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Cdk12 | Cyclin-dependent kinase 12; Cyclin-dependent kinase that phosphorylates the C-terminal domain (CTD) of the large subunit of RNA polymerase II (POLR2A), thereby acting as a key regulator of transcription elongation. Regulates the expression of genes involved in DNA repair and is required for the maintenance of genomic stability. Preferentially phosphorylates 'Ser-5' in CTD repeats that are already phosphorylated at 'Ser-7', but can also phosphorylate 'Ser-2'. Required for RNA splicing, possibly by phosphorylating SRSF1/SF2. Involved in regulation of MAP kinase activity, possibly leading [...] (1484 aa) | ||||
Lsm2 | U6 snRNA-associated Sm-like protein LSm2; Plays role in pre-mRNA splicing as component of the U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex that is involved in spliceosome assembly, and as component of the precatalytic spliceosome (spliceosome B complex). The heptameric LSM2-8 complex binds specifically to the 3'-terminal U-tract of U6 snRNA. (131 aa) | ||||
U2af1 | Splicing factor U2AF 35 kDa subunit; Plays a critical role in both constitutive and enhancer- dependent splicing by mediating protein-protein interactions and protein-RNA interactions required for accurate 3'-splice site selection. Recruits U2 snRNP to the branch point. Directly mediates interactions between U2AF2 and proteins bound to the enhancers and thus may function as a bridge between U2AF2 and the enhancer complex to recruit it to the adjacent intron (By similarity). (239 aa) | ||||
Wdr33 | pre-mRNA 3' end processing protein WDR33; Essential for both cleavage and polyadenylation of pre-mRNA 3' ends; Belongs to the WD repeat WDR33 family. (1330 aa) | ||||
Cstf3 | Cleavage stimulation factor subunit 3; One of the multiple factors required for polyadenylation and 3'-end cleavage of mammalian pre-mRNAs. (717 aa) | ||||
Cstf2 | Cleavage stimulation factor subunit 2; One of the multiple factors required for polyadenylation and 3'-end cleavage of mammalian pre-mRNAs. This subunit is directly involved in the binding to pre-mRNAs (By similarity). (580 aa) | ||||
Nudt21 | Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 5; Component of the cleavage factor Im (CFIm) complex that functions as an activator of the pre-mRNA 3'-end cleavage and polyadenylation processing required for the maturation of pre-mRNA into functional mRNAs. CFIm contributes to the recruitment of multiprotein complexes on specific sequences on the pre-mRNA 3'-end, so called cleavage and polyadenylation signals (pA signals). Most pre-mRNAs contain multiple pA signals, resulting in alternative cleavage and polyadenylation (APA) producing mRNAs with variable 3'-end formation. The [...] (227 aa) | ||||
Cpsf7 | Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 7; Component of the cleavage factor Im (CFIm) complex that functions as an activator of the pre-mRNA 3'-end cleavage and polyadenylation processing required for the maturation of pre-mRNA into functional mRNAs. CFIm contributes to the recruitment of multiprotein complexes on specific sequences on the pre-mRNA 3'-end, so called cleavage and polyadenylation signals (pA signals). Most pre-mRNAs contain multiple pA signals, resulting in alternative cleavage and polyadenylation (APA) producing mRNAs with variable 3'-end formation. The [...] (471 aa) | ||||
Cpsf2 | Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 2; Component of the cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF) complex that play a key role in pre-mRNA 3'-end formation, recognizing the AAUAAA signal sequence and interacting with poly(A) polymerase and other factors to bring about cleavage and poly(A) addition. Involved in the histone 3' end pre-mRNA processing (By similarity). (782 aa) | ||||
Cpsf3 | Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 3; Component of the cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF) complex that play a key role in pre-mRNA 3'-end formation, recognizing the AAUAAA signal sequence and interacting with poly(A) polymerase and other factors to bring about cleavage and poly(A) addition. Has endonuclease activity, and functions as mRNA 3'- end-processing endonuclease. Also involved in the histone 3'-end pre- mRNA processing. U7 snRNP-dependent protein that induces both the 3' endoribonucleolytic cleavage of histone pre-mRNAs and acts as a 5' [...] (684 aa) | ||||
Top2a | DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha; Control of topological states of DNA by transient breakage and subsequent rejoining of DNA strands. Topoisomerase II makes double- strand breaks. Essential during mitosis and meiosis for proper segregation of daughter chromosomes. May play a role in regulating the period length of ARNTL/BMAL1 transcriptional oscillation. (1528 aa) | ||||
Cpsf1 | Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 1; Component of the cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF) complex that plays a key role in pre-mRNA 3'-end formation, recognizing the AAUAAA signal sequence and interacting with poly(A) polymerase and other factors to bring about cleavage and poly(A) addition. This subunit is involved in the RNA recognition step of the polyadenylation reaction (By similarity). (1441 aa) | ||||
Snrnp70 | U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 70 kDa; Component of the spliceosomal U1 snRNP, which is essential for recognition of the pre-mRNA 5' splice-site and the subsequent assembly of the spliceosome. SNRNP70 binds to the loop I region of U1- snRNA. (448 aa) | ||||
Snrpa | U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein A; Component of the spliceosomal U1 snRNP, which is essential for recognition of the pre-mRNA 5' splice-site and the subsequent assembly of the spliceosome. U1 snRNP is the first snRNP to interact with pre-mRNA. This interaction is required for the subsequent binding of U2 snRNP and the U4/U6/U5 tri-snRNP. SNRPA binds stem loop II of U1 snRNA. In a snRNP-free form (SF-A) may be involved in coupled pre-mRNA splicing and polyadenylation process. May bind preferentially to the 5'-UGCAC-3' motif on RNAs (By similarity). (287 aa) | ||||
Cstf2t | Cleavage stimulation factor subunit 2 tau variant; May play a significant role in AAUAAA-independent mRNA polyadenylation in germ cells. Directly involved in the binding to pre- mRNAs. (632 aa) | ||||
Cstf1 | Cleavage stimulation factor subunit 1; One of the multiple factors required for polyadenylation and 3'-end cleavage of mammalian pre-mRNAs (By similarity). May be responsible for the interaction of CSTF with other factors to form a stable complex on the pre-mRNA (By similarity). (431 aa) | ||||
Pcf11 | PCF11 cleavage and polyadenylation factor subunit. (1553 aa) | ||||
Sf1 | Splicing factor 1; Necessary for the ATP-dependent first step of spliceosome assembly. Binds to the intron branch point sequence (BPS) 5'-UACUAAC-3' of the pre-mRNA. May act as transcription repressor (By similarity). Belongs to the BBP/SF1 family. (639 aa) | ||||
Cpsf4 | Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 4; Component of the cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF) complex that play a key role in pre-mRNA 3'-end formation, recognizing the AAUAAA signal sequence and interacting with poly(A) polymerase and other factors to bring about cleavage and poly(A) addition. CPSF4 binds RNA polymers with a preference for poly(U) (By similarity); Belongs to the CPSF4/YTH1 family. (244 aa) | ||||
Cpsf6 | Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 6; Component of the cleavage factor Im (CFIm) complex that functions as an activator of the pre-mRNA 3'-end cleavage and polyadenylation processing required for the maturation of pre-mRNA into functional mRNAs. CFIm contributes to the recruitment of multiprotein complexes on specific sequences on the pre-mRNA 3'-end, so called cleavage and polyadenylation signals (pA signals). Most pre-mRNAs contain multiple pA signals, resulting in alternative cleavage and polyadenylation (APA) producing mRNAs with variable 3'-end formation. The [...] (552 aa) | ||||
Pol | LINE-1 retrotransposable element ORF2 protein; Has a reverse transcriptase activity required for target- primed reverse transcription of the LINE-1 element mRNA, a crucial step in LINE-1 retrotransposition. Has also an endonuclease activity that allows the introduction of nicks in the chromosomal target DNA. Cleaves DNA in AT-rich regions between a 5' stretch of purines and a 3' stretch of pyrimidines, corresponding to sites of LINE-1 integration in the genome. (500 aa) | ||||
U2af2 | Splicing factor U2AF 65 kDa subunit; Plays a role in pre-mRNA splicing and 3'-end processing. By recruiting PRPF19 and the PRP19C/Prp19 complex/NTC/Nineteen complex to the RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain (CTD), and thereby pre-mRNA, may couple transcription to splicing. Required for the export of mRNA out of the nucleus, even if the mRNA is encoded by an intron-less gene. Positively regulates pre-mRNA 3'-end processing by recruiting the CFIm complex to cleavage and polyadenylation signals. (475 aa) | ||||
Snrpc | U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein C; Component of the spliceosomal U1 snRNP, which is essential for recognition of the pre-mRNA 5' splice-site and the subsequent assembly of the spliceosome. SNRPC/U1-C is directly involved in initial 5' splice-site recognition for both constitutive and regulated alternative splicing. The interaction with the 5' splice-site seems to precede base-pairing between the pre-mRNA and the U1 snRNA. Stimulates commitment or early (E) complex formation by stabilizing the base pairing of the 5' end of the U1 snRNA and the 5' splice-site region. (159 aa) | ||||
Dnah8 | Dynein heavy chain 8, axonemal; Force generating protein of respiratory cilia. Produces force towards the minus ends of microtubules. Dynein has ATPase activity; the force-producing power stroke is thought to occur on release of ADP. Involved in sperm motility; implicated in sperm flagellar assembly. (4731 aa) |