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| | Pck2 | Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2 (mitochondrial). (641 aa) |
| | Fgf23 | Fibroblast growth factor 23; Regulator of phosphate homeostasis (By similarity). Inhibits renal tubular phosphate transport by reducing SLC34A1 levels (By similarity). Regulator of vitamin-D metabolism (By similarity). Negatively regulates osteoblasts differentiation and matrix mineralization (By similarity). Acts directly on the parathyroid to decrease PTH secretion. Upregulates EGR1 expression in the presence of KL; Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family. (251 aa) |
| | Cyp2w1 | Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily w, polypeptide 1; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (492 aa) |
| | Pla2g4a | Cytosolic phospholipase A2; Selectively hydrolyzes arachidonyl phospholipids in the sn-2 position releasing arachidonic acid. Together with its lysophospholipid activity, it is implicated in the initiation of the inflammatory response. (752 aa) |
| | Nudt19 | Nucleoside diphosphate-linked moiety X motif 19; Acyl-CoA diphosphatase that mediates the hydrolysis of a wide range of CoA esters, including choloyl-CoA and branched-chain fatty- acyl-CoA esters. At low substrate concentrations medium and long-chain fatty-acyl-CoA esters are the primary substrates (By similarity). (357 aa) |
| | Gpcpd1 | Glycerophosphocholine phosphodiesterase GPCPD1; May be involved in the negative regulation of skeletal muscle differentiation, independently of its glycerophosphocholine phosphodiesterase activity. (671 aa) |
| | Asah1 | Acid ceramidase subunit alpha; Lysosomal ceramidase that hydrolyzes sphingolipid ceramides into sphingosine and free fatty acids at acidic pH (By similarity). Ceramides, sphingosine, and its phosphorylated form sphingosine-1- phosphate are bioactive lipids that mediate cellular signaling pathways regulating several biological processes including cell proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation (By similarity). Has a higher catalytic efficiency towards C12-ceramides versus other ceramides (By similarity). Also catalyzes the reverse reaction allowing the synthesis of ceramides from fatt [...] (428 aa) |
| | Apoc3 | Apolipoprotein C-III; Component of triglyceride-rich very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and high density lipoproteins (HDL) in plasma. Plays a multifaceted role in triglyceride homeostasis. Intracellularly, promotes hepatic very low density lipoprotein 1 (VLDL1) assembly and secretion; extracellularly, attenuates hydrolysis and clearance of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs). Impairs the lipolysis of TRLs by inhibiting lipoprotein lipase and the hepatic uptake of TRLs by remnant receptors. Formed of several curved helices connected via semiflexible hinges, so that it can wrap tigh [...] (100 aa) |
| | Gdpd1 | Lysophospholipase D GDPD1; Hydrolyzes lysoglycerophospholipids to produce lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and the corresponding amines. Shows a preference for 1-O-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (lyso-PAF), lysophosphatidylethanolamine (lyso-PE) and lysophosphatidylcholine (lyso-PC). May be involved in bioactive N-acylethanolamine biosynthesis. Does not display glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase activity, since it cannot hydrolyze either glycerophosphoinositol or glycerophosphocholine. (315 aa) |
| | Abhd6 | Monoacylglycerol lipase ABHD6; Lipase that preferentially hydrolysis medium-chain saturated monoacylglycerols including 2-arachidonoylglycerol (By similarity). Through 2-arachidonoylglycerol degradation may regulate endocannabinoid signaling pathways. Also has a lysophosphatidyl lipase activity with a preference for lysophosphatidylglycerol among other lysophospholipids (By similarity). Also able to degrade bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate (BMP) and constitutes the major enzyme for BMP catabolism. BMP, also known as lysobisphosphatidic acid, is enriched in late endosomes and lysosomes and [...] (337 aa) |
| | Lipa | Lysosomal acid lipase/cholesteryl ester hydrolase; Crucial for the intracellular hydrolysis of cholesteryl esters and triglycerides that have been internalized via receptor- mediated endocytosis of lipoprotein particles. Important in mediating the effect of LDL (low density lipoprotein) uptake on suppression of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase and activation of endogenous cellular cholesteryl ester formation (By similarity). (397 aa) |
| | Aoah | Acyloxyacyl hydrolase. (574 aa) |
| | Lipc | Hepatic triacylglycerol lipase; Hepatic lipase has the capacity to catalyze hydrolysis of phospholipids, mono-, di-, and triglycerides, and acyl-CoA thioesters. It is an important enzyme in HDL metabolism. Hepatic lipase binds heparin. (510 aa) |
| | Crot | Peroxisomal carnitine O-octanoyltransferase; Beta-oxidation of fatty acids. The highest activity concerns the C6 to C10 chain length substrate; Belongs to the carnitine/choline acetyltransferase family. (612 aa) |
| | Pla2g12a | Phospholipase A2, group XIIA. (192 aa) |
| | Clps | Colipase; Colipase is a cofactor of pancreatic lipase. It allows the lipase to anchor itself to the lipid-water interface. Without colipase the enzyme is washed off by bile salts, which have an inhibitory effect on the lipase. (112 aa) |
| | Pld1 | Phospholipase D1; Implicated as a critical step in numerous cellular pathways, including signal transduction, membrane trafficking, and the regulation of mitosis. May be involved in the regulation of perinuclear intravesicular membrane traffic (By similarity). (1077 aa) |
| | Pcca | Propionyl-CoA carboxylase alpha chain, mitochondrial; This is one of the 2 subunits of the biotin-dependent propionyl-CoA carboxylase (PCC), a mitochondrial enzyme involved in the catabolism of odd chain fatty acids, branched-chain amino acids isoleucine, threonine, methionine, and valine and other metabolites. Propionyl-CoA carboxylase catalyzes the carboxylation of propionyl- CoA/propanoyl-CoA to D-methylmalonyl-CoA/(S)-methylmalonyl-CoA (By similarity). Within the holoenzyme, the alpha subunit catalyzes the ATP-dependent carboxylation of the biotin carried by the biotin carboxyl car [...] (737 aa) |
| | Asah2 | Neutral ceramidase soluble form; Plasma membrane ceramidase that hydrolyzes sphingolipid ceramides into sphingosine and free fatty acids at neutral pH. Ceramides, sphingosine, and its phosphorylated form sphingosine-1-phosphate are bioactive lipids that mediate cellular signaling pathways regulating several biological processes including cell proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation. Also catalyzes the reverse reaction allowing the synthesis of ceramides from fatty acids and sphingosine. Together with sphingomyelinase, participates in the production of sphingosine and sphingosine-1 [...] (761 aa) |
| | Lipn | Lipase; Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. Lipase family. (380 aa) |
| | Pla2g2c | Group IIC secretory phospholipase A2; PA2 catalyzes the calcium-dependent hydrolysis of the 2-acyl groups in 3-sn-phosphoglycerides; Belongs to the phospholipase A2 family. (158 aa) |
| | Abhd2 | Abhydrolase domain-containing 2. (453 aa) |
| | Hadhb | Trifunctional enzyme subunit beta, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial trifunctional enzyme catalyzes the last three of the four reactions of the mitochondrial beta-oxidation pathway. The mitochondrial beta-oxidation pathway is the major energy-producing process in tissues and is performed through four consecutive reactions breaking down fatty acids into acetyl-CoA. Among the enzymes involved in this pathway, the trifunctional enzyme exhibits specificity for long-chain fatty acids. Mitochondrial trifunctional enzyme is a heterotetrameric complex composed of two proteins, the trifunctional enz [...] (484 aa) |
| | Ywhah | 14-3-3 protein eta; Adapter protein implicated in the regulation of a large spectrum of both general and specialized signaling pathways. Binds to a large number of partners, usually by recognition of a phosphoserine or phosphothreonine motif. Binding generally results in the modulation of the activity of the binding partner. Negatively regulates the kinase activity of PDPK1 (By similarity). (274 aa) |
| | Plce1 | 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase epsilon-1; The production of the second messenger molecules diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) is mediated by activated phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C enzymes. PLCE1 is a bifunctional enzyme which also regulates small GTPases of the Ras superfamily through its Ras guanine-exchange factor (RasGEF) activity. As an effector of heterotrimeric and small G-protein, it may play a role in cell survival, cell growth, actin organization and T- cell activation. (2281 aa) |
| | Pla2g6 | 85/88 kDa calcium-independent phospholipase A2; Catalyzes the release of fatty acids from phospholipids. It has been implicated in normal phospholipid remodeling, nitric oxide- induced or vasopressin-induced arachidonic acid release and in leukotriene and prostaglandin production. May participate in fas mediated apoptosis and in regulating transmembrane ion flux in glucose- stimulated B-cells. Has a role in cardiolipin (CL) deacylation. Required for both speed and directionality of monocyte MCP1/CCL2- induced chemotaxis through regulation of F-actin polymerization at the pseudopods (By [...] (807 aa) |
| | Cyp4f18 | Cytochrome P450 4F3; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of the proinflammatory lipid mediator leukotriene B4 (LTB4). Hydroxylates at the omega-1 and omega-2 positions LTB4. This oxidation step leads to LTB4 inactivation, which is postulated to be a crucial part of the resolution of inflammation. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase). (524 aa) |
| | Gm2a | GM2 ganglioside activator protein. (199 aa) |
| | Pla1a | Phospholipase A1 member A; Hydrolyzes the ester bond at the sn-1 position of glycerophospholipids and produces 2-acyl lysophospholipids. Hydrolyzes phosphatidylserine (PS) in the form of liposomes and 1-acyl-2 lysophosphatidylserine (lyso-PS), but not triolein, phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidic acid (PA) or phosphatidylinositol (PI). Hydrolysis of lyso-PS in peritoneal mast cells activated by receptors for IgE leads to stimulate histamine production. (456 aa) |
| | Cyp1b1 | Cytochrome P450 1B1; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of various endogenous substrates, including fatty acids, steroid hormones and vitamins (By similarity). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase) (By similarity). Exhibits catalytic activity for the formation of hydroxyestrogens from 17beta-estradiol (E2), namely 2- and 4-hydroxy E2. Metabolizes testosterone and progesterone [...] (541 aa) |
| | Apoe | Apolipoprotein E; APOE is an apolipoprotein, a protein associating with lipid particles, that mainly functions in lipoprotein-mediated lipid transport between organs via the plasma and interstitial fluids. APOE is a core component of plasma lipoproteins and is involved in their production, conversion and clearance. Apoliproteins are amphipathic molecules that interact both with lipids of the lipoprotein particle core and the aqueous environment of the plasma. As such, APOE associates with chylomicrons, chylomicron remnants, very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and intermediate density [...] (359 aa) |
| | Abhd16a | Phosphatidylserine lipase ABHD16A; Phosphatidylserine (PS) lipase that mediates the hydrolysis of phosphatidylserine to generate lysophosphatidylserine (LPS). LPS constitutes a class of signaling lipids that regulates immunological and neurological processes (By similarity). Has no activity towards diacylglycerol, triacylglycerol or lysophosphatidylserine lipase (By similarity). Also has monoacylglycerol lipase activity, with preference for 1-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-glycerol (1-LG) and 2-glyceryl-15-deoxy- Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ(2)-G) (By similarity). (558 aa) |
| | Sgpl1 | Sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase 1; Cleaves phosphorylated sphingoid bases (PSBs), such as sphingosine-1-phosphate, into fatty aldehydes and phosphoethanolamine. Elevates stress-induced ceramide production and apoptosis (By similarity). Required for global lipid homeostasis in liver and cholesterol homeostasis in fibroblasts. Involved in the regulation of pro-inflammatory response and neutrophil trafficking. Modulates neuronal autophagy via phosphoethanolamine production which regulates accumulation of aggregate-prone proteins such as APP (By similarity). Seems to play a role in establish [...] (568 aa) |
| | Plcb2 | 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2; The production of the second messenger molecules diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) is mediated by activated phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C enzymes. This protein may be involved in the transduction of bitter taste stimuli. (1183 aa) |
| | Hsd17b4 | Peroxisomal multifunctional enzyme type 2; Bifunctional enzyme acting on the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway for fatty acids. Catalyzes the formation of 3-ketoacyl-CoA intermediates from both straight-chain and 2-methyl-branched-chain fatty acids; Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family. (751 aa) |
| | Mgll | Monoglyceride lipase; Converts monoacylglycerides to free fatty acids and glycerol. Hydrolyzes the endocannabinoid 2- arachidonoylglycerol, and thereby contributes to the regulation of endocannabinoid signaling, nociperception and perception of pain. Regulates the levels of fatty acids that serve as signaling molecules and promote cancer cell migration, invasion and tumor growth (By similarity). (318 aa) |
| | Lpin2 | Lipin 2. (932 aa) |
| | Abcd1 | ATP-binding cassette sub-family D member 1; Plays a role in the transport of free very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) as well as their CoA-esters across the peroxisomal membrane by acting as an ATP-specific binding subunit releasing ADP after ATP hydrolysis. Thus, plays a role in regulation of VLCFAs and energy metabolism namely, in the degradation and biosynthesis of fatty acids by beta-oxidation, mitochondrial function and microsomal fatty acid elongation. Involved in several processes; namely, controls the active myelination phase by negatively regulating the microsomal fatty acid [...] (737 aa) |
| | LOC103690024 | Peroxisomal targeting signal 1 receptor; Binds to the C-terminal PTS1-type tripeptide peroxisomal targeting signal (SKL-type) and plays an essential role in peroxisomal protein import. (640 aa) |
| | Sirt2 | NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2; NAD-dependent protein deacetylase, which deacetylates internal lysines on histone and alpha-tubulin as well as many other proteins such as key transcription factors. Participates in the modulation of multiple and diverse biological processes such as cell cycle control, genomic integrity, microtubule dynamics, cell differentiation, metabolic networks, and autophagy. Plays a major role in the control of cell cycle progression and genomic stability. Functions in the antephase checkpoint preventing precocious mitotic entry in response to microtu [...] (388 aa) |
| | Plcg1 | 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-1; Mediates the production of the second messenger molecules diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3). Plays an important role in the regulation of intracellular signaling cascades. Becomes activated in response to ligand-mediated activation of receptor-type tyrosine kinases, such as PDGFRA, PDGFRB, FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4. Plays a role in actin reorganization and cell migration (By similarity). (1290 aa) |
| | Plcg2 | 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-2; The production of the second messenger molecules diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) is mediated by activated phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C enzymes. It is a crucial enzyme in transmembrane signaling. (1265 aa) |
| | Srd5a3 | Polyprenol reductase; Plays a key role in early steps of protein N-linked glycosylation by being required for the conversion of polyprenol into dolichol. Dolichols are required for the synthesis of dolichol-linked monosaccharides and the oligosaccharide precursor used for N- glycosylation. Acts as a polyprenol reductase that promotes the reduction of the alpha-isoprene unit of polyprenols into dolichols in a NADP-dependent mechanism. Also able to convert testosterone (T) into 5- alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT). (330 aa) |
| | Apoa4 | Apolipoprotein A-IV; May have a role in chylomicrons and VLDL secretion and catabolism. Required for efficient activation of lipoprotein lipase by ApoC-II; potent activator of LCAT. Apoa-IV is a major component of HDL and chylomicrons. (392 aa) |
| | Gba3 | Glucosylceramidase beta 3; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 1 family. (421 aa) |
| | Bscl2 | Seipin; Is a regulator of lipid catabolism essential for adipocyte differentiation. Necessary for correct lipid storage and lipid droplets maintenance; may play a tissue-autonomous role in controlling lipid storage in adipocytes and in preventing ectopic lipid droplet formation in non-adipose tissues. May also be involved in the central regulation of energy homeostasis (By similarity); Belongs to the seipin family. (377 aa) |
| | Ppard | Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor delta, isoform CRA_b. (440 aa) |
| | Liph | Lipase member H; Hydrolyzes specifically phosphatidic acid (PA) to produce lysophosphatidic acid (LPA); Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. Lipase family. (451 aa) |
| | Acat2 | Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, cytosolic; Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. Thiolase family. (399 aa) |
| | Mgst2 | Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 2. (128 aa) |
| | Plin1 | Perilipin-1; Modulator of adipocyte lipid metabolism. Coats lipid storage droplets to protect them from breakdown by hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL). Its absence may result in leanness. Plays a role in unilocular lipid droplet formation by activating CIDEC. Their interaction promotes lipid droplet enlargement and directional net neutral lipid transfer. May modulate lipolysis and triglyceride levels (By similarity). (518 aa) |
| | Nme4 | Peroxisomal 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase. (867 aa) |
| | Pex13 | Peroxisomal biogenesis factor 13 (Predicted). (403 aa) |
| | ENSRNOP00000068750 | Neuraminidase 4. (478 aa) |
| | Iah1 | Isoamyl acetate-hydrolyzing esterase 1 homolog; Probable lipase. (249 aa) |
| | Pafah1b2 | Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase IB subunit beta; Inactivates PAF by removing the acetyl group at the sn-2 position. This is a catalytic subunit; Belongs to the 'GDSL' lipolytic enzyme family. Platelet- activating factor acetylhydrolase IB beta/gamma subunits subfamily. (229 aa) |
| | Acat2l1 | Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, cytosolic; Involved in the biosynthetic pathway of cholesterol. (397 aa) |
| | Plch1 | Phosphoinositide phospholipase C. (1648 aa) |
| | Pla2g12b | Phospholipase A2, group XIIB. (195 aa) |
| | LOC100911186 | enoyl-CoA hydratase, short chain 1. (290 aa) |
| | Lep | Leptin; Key player in the regulation of energy balance and body weight control. Once released into the circulation, has central and peripheral effects by binding LEPR, found in many tissues, which results in the activation of several major signaling pathways (By similarity). In the hypothalamus, acts as an appetite-regulating factor that induces a decrease in food intake and an increase in energy consumption by inducing anorexinogenic factors and suppressing orexigenic neuropeptides, also regulates bone mass and secretion of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal hormones. In the periphery, inc [...] (167 aa) |
| | Akr1b8 | Aldo-keto reductase family 1, member B10 (Aldose reductase). (316 aa) |
| | LOC100360690 | Lipase; Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. Lipase family. (398 aa) |
| | Pnpla6 | Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 6. (1354 aa) |
| | Acer1 | Alkaline ceramidase; Hydrolyzes the sphingolipid ceramide into sphingosine and free fatty acid. (273 aa) |
| | LOC102556347 | Carbonyl reductase [NADPH] 1; NADPH-dependent reductase with broad substrate specificity. Catalyzes the reduction of a wide variety of carbonyl compounds including quinones, prostaglandins, menadione, plus various xenobiotics. Catalyzes the reduction of the antitumor anthracyclines doxorubicin and daunorubicin to the cardiotoxic compounds doxorubicinol and daunorubicinol. Can convert prostaglandin E2 to prostaglandin F2- alpha. Can bind glutathione, which explains its higher affinity for glutathione-conjugated substrates. Catalyzes the reduction of S- nitrosoglutathione (By similarity) [...] (277 aa) |
| | Enpp7 | Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 7; Converts sphingomyelin to ceramide and phosphocholine. Can also cleave phosphocholine from palmitoyl lyso- phosphatidylcholine. Does not have nucleotide pyrophosphatase activity (By similarity). (439 aa) |
| | Cyp27b1 | 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha hydroxylase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the conversion of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) to 1-alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1alpha,25(OH)(2)D3), and of 24,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3 (24,25(OH)(2)D3) to 1-alpha,24,25-trihydroxyvitamin D3 (1alpha,24,25(OH)(3)D3). Is also active with 25-hydroxy-24-oxo- vitamin D3. Plays an important role in normal bone growth, calcium metabolism, and tissue differentiation. (501 aa) |
| | Gba | Glucosylceramidase. (515 aa) |
| | Neu4 | Sialidase 4 (Predicted). (478 aa) |
| | Pnliprp2 | Pancreatic lipase-related protein 2; Lipase with broad substrate specificity. Can hydrolyze both phospholipids and galactolipids. Shows a preference for 1,2- didodecanoylphosphatidylethanolamine and 1,2- didodecanoylphosphatidylglycerol, and has low activity towards 1,2- didodecanoylphosphatidylcholine (in vitro). Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. Lipase family. (479 aa) |
| | Crat | Carnitine O-acetyltransferase; Catalyzes the reversible transfer of acyl groups from carnitine to coenzyme A (CoA) and regulates the acyl-CoA/CoA ratio. Also plays a crucial role in the transport of fatty acids for beta- oxidation. May be specific for short chain fatty acids. (626 aa) |
| | Smpdl3b | Acid sphingomyelinase-like phosphodiesterase. (456 aa) |
| | Daglb | Sn1-specific diacylglycerol lipase beta; Catalyzes the hydrolysis of diacylglycerol (DAG) to 2- arachidonoyl-glycerol (2-AG), the most abundant endocannabinoid in tissues. Required for axonal growth during development and for retrograde synaptic signaling at mature synapses (By similarity). Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. Lipase family. (669 aa) |
| | Spp1 | Osteopontin; Binds tightly to hydroxyapatite. Appears to form an integral part of the mineralized matrix. Probably important to cell-matrix interaction; Belongs to the osteopontin family. (317 aa) |
| | Sesn2 | Similar to Sestrin 2 (Hi95). (480 aa) |
| | Pla2g4b | Phospholipase A2. (791 aa) |
| | Scarb1 | Scavenger receptor class B member 1; Receptor for different ligands such as phospholipids, cholesterol ester, lipoproteins, phosphatidylserine and apoptotic cells. Receptor for HDL, mediating selective uptake of cholesteryl ether and HDL-dependent cholesterol efflux. Also facilitates the flux of free and esterified cholesterol between the cell surface and apoB- containing lipoproteins and modified lipoproteins, although less efficiently than HDL. May be involved in the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, via its phosphatidylserine binding activity. (509 aa) |
| | Naga | Alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase; Removes terminal alpha-N-acetylgalactosamine residues from glycolipids and glycopeptides. Required for the breakdown of glycolipids (By similarity); Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 27 family. (415 aa) |
| | Acaa2 | 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase, mitochondrial; In the production of energy from fats, this is one of the enzymes that catalyzes the last step of the mitochondrial beta- oxidation pathway, an aerobic process breaking down fatty acids into acetyl-CoA (Probable). Using free coenzyme A/CoA, catalyzes the thiolytic cleavage of medium- to long-chain unbranched 3-oxoacyl-CoAs into acetyl-CoA and a fatty acyl-CoA shortened by two carbon atoms (Probable). Also catalyzes the condensation of two acetyl-CoA molecules into acetoacetyl-CoA and could be involved in the production of ketone bodies (Probable) [...] (397 aa) |
| | Slc27a2 | Very long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase; Acyl CoA synthetase that activates long-chain and very long- chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) by catalyzing the formation of fatty acyl- CoA. Can also activate branched-chain fatty acids such as phytanic acid and pristanic acid (By similarity). Does not activate C24 bile acids, cholate and chenodeoxycholate (By similarity). In vitro, activates 3-alpha,7-alpha,12-alpha- trihydroxy- 5-beta-cholestanate (THCA), the C27 precursor of cholic acid deriving from the de novo synthesis from cholesterol (By similarity). Exhibits long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) transpo [...] (618 aa) |
| | Cyp4f40 | Cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily f, polypeptide 40; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (523 aa) |
| | Plb1 | Phospholipase B1, membrane-associated; Membrane-associated phospholipase. Exhibits a calcium- independent broad substrate specificity including phospholipase A2/lysophospholipase activity. Preferential hydrolysis at the sn-2 position of diacylphospholipids and diacyglycerol, whereas it shows no positional specificity toward triacylglycerol. Exhibits also esterase activity toward p-nitrophenyl. May act on the brush border membrane to facilitate the absorption of digested lipids. Belongs to the 'GDSL' lipolytic enzyme family. Phospholipase B1 subfamily. (1111 aa) |
| | Ces1a | Carboxylic ester hydrolase; Belongs to the type-B carboxylesterase/lipase family. (563 aa) |
| | Adtrp | Androgen-dependent TFPI-regulating protein; Hydrolyzes bioactive fatty-acid esters of hydroxy-fatty acids (FAHFAs), but not other major classes of lipids (By similarity). Shows a preference for FAHFAs with branching distal from the carboxylate head group of the lipids (By similarity). Regulates the expression and the cell-associated anticoagulant activity of the inhibitor TFPI in endothelial cells (in vitro) (By similarity). (219 aa) |
| | Aldh1l2 | 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase; In the C-terminal section; belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family. ALDH1L subfamily. (922 aa) |
| | Clpsl2 | Colipase-like protein 2. (104 aa) |
| | Bco2 | Beta-carotene oxygenase 2. (532 aa) |
| | Pla2g4c | Phospholipase A2 group IVC. (604 aa) |
| | Acad10 | Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family, member 10. (1069 aa) |
| | Pld2 | Phospholipase D2; May have a role in signal-induced cytoskeletal regulation and/or endocytosis; Belongs to the phospholipase D family. (931 aa) |
| | Lrcol1 | Leucine-rich colipase-like 1. (163 aa) |
| | Smpd5 | Similar to sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 3, neutral membrane (Predicted). (487 aa) |
| | Pla2g4d | Phospholipase A2. (825 aa) |
| | Acox1 | Peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase 1, A chain; Catalyzes the desaturation of acyl-CoAs to 2-trans-enoyl-CoAs. Isoform 1 shows highest activity against medium-chain fatty acyl-CoAs and activity decreases with increasing chain length. Isoform 2 is active against a much broader range of substrates and shows activity towards very long-chain acyl-CoAs. Isoform 1 shows optimum activity with a chain length of 10 carbons while isoform 2 exhibits optimum activity with 14 carbons. (660 aa) |
| | Acaa1a | 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase A, peroxisomal; Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. Thiolase family. (433 aa) |
| | Neu1 | Sialidase-1; Catalyzes the removal of sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid) moieties from glycoproteins and glycolipids. To be active, it is strictly dependent on its presence in the multienzyme complex. Appears to have a preference for alpha 2-3 and alpha 2-6 sialyl linkage. (409 aa) |
| | Hsd11b1 | Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 1. (1104 aa) |
| | Plcl1 | Inactive phospholipase C-like protein 1; Involved in an inositol phospholipid-based intracellular signaling cascade. Shows no PLC activity to phosphatidylinositol 4,5- bisphosphate and phosphatidylinositol. Component in the phospho- dependent endocytosis process of GABA A receptor. Acts as an inhibitor of PPP1C. (1017 aa) |
| | Echdc2 | Enoyl Coenzyme A hydratase domain containing 2 (Predicted), isoform CRA_a; Belongs to the enoyl-CoA hydratase/isomerase family. (296 aa) |
| | Pnpla8 | Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 8. (776 aa) |
| | Zpbp2 | Zona pellucida-binding protein 2; Is implicated in sperm-oocyte interaction during fertilization; Belongs to the zona pellucida-binding protein Sp38 family. (326 aa) |
| | Abhd3 | Abhydrolase domain containing 3 (Predicted). (411 aa) |
| | Smpd4 | Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 4. (824 aa) |
| | Enpp2 | Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 2; Hydrolyzes lysophospholipids to produce the signaling molecule lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) in extracellular fluids. Major substrate is lysophosphatidylcholine. Also can act on sphingosylphosphorylcholine producing sphingosine-1- phosphate, a modulator of cell motility. Can hydrolyze, in vitro, bis-pNPP, to some extent pNP-TMP, and barely ATP. Involved in several motility- related processes such as angiogenesis and neurite outgrowth. Acts as an angiogenic factor by stimulating migration of smooth muscle cells and microtub [...] (883 aa) |
| | Oc90 | RCG60015, isoform CRA_a. (539 aa) |
| | Plcb4 | 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4; The production of the second messenger molecules diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) is mediated by activated phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C enzymes. This form has a role in retina signal transduction. (1206 aa) |
| | Hexb | Beta-hexosaminidase subunit beta; Responsible for the degradation of GM2 gangliosides, and a variety of other molecules containing terminal N-acetyl hexosamines, in the brain and other tissues. (538 aa) |
| | Hsd17b10 | 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase type-2; Mitochondrial dehydrogenase that catalyzes the beta-oxidation at position 17 of androgens and estrogens and has 3-alpha- hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity with androsterone. Catalyzes the third step in the beta-oxidation of fatty acids. Carries out oxidative conversions of 7-alpha-OH and 7-beta-OH bile acids. Also exhibits 20- beta-OH and 21-OH dehydrogenase activities with C21 steroids. By interacting with intracellular amyloid-beta, it may contribute to the neuronal dysfunction associated with Alzheimer disease (AD). Essential for structura [...] (261 aa) |
| | Cyp24a1 | 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) 24-hydroxylase, mitochondrial; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase with a key role in vitamin D catabolism and calcium homeostasis. Via C24-oxidation pathway, catalyzes the inactivation of both the vitamin D precursor calcidiol (25-hydroxyvitamin D(3)) and the active hormone calcitriol (1-alpha,25- dihydroxyvitamin D(3)). With initial hydroxylation at C-24 (via C24-oxidation pathway), performs a sequential 6-step oxidation of calcitriol leading to the formation of the biliary metabolite calcitroic acid. Hydroxylates at C-24 or C-25 other vitamin D active metaboli [...] (514 aa) |
| | Plcd1 | 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase delta-1; The production of the second messenger molecules diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) is mediated by activated phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C enzymes. Essential for trophoblast and placental development. (756 aa) |
| | Acox3 | Peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 3; Oxidizes the CoA-esters of 2-methyl-branched fatty acids. Belongs to the acyl-CoA oxidase family. (699 aa) |
| | Lipi | Lipase, member H (Predicted). (476 aa) |
| | Apob | Apolipoprotein B-100; Apolipoprotein B is a major protein constituent of chylomicrons (apo B-48), LDL (apo B-100) and VLDL (apo B-100). Apo B- 100 functions as a recognition signal for the cellular binding and internalization of LDL particles by the apoB/E receptor. (4743 aa) |
| | Aig1 | Androgen-induced 1. (238 aa) |
| | Cyp4f4 | Cytochrome P450 4F4; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of arachidonic acid and its oxygenated derivatives. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase). Participates in the conversion of arachidonic acid to omega-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE), a signaling molecule acting both as vasoconstrictive and natriuretic with overall effect on arterial blood pressure. Hydro [...] (522 aa) |
| | Hadha | Trifunctional enzyme subunit alpha, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial trifunctional enzyme catalyzes the last three of the four reactions of the mitochondrial beta-oxidation pathway. The mitochondrial beta-oxidation pathway is the major energy-producing process in tissues and is performed through four consecutive reactions breaking down fatty acids into acetyl-CoA. Among the enzymes involved in this pathway, the trifunctional enzyme exhibits specificity for long-chain fatty acids. Mitochondrial trifunctional enzyme is a heterotetrameric complex composed of two proteins, the trifunctional en [...] (763 aa) |
| | Plaat3 | Phospholipase A and acyltransferase 3; Exhibits both phospholipase A1/2 and acyltransferase activities. Shows phospholipase A1 (PLA1) and A2 (PLA2), ccatalyzing the calcium-independent release of fatty acids from the sn-1 or sn-2 position of glycerophospholipids. For most substrates, PLA1 activity is much higher than PLA2 activity (By similarity). Shows O-acyltransferase activity,catalyzing the transfer of a fatty acyl group from glycerophospholipid to the hydroxyl group of lysophospholipid (By similarity). Shows N-acyltransferase activity, catalyzing the calcium-independent transfer o [...] (160 aa) |
| | Pld6 | Phospholipase D family, member 6. (222 aa) |
| | Abhd12b | Abhydrolase domain-containing 12B. (212 aa) |
| | Ilvbl | IlvB (Bacterial acetolactate synthase)-like (Predicted), isoform CRA_c; Belongs to the TPP enzyme family. (672 aa) |
| | Acad11 | Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family member 11; Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, that exhibits maximal activity towards saturated C22-CoA. Probably participates to beta-oxydation and energy production but could also play role in the metabolism of specific fatty acids to control fatty acids composition of cellular lipids in brain. (779 aa) |
| | Pnpla1 | Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 1. (589 aa) |
| | Pafah2 | Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase 2, cytoplasmic; Has a marked selectivity for phospholipids with short acyl chains at the sn-2 position. May share a common physiologic function with the plasma-type enzyme. Catalyzes transacetylation of the acetyl group from platelet-activating factor (PAF) to lysoplasmalogen and to sphingosine, producing plasmalogen analogs of PAF and N- acetylsphingosine (C2-ceramide) respectively. Acts as a PAF- acetylhydrolase in the absence of lipid acceptor molecules. (390 aa) |
| | Lrp1 | Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 intracellular domain; Endocytic receptor involved in endocytosis and in phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. Required for early embryonic development. Involved in cellular lipid homeostasis. Involved in the plasma clearance of chylomicron remnants and activated LRPAP1 (alpha 2- macroglobulin), as well as the local metabolism of complexes between plasminogen activators and their endogenous inhibitors. May modulate cellular events, such as APP metabolism, kinase-dependent intracellular signaling, neuronal calcium signaling as well as neurotr [...] (4545 aa) |
| | Crabp1 | Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 1; Cytosolic CRABPs may regulate the access of retinoic acid to the nuclear retinoic acid receptors. (137 aa) |
| | Pnpla4 | Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 4. (252 aa) |
| | Dagla | Sn1-specific diacylglycerol lipase alpha; Catalyzes the hydrolysis of diacylglycerol (DAG) to 2- arachidonoyl-glycerol (2-AG), the most abundant endocannabinoid in tissues. Required for axonal growth during development and for retrograde synaptic signaling at mature synapses (By similarity). (1044 aa) |
| | Cyp26c1 | Cytochrome P450, family 26, subfamily C, polypeptide 1; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (518 aa) |
| | Cpt1c | Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, brain isoform; May play a role in lipid metabolic process. Belongs to the carnitine/choline acetyltransferase family. (801 aa) |
| | Nudt7 | Nudix (Nucleoside diphosphate linked moiety X)-type motif 7 (Predicted), isoform CRA_d. (260 aa) |
| | Lipo1 | Lipase; Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. Lipase family. (397 aa) |
| | Pnpla5 | Patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 5 (Predicted). (453 aa) |
| | Pla2g7 | Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase. (440 aa) |
| | Pla2g4e | Phospholipase A2. (828 aa) |
| | Pck1 | Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, cytosolic [GTP]; Regulates cataplerosis and anaplerosis, the processes that control the levels of metabolic intermediates in the citric acid cycle. At low glucose levels, it catalyzes the cataplerotic conversion of oxaloacetate (OAA) to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), the rate-limiting step in the metabolic pathway that produces glucose from lactate and other precursors derived from the citric acid cycle. At high glucose levels, it catalyzes the anaplerotic conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate to oxaloacetate. (622 aa) |
| | Smpd3 | Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 3; Catalyzes the hydrolysis of sphingomyelin to form ceramide and phosphocholine. Ceramide mediates numerous cellular functions, such as apoptosis and growth arrest, and is capable of regulating these 2 cellular events independently. Also hydrolyzes sphingosylphosphocholine. Regulates the cell cycle by acting as a growth suppressor in confluent cells. Acts as a regulator of postnatal development and participates in bone and dentin mineralization. Overexpression enhances cell death, suggesting that it may be involved in apoptosis control. May be involved [...] (635 aa) |
| | Prdx6 | Peroxiredoxin-6; Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively. Can reduce H(2)O(2) and short chain organic, fatty acid, and phospholipid hydroperoxides. Also has phospholipase activity, and can therefore either reduce the oxidized sn-2 fatty acyl grup of phospholipids (peroxidase activity) or hydrolyze the sn-2 ester bond of phospholipids (phospholipase activity). These activities are dependent on binding to phospholipids at acidic pH and to oxidized phospholipds at cytosolic pH. Plays a role [...] (224 aa) |
| | Plcb3 | 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3; The production of the second messenger molecules diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) is mediated by activated phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C enzymes. (1236 aa) |
| | Hsd17b14 | Hydroxysteroid (17-beta) dehydrogenase 14. (270 aa) |
| | Acadsb | Short/branched chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial; Has greatest activity toward short branched chain acyl-CoA derivative such as (s)-2-methylbutyryl-CoA, isobutyryl-CoA, and 2- methylhexanoyl-CoA as well as toward short straight chain acyl-CoAs such as butyryl-CoA and hexanoyl-CoA. Can use valproyl-CoA as substrate and may play a role in controlling the metabolic flux of valproic acid in the development of toxicity of this agent. (469 aa) |
| | Lipf | Gastric triacylglycerol lipase. (395 aa) |
| | Lipe | Hormone-sensitive lipase; In adipose tissue and heart, it primarily hydrolyzes stored triglycerides to free fatty acids, while in steroidogenic tissues, it principally converts cholesteryl esters to free cholesterol for steroid hormone production; Belongs to the 'GDXG' lipolytic enzyme family. (1068 aa) |
| | Pafah1b3 | Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase IB subunit gamma; Inactivates paf by removing the acetyl group at the sn-2 position. This is a catalytic subunit. Plays an important role during the development of brain. (232 aa) |
| | Ins2 | Insulin-2 A chain; Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver. (110 aa) |
| | Inpp5f | Inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase F (Predicted), isoform CRA_c. (1130 aa) |
| | Ech1 | Delta(3,5)-Delta(2,4)-dienoyl-CoA isomerase, mitochondrial; Isomerization of 3-trans,5-cis-dienoyl-CoA to 2-trans,4- trans-dienoyl-CoA; Belongs to the enoyl-CoA hydratase/isomerase family. (327 aa) |
| | Pla2g15 | Group XV phospholipase A2; Has transacylase and calcium-independent phospholipase A2 activity. Catalyzes the formation of 1-O-acyl-N-acetylsphingosine and the concomitant release of a lyso-phospholipid. Has high activity with 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC), catalyzing the transfer of oleic acid to N-acetyl-sphingosine. Required for normal phospholipid degradation in alveolar and peritoneal macrophages and in spleen (By similarity); Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. Lipase family. (413 aa) |
| | Gdpd3 | Glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase domain-containing 3. (330 aa) |
| | Hacl1 | 2-hydroxyacyl-CoA lyase 1; Catalyzes a carbon-carbon cleavage reaction; cleaves a 2- hydroxy-3-methylacyl-CoA into formyl-CoA and a 2-methyl-branched fatty aldehyde; Belongs to the TPP enzyme family. (581 aa) |
| | Lipk | Lipase; Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. Lipase family. (397 aa) |
| | Lipm | Lipase; Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. Lipase family. (422 aa) |
| | Hsd3b7 | 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 7; The 3-beta-HSD enzymatic system plays a crucial role in the biosynthesis of all classes of hormonal steroids. HSD VII is active against four 7-alpha-hydroxylated sterols. Does not metabolize several different C(19/21) steroids as substrates. Involved in bile acid synthesis. Plays a key role in cell positioning and movement in lymphoid tissues by mediating degradation of 7-alpha,25- dihydroxycholesterol (7-alpha,25-OHC): 7-alpha,25-OHC acts as a ligand for the G protein-coupled receptor GPR183/EBI2, a chemotactic receptor for a number of lymph [...] (338 aa) |
| | LOC100911615 | Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 2-like. (478 aa) |
| | Slc25a17 | Solute carrier family 25 member 17; Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family. (307 aa) |
| | Mt3 | Metallothionein-3; Binds heavy metals. Contains three zinc and three copper atoms per polypeptide chain and only a negligible amount of cadmium. Inhibits survival and neurite formation of cortical neurons in vitro (By similarity); Belongs to the metallothionein superfamily. Type 1 family. (66 aa) |
| | Echs1 | Enoyl-CoA hydratase, mitochondrial; Straight-chain enoyl-CoA thioesters from C4 up to at least C16 are processed, although with decreasing catalytic rate. Has high substrate specificity for crotonyl-CoA and moderate specificity for acryloyl-CoA, 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA and methacrylyl-CoA. It is noteworthy that binds tiglyl-CoA, but hydrates only a small amount of this substrate. (290 aa) |
| | Pnpla2 | Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 2; Catalyzes the initial step in triglyceride hydrolysis in adipocyte and non-adipocyte lipid droplets. Also has acylglycerol transacylase activity. May act coordinately with LIPE/HLS within the lipolytic cascade. Regulates adiposome size and may be involved in the degradation of adiposomes. May play an important role in energy homeostasis. May play a role in the response of the organism to starvation, enhancing hydrolysis of triglycerides and providing free fatty acids to other tissues to be oxidized in situations of energy depletion. (478 aa) |
| | Lipg | Endothelial lipase; Has phospholipase and triglyceride lipase activities. Hydrolyzes high density lipoproteins (HDL) more efficiently than other lipoproteins. Binds heparin (By similarity). (493 aa) |
| | Acadvl | Very long-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial; Active toward esters of long-chain and very long chain fatty acids such as palmitoyl-CoA, myristoyl-CoA and stearoyl-CoA. Can accommodate substrate acyl chain lengths as long as 24 carbons, but shows little activity for substrates of less than 12 carbons; Belongs to the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family. (655 aa) |
| | Apoa5 | Apolipoprotein A-V; Minor apolipoprotein mainly associated with HDL and to a lesser extent with VLDL (By similarity). May also be associated with chylomicrons (By similarity). Important determinant of plasma triglyceride (TG) levels by both being a potent stimulator of apo-CII lipoprotein lipase (LPL) TG hydrolysis and an inhibitor of the hepatic VLDL-TG production rate (without affecting the VLDL-apoB production rate) (By similarity). Activates poorly lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) and does not enhance efflux of cholesterol from macrophages (By similarity). Binds heparin [...] (391 aa) |
| | Apoc2 | Apolipoprotein C-II (Predicted). (97 aa) |
| | Ces1c | Carboxylesterase 1C; Involved in the detoxification of xenobiotics and in the activation of ester and amide prodrugs. Involved in the extracellular metabolism of lung surfactant (By similarity); Belongs to the type-B carboxylesterase/lipase family. (584 aa) |
| | Neu3 | Sialidase-3; Plays a role in modulating the ganglioside content of the lipid bilayer at the level of membrane-bound sialyl glycoconjugates. Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 33 family. (418 aa) |
| | Phyh | Phytanoyl-CoA dioxygenase, peroxisomal; Converts phytanoyl-CoA to 2-hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA. (338 aa) |
| | Nudt8 | RCG47285, isoform CRA_b. (210 aa) |
| | Smpd1 | Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase; Converts sphingomyelin to ceramide. (627 aa) |
| | Pnliprp1 | Inactive pancreatic lipase-related protein 1; May function as inhibitor of dietary triglyceride digestion. Lacks detectable lipase activity (in vitro) (By similarity). Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. Lipase family. (473 aa) |
| | Etfb | Electron transfer flavoprotein subunit beta; Heterodimeric electron transfer flavoprotein that accepts electrons from several mitochondrial dehydrogenases, including acyl-CoA dehydrogenases, glutaryl-CoA and sarcosine dehydrogenase. It transfers the electrons to the main mitochondrial respiratory chain via ETF-ubiquinone oxidoreductase. Required for normal mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and normal amino acid metabolism. ETFB binds an AMP molecule that probably has a purely structural role (By similarity). (255 aa) |
| | Pnlip | Pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase; Plays an important role in fat metabolism. It preferentially splits the esters of long-chain fatty acids at positions 1 and 3, producing mainly 2-monoacylglycerol and free fatty acids, and shows considerably higher activity against insoluble emulsified substrates than against soluble ones. (465 aa) |
| | Akr1c3 | Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C18; Catalyzes the conversion of progesterone into 20-alpha- dihydroprogesterone (20 alpha-OHP). (323 aa) |
| | Srd5a1 | 3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase 1; Converts testosterone into 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone and progesterone or corticosterone into their corresponding 5-alpha-3- oxosteroids. It plays a central role in sexual differentiation and androgen physiology. (255 aa) |
| | Cyp27a1 | Sterol 26-hydroxylase, mitochondrial; Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that catalyzes regio- and stereospecific hydroxylation of cholesterol and its derivatives. Hydroxylates (with R stereochemistry) the terminal methyl group of cholesterol side-chain in a three step reaction to yield at first a C26 alcohol, then a C26 aldehyde and finally a C26 acid. Regulates cholesterol homeostasis by catalyzing the conversion of excess cholesterol to bile acids via both the 'neutral' (classic) and the 'acid' (alternative) pathways. May also regulate cholesterol homeostasis via generation of active oxy [...] (550 aa) |
| | Pla2g2a | Phospholipase A2, membrane associated; Catalyzes the calcium-dependent hydrolysis of the 2-acyl groups in 3-sn-phosphoglycerides. Thought to participate in the regulation of phospholipid metabolism in biomembranes including eicosanoid biosynthesis. Acts as a ligand for integrins. Binds to and activates integrins ITGAV:ITGB3, ITGA4:ITGB1 and ITGA5:ITGB1. Independent of its catalytic activity, activates integrins by binding to a site (site 2) which is distinct from the classical ligand-binding site (site 1) and inducing integrin conformational changes and enhanced ligand binding to site [...] (146 aa) |
| | Neu2 | Sialidase-2; Catalyzes the removal of sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid) moieties from glycoproteins, oligosaccharides and gangliosides. Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 33 family. (379 aa) |
| | Pla2g5 | Calcium-dependent phospholipase A2; PA2 catalyzes the calcium-dependent hydrolysis of the 2-acyl groups in 3-sn-phosphoglycerides. This isozyme hydrolyzes L-alpha- palmitoyl-2-oleoyl phosphatidylcholine more efficiently than L-alpha-1- palmitoyl-2-arachidonyl phosphatidylcholine, L-alpha-1-palmitoyl-2- arachidonyl phosphatidylethanolamine or L-alpha-1-stearoyl-2- arachidonyl phosphatidylinositol. (137 aa) |
| | Pla2g2d | Phospholipase A(2). (144 aa) |
| | Pla2g2f | Phospholipase A(2). (210 aa) |
| | Cyp26a1 | Cytochrome P450, family 26, subfamily A, polypeptide 1; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (497 aa) |
| | Lpin3 | RCG32184. (844 aa) |
| | Plcd4 | 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase delta-4; Hydrolyzes the phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) to generate 2 second messenger molecules diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3). DAG mediates the activation of protein kinase C (PKC), while IP3 releases Ca(2+) from intracellular stores. Required for acrosome reaction in sperm during fertilization, probably by acting as an important enzyme for intracellular Ca(2+) mobilization in the zona pellucida-induced acrosome reaction. May play a role in cell growth. Modulates the liver regeneration [...] (786 aa) |
| | Eci2 | Enoyl-CoA delta isomerase 2, mitochondrial; Able to isomerize both 3-cis and 3-trans double bonds into the 2-trans form in a range of enoyl-CoA species. Has a preference for 3-trans substrates. (391 aa) |
| | Gba2 | Non-lysosomal glucosylceramidase; Non-lysosomal glucosylceramidase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of glucosylceramide (GlcCer) to free glucose and ceramide (By similarity). Glucosylceramides are membrane glycosphingolipids that have a wide intracellular distribution. They are the main precursors of more complex glycosphingolipids that play a role in cellular growth, differentiation, adhesion, signaling, cytoskeletal dynamics and membrane properties. Also involved in the transglucosylation of cholesterol, transferring glucose from glucosylceramides, thereby modifying its water solubility [...] (912 aa) |
| | Ces1d | Carboxylesterase 1D; Major lipase in white adipose tissue (By similarity). Involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics and of natural substrates. Hydrolyzes triacylglycerols and monoacylglycerols, with a preference for monoacylglycerols. The susceptibility of the substrate increases with decreasing acyl chain length of the fatty acid moiety. Catalyzes the synthesis of fatty acid ethyl esters; Belongs to the type-B carboxylesterase/lipase family. (564 aa) |
| | Acoxl | Acyl-coenzyme A oxidase; Belongs to the acyl-CoA oxidase family. (632 aa) |
| | Pccb | Propionyl-CoA carboxylase beta chain, mitochondrial; This is one of the 2 subunits of the biotin-dependent propionyl-CoA carboxylase (PCC), a mitochondrial enzyme involved in the catabolism of odd chain fatty acids, branched-chain amino acids isoleucine, threonine, methionine, and valine and other metabolites. Propionyl-CoA carboxylase catalyzes the carboxylation of propionyl- CoA/propanoyl-CoA to D-methylmalonyl-CoA/(S)-methylmalonyl-CoA (By similarity). Within the holoenzyme, the alpha subunit catalyzes the ATP-dependent carboxylation of the biotin carried by the biotin carboxyl carr [...] (541 aa) |
| | Cyp1a2 | Cytochrome P450 1A2; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of various endogenous substrates, including fatty acids, steroid hormones and vitamins. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds. Exhibits high catalytic activity for the formation of hydroxyestrogens from estrone (E1) and 17beta-estradiol (E2), namely 2-hydroxy E1 and E [...] (513 aa) |
| | Hint2 | Histidine triad nucleotide binding protein 2 (Predicted), isoform CRA_a. (163 aa) |
| | Abcd2 | ATP-binding cassette sub-family D member 2; Probable transporter. (741 aa) |
| | Ddhd2 | DDHD domain-containing 2. (699 aa) |
| | Acot8 | Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 8; Acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) thioesterases are a group of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of acyl-CoAs to the free fatty acid and coenzyme A (CoASH), providing the potential to regulate intracellular levels of acyl-CoAs, free fatty acids and CoASH. Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 8/ACOT8 display no strong substrate specificity with respect to the carboxylic acid moiety of Acyl-CoAs. Hydrolyzes medium length (C2 to C20) straight-chain, saturated and unsaturated acyl-CoAS but is inactive towards substrates with longer aliphatic chains. Moreover, it catalyz [...] (374 aa) |
| | Etfa | Electron transfer flavoprotein subunit alpha, mitochondrial; Heterodimeric electron transfer flavoprotein that accepts electrons from several mitochondrial dehydrogenases, including acyl-CoA dehydrogenases, glutaryl-CoA and sarcosine dehydrogenase. It transfers the electrons to the main mitochondrial respiratory chain via ETF-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (ETF dehydrogenase) (Probable). Required for normal mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and normal amino acid metabolism. (333 aa) |
| | Cyp26b1 | Cytochrome P450 26B1; Involved in the metabolism of retinoic acid (RA), rendering this classical morphogen inactive through oxidation. Involved in the specific inactivation of all-trans-retinoic acid (all-trans-RA), with a preference for the following substrates: all-trans-RA > 9-cis-RA > 13- cis-RA. Generates several hydroxylated forms of RA, including 4-OH-RA, 4-oxo-RA, and 18-OH-RA. Essential for postnatal survival. Plays a central role in germ cell development: acts by degrading RA in the developing testis, preventing STRA8 expression, thereby leading to delay of meiosis. Required [...] (512 aa) |
| | Plpp6 | Phospholipid phosphatase 6; Phosphatase that dephosphorylates presqualene diphosphate (PSDP) into presqualene monophosphate (PSMP), suggesting that it may be indirectly involved in innate immunity. PSDP is a bioactive lipid that rapidly remodels to presqualene monophosphate PSMP upon cell activation. Displays diphosphate phosphatase activity with a substrate preference for PSDP > FDP > phosphatidic acid (By similarity). Belongs to the PA-phosphatase related phosphoesterase family. (293 aa) |
| | Abhd16b | Protein ABHD16B; Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. ABHD16 family. (474 aa) |
| | Acer3 | Alkaline ceramidase; Hydrolyzes the sphingolipid ceramide into sphingosine and free fatty acid. (267 aa) |
| | Cpt1a | Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, liver isoform; Catalyzes the transfer of the acyl group of long-chain fatty acid-CoA conjugates onto carnitine, an essential step for the mitochondrial uptake of long-chain fatty acids and their subsequent beta-oxidation in the mitochondrion. Plays an important role in triglyceride metabolism; Belongs to the carnitine/choline acetyltransferase family. (773 aa) |
| | Irs1 | Insulin receptor substrate 1; May mediate the control of various cellular processes by insulin. When phosphorylated by the insulin receptor binds specifically to various cellular proteins containing SH2 domains such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase p85 subunit or GRB2. Activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase when bound to the regulatory p85 subunit. (1235 aa) |
| | Bdh2 | 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase type 2; Dehydrogenase that mediates the formation of 2,5- dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,5-DHBA), a siderophore that shares structural similarities with bacterial enterobactin and associates with LCN2, thereby playing a key role in iron assimilation and homeostasis. Plays a role in susceptibility to bacterial infection by providing an assimilable source of iron that is exploited by pathogenic bacteria (By similarity). Also acts as a 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (By similarity). (255 aa) |
| | Slc27a4 | Solute carrier family 27 (Fatty acid transporter), member 4. (643 aa) |
| | Plch2 | Phosphoinositide phospholipase C. (1137 aa) |
| | Cps1 | Carbamoyl-phosphate synthase [ammonia], mitochondrial; Involved in the urea cycle of ureotelic animals where the enzyme plays an important role in removing excess ammonia from the cell. (1500 aa) |
| | Plcl2 | Phosphoinositide phospholipase C. (1001 aa) |
| | Ppt1 | Palmitoyl-protein thioesterase 1; Removes thioester-linked fatty acyl groups such as palmitate from modified cysteine residues in proteins or peptides during lysosomal degradation. Prefers acyl chain lengths of 14 to 18 carbons. Belongs to the palmitoyl-protein thioesterase family. (306 aa) |
| | Nceh1 | Neutral cholesterol ester hydrolase 1; Hydrolyzes 2-acetyl monoalkylglycerol ether, the penultimate precursor of the pathway for de novo synthesis of platelet-activating factor. May be responsible for cholesterol ester hydrolysis in macrophages. Also involved in organ detoxification by hydrolyzing exogenous organophosphorus compounds (By similarity); Belongs to the 'GDXG' lipolytic enzyme family. (408 aa) |
| | Acadl | Long-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial; Long-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase is one of the acyl-CoA dehydrogenases that catalyze the first step of mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation, an aerobic process breaking down fatty acids into acetyl-CoA and allowing the production of energy from fats. The first step of fatty acid beta-oxidation consists in the removal of one hydrogen from C-2 and C-3 of the straight-chain fatty acyl-CoA thioester, resulting in the formation of trans-2-enoyl- CoA. Among the different mitochondrial acyl-CoA dehydrogenases, long-chain [...] (430 aa) |
| | Akr1d1 | Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member D1; Catalyzes the stereospecific NADPH-dependent reduction of the C4-C5 double bond of bile acid intermediates and steroid hormones carrying a delta(4)-3-one structure to yield an A/B cis-ring junction. This cis-configuration is crucial for bile acid biosynthesis and plays important roles in steroid metabolism. Capable of reducing a broad range of delta-(4)-3-ketosteroids from C18 (such as, 17beta- hydroxyestr-4-en-3-one) to C27 (such as, 7alpha-hydroxycholest-4-en-3- one). (324 aa) |
| | Aspg | 1-alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine esterase; Exhibits lysophospholipase, transacylase, PAF acetylhydrolase and asparaginase activities. Can catalyze three types of transacylation reactions: (1) acyl transfer from 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (1-acyl-GPC) to the sn-1(3) positions of glycerol and 2-acylglycerol (sn-1 to -1(3) transfer), (2) acyl transfer from 1-acyl-GPC to the sn-2 positions of 1-acyl-GPC, 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (1-acyl-GPE), and other lysophospholipids (sn-1 to -2 transfer) and (3) acyl transfer from 2-acyl-GPC to the sn-1 position of 2-acyl-GP [...] (564 aa) |
| | Fabp3 | Fatty acid-binding protein, heart; FABP are thought to play a role in the intracellular transport of long-chain fatty acids and their acyl-CoA esters. (133 aa) |
| | Cpt2 | Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 2, mitochondrial; Belongs to the carnitine/choline acetyltransferase family. (658 aa) |
| | Bco1 | Beta,beta-carotene 15,15'-dioxygenase; Symmetrically cleaves beta-carotene into two molecules of retinal using a dioxygenase mechanism; Belongs to the carotenoid oxygenase family. (566 aa) |
| | Abcd3 | ATP-binding cassette sub-family D member 3; Probable transporter involved in the transport of branched- chain fatty acids and C27 bile acids into the peroxisome; the latter function is a crucial step in bile acid biosynthesis. The nucleotide- binding fold acts as an ATP-binding subunit with ATPase activity. (659 aa) |
| | Pex7 | Peroxisomal biogenesis factor 7. (318 aa) |
| | Lpl | Lipoprotein lipase; Key enzyme in triglyceride metabolism. Catalyzes the hydrolysis of triglycerides from circulating chylomicrons and very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), and thereby plays an important role in lipid clearance from the blood stream, lipid utilization and storage. Mediates margination of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particles in capillaries. Recruited to its site of action on the luminal surface of vascular endothelium by binding to GPIHBP1 and cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans. (474 aa) |
| | Rab7a | Ras-related protein Rab-7a; Key regulator in endo-lysosomal trafficking. Governs early- to-late endosomal maturation, microtubule minus-end as well as plus-end directed endosomal migration and positioning, and endosome-lysosome transport through different protein-protein interaction cascades (By similarity). Plays a central role, not only in endosomal traffic, but also in many other cellular and physiological events, such as growth- factor-mediated cell signaling, nutrient-transportor mediated nutrient uptake, neurotrophin transport in the axons of neurons and lipid metabolism (By simi [...] (207 aa) |
| | Abcd4 | ATP-binding cassette subfamily D member 4. (606 aa) |
| | Faahl | Fatty-acid amide hydrolase-like. (579 aa) |
| | Crtc3 | CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 3. (619 aa) |
| | Auh | Methylglutaconyl-CoA hydratase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the conversion of 3-methylglutaconyl-CoA to 3- hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (By similarity). Also has itaconyl-CoA hydratase activity by converting itaconyl-CoA into citramalyl-CoA in the C5-dicarboxylate catabolism pathway. The C5- dicarboxylate catabolism pathway is required to detoxify itaconate, a vitamin B12-poisoning metabolite. Has very low enoyl- CoA hydratase activity (By similarity). Was originally identified as RNA-binding protein that binds in vitro to clustered 5'-AUUUA-3' motifs (By similarity); Belongs to the enoyl [...] (315 aa) |
| | Pnpla3 | Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3. (425 aa) |
| | Faah | Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 1; Degrades bioactive fatty acid amides like oleamide, the endogenous cannabinoid, anandamide and myristic amide to their corresponding acids, thereby serving to terminate the signaling functions of these molecules. Hydrolyzes polyunsaturated substrate anandamide preferentially as compared to monounsaturated substrates. Belongs to the amidase family. (579 aa) |
| | Tbl1xr1 | Transducin (Beta)-like 1X-linked receptor 1 (Predicted). (514 aa) |
| | Gla | Alpha-galactosidase. (420 aa) |
| | Scp2 | Non-specific lipid-transfer protein; Mediates in vitro the transfer of all common phospholipids, cholesterol and gangliosides between membranes. May play a role in regulating steroidogenesis. (643 aa) |
| | Echdc1 | Ethylmalonyl-CoA decarboxylase; Decarboxylates ethylmalonyl-CoA, a potentially toxic metabolite, to form butyryl-CoA, suggesting it might be involved in metabolite proofreading. Also has methylmalonyl-CoA decarboxylase activity at lower level; Belongs to the enoyl-CoA hydratase/isomerase family. (299 aa) |
| | Napepld | N-acyl-phosphatidylethanolamine-hydrolyzing phospholipase D; Hydrolyzes N-acyl-phosphatidylethanolamines (NAPEs) to produce N-acylethanolamines (NAEs) and phosphatidic acid. Responsible for the generation of these bioactive fatty acid ethanolamides (FAEs), including anandamide (N-arachidonoylethanolamine), the ligand of cannabinoid and vanilloid receptors. As a regulator of lipid metabolism in the adipose tissue, mediates the crosstalk between adipocytes, gut microbiota and immune cells to control body temperature and weight. In particular, regulates energy homeostasis by promoting col [...] (396 aa) |
| | Hadh | Hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase, mitochondrial; Plays an essential role in the mitochondrial beta-oxidation of short chain fatty acids. Exerts it highest activity toward 3- hydroxybutyryl-CoA; Belongs to the 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase family. (314 aa) |
| | Cel | Bile salt-activated lipase; Catalyzes the hydrolysis of a wide range of substrates including cholesteryl esters, phospholipids, lysophospholipids, di- and tri-acylglycerols, and fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFA). Preferentially hydrolyzes FAHFAs with the ester bond further away from the carboxylate. Unsaturated FAHFAs are hydrolyzed more quickly than saturated FAHFAs (By similarity). Has an essential role in the complete digestion of dietary lipids and their intestinal absorption, along with the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (By similarity). ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q64285. (612 aa) |
| | Lypla2 | Acyl-protein thioesterase 2; Hydrolyzes fatty acids from S-acylated cysteine residues in proteins such as trimeric G alpha proteins, GAP43, ZDHHC6 or HRAS. Deacylates GAP43. Mediates depalmitoylation of ZDHHC6 (By similarity). Has lysophospholipase activity (By similarity). (231 aa) |
| | Acot7 | Cytosolic acyl coenzyme A thioester hydrolase; Acyl-CoA thioesterases are a group of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of acyl-CoAs to the free fatty acid and coenzyme A (CoASH), providing the potential to regulate intracellular levels of acyl-CoAs, free fatty acids and CoASH. Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 7/ACOT7 preferentially hydrolyzes palmitoyl-CoA, but has a broad specificity acting on other fatty acyl-CoAs with chain-lengths of C8-C18. May play an important physiological function in brain. (381 aa) |
| | Cyp39a1 | Cytochrome P450, family 39, subfamily a, polypeptide 1 (Predicted), isoform CRA_a; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (465 aa) |
| | Cpt1b | Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, muscle isoform; Belongs to the carnitine/choline acetyltransferase family. (772 aa) |
| | Ivd | Isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial. (424 aa) |
| | Hexa | Beta-hexosaminidase subunit alpha; Responsible for the degradation of GM2 gangliosides, and a variety of other molecules containing terminal N-acetyl hexosamines, in the brain and other tissues. (528 aa) |
| | Acot2 | Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 2, mitochondrial; Acyl-CoA thioesterases are a group of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of acyl-CoAs to the free fatty acid and coenzyme A (CoASH), providing the potential to regulate intracellular levels of acyl-CoAs, free fatty acids and CoASH (By similarity). Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 2/ACOT2 displays higher activity toward long chain acyl CoAs (C14-C20). The enzyme is involved in enhancing the hepatic fatty acid oxidation in mitochondria (By similarity). Belongs to the C/M/P thioester hydrolase family. (453 aa) |
| | Etfdh | Electron transfer flavoprotein-ubiquinone oxidoreductase, mitochondrial; Accepts electrons from ETF and reduces ubiquinone. Belongs to the ETF-QO/FixC family. (616 aa) |
| | Acadm | Medium-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial; Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase specific for acyl chain lengths of 4 to 16 that catalyzes the initial step of fatty acid beta-oxidation. Utilizes the electron transfer flavoprotein (ETF) as an electron acceptor to transfer electrons to the main mitochondrial respiratory chain via ETF-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (ETF dehydrogenase). (421 aa) |
| | Enpp6 | Glycerophosphocholine cholinephosphodiesterase ENPP6; Choline-specific glycerophosphodiesterase that hydrolyzes glycerophosphocholine (GPC) and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and contributes to supplying choline to the cells. Has a preference for LPC with short (12:0 and 14:0) or polyunsaturated (18:2 and 20:4) fatty acids. In vitro, hydrolyzes only choline-containing lysophospholipids, such as sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC), platelet-activating factor (PAF) and lysoPAF, but not other lysophospholipids. Belongs to the nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family. (440 aa) |
| | Cyp7a1 | Cytochrome P450 7A1; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of endogenous cholesterol and its oxygenated derivatives (oxysterols). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase). Functions as a critical regulatory enzyme of bile acid biosynthesis and cholesterol homeostasis. Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon hydrogen bond at 7-alpha position of cholesterol, a rate-limiting st [...] (503 aa) |
| | Plbd1 | Phospholipase B-like 1 chain A; Exhibits weak phospholipase activity, acting on various phospholipids, including phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylethanolamine and lysophospholipids. However, in view of the small size of the putative binding pocket, it has been proposed that it may act rather as an amidase or a peptidase (By similarity). (550 aa) |
| | Eci1 | Enoyl-CoA delta isomerase 1, mitochondrial; Able to isomerize both 3-cis and 3-trans double bonds into the 2-trans form in a range of enoyl-CoA species. (289 aa) |
| | Pnpla7 | Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 7; Serine hydrolase, whose specific chemical modification by certain organophosphorus (OP) compounds leads to distal axonopathy. (1349 aa) |
| | Pex2 | Peroxisome biogenesis factor 2; Somewhat implicated in the biogenesis of peroxisomes; Belongs to the pex2/pex10/pex12 family. (305 aa) |
| | Angptl3 | Angiopoietin-like 3, isoform CRA_b. (455 aa) |
| | Plcz1 | 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase zeta-1; The production of the second messenger molecules diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) is mediated by activated phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C enzymes. In vitro, hydrolyzes PtdIns(4,5)P2 in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner. Triggers intracellular Ca(2+) oscillations in oocytes solely during M phase and is involved in inducing oocyte activation and initiating embryonic development up to the blastocyst stage. Is therefore a strong candidate for the egg-activating soluble sperm factor that is t [...] (645 aa) |
| | Decr1 | 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase, mitochondrial; Auxiliary enzyme of beta-oxidation. It participates in the metabolism of unsaturated fatty enoyl-CoA esters having double bonds in both even- and odd-numbered positions in mitochondria. Catalyzes the NADP-dependent reduction of 2,4-dienoyl-CoA to yield trans-3-enoyl-CoA. (335 aa) |
| | Pla2g4f | Phospholipase A2. (733 aa) |
| | Abhd12 | Lysophosphatidylserine lipase ABHD12; Lysophosphatidylserine (LPS) lipase that mediates the hydrolysis of lysophosphatidylserine, a class of signaling lipids that regulates immunological and neurological processes (By similarity). Represents a major lysophosphatidylserine lipase in the brain, thereby playing a key role in the central nervous system (By similarity). Also able to hydrolyze oxidized phosphatidylserine; oxidized phosphatidylserine is produced in response to severe inflammatory stress and constitutes a proapoptotic 'eat me' signal. Also has monoacylglycerol (MAG) lipase act [...] (398 aa) |
| | Acat1 | Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, mitochondrial; This is one of the enzymes that catalyzes the last step of the mitochondrial beta-oxidation pathway, an aerobic process breaking down fatty acids into acetyl-CoA. Using free coenzyme A/CoA, catalyzes the thiolytic cleavage of medium- to long-chain 3-oxoacyl-CoAs into acetyl-CoA and a fatty acyl-CoA shortened by two carbon atoms. The activity of the enzyme is reversible and it can also catalyze the condensation of two acetyl-CoA molecules into acetoacetyl-CoA. Thereby, it plays a major role in ketone body metabolism. Belongs to the thiolase-l [...] (424 aa) |
| | Acox2 | Peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 2; Oxidizes the CoA esters of the bile acid intermediates di- and tri-hydroxycoprostanic acids. Capable of oxidizing short as well as long chain 2-methyl branched fatty acids. (681 aa) |
| | Acer2 | Alkaline ceramidase; Hydrolyzes the sphingolipid ceramide into sphingosine and free fatty acid. (275 aa) |
| | Cyp46a1 | Cytochrome P450, family 46, subfamily a, polypeptide 1; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (500 aa) |
| | Gpihbp1 | Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored high density lipoprotein-binding protein 1. (236 aa) |
| | Abhd1 | Protein ABHD1. (412 aa) |
| | Srd5a2 | 3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase 2; Converts testosterone (T) into 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and progesterone or corticosterone into their corresponding 5- alpha-3-oxosteroids. It plays a central role in sexual differentiation and androgen physiology (By similarity). (254 aa) |
| | Cyp4f1 | Cytochrome P450 4F1; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of arachidonic acid and its oxygenated derivatives. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase). Participates in the conversion of arachidonic acid to omega-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE), a signaling molecule acting both as vasoconstrictive and natriuretic with overall effect on arterial blood pressure. May p [...] (524 aa) |
| | Plcb1 | 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1; The production of the second messenger molecules diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) is mediated by activated phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C enzymes. (1135 aa) |
| | Hao1 | Hydroxyacid oxidase 1 (Mapped). (370 aa) |
| | Lpin1 | RCG61514, isoform CRA_a. (924 aa) |
| | Galc | Galactosylceramidase. (684 aa) |
| | Lct | Lactase-phlorizin hydrolase; LPH splits lactose in the small intestine; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 1 family. (1929 aa) |
| | Apoa2 | Proapolipoprotein A-II; May stabilize HDL (high density lipoprotein) structure by its association with lipids, and affect the HDL metabolism; Belongs to the apolipoprotein A2 family. (102 aa) |
| | Adora1 | Adenosine receptor A1; Receptor for adenosine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase. (326 aa) |
| | Gcdh | Glutaryl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase (Predicted). (447 aa) |
| | Pla2g10 | Group 10 secretory phospholipase A2; PA2 catalyzes the calcium-dependent hydrolysis of the 2-acyl groups in 3-sn-phosphoglycerides. Has a powerful potency for releasing arachidonic acid from cell membrane phospholipids (By similarity). Belongs to the phospholipase A2 family. (151 aa) |
| | Plcd3 | Phosphoinositide phospholipase C. (788 aa) |
| | Pafah1b1 | Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase IB subunit alpha; Required for proper activation of Rho GTPases and actin polymerization at the leading edge of locomoting cerebellar neurons and postmigratory hippocampal neurons in response to calcium influx triggered via NMDA receptors. Non-catalytic subunit of an acetylhydrolase complex which inactivates platelet-activating factor (PAF) by removing the acetyl group at the SN-2 position (By similarity). Positively regulates the activity of the minus-end directed microtubule motor protein dynein. May enhance dynein-mediated microtubule slidi [...] (410 aa) |
| | Hsd17b6 | 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 6; NAD-dependent oxidoreductase with broad substrate specificity that shows both oxidative and reductive activity (in vitro). Has retinol dehydrogenase activity towards all-trans-retinol (in vitro) (By similarity). Has 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity towards various steroids (in vitro). Converts 5-alpha-androstan-3-alpha,17- beta-diol to androsterone and estradiol to estrone (in vitro). Has 3- alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity towards androsterone (in vitro); Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family. (345 aa) |
| | Naaa | N-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidase subunit alpha; Degrades bioactive fatty acid amides to their corresponding acids, with the following preference: N-palmitoylethanolamine > N- myristoylethanolamine > N-stearoylethanolamine > N-oleoylethanolamine > N-linoleoylethanolamine > N-arachidonoylethanolamine. (362 aa) |
| | Hsd17b11 | Estradiol 17-beta-dehydrogenase 11; Can convert androstan-3-alpha,17-beta-diol (3-alpha-diol) to androsterone in vitro, suggesting that it may participate in androgen metabolism during steroidogenesis. May act by metabolizing compounds that stimulate steroid synthesis and/or by generating metabolites that inhibit it. Has no activity toward DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone), or A- dione (4-androste-3,17-dione), and only a slight activity toward testosterone to A-dione; Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family. 17-beta-HSD 3 subfamily. (298 aa) |
| | Sult1e1 | Estrogen sulfotransferase Ste2; Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as sulfonate donor to catalyze the sulfate conjugation of estradiol and estrone. May play a role in the regulation of estrogen receptor activity by metabolizing free estradiol (By similarity). (295 aa) |
| | Adipoq | Adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain-containing. (244 aa) |
| | Ehhadh | Enoyl-CoA hydratase/3,2-trans-enoyl-CoA isomerase; In the N-terminal section; belongs to the enoyl-CoA hydratase/isomerase family. (722 aa) |
| | Plaat1 | HRAS-like suppressor (Predicted), isoform CRA_b. (167 aa) |
| | Plbd2 | Putative phospholipase B-like 2; Putative phospholipase; Belongs to the phospholipase B-like family. (585 aa) |
| | Aldh2 | Aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial. (519 aa) |
| | Acads | Short-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial; Short-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase is one of the acyl-CoA dehydrogenases that catalyze the first step of mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation, an aerobic process breaking down fatty acids into acetyl-CoA and allowing the production of energy from fats. The first step of fatty acid beta-oxidation consists in the removal of one hydrogen from C-2 and C-3 of the straight-chain fatty acyl-CoA thioester, resulting in the formation of trans-2-enoyl- CoA. Among the different mitochondrial acyl-CoA dehydrogenases, short-cha [...] (414 aa) |
| | Pla2g1b | Phospholipase A2; PA2 catalyzes the calcium-dependent hydrolysis of the 2-acyl groups in 3-sn-phosphoglycerides, this releases glycerophospholipids and arachidonic acid that serve as the precursors of signal molecules; Belongs to the phospholipase A2 family. (146 aa) |
| | Psap | Saposin-B-Val; [Prosaposin]: Behaves as a myelinotrophic and neurotrophic factor, these effects are mediated by its G-protein-coupled receptors, GPR37 and GPR37L1, undergoing ligand-mediated internalization followed by ERK phosphorylation signaling. Saposin-B stimulates the hydrolysis of galacto-cerebroside sulfate by arylsulfatase A (EC 3.1.6.8), GM1 gangliosides by beta- galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23) and globotriaosylceramide by alpha- galactosidase A (EC 3.2.1.22). Saposin-B forms a solubilizing complex with the substrates of the sphingolipid hydrolases. Saposins are specific low-mol [...] (557 aa) |
| | Smpd2 | Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 2; Converts sphingomyelin to ceramide. Hydrolyze 1-acyl-2-lyso- sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (lyso-PC) and 1-O-alkyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero- 3-phosphocholine (lyso-platelet-activating factor). The physiological substrate seems to be Lyso-PAF. (422 aa) |
| | Cyp19a1 | Aromatase; Catalyzes the formation of aromatic C18 estrogens from C19 androgens. (503 aa) |
