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| Ehmt2 | Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EHMT2; Histone methyltransferase that specifically mono- and dimethylates 'Lys-9' of histone H3 (H3K9me1 and H3K9me2, respectively) in euchromatin. H3K9me represents a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression by recruiting HP1 proteins to methylated histones. Also mediates monomethylation of 'Lys-56' of histone H3 (H3K56me1) in G1 phase, leading to promote interaction between histone H3 and PCNA and regulating DNA replication. Also weakly methylates 'Lys-27' of histone H3 (H3K27me). Also required for DNA methylation, the histone methyltr [...] (1263 aa) | ||||
| Tdpoz3 | TD and POZ domain-containing protein 3. (365 aa) | ||||
| Grsf1 | G-rich sequence factor 1; Regulator of post-transcriptional mitochondrial gene expression, required for assembly of the mitochondrial ribosome and for recruitment of mRNA and lncRNA. Binds RNAs containing the 14 base G- rich element. Preferentially binds RNAs transcribed from three contiguous genes on the light strand of mtDNA, the ND6 mRNA, and the long non-coding RNAs for MT-CYB and MT-ND5, each of which contains multiple consensus binding sequences. Involved in the degradosome- mediated decay of non-coding mitochondrial transcripts (MT-ncRNA) and tRNA-like molecules. Acts by unwindi [...] (479 aa) | ||||
| Eif1a | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1A; Seems to be required for maximal rate of protein biosynthesis. Enhances ribosome dissociation into subunits and stabilizes the binding of the initiator Met-tRNA(I) to 40 S ribosomal subunits. (144 aa) | ||||
| H3c7 | Histone H3.2; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. (136 aa) | ||||
| Ep300 | Histone acetyltransferase p300; Functions as histone acetyltransferase and regulates transcription via chromatin remodeling (By similarity). Acetylates all four core histones in nucleosomes (By similarity). Histone acetylation gives an epigenetic tag for transcriptional activation (By similarity). Mediates cAMP-gene regulation by binding specifically to phosphorylated CREB protein. Mediates acetylation of histone H3 at 'Lys-122' (H3K122ac), a modification that localizes at the surface of the histone octamer and stimulates transcription, possibly by promoting nucleosome instability (By [...] (2412 aa) | ||||
| Zscan4d | Zinc finger and SCAN domain containing protein 4D; Transcription factor required to regulate early development. Binds telomeres and plays a key role in genomic stability by regulating telomere elongation. Acts as an activator of spontaneous telomere sister chromatid exchange (T-SCE) and telomere elongation (By similarity). (506 aa) | ||||
| Snrpd2 | Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein Sm D2; Plays role in pre-mRNA splicing as core component of the SMN- Sm complex that mediates spliceosomal snRNP assembly and as component of the spliceosomal U1, U2, U4 and U5 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), the building blocks of the spliceosome. Component of both the pre-catalytic spliceosome B complex and activated spliceosome C complexes. Is also a component of the minor U12 spliceosome. (118 aa) | ||||
| Lsm4 | U6 snRNA-associated Sm-like protein LSm4; Plays role in pre-mRNA splicing as component of the U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex that is involved in spliceosome assembly, and as component of the precatalytic spliceosome (spliceosome B complex). The heptameric LSM2-8 complex binds specifically to the 3'-terminal U-tract of U6 snRNA. (138 aa) | ||||
| Ncl | Nucleolin; Nucleolin is the major nucleolar protein of growing eukaryotic cells. It is found associated with intranucleolar chromatin and pre-ribosomal particles. It induces chromatin decondensation by binding to histone H1. It is thought to play a role in pre-rRNA transcription and ribosome assembly. May play a role in the process of transcriptional elongation. Binds RNA oligonucleotides with 5'-UUAGGG- 3' repeats more tightly than the telomeric single-stranded DNA 5'- TTAGGG-3' repeats (By similarity). (707 aa) | ||||
| Sf3b2 | Splicing factor 3b, subunit 2. (878 aa) | ||||
| Pou5f1 | POU domain, class 5, transcription factor 1; Transcription factor that binds to the octamer motif (5'- ATTTGCAT-3'). Forms a trimeric complex with SOX2 or SOX15 on DNA and controls the expression of a number of genes involved in embryonic development such as YES1, FGF4, UTF1 and ZFP206. Critical for early embryogenesis and for embryonic stem cell pluripotency. Belongs to the POU transcription factor family. Class-5 subfamily. (352 aa) | ||||
| Crebbp | Histone lysine acetyltransferase CREBBP; Acetylates histones, giving a specific tag for transcriptional activation (By similarity). Also acetylates non-histone proteins, like DDX21, FBL, IRF2, MAFG, NCOA3, POLR1E/PAF53 and FOXO1. Binds specifically to phosphorylated CREB and enhances its transcriptional activity toward cAMP-responsive genes (By similarity). Acts as a coactivator of ALX1 (By similarity). Acts as a circadian transcriptional coactivator which enhances the activity of the circadian transcriptional activators: NPAS2-ARNTL/BMAL1 and CLOCK- ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimers (By simila [...] (2441 aa) | ||||
| Eftud2 | 116 kDa U5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein component; Required for pre-mRNA splicing as component of the spliceosome, including pre-catalytic, catalytic and post-catalytic spliceosomal complexes (By similarity). Component of the U5 snRNP and the U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex, a building block of the spliceosome (By similarity). (972 aa) | ||||
| BB287469 | Expressed sequence BB287469; Seems to be required for maximal rate of protein biosynthesis. Enhances ribosome dissociation into subunits and stabilizes the binding of the initiator Met-tRNA(I) to 40 S ribosomal subunits. (144 aa) | ||||
| Gm8300 | Predicted pseudogene 8332; Seems to be required for maximal rate of protein biosynthesis. Enhances ribosome dissociation into subunits and stabilizes the binding of the initiator Met-tRNA(I) to 40 S ribosomal subunits. (144 aa) | ||||
| Poli | DNA polymerase iota; Error-prone DNA polymerase specifically involved in DNA repair. Plays an important role in translesion synthesis, where the normal high-fidelity DNA polymerases cannot proceed and DNA synthesis stalls. Favors Hoogsteen base-pairing in the active site. Inserts the correct base with high-fidelity opposite an adenosine template (By similarity). Exhibits low fidelity and efficiency opposite a thymidine template, where it will preferentially insert guanosine (By similarity). May play a role in hypermutation of immunogobulin genes (By similarity). Forms a Schiff base wit [...] (737 aa) | ||||
| Zscan4c | Zinc finger and SCAN domain containing protein 4C; Embryonic stem (ES) cell-specific transcription factor required to regulate ES cell pluripotency. Binds telomeres and plays a key role in genomic stability in ES cells by regulating telomere elongation. Acts as an activator of spontaneous telomere sister chromatid exchange (T-SCE) and telomere elongation in undifferentiated ES cells. (506 aa) | ||||
| Spopfm2 | Speckle-type BTB/POZ protein family member 2. (357 aa) | ||||
| Tmem92 | Transmembrane protein 92. (162 aa) | ||||
| Gm4027 | Predicted gene 4027. (144 aa) | ||||
| Uhrf1 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase UHRF1; Multidomain protein that acts as a key epigenetic regulator by bridging DNA methylation and chromatin modification. Specifically recognizes and binds hemimethylated DNA at replication forks via its YDG domain and recruits DNMT1 methyltransferase to ensure faithful propagation of the DNA methylation patterns through DNA replication. In addition to its role in maintenance of DNA methylation, also plays a key role in chromatin modification: through its tudor-like regions and PHD-type zinc fingers, specifically recognizes and binds histone H3 trimethylate [...] (782 aa) | ||||
| Tdpoz1 | TD and POZ domain-containing protein 1. (365 aa) | ||||
| Duxf3 | Double homeobox family member 3. (674 aa) | ||||
| Zscan4b | Zinc finger and SCAN domain-containing 4B. (505 aa) | ||||
| Atr | Serine/threonine-protein kinase ATR; Serine/threonine protein kinase which activates checkpoint signaling upon genotoxic stresses such as ionizing radiation (IR), ultraviolet light (UV), or DNA replication stalling, thereby acting as a DNA damage sensor. Recognizes the substrate consensus sequence [ST]- Q. Phosphorylates BRCA1, CHEK1, MCM2, RAD17, RPA2, SMC1 and p53/TP53, which collectively inhibit DNA replication and mitosis and promote DNA repair, recombination and apoptosis. Phosphorylates Ser-139 of histone variant H2AX at sites of DNA damage, thereby regulating DNA damage response [...] (2641 aa) | ||||
| Gm2022 | Predicted pseudogene 2022; Seems to be required for maximal rate of protein biosynthesis. Enhances ribosome dissociation into subunits and stabilizes the binding of the initiator Met-tRNA(I) to 40 S ribosomal subunits. (144 aa) | ||||
| Tcstv3 | 2-cell-stage, variable group, member 3. (169 aa) | ||||
| Isy1 | Pre-mRNA-splicing factor ISY1 homolog; Component of the spliceosome C complex required for the selective processing of microRNAs (miRNAs) during embryonic stem cell differentiation. Required for the biogenesis of all miRNAs from the pri-miR-17-92 primary transcript except miR-92a. Only required for the biogenesis of miR-290 and miR-96 from the pri-miR-290-295 and pri-miR-96-183 primary transcripts, respectively. Required during the transition of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) from the naive to primed state. By enhancing miRNA biogenesis, promotes exit of ESCs from the naive state to an in [...] (285 aa) | ||||
| Nanog | Homeobox protein NANOG; Transcription regulator involved in inner cell mass and embryonic stem (ES) cells proliferation and self-renewal. Imposes pluripotency on ES cells and prevents their differentiation towards extraembryonic endoderm and trophectoderm lineages. Blocks bone morphogenetic protein-induced mesoderm differentiation of ES cells by physically interacting with SMAD1 and interfering with the recruitment of coactivators to the active SMAD transcriptional complexes. Acts as a transcriptional activator or repressor. Binds optimally to the DNA consensus sequence 5'- TAAT[GT][GT [...] (305 aa) | ||||
| Ctcf | Transcriptional repressor CTCF; Chromatin binding factor that binds to DNA sequence specific sites. Involved in transcriptional regulation by binding to chromatin insulators and preventing interaction between promoter and nearby enhancers and silencers. Acts as transcriptional repressor binding to promoters of vertebrate MYC gene and BAG1 gene. Also binds to the PLK and PIM1 promoters. Acts as a transcriptional activator of APP. Regulates APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene cluster and controls MHC class II gene expression. Plays an essential role in oocyte and preimplantation embryo development by ac [...] (736 aa) | ||||
| Trim28 | Transcription intermediary factor 1-beta; Nuclear corepressor for KRAB domain-containing zinc finger proteins (KRAB-ZFPs). Mediates gene silencing by recruiting CHD3, a subunit of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylation (NuRD) complex, and SETDB1 (which specifically methylates histone H3 at 'Lys-9' (H3K9me)) to the promoter regions of KRAB target genes. Enhances transcriptional repression by coordinating the increase in H3K9me, the decrease in histone H3 'Lys-9 and 'Lys-14' acetylation (H3K9ac and H3K14ac, respectively) and the disposition of HP1 proteins to silence gene expression [...] (834 aa) | ||||
| Dnmt1 | DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1; Methylates CpG residues. Preferentially methylates hemimethylated DNA. Associates with DNA replication sites in S phase maintaining the methylation pattern in the newly synthesized strand, that is essential for epigenetic inheritance. Associates with chromatin during G2 and M phases to maintain DNA methylation independently of replication. It is responsible for maintaining methylation patterns established in development. DNA methylation is coordinated with methylation of histones. Mediates transcriptional repression by direct binding to HDAC2. In a [...] (1620 aa) | ||||
| Zfp750 | Zinc finger protein 750; Transcription factor involved in epidermis differentiation. Required for terminal epidermal differentiation: acts downstream of p63/TP63 and activates expression of late epidermal differentiation genes. Specifically binds to the promoter of KLF4 and promotes its expression (By similarity). (703 aa) | ||||
| Sp110 | Sp110 nuclear body protein; May act as a transcription factor. Plays a role in the innate immunity against intracellular pathogens. Required for resistance to M.tuberculosis and L.monocytogenes. Promotes apoptosis of infected cells. (445 aa) | ||||
| Ctcfl | Transcriptional repressor CTCFL; Testis-specific DNA binding protein responsible for insulator function, nuclear architecture and transcriptional control, which probably acts by recruiting epigenetic chromatin modifiers. Plays a key role in gene imprinting in male germline, by participating in the establishment of differential methylation at the IGF2/H19 imprinted control region (ICR). Directly binds the unmethylated H19 ICR and recruits the PRMT7 methyltransferase, leading to methylate histone H4 'Arg-3' to form H4R3sme2. This probably leads to recruit de novo DNA methyltransferases a [...] (636 aa) | ||||
| Sox2 | Transcription factor SOX-2; Transcription factor that forms a trimeric complex with POU5F1 (OCT3/4) on DNA and controls the expression of a number of genes involved in embryonic development such as YES1, FGF4, UTF1 and ZFP206. Binds to the proximal enhancer region of NANOG. Critical for early embryogenesis and for embryonic stem cell pluripotency (By similarity). Downstream SRRT target that mediates the promotion of neural stem cell self-renewal. Keeps neural cells undifferentiated by counteracting the activity of proneural proteins and suppresses neuronal differentiation (By similarit [...] (319 aa) | ||||
| Puf60 | Poly(U)-binding-splicing factor PUF60; DNA- and RNA-binding protein, involved in several nuclear processes such as pre-mRNA splicing, apoptosis and transcription regulation. In association with FUBP1 regulates MYC transcription at the P2 promoter through the core-TFIIH basal transcription factor. Acts as a transcriptional repressor through the core-TFIIH basal transcription factor. Represses FUBP1-induced transcriptional activation but not basal transcription. Decreases ERCC3 helicase activity. Is also involved in pre-mRNA splicing. Promotes splicing of an intron with weak 3'-splice si [...] (564 aa) | ||||
| Gm5662 | Predicted gene, EG435337; Seems to be required for maximal rate of protein biosynthesis. Enhances ribosome dissociation into subunits and stabilizes the binding of the initiator Met-tRNA(I) to 40 S ribosomal subunits. (144 aa) | ||||
| Snrpb | Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein-associated protein B; Plays role in pre-mRNA splicing as core component of the SMN- Sm complex that mediates spliceosomal snRNP assembly and as component of the spliceosomal U1, U2, U4 and U5 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), the building blocks of the spliceosome (By similarity). Component of both the pre-catalytic spliceosome B complex and activated spliceosome C complexes. Is also a component of the minor U12 spliceosome (By similarity). As part of the U7 snRNP it is involved in histone pre-mRNA 3'-end processing. (231 aa) | ||||
| H3c6 | H3 clustered histone 6. (136 aa) | ||||
| Sf3b5 | Splicing factor 3B subunit 5; Involved in pre-mRNA splicing as a component of the splicing factor SF3B complex, a constituent of the spliceosome. SF3B complex is required for 'A' complex assembly formed by the stable binding of U2 snRNP to the branchpoint sequence (BPS) in pre-mRNA. Sequence independent binding of SF3A/SF3B complex upstream of the branch site is essential, it may anchor U2 snRNP to the pre-mRNA. (86 aa) | ||||
| Kdm1a | Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1A; Histone demethylase that can demethylate both 'Lys-4' (H3K4me) and 'Lys-9' (H3K9me) of histone H3, thereby acting as a coactivator or a corepressor, depending on the context. Acts by oxidizing the substrate by FAD to generate the corresponding imine that is subsequently hydrolyzed. Acts as a corepressor by mediating demethylation of H3K4me, a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation. Demethylates both mono- (H3K4me1) and di-methylated (H3K4me2) H3K4me. May play a role in the repression of neuronal genes. Alone, it is unable to demet [...] (873 aa) | ||||
| Zfp352 | Zinc finger protein 352. (551 aa) | ||||