind single-stranded nucleic acids. Acts as a chaperonin for the core histones H3, H2B and H4. Stimulates APEX1 endonuclease activity on apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) double-stranded DNA but inhibits APEX1 endonuclease activity on AP single-stranded RNA. M [...] (292 aa) |
| | Pdcd4 | Programmed cell death protein 4; Inhibits translation initiation and cap-dependent translation. May excert its function by hindering the interaction between EIF4A1 and EIF4G. Inhibits the helicase activity of EIF4A. Modulates the activation of JUN kinase. Down-regulates the expression of MAP4K1, thus inhibiting events important in driving invasion, namely, MAPK85 activation and consequent JUN-dependent transcription. May play a role in apoptosis. Tumor suppressor. Inhibits tumor promoter-induced neoplastic transformation. Binds RNA. (469 aa) |
| | Hsf1 | Heat shock factor protein 1; Functions as a stress-inducible and DNA-binding transcription factor that plays a central role in the transcriptional activation of the heat shock response (HSR), leading to the expression of a large class of molecular chaperones heat shock proteins (HSPs) that protect cells from cellular insults' damage. In unstressed cells, is present in a HSP90-containing multichaperone complex that maintains it in a non- DNA-binding inactivated monomeric form. Upon exposure to heat and other stress stimuli, undergoes homotrimerization and activates HSP gene transcriptio [...] (503 aa) |
| | Rpl7 | 60S ribosomal protein L7; Component of the large ribosomal subunit (By similarity). Binds to G-rich structures in 28S rRNA and in mRNAs. Plays a regulatory role in the translation apparatus; inhibits cell-free translation of mRNAs (By similarity); Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL30 family. (270 aa) |
| | Eif2s1 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1; Functions in the early steps of protein synthesis by forming a ternary complex with GTP and initiator tRNA. This complex binds to a 40S ribosomal subunit, followed by mRNA binding to form a 43S pre- initiation complex. Junction of the 60S ribosomal subunit to form the 80S initiation complex is preceded by hydrolysis of the GTP bound to eIF-2 and release of an eIF-2-GDP binary complex. In order for eIF-2 to recycle and catalyze another round of initiation, the GDP bound to eIF- 2 must exchange with GTP by way of a reaction catalyzed [...] (315 aa) |
| | Srsf7 | Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 7; Required for pre-mRNA splicing. Represses the splicing of MAPT/Tau exon 10. May function as export adapter involved in mRNA nuclear export such as of histone H2A. Binds mRNA which is thought to be transferred to the NXF1-NXT1 heterodimer for export (TAP/NXF1 pathway); enhances NXF1-NXT1 RNA-binding activity. RNA-binding is semi- sequence specific (By similarity); Belongs to the splicing factor SR family. (238 aa) |
| | Nanos3 | Nanos homolog 3; Plays a role in the maintenance of the undifferentiated state of germ cells regulating the spermatogonia cell cycle and inducing a prolonged transit in G1 phase. Affects cell proliferation probably by repressing translation of specific mRNAs. Maintains the germ cell lineage by suppressing both Bax-dependent and -independent apoptotic pathways. Essential in the early stage embryo to protect the migrating primordial germ cells (PGCs) from apoptosis. Belongs to the nanos family. (178 aa) |
| | Zfp277 | Zinc finger protein 277. (583 aa) |
| | Ifng | Interferon gamma; Produced by lymphocytes activated by specific antigens or mitogens. IFN-gamma, in addition to having antiviral activity, has important immunoregulatory functions. It is a potent activator of macrophages, it has antiproliferative effects on transformed cells and it can potentiate the antiviral and antitumor effects of the type I interferons. (155 aa) |
| | Rps27rt | 40S ribosomal protein S27; Component of the small ribosomal subunit (By similarity). Required for proper rRNA processing and maturation of 18S rRNAs (By similarity). (84 aa) |
| | Ifnb1 | Interferon beta; Has antiviral, antibacterial and anticancer activities; Belongs to the alpha/beta interferon family. (182 aa) |
| | Yars2 | Tyrosine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the attachment of tyrosine to tRNA(Tyr) in a two- step reaction: tyrosine is first activated by ATP to form Tyr-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Tyr). Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. (472 aa) |
| | Eef1a2 | Elongation factor 1-alpha 2; This protein promotes the GTP-dependent binding of aminoacyl- tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes during protein biosynthesis; Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. EF-Tu/EF-1A subfamily. (463 aa) |
| | Lcn2 | Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; Iron-trafficking protein involved in multiple processes such as apoptosis, innate immunity and renal development. Binds iron through association with 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,5- DHBA), a siderophore that shares structural similarities with bacterial enterobactin, and delivers or removes iron from the cell, depending on the context. Iron-bound form (holo-24p3) is internalized following binding to the SLC22A17 (24p3R) receptor, leading to release of iron and subsequent increase of intracellular iron concentration. In contrast, association o [...] (200 aa) |
| | Snai1 | Zinc finger protein SNAI1; Involved in induction of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), formation and maintenance of embryonic mesoderm, growth arrest, survival and cell migration. Binds to 3 E-boxes of the E-cadherin gene promoter and to the promoters of CLDN7 and KRT8 and, in association with histone demethylase KDM1A which it recruits to the promoters, causes a decrease in dimethylated H3K4 levels and represses transcription. Involved in induction of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), formation and maintenance of embryonic mesoderm, growth arrest, survival a [...] (264 aa) |
| | Eif5a2 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A-2; mRNA-binding protein involved in translation elongation. Has an important function at the level of mRNA turnover, probably acting downstream of decapping. Involved in actin dynamics and cell cycle progression, mRNA decay and probably in a pathway involved in stress response and maintenance of cell wall integrity. Functions as a regulator of apoptosis. Mediates effects of polyamines on neuronal process extension and survival. May play an important role in brain development and function, and in skeletal muscle stem cell differentiation (By s [...] (153 aa) |
| | Mettl18 | Histidine protein methyltransferase 1 homolog; Probable histidine methyltransferase; Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. METTL18 family. (362 aa) |
| | Rpl10a | 60S ribosomal protein L10a; Component of the large ribosomal subunit. Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL1 family. (217 aa) |
| | Eif5a | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A-1; mRNA-binding protein involved in translation elongation. Has an important function at the level of mRNA turnover, probably acting downstream of decapping. Involved in actin dynamics and cell cycle progression, mRNA decay and probably in a pathway involved in stress response and maintenance of cell wall integrity. With syntenin SDCBP, functions as a regulator of p53/TP53 and p53/TP53-dependent apoptosis. Regulates also TNF-alpha-mediated apoptosis. Mediates effects of polyamines on neuronal process extension and survival. May play an import [...] (154 aa) |
| | Hoxa9 | Homeobox protein Hox-A9; Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis. Required for induction of E-selectin and VCAM-1, on the endothelial cells surface at sites of inflammation (By similarity). (271 aa) |
| | Ipo8 | Importin-8; Seems to function in nuclear protein import, either by acting as autonomous nuclear transport receptor or as an adapter-like protein in association with the importin-beta subunit KPNB1. Acting autonomously, is thought to serve itself as receptor for nuclear localization signals (NLS) and to promote translocation of import substrates through the nuclear pore complex (NPC) by an energy requiring, Ran-dependent mechanism. At the nucleoplasmic side of the NPC, Ran binds to importin, the importin/substrate complex dissociates and importin is re-exported from the nucleus to the c [...] (1010 aa) |
| | Rpl37 | 60S ribosomal protein L37; Binds to the 23S rRNA; Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL37 family. (97 aa) |
| | Eef2 | Elongation factor 2; Catalyzes the GTP-dependent ribosomal translocation step during translation elongation. During this step, the ribosome changes from the pre-translocational (PRE) to the post-translocational (POST) state as the newly formed A-site-bound peptidyl-tRNA and P-site-bound deacylated tRNA move to the P and E sites, respectively. Catalyzes the coordinated movement of the two tRNA molecules, the mRNA and conformational changes in the ribosome; Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. EF-G/EF-2 subfamily. (858 aa) |
| | Fancd2 | Fanconi anemia group D2 protein homolog; Required for maintenance of chromosomal stability. Promotes accurate and efficient pairing of homologs during meiosis. Involved in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks, both by homologous recombination and single-strand annealing. May participate in S phase and G2 phase checkpoint activation upon DNA damage. Plays a role in preventing breakage and loss of missegregating chromatin at the end of cell division, particularly after replication stress (By similarity). Promotes BRCA2/FANCD1 loading onto damaged chromatin. May also be involved in B-ce [...] (1450 aa) |
| | Fanci | Fanconi anemia group I protein homolog; Plays an essential role in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks by homologous recombination and in the repair of interstrand DNA cross-links (ICLs) by promoting FANCD2 monoubiquitination by FANCL and participating in recruitment to DNA repair sites. Required for maintenance of chromosomal stability. Specifically binds branched DNA: binds both single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). Participates in S phase and G2 phase checkpoint activation upon DNA damage. (1330 aa) |
| | Nop53 | Ribosome biogenesis protein NOP53; Nucleolar protein which is involved in the integration of the 5S RNP into the ribosomal large subunit during ribosome biogenesis. In ribosome biogenesis, may also play a role in rRNA transcription (By similarity). Also functions as a nucleolar sensor that regulates the activation of p53/TP53 in response to ribosome biogenesis perturbation, DNA damage and other stress conditions. DNA damage or perturbation of ribosome biogenesis disrupt the interaction between NOP53 and RPL11 allowing RPL11 transport to the nucleoplasm where it can inhibit MDM2 and all [...] (484 aa) |
| | Rpl22l1 | 60S ribosomal protein L22-like 1. (122 aa) |
| | Eef1a1 | Elongation factor 1-alpha 1; This protein promotes the GTP-dependent binding of aminoacyl- tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes during protein biosynthesis. With PARP1 and TXK, forms a complex that acts as a T helper 1 (Th1) cell-specific transcription factor and binds the promoter of IFN-gamma to directly regulate its transcription, and is thus involved importantly in Th1 cytokine production. (462 aa) |
| | Ago2 | Protein argonaute-2; Required for RNA-mediated gene silencing (RNAi) by the RNA- induced silencing complex (RISC). The 'minimal RISC' appears to include AGO2 bound to a short guide RNA such as a microRNA (miRNA) or short interfering RNA (siRNA). These guide RNAs direct RISC to complementary mRNAs that are targets for RISC-mediated gene silencing. The precise mechanism of gene silencing depends on the degree of complementarity between the miRNA or siRNA and its target. Binding of RISC to a perfectly complementary mRNA generally results in silencing due to endonucleolytic cleavage of the [...] (860 aa) |
| | Eif1 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1; Necessary for scanning and involved in initiation site selection. Promotes the assembly of 48S ribosomal complexes at the authentic initiation codon of a conventional capped mRNA (By similarity); Belongs to the SUI1 family. (113 aa) |
| | Eif3l | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit L; Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is required for several steps in the initiation of protein synthesis. The eIF-3 complex associates with the 40S ribosome and facilitates the recruitment of eIF-1, eIF-1A, eIF- 2:GTP:methionyl-tRNAi and eIF-5 to form the 43S pre-initiation complex (43S PIC). The eIF-3 complex stimulates mRNA recruitment to the 43S PIC and scanning of the mRNA for AUG recognition. The eIF-3 complex is also required for disassembly and recycling of post-termination ribos [...] (564 aa) |
| | Ipo13 | Importin-13; Functions in nuclear protein import as nuclear transport receptor. Serves as receptor for nuclear localization signals (NLS) in cargo substrates. Is thought to mediate docking of the importin/substrate complex to the nuclear pore complex (NPC) through binding to nucleoporin and the complex is subsequently translocated through the pore by an energy requiring, Ran-dependent mechanism. At the nucleoplasmic side of the NPC, Ran binds to the importin, the importin/substrate complex dissociates and importin is re-exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm where GTP hydrolysis re [...] (963 aa) |
| | Rpsa | 40S ribosomal protein SA; Required for the assembly and/or stability of the 40S ribosomal subunit. Required for the processing of the 20S rRNA- precursor to mature 18S rRNA in a late step of the maturation of 40S ribosomal subunits. Also functions as a cell surface receptor for laminin. Plays a role in cell adhesion to the basement membrane and in the consequent activation of signaling transduction pathways. May play a role in cell fate determination and tissue morphogenesis. Also acts as a receptor for several other ligands, including the pathogenic prion protein, viruses, and bacteri [...] (295 aa) |
| | Rpl4 | 60S ribosomal protein L4; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL4 family. (419 aa) |
| | Ikbkb | Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta; Serine kinase that plays an essential role in the NF-kappa-B signaling pathway which is activated by multiple stimuli such as inflammatory cytokines, bacterial or viral products, DNA damages or other cellular stresses. Acts as part of the canonical IKK complex in the conventional pathway of NF-kappa-B activation and phosphorylates inhibitors of NF-kappa-B on 2 critical serine residues. These modifications allow polyubiquitination of the inhibitors and subsequent degradation by the proteasome. In turn, free NF-kappa-B is transloca [...] (757 aa) |
| | Hdac6 | Histone deacetylase 6; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes. In addition to histones, deacetylates other proteins: plays a central role in microtubule-dependent cell motility by mediating deacetylation of tubulin. In addition to its protein deacetylase activity, pla [...] (1149 aa) |
| | Eif3f | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit F; Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is required for several steps in the initiation of protein synthesis. The eIF-3 complex associates with the 40S ribosome and facilitates the recruitment of eIF-1, eIF-1A, eIF- 2:GTP:methionyl-tRNAi and eIF-5 to form the 43S pre-initiation complex (43S PIC). The eIF-3 complex stimulates mRNA recruitment to the 43S PIC and scanning of the mRNA for AUG recognition. The eIF-3 complex is also required for disassembly and recycling of post-termination ribos [...] (361 aa) |
| | Rps3 | 40S ribosomal protein S3; Involved in translation as a component of the 40S small ribosomal subunit (By similarity). Has endonuclease activity and plays a role in repair of damaged DNA. Cleaves phosphodiester bonds of DNAs containing altered bases with broad specificity and cleaves supercoiled DNA more efficiently than relaxed DNA (By similarity). Displays high binding affinity for 7,8-dihydro-8- oxoguanine (8-oxoG), a common DNA lesion caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) (By similarity). Has also been shown to bind with similar affinity to intact and damaged DNA (By similarity). S [...] (243 aa) |
| | Eif3c | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit C; Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is required for several steps in the initiation of protein synthesis. The eIF-3 complex associates with the 40S ribosome and facilitates the recruitment of eIF-1, eIF-1A, eIF- 2:GTP:methionyl-tRNAi and eIF-5 to form the 43S pre-initiation complex (43S PIC). The eIF-3 complex stimulates mRNA recruitment to the 43S PIC and scanning of the mRNA for AUG recognition. The eIF-3 complex is also required for disassembly and recycling of post-termination ribos [...] (911 aa) |
| | Maz | Myc-associated zinc finger protein; Transcriptional activator that binds to purine-rich GAGA sites found in the promoter of many genes including insulin I and II and islet amyloid polypeptide. (477 aa) |
| | Ipo5 | Importin-5; Functions in nuclear protein import as nuclear transport receptor. Serves as receptor for nuclear localization signals (NLS) in cargo substrates. Is thought to mediate docking of the importin/substrate complex to the nuclear pore complex (NPC) through binding to nucleoporin and the complex is subsequently translocated through the pore by an energy requiring, Ran-dependent mechanism. At the nucleoplasmic side of the NPC, Ran binds to the importin, the importin/substrate complex dissociates and importin is re-exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm where GTP hydrolysis rel [...] (1097 aa) |
| | Ogg1 | DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase; DNA repair enzyme that incises DNA at 8-oxoG residues. Excises 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine and 2,6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5-N- methylformamidopyrimidine (FAPY) from damaged DNA. Has a beta-lyase activity that nicks DNA 3' to the lesion; Belongs to the type-1 OGG1 family. (345 aa) |
| | Rpl6 | 60S ribosomal protein L6; Component of the large ribosomal subunit. (296 aa) |
| | Aimp2 | Aminoacyl tRNA synthase complex-interacting multifunctional protein 2; Required for assembly and stability of the aminoacyl-tRNA synthase complex. Mediates ubiquitination and degradation of FUBP1, a transcriptional activator of MYC, leading to MYC down-regulation which is required for aveolar type II cell differentiation. Blocks MDM2-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of p53/TP53. Functions as a proapoptotic factor. (320 aa) |
| | Eif2b1 | Translation initiation factor eIF-2B subunit alpha; Catalyzes the exchange of eukaryotic initiation factor 2- bound GDP for GTP; Belongs to the eIF-2B alpha/beta/delta subunits family. (305 aa) |
| | Ncbp1 | Nuclear cap-binding protein subunit 1; Component of the cap-binding complex (CBC), which binds cotranscriptionally to the 5'-cap of pre-mRNAs and is involved in various processes such as pre-mRNA splicing, translation regulation, nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, RNA-mediated gene silencing (RNAi) by microRNAs (miRNAs) and mRNA export. The CBC complex is involved in mRNA export from the nucleus via its interaction with ALYREF/THOC4/ALY, leading to the recruitment of the mRNA export machinery to the 5'-end of mRNA and to mRNA export in a 5' to 3' direction through the nuclear pore. The CBC [...] (790 aa) |
| | Nbn | Nibrin; Component of the MRE11-RAD50-NBN (MRN complex) which plays a critical role in the cellular response to DNA damage and the maintenance of chromosome integrity. The complex is involved in double- strand break (DSB) repair, DNA recombination, maintenance of telomere integrity, cell cycle checkpoint control and meiosis. The complex possesses single-strand endonuclease activity and double-strand- specific 3'-5' exonuclease activity, which are provided by MRE11. RAD50 may be required to bind DNA ends and hold them in close proximity. NBN modulate the DNA damage signal sensing by recr [...] (751 aa) |
| | Eif4e | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E; Recognizes and binds the 7-methylguanosine-containing mRNA cap during an early step in the initiation of protein synthesis and facilitates ribosome binding by inducing the unwinding of the mRNAs secondary structures. May play an important role in spermatogenesis through translational regulation of stage-specific mRNAs during germ cell development (By similarity). Its translation stimulation activity is repressed by binding to the complex CYFIP1-FMR1. Component of the CYFIP1-EIF4E-FMR1 complex which binds to the mRNA cap and mediates translat [...] (217 aa) |
| | Eif6 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 6; Binds to the 60S ribosomal subunit and prevents its association with the 40S ribosomal subunit to form the 80S initiation complex in the cytoplasm. Behaves as a stimulatory translation initiation factor downstream insulin/growth factors. Is also involved in ribosome biogenesis. Associates with pre-60S subunits in the nucleus and is involved in its nuclear export. Cytoplasmic release of TIF6 from 60S subunits and nuclear relocalization is promoted by a RACK1 (RACK1)- dependent protein kinase C activity. In tissues responsive to insulin, contro [...] (245 aa) |
| | Rad51 | DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 1; Plays an important role in homologous strand exchange, a key step in DNA repair through homologous recombination (HR). Binds to single and double-stranded DNA and exhibits DNA-dependent ATPase activity. Catalyzes the recognition of homology and strand exchange between homologous DNA partners to form a joint molecule between a processed DNA break and the repair template. Binds to single-stranded DNA in an ATP-dependent manner to form nucleoprotein filaments which are essential for the homology search and strand exchange. Part of a PALB2-scaffolded HR [...] (339 aa) |
| | Eif3j1 | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit J-A; Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is required for several steps in the initiation of protein synthesis. The eIF-3 complex associates with the 40S ribosome and facilitates the recruitment of eIF-1, eIF-1A, eIF- 2:GTP:methionyl-tRNAi and eIF-5 to form the 43S pre-initiation complex (43S PIC). The eIF-3 complex stimulates mRNA recruitment to the 43S PIC and scanning of the mRNA for AUG recognition. The eIF-3 complex is also required for disassembly and recycling of post-termination rib [...] (261 aa) |
| | Eif3m | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit M; Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is required for several steps in the initiation of protein synthesis. The eIF-3 complex associates with the 40S ribosome and facilitates the recruitment of eIF-1, eIF-1A, eIF- 2:GTP:methionyl-tRNAi and eIF-5 to form the 43S pre-initiation complex (43S PIC). The eIF-3 complex stimulates mRNA recruitment to the 43S PIC and scanning of the mRNA for AUG recognition. The eIF-3 complex is also required for disassembly and recycling of post-termination ribos [...] (374 aa) |
| | Notch1 | Neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1; Functions as a receptor for membrane-bound ligands Jagged-1 (JAG1), Jagged-2 (JAG2) and Delta-1 (DLL1) to regulate cell-fate determination. Upon ligand activation through the released notch intracellular domain (NICD) it forms a transcriptional activator complex with RBPJ/RBPSUH and activates genes of the enhancer of split locus. Affects the implementation of differentiation, proliferation and apoptotic programs. Involved in angiogenesis; negatively regulates endothelial cell proliferation and migration and angiogenic sprouting. Involved in the [...] (2531 aa) |
| | Eif5b | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B; Plays a role in translation initiation. Translational GTPase that catalyzes the joining of the 40S and 60S subunits to form the 80S initiation complex with the initiator methionine-tRNA in the P-site base paired to the start codon. GTP binding and hydrolysis induces conformational changes in the enzyme that renders it active for productive interactions with the ribosome. The release of the enzyme after formation of the initiation complex is a prerequisite to form elongation-competent ribosomes. (1216 aa) |
| | Eif4a3 | Eukaryotic initiation factor 4A-III, N-terminally processed; ATP-dependent RNA helicase. Involved in pre-mRNA splicing as component of the spliceosome. Core component of the splicing-dependent multiprotein exon junction complex (EJC) deposited at splice junctions on mRNAs. The EJC is a dynamic structure consisting of core proteins and several peripheral nuclear and cytoplasmic associated factors that join the complex only transiently either during EJC assembly or during subsequent mRNA metabolism. The EJC marks the position of the exon-exon junction in the mature mRNA for the gene expr [...] (411 aa) |
| | Rps26 | 40S ribosomal protein S26; Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS26 family. (115 aa) |
| | Tnf | Tumor necrosis factor, membrane form; Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation (By similarity). Induces insulin resistance in adipocytes via inhibition of insulin-induced IRS1 tyrosine phosphorylation and insulin-induced glucose uptake. Induces [...] (235 aa) |
| | Epas1 | Endothelial PAS domain-containing protein 1; Transcription factor involved in the induction of oxygen regulated genes. Heterodimerizes with ARNT; heterodimer binds to core DNA sequence 5'-TACGTG-3' within the hypoxia response element (HRE) of target gene promoters. Regulates the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and seems to be implicated in the development of blood vessels and the tubular system of lung. May also play a role in the formation of the endothelium that gives rise to the blood brain barrier. Potent activator of the Tie-2 tyrosine kinase expression. Activ [...] (874 aa) |
| | Eif2ak2 | Interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase; IFN-induced dsRNA-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase which plays a key role in the innate immune response to viral infection and is also involved in the regulation of signal transduction, apoptosis, cell proliferation and differentiation. Exerts its antiviral activity on a wide range of DNA and RNA viruses including west nile virus (WNV), sindbis virus (SV), foot-and-mouth virus (FMDV), semliki Forest virus (SFV) and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). Inhibits viral replication via phosphorylation of the a [...] (515 aa) |
| | Rnf8 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF8; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that plays a key role in DNA damage signaling via 2 distinct roles: by mediating the 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination of histones H2A and H2AX and promoting the recruitment of DNA repair proteins at double-strand breaks (DSBs) sites, and by catalyzing 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitination to remove target proteins from DNA damage sites. Following DNA DSBs, it is recruited to the sites of damage by ATM-phosphorylated MDC1 and catalyzes the 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination of histones H2A and H2AX, thereby promoting the formation of TP53 [...] (488 aa) |
| | Ldc1 | Leucine decarboxylase 1; Belongs to the Orn/Lys/Arg decarboxylase class-II family. (425 aa) |
| | Rrn3 | RNA polymerase I-specific transcription initiation factor RRN3; Required for efficient transcription initiation by RNA polymerase I. Required for the formation of the competent preinitiation complex (PIC). Dissociates from pol I as a consequence of transcription. In vitro, cannot activate transcription in a subsequent transcription reaction; Belongs to the RRN3 family. (656 aa) |
