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| | Syna | Transmembrane protein; This endogenous retroviral envelope protein has retained its original fusogenic properties. Together with Synb, participates in trophoblast fusion and the formation of a syncytium during placenta morphogenesis. Syna is essential for placental development and is specifically required for formation of syncytiotrophoblast layer I (SynT-I). Promotes muscle myoblast fusion. Does not have immunosuppressive activity. (617 aa) |
| | Ms4a1 | B-lymphocyte antigen CD20; B-lymphocyte-specific membrane protein that plays a role in the regulation of cellular calcium influx necessary for the development, differentiation, and activation of B-lymphocytes. Functions as a store-operated calcium (SOC) channel component promoting calcium influx after activation by the B-cell receptor/BCR. Belongs to the MS4A family. (291 aa) |
| | Ms4a2 | High affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit beta; High affinity receptor that binds to the Fc region of immunoglobulins epsilon. Aggregation of FCER1 by multivalent antigens is required for the full mast cell response, including the release of preformed mediators (such as histamine) by degranulation and de novo production of lipid mediators and cytokines. Also mediates the secretion of important lymphokines. Binding of allergen to receptor- bound IgE leads to cell activation and the release of mediators responsible for the manifestations of allergy. Belongs to the MS4A family. (235 aa) |
| | Tap1 | Antigen peptide transporter 1; Involved in the transport of antigens from the cytoplasm to the endoplasmic reticulum for association with MHC class I molecules. Also acts as a molecular scaffold for the final stage of MHC class I folding, namely the binding of peptide. Nascent MHC class I molecules associate with TAP via tapasin (By similarity); Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCB family. MHC peptide exporter (TC 3.A.1.209) subfamily. (724 aa) |
| | Tgif1 | Homeobox protein TGIF1; Binds to a retinoid X receptor (RXR) responsive element from the cellular retinol-binding protein II promoter (CRBPII-RXRE). Inhibits the 9-cis-retinoic acid-dependent RXR alpha transcription activation of the retinoic acid responsive element. May participate in the transmission of nuclear signals during development and in the adult, as illustrated by the down-modulation of the RXR alpha activities (By similarity); Belongs to the TALE/TGIF homeobox family. (305 aa) |
| | Fcgr3 | Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III; Receptor for the Fc region of complexed immunoglobulins gamma. Low affinity receptor which binds to IgG1, IgG2a and IgG2b. Mediates neutrophil activation by IgG complexes redundantly with Fcgr4. (267 aa) |
| | Ccr2 | C-C chemokine receptor type 2; Key functional receptor for CCL2 but can also bind CCL7 and CCL12 chemokines. Its binding with CCL2 on monocytes and macrophages mediates chemotaxis and migration induction through the activation of the PI3K cascade, the small G protein Rac and lamellipodium protrusion (By similarity). Also acts as a receptor for the beta-defensin DEFB106A/DEFB106B (By similarity). Regulates the expression of T-cell inflammatory cytokines and T-cell differentiation, promoting the differentiation of T-cells into T-helper 17 cells (Th17) during inflammation. Facilitates the [...] (373 aa) |
| | Psmb9 | Proteasome subunit beta type-9; The proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity. This subunit is involved in antigen processing to generate class I binding peptides. Contributes to NFKBIA degradation and subsequently NFKB1 generation; Belongs to the peptidase T1B family. (219 aa) |
| | H2-D1 | H-2 class I histocompatibility antigen, D-B alpha chain; Involved in the presentation of foreign antigens to the immune system; Belongs to the MHC class I family. (362 aa) |
| | Ptprc | Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C; Protein tyrosine-protein phosphatase required for T-cell activation through the antigen receptor. Acts as a positive regulator of T-cell coactivation upon binding to DPP4. The first PTPase domain has enzymatic activity, while the second one seems to affect the substrate specificity of the first one. Upon T-cell activation, recruits and dephosphorylates SKAP1 and FYN (By similarity). Dephosphorylates LYN, and thereby modulates LYN activity. (1293 aa) |
| | Dvl2 | Segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-2; Plays a role in the signal transduction pathways mediated by multiple Wnt genes. Participates both in canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling by binding to the cytoplasmic C-terminus of frizzled family members and transducing the Wnt signal to down-stream effectors. Promotes internalization and degradation of frizzled proteins upon Wnt signaling. (736 aa) |
| | Ly6g | Lymphocyte antigen 6G. (134 aa) |
| | Stat1 | Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1; Signal transducer and transcription activator that mediates cellular responses to interferons (IFNs), cytokine KITLG/SCF and other cytokines and other growth factors. Following type I IFN (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta) binding to cell surface receptors, signaling via protein kinases leads to activation of Jak kinases (TYK2 and JAK1) and to tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT2. The phosphorylated STATs dimerize and associate with ISGF3G/IRF-9 to form a complex termed ISGF3 transcription factor, that enters the nucleus. ISGF3 binds to [...] (755 aa) |
| | Cd19 | B-lymphocyte antigen CD19; Functions as coreceptor for the B-cell antigen receptor complex (BCR) on B-lymphocytes. Decreases the threshold for activation of downstream signaling pathways and for triggering B-cell responses to antigens (By similarity). Activates signaling pathways that lead to the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and the mobilization of intracellular Ca(2+) stores. Is not required for early steps during B cell differentiation in the blood marrow. Required for normal differentiation of B-1 cells. Required for normal B cell differentiation and proliferation in [...] (547 aa) |
| | Il18 | Interleukin-18; A proinflammatory cytokine primarily involved in polarized T- helper 1 (Th1) cell and natural killer (NK) cell immune responses. Upon binding to IL18R1 and IL18RAP, forms a signaling ternary complex which activates NF-kappa-B, triggering synthesis of inflammatory mediators. Synergizes with IL12/interleukin-12 to induce IFNG synthesis from T- helper 1 (Th1) cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Belongs to the IL-1 family. (192 aa) |
| | H2-Eb1 | H-2 class II histocompatibility antigen, E-B beta chain; Belongs to the MHC class II family. (264 aa) |
| | Ccl2 | C-C motif chemokine 2; Acts as a ligand for C-C chemokine receptor CCR2 (By similarity). Signals through binding and activation of CCR2 and induces a strong chemotactic response and mobilization of intracellular calcium ions (By similarity). Exhibits a chemotactic activity for monocytes and basophils but not neutrophils or eosinophils (By similarity). Plays an important role in mediating peripheral nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain. Increases NMDA-mediated synaptic transmission in both dopamine D1 and D2 receptor-containing neurons, which may be caused by MAPK/ERK-dependent phospho [...] (148 aa) |
| | Ccl12 | C-C motif chemokine 12; Chemotactic factor that attracts eosinophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes but not neutrophils. Potent monocyte active chemokine that signals through CCR2. Involved in allergic inflammation and the host response to pathogens and may play a pivotal role during early stages of allergic lung inflammation; Belongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family. (104 aa) |
| | Il4 | Interleukin-4; Participates in at least several B-cell activation processes as well as of other cell types. It is a costimulator of DNA-synthesis. It induces the expression of class II MHC molecules on resting B-cells. It enhances both secretion and cell surface expression of IgE and IgG1. It also regulates the expression of the low affinity Fc receptor for IgE (CD23) on both lymphocytes and monocytes. Positively regulates IL31RA expression in macrophages. Stimulates autophagy in dendritic cells by interfering with mTORC1 signaling and through the induction of RUFY4. Belongs to the IL- [...] (140 aa) |
| | Ccl3 | C-C motif chemokine 3; Monokine with inflammatory, pyrogenic and chemokinetic properties. Has a potent chemotactic activity for eosinophils. Binding to a high-affinity receptor activates calcium release in neutrophils; Belongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family. (92 aa) |
| | Il16 | Pro-interleukin-16; Interleukin-16 stimulates a migratory response in CD4+ lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils. Primes CD4+ T-cells for IL-2 and IL-15 responsiveness. Also induces T-lymphocyte expression of interleukin 2 receptor. Ligand for CD4. Isoform 2 is involved in cell cycle progression in T-cells. Appears to be involved in transcriptional regulation of SKP2 and is probably part of a transcriptional repression complex on the core promoter of the SKP2 gene. May act as a scaffold for GABPB1 (the DNA- binding subunit the GABP transcription factor complex) and HDAC3 thus maintai [...] (1322 aa) |
| | Spi1 | Transcription factor PU.1; Binds to the PU-box, a purine-rich DNA sequence (5'-GAGGAA- 3') that can act as a lymphoid-specific enhancer. This protein is a transcriptional activator that may be specifically involved in the differentiation or activation of macrophages or B-cells. Also binds RNA and may modulate pre-mRNA splicing. (272 aa) |
| | Ccl24 | C-C motif chemokine 24; Chemotactic for resting T-lymphocytes, and eosinophils. Has lower chemotactic activity for neutrophils but none for monocytes and activated lymphocytes. Binds to CCR3 (By similarity); Belongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family. (119 aa) |
| | Ncr1 | Natural cytotoxicity triggering receptor 1; Cytotoxicity-activating receptor that may contribute to the increased efficiency of activated natural killer (NK) cells to mediate tumor cell lysis. (325 aa) |
| | Ctnnb1 | Catenin beta-1; Key downstream component of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. In the absence of Wnt, forms a complex with AXIN1, AXIN2, APC, CSNK1A1 and GSK3B that promotes phosphorylation on N-terminal Ser and Thr residues and ubiquitination of CTNNB1 via BTRC and its subsequent degradation by the proteasome. In the presence of Wnt ligand, CTNNB1 is not ubiquitinated and accumulates in the nucleus, where it acts as a coactivator for transcription factors of the TCF/LEF family, leading to activate Wnt responsive genes. Involved in the regulation of cell adhesion, as component of an [...] (781 aa) |
| | Ccl8 | C-C motif chemokine 8; Chemotactic factor that attracts monocytes. This protein can bind heparin (By similarity). (97 aa) |
| | Pax5 | Paired box protein Pax-5; May play an important role in B-cell differentiation as well as neural development and spermatogenesis. Involved in the regulation of the CD19 gene, a B-lymphoid-specific target gene. (391 aa) |
| | Notch4 | Neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 4; Functions as a receptor for membrane-bound ligands Jagged1, Jagged2 and Delta1 to regulate cell-fate determination. Upon ligand activation through the released notch intracellular domain (NICD) it forms a transcriptional activator complex with RBPJ/RBPSUH and activates genes of the enhancer of split locus. Affects the implementation of differentiation, proliferation and apoptotic programs (By similarity). May regulate branching morphogenesis in the developing vascular system. (1964 aa) |
| | Il10 | Interleukin-10; Major immune regulatory cytokine that acts on many cells of the immune system where it has profound anti-inflammatory functions, limiting excessive tissue disruption caused by inflammation. Mechanistically, IL10 binds to its heterotetrameric receptor comprising IL10RA and IL10RB leading to JAK1 and STAT2-mediated phosphorylation of STAT3. In turn, STAT3 translocates to the nucleus where it drives expression of anti-inflammatory mediators. Targets antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as macrophages and monocytes and inhibits their release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in [...] (178 aa) |
| | Cxcl16 | C-X-C motif chemokine 16; Induces a strong chemotactic response. Induces calcium mobilization. Binds to CXCR6/Bonzo. Also acts as a scavenger receptor on macrophages, which specifically binds to OxLDL (oxidized low density lipoprotein), suggesting that it may be involved in pathophysiology such as atherogenesis; Belongs to the intercrine alpha (chemokine CxC) family. (246 aa) |
| | Ccl6 | C-C motif chemokine 6; CCL6(22-95) and CCL6(23-95) are potent chemoattractants. Belongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family. (116 aa) |
| | Ccl4 | C-C motif chemokine 4; Monokine with inflammatory and chemokinetic properties. (92 aa) |
| | Ccl9 | C-C motif chemokine 9; Monokine with inflammatory, pyrogenic and chemokinetic properties. Circulates at high concentrations in the blood of healthy animals. Binding to a high-affinity receptor activates calcium release in neutrophils. It also inhibits colony formation of bone marrow myeloid immature progenitors; Belongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family. (122 aa) |
| | Ifngr1 | Interferon gamma receptor 1; Associates with IFNGR2 to form a receptor for the cytokine interferon gamma (IFNG). Ligand binding stimulates activation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway (By similarity). (477 aa) |
| | Il13 | Interleukin-13; Cytokine. Inhibits inflammatory cytokine production. Synergizes with IL2 in regulating interferon-gamma synthesis. May be critical in regulating inflammatory and immune responses (By similarity). Positively regulates IL31RA expression in macrophages ; Belongs to the IL-4/IL-13 family. (131 aa) |
| | Ccl7 | C-C motif chemokine 7; Chemotactic factor that attracts monocytes and eosinophils, but not neutrophils. Augments monocyte anti-tumor activity (By similarity). (97 aa) |
| | Ciita | MHC class II transactivator; Essential for transcriptional activity of the HLA class II promoter; activation is via the proximal promoter. No DNA binding of in vitro translated CIITA was detected. May act in a coactivator-like fashion through protein-protein interactions by contacting factors binding to the proximal MHC class II promoter, to elements of the transcription machinery, or both. Alternatively it may activate HLA class II transcription by modifying proteins that bind to the MHC class II promoter. Also mediates enhanced MHC class I transcription, the promoter element requirem [...] (1078 aa) |
| | Ifngr2 | Interferon gamma receptor 2. (332 aa) |
| | Ifnar1 | Interferon alpha/beta receptor 1; Component of the receptor for type I interferons, including interferons alpha, IFNB1 and IFNW1. Functions in general as heterodimer with IFNAR2 (By similarity). Type I interferon binding activates the JAK-STAT signaling cascade, and triggers tyrosine phosphorylation of a number of proteins including JAKs, TYK2, STAT proteins and the IFNR alpha- and beta- subunits themselves. Can form an active IFNB1 receptor by itself and activate a signaling cascade that does not involve activation of the JAK-STAT pathway. Contributes to modulate the innate immune res [...] (590 aa) |
| | Cd4 | T-cell surface glycoprotein CD4; Integral membrane glycoprotein that plays an essential role in the immune response and serves multiple functions in responses against both external and internal offenses. In T-cells, functions primarily as a coreceptor for MHC class II molecule:peptide complex. The antigens presented by class II peptides are derived from extracellular proteins while class I peptides are derived from cytosolic proteins. Interacts simultaneously with the T-cell receptor (TCR) and the MHC class II presented by antigen presenting cells (APCs). In turn, recruits the Src kina [...] (457 aa) |
| | Zeb1 | Zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1; Acts as a transcriptional repressor. Binds to E-box sequences in the immunoglobulin heavy chain enhancer as well as in the regulatory regions of many other tissue-specific genes. Represses E-cadherin promoter and induces an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by recruiting SMARCA4/BRG1. Represses BCL6 transcription in the presence of the corepressor CTBP1 (By similarity). Positively regulates neuronal differentiation. Represses RCOR1 transcription activation during neurogenesis. Represses transcription by binding to the E box (5'- CANNTG-3'). P [...] (1117 aa) |
| | Tapbp | Tapasin; Involved in the association of MHC class I with transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) and in the assembly of MHC class I with peptide (peptide loading). (466 aa) |
| | H2-K1 | H-2 class I histocompatibility antigen, K-B alpha chain; Involved in the presentation of foreign antigens to the immune system; Belongs to the MHC class I family. (369 aa) |
| | Psmb8 | Proteasome subunit beta type-8; The proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity. This subunit is involved in antigen processing to generate class I binding peptides. May participate in the inflammatory response pathway. Required for adipocyte differentiation. May be involved in the generation of spliced peptides resulting from the ligation of two separate proteasomal cleava [...] (276 aa) |
| | Tap2 | Antigen peptide transporter 2; Involved in the transport of antigens from the cytoplasm to the endoplasmic reticulum for association with MHC class I molecules. Also acts as a molecular scaffold for the final stage of MHC class I folding, namely the binding of peptide. Nascent MHC class I molecules associate with TAP via tapasin (By similarity); Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCB family. MHC peptide exporter (TC 3.A.1.209) subfamily. (702 aa) |
| | Tnf | Tumor necrosis factor, membrane form; Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation (By similarity). Induces insulin resistance in adipocytes via inhibition of insulin-induced IRS1 tyrosine phosphorylation and insulin-induced glucose uptake. Induces [...] (235 aa) |
| | Il33 | Interleukin-33(102-266); Cytokine that binds to and signals through the IL1RL1/ST2 receptor which in turn activates NF-kappa-B and MAPK signaling pathways in target cells. Involved in the maturation of Th2 cells inducing the secretion of T-helper type 2-associated cytokines. Also involved in activation of mast cells, basophils, eosinophils and natural killer cells. Acts as a chemoattractant for Th2 cells, and may function as an 'alarmin', that amplifies immune responses during tissue injury; Belongs to the IL-1 family. Highly divergent. (266 aa) |
| | Irf7 | Interferon regulatory factor 7; Key transcriptional regulator of type I interferon (IFN)- dependent immune responses and plays a critical role in the innate immune response against DNA and RNA viruses. Regulates the transcription of type I IFN genes (IFN-alpha and IFN- beta) and IFN-stimulated genes (ISG) by binding to an interferon- stimulated response element (ISRE) in their promoters. Can efficiently activate both the IFN-beta (IFNB) and the IFN-alpha (IFNA) genes and mediate their induction via both the virus-activated, MyD88-independent pathway and the TLR-activated, MyD88-depende [...] (457 aa) |
| | Il6 | Interleukin-6; Cytokine with a wide variety of biological functions. It is a potent inducer of the acute phase response. Plays an essential role in the final differentiation of B-cells into Ig-secreting cells Involved in lymphocyte and monocyte differentiation. Acts on B-cells, T-cells, hepatocytes, hematopoietic progenitor cells and cells of the CNS. Required for the generation of T(H)17 cells. Also acts as a myokine. It is discharged into the bloodstream after muscle contraction and acts to increase the breakdown of fats and to improve insulin resistance. It induces myeloma and plasm [...] (211 aa) |
| | Fcgr2b | Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II; Receptor for the Fc region of complexed immunoglobulins gamma. Low affinity receptor. Involved in a variety of effector and regulatory functions such as phagocytosis of antigen-antibody complexes from the circulation and modulation of antibody production by B-cells. Isoform IIB1 and isoform IIB1' form caps but fail to mediate endocytosis or phagocytosis. Isoform IIB2 can mediate the endocytosis of soluble immune complexes via clathrin-coated pits. Isoform IIB1 and isoform IIB2 can down-regulate B-cell, T-cell, and mast cell activ [...] (340 aa) |
| | Siglec1 | Sialoadhesin; Acts as an endocytic receptor mediating clathrin dependent endocytosis. Macrophage-restricted adhesion molecule that mediates sialic-acid dependent binding to lymphocytes, including granulocytes, monocytes, natural killer cells, B-cells and CD8 T-cells (By similarity). Preferentially binds to alpha-2,3-linked sialic acid. Binds to SPN/CD43 on T-cells. May play a role in hematopoiesis. May act as a counter-receptor for CLEC10A in lymph node. (1701 aa) |
| | Il1b | Interleukin-1 beta; Potent proinflammatory cytokine. Initially discovered as the major endogenous pyrogen, induces prostaglandin synthesis, neutrophil influx and activation, T-cell activation and cytokine production, B- cell activation and antibody production, and fibroblast proliferation and collagen production. Promotes Th17 differentiation of T-cells. Synergizes with IL12/interleukin-12 to induce IFNG synthesis from T- helper 1 (Th1) cells; Belongs to the IL-1 family. (269 aa) |
| | Il1a | Interleukin-1 alpha; Produced by activated macrophages, IL-1 stimulates thymocyte proliferation by inducing IL-2 release, B-cell maturation and proliferation, and fibroblast growth factor activity. IL-1 proteins are involved in the inflammatory response, being identified as endogenous pyrogens, and are reported to stimulate the release of prostaglandin and collagenase from synovial cells. (270 aa) |
| | Zbtb46 | Zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 46; Functions as a transcriptional repressor for PRDM1. (600 aa) |
| | Skil | Ski-like protein; May have regulatory role in cell division or differentiation in response to extracellular signals; Belongs to the SKI family. (675 aa) |
| | Cxcl15 | C-X-C motif chemokine 15; Chemotactic for neutrophils. Involved in lung-specific neutrophil trafficking during normal and inflammatory conditions. (167 aa) |
| | Il31 | Interleukin-31; Activates STAT3 and possibly STAT1 and STAT5 through the IL31 heterodimeric receptor composed of IL31RA and OSMR. May function in skin immunity. Enhances myeloid progenitor cell survival in vitro. Induces RETNLA and serum amyloid A protein expression in macrophages. (163 aa) |
| | Il15 | Interleukin-15; Cytokine that stimulates the proliferation of T-lymphocytes. Stimulation by IL-15 requires interaction of IL-15 with components of IL-2R, including IL-2R beta and probably IL-2R gamma but not IL-2R alpha (By similarity). In neutrophils, stimulates phagocytosis probably by signaling through the IL15 receptor, composed of the subunits IL15RA, IL2RB and IL2RG, which results in kinase SYK activation (By similarity); Belongs to the IL-15/IL-21 family. (162 aa) |
| | Psmb10 | Proteasome subunit beta type-10; The proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity. This subunit is involved in antigen processing to generate class I binding peptides. Plays a role in determining the T-cell repertoire for an antiviral T-cell response; Belongs to the peptidase T1B family. (273 aa) |
| | Myd88 | Myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88; Adapter protein involved in the Toll-like receptor and IL-1 receptor signaling pathway in the innate immune response. Acts via IRAK1, IRAK2, IRF7 and TRAF6, leading to NF- kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. Increases IL-8 transcription. Involved in IL-18-mediated signaling pathway. Isoform 2 is defective in its ability to induce IRAK phosphorylation and NF- kappa-B activation and can function as a negative regulator of activation by IL-1 or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Activates IRF1 resulting in it [...] (296 aa) |
| | H2-DMa | Class II histocompatibility antigen, M alpha chain; Plays a critical role in catalyzing the release of class II HLA-associated invariant chain-derived peptides (CLIP) from newly synthesized class II HLA molecules and freeing the peptide binding site for acquisition of antigenic peptides. (261 aa) |
| | Ccl5 | C-C motif chemokine 5; Chemoattractant for blood monocytes, memory T-helper cells and eosinophils. Causes the release of histamine from basophils and activates eosinophils. May activate several chemokine receptors including CCR1, CCR3, CCR4 and CCR5. May also be an agonist of the G protein-coupled receptor GPR75. Together with GPR75, may play a role in neuron survival through activation of a downstream signaling pathway involving the PI3, Akt and MAP kinases. By activating GPR75 may also play a role in insulin secretion by islet cells. Belongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family. (91 aa) |
| | Irf8 | Interferon regulatory factor 8; Plays a role as a transcriptional activator or repressor (By similarity). Specifically binds to the upstream regulatory region of type I IFN and IFN-inducible MHC class I genes (the interferon consensus sequence (ICS)). Plays a negative regulatory role in cells of the immune system. Involved in CD8(+) dendritic cell differentiation by forming a complex with the BATF-JUNB heterodimer in immune cells, leading to recognition of AICE sequence (5'-TGAnTCA/GAAA-3'), an immune-specific regulatory element, followed by cooperative binding of BATF and IRF8 and act [...] (424 aa) |
| | H2-Aa | H-2 class II histocompatibility antigen, A-B alpha chain. (256 aa) |
| | Il17f | Interleukin-17F; Ligand for IL17RA and IL17RC. The heterodimer formed by IL17A and IL17F is a ligand for the heterodimeric complex formed by IL17RA and IL17RC (By similarity). Involved in stimulating the production of other cytokines such as IL6, IL8 and CSF2, and in regulation of cartilage matrix turnover. Also involved in stimulating the proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and T-cells and in inhibition of angiogenesis (By similarity). Plays a role in the induction of neutrophilia in the lungs and in the exacerbation of antigen-induced pulmonary allergic inflammation. [...] (161 aa) |
| | Tapbpl | Tapasin-related protein; Component of the antigen processing and presentation pathway, which binds to MHC class I coupled with beta2-microglobulin/B2M. Association between TAPBPR and MHC class I occurs in the absence of a functional peptide-loading complex (PLC). Expression seems to slow down and down-regulate MHC class I surface expression. (451 aa) |
| | Cxcl10 | C-X-C motif chemokine 10; Pro-inflammatory cytokine that is involved in a wide variety of processes such as chemotaxis, differentiation, and activation of peripheral immune cells, regulation of cell growth, apoptosis and modulation of angiostatic effects (By similarity). Plays thereby an important role during viral infections by stimulating the activation and migration of immune cells to the infected sites. Mechanistically, binding of CXCL10 to the CXCR3 receptor activates G protein-mediated signaling and results in downstream activation of phospholipase C- dependent pathway, an increa [...] (98 aa) |
| | Il17c | Interleukin-17C; Cytokine that plays a crucial role in innate immunity of the epithelium, including to intestinal bacterial pathogens, in an autocrine manner. Stimulates the production of antibacterial peptides and proinflammatory molecules for host defense by signaling through the NFKB and MAPK pathways. Acts synergically with IL22, TNF and IL1B in inducing antibacterial peptides. May have protective function by maintaining epithelial homeostasis after an inflammatory challenge, such as that caused in the intestine by dextran sulfate sodium in a colitis model. May also promote an infl [...] (182 aa) |
| | Ifnb1 | Interferon beta; Has antiviral, antibacterial and anticancer activities; Belongs to the alpha/beta interferon family. (182 aa) |
| | H2-Eb2 | Histocompatibility 2, class II antigen E beta2. (287 aa) |
| | Siglech | Sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin H. (309 aa) |
| | Synb | Transmembrane protein; This endogenous retroviral envelope protein has retained its original fusogenic properties. Together with Syna, participates in trophoblast fusion and the formation of a syncytium during placenta morphogenesis. Synb is specifically involved in formation of syncytiotrophoblast layer II (SynT-II). Promotes myoblast fusion, and may play a role in regeneration of damaged muscle tissue in males. May have immunosuppressive activity. (618 aa) |
| | Cgas | Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase; Nucleotidyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) from ATP and GTP and plays a key role in innate immunity. Catalysis involves both the formation of a 2',5' phosphodiester linkage at the GpA step and the formation of a 3',5' phosphodiester linkage at the ApG step, producing c[G(2',5')pA(3',5')p]. Acts as a key cytosolic DNA sensor, the presence of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) in the cytoplasm being a danger signal that triggers the immune responses. Binds cytosolic DNA directly, leading to activation and synthesis of cGAMP, a second m [...] (507 aa) |
| | Ifng | Interferon gamma; Produced by lymphocytes activated by specific antigens or mitogens. IFN-gamma, in addition to having antiviral activity, has important immunoregulatory functions. It is a potent activator of macrophages, it has antiproliferative effects on transformed cells and it can potentiate the antiviral and antitumor effects of the type I interferons. (155 aa) |
| | H2-Q1 | Histocompatibility 2, Q region locus 1; Belongs to the MHC class I family. (368 aa) |
| | Klf10 | Krueppel-like factor 10; Transcriptional repressor which binds to the consensus sequence 5'-GGTGTG-3'. May play a role in the cell cycle regulation (By similarity). Plays a role in the regulation of the circadian clock; binds to the GC box sequence in the promoter of the core clock component ARTNL/BMAL1 and represses its transcriptional activity. Regulates the circadian expression of genes involved in lipogenesis, gluconeogenesis, and glycolysis in the liver. Represses the expression of PCK2, a rate-limiting step enzyme of gluconeogenesis. Belongs to the Sp1 C2H2-type zinc-finger prote [...] (479 aa) |
| | H2-Q2 | Histocompatibility 2, Q region locus 2; Belongs to the MHC class I family. (360 aa) |
| | H2-Q4 | Histocompatibility 2, Q region locus 4; Belongs to the MHC class I family. (354 aa) |
| | Tlr9 | Toll-like receptor 9; Key component of innate and adaptive immunity. TLRs (Toll- like receptors) control host immune response against pathogens through recognition of molecular patterns specific to microorganisms. TLR9 is a nucleotide-sensing TLR which is activated by unmethylated cytidine- phosphate-guanosine (CpG) dinucleotides. Acts via MYD88 and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. Plays a role in defense against systemic mouse cytomegalovirus infection. Controls lymphocyte response to Helicobacter infection. Upon CpG stimulatio [...] (1032 aa) |
| | Stat2 | Signal transducer and activator of transcription 2; Signal transducer and activator of transcription that mediates signaling by type I IFNs (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta). Following type I IFN binding to cell surface receptors, Jak kinases (TYK2 and JAK1) are activated, leading to tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT2. The phosphorylated STATs dimerize, associate with IRF9/ISGF3G to form a complex termed ISGF3 transcription factor, that enters the nucleus. ISGF3 binds to the IFN stimulated response element (ISRE) to activate the transcription of interferon stimulated genes, which drive [...] (922 aa) |
| | Oas1g | 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase 1G. (367 aa) |
| | Lyz2 | Lysozyme C-2; Lysozymes have primarily a bacteriolytic function; those in tissues and body fluids are associated with the monocyte-macrophage system and enhance the activity of immunoagents. Lyz2 is active against a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. More effective than Lyz1 in killing Gram-negative bacteria. Lyz1 and Lyz2 are equally effective in killing Gram-positive bacteria; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 22 family. (148 aa) |
| | Ifna4 | Interferon alpha-4; Produced by macrophages, IFN-alpha have antiviral activities. Interferon stimulates the production of two enzymes: a protein kinase and an oligoadenylate synthetase; Belongs to the alpha/beta interferon family. (186 aa) |
| | Ifi213 | Interferon-activated gene 213. (135 aa) |
| | Cd74 | H-2 class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain; Plays a critical role in MHC class II antigen processing by stabilizing peptide-free class II alpha/beta heterodimers in a complex soon after their synthesis and directing transport of the complex from the endoplasmic reticulum to compartments where peptide loading of class II takes place. Enhance also the stimulation of T-cell responses through interaction with CD44. (279 aa) |
| | Ly6c2 | Lymphocyte antigen 6C2. (131 aa) |
| | B2m | Beta-2-microglobulin; Component of the class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Involved in the presentation of peptide antigens to the immune system; Belongs to the beta-2-microglobulin family. (119 aa) |
| | H2-T23 | H-2 class I histocompatibility antigen, D-37 alpha chain; Involved in the presentation of foreign antigens to the immune system. (357 aa) |
| | Cd3e | T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 epsilon chain; Part of the TCR-CD3 complex present on T-lymphocyte cell surface that plays an essential role in adaptive immune response. When antigen presenting cells (APCs) activate T-cell receptor (TCR), TCR- mediated signals are transmitted across the cell membrane by the CD3 chains CD3D, CD3E, CD3G and CD3Z. All CD3 chains contain immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) in their cytoplasmic domain. Upon TCR engagement, these motifs become phosphorylated by Src family protein tyrosine kinases LCK and FYN, resulting in the activation o [...] (189 aa) |
| | Klf4 | Krueppel-like factor 4; Transcription factor; can act both as activator and as repressor. Binds the 5'-CACCC-3' core sequence. Binds to the promoter region of its own gene and can activate its own transcription. Regulates the expression of key transcription factors during embryonic development. Plays an important role in maintaining embryonic stem cells, and in preventing their differentiation. Required for establishing the barrier function of the skin and for postnatal maturation and maintenance of the ocular surface. Involved in the differentiation of epithelial cells and may also fu [...] (483 aa) |
| | Ccl27a | Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 27A. (164 aa) |
| | Irf1 | Interferon regulatory factor 1; Transcriptional regulator which displays a remarkable functional diversity in the regulation of cellular responses. These include the regulation of IFN and IFN-inducible genes, host response to viral and bacterial infections, regulation of many genes expressed during hematopoiesis, inflammation, immune responses and cell proliferation and differentiation, regulation of the cell cycle and induction of growth arrest and programmed cell death following DNA damage. Stimulates both innate and acquired immune responses through the activation of specific target [...] (329 aa) |
| | Cxcl9 | C-X-C motif chemokine 9; May be a cytokine that affects the growth, movement, or activation state of cells that participate in immune and inflammatory response. (126 aa) |
| | Tmem173 | Stimulator of interferon genes protein; Facilitator of innate immune signaling that acts as a sensor of cytosolic DNA from bacteria and viruses and promotes the production of type I interferon (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta). Innate immune response is triggered in response to non-CpG double- stranded DNA from viruses and bacteria delivered to the cytoplasm. Acts by binding cyclic dinucleotides: recognizes and binds cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP), a second messenger produced by bacteria, and cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), a messenger produced by CGAS in response to DNA virus in the cytosol. Upon binding of [...] (378 aa) |
| | Irf9 | Interferon regulatory factor 9; Transcription factor that mediates signaling by type I IFNs (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta). Following type I IFN binding to cell surface receptors, Jak kinases (TYK2 and JAK1) are activated, leading to tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT2. IRF9/ISGF3G associates with the phosphorylated STAT1:STAT2 dimer to form a complex termed ISGF3 transcription factor, that enters the nucleus. ISGF3 binds to the IFN stimulated response element (ISRE) to activate the transcription of interferon stimulated genes, which drive the cell in an antiviral state. (465 aa) |
