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Six3 Six3 Aldh1a2 Aldh1a2 Bmpr1a Bmpr1a Tbx19 Tbx19 Pou1f1 Pou1f1 Gsx1 Gsx1 Hes1 Hes1 Prop1 Prop1 Pou3f2 Pou3f2 Gli1 Gli1 Gli2 Gli2 Ghrh Ghrh Nkx2-1 Nkx2-1 Ets1 Ets1 Bmp4 Bmp4 Otp Otp Pcsk1 Pcsk1 Pitx1 Pitx1 Ghrhr Ghrhr Sox2 Sox2 Fgf10 Fgf10 Gata2 Gata2 Isl1 Isl1 Wnt4 Wnt4 Creb1 Creb1 Sall1 Sall1 Hesx1 Hesx1 Tcf7l2 Tcf7l2 Wnt5a Wnt5a Fgf2 Fgf2 Fgf8 Fgf8 Srd5a1 Srd5a1 Duox2 Duox2 Cdh1 Cdh1 Bmp2 Bmp2 Nog Nog Drd2 Drd2 Lhx3 Lhx3 Pitx2 Pitx2 Tcf7l2-2 Tcf7l2-2 Kdm1a Kdm1a Hmga2 Hmga2 Rbpj Rbpj Aldh1a3 Aldh1a3 Adcyap1 Adcyap1 Slc6a3 Slc6a3 Pax6 Pax6 Inhbb Inhbb
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Network nodes represent proteins
splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
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colored nodes:
query proteins and first shell of interactors
white nodes:
second shell of interactors
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empty nodes:
proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
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Edges represent protein-protein associations
associations are meant to be specific and meaningful, i.e. proteins jointly contribute to a shared function; this does not necessarily mean they are physically binding to each other.
Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
Others
textmining
co-expression
protein homology
Your Input:
Six3SIX homeobox 3. (336 aa)
Aldh1a2Retinal dehydrogenase 2; Converts retinaldehyde to retinoic acid. Recognizes as substrates free retinal and cellular retinol-binding protein-bound retinal. Can metabolize octanal and decanal, but has only very low activity with benzaldehyde, acetaldehyde and propanal. Displays complete lack of activity with citral. (518 aa)
Bmpr1aBone morphogenetic protein receptor type-1A; On ligand binding, forms a receptor complex consisting of two type II and two type I transmembrane serine/threonine kinases. Type II receptors phosphorylate and activate type I receptors which autophosphorylate, then bind and activate SMAD transcriptional regulators. Receptor for BMP2, BMP4, GDF5 and GDF6. Positively regulates chondrocyte differentiation through GDF5 interaction. Mediates induction of adipogenesis by GDF6. (532 aa)
Tbx19T-box transcription factor 19. (212 aa)
Pou1f1Pituitary-specific positive transcription factor 1; Transcription factor involved in the specification of the lactotrope, somatotrope, and thyrotrope phenotypes in the developing anterior pituitary. Activates growth hormone and prolactin genes. Specifically binds to the consensus sequence 5'-TAAAT-3'. Belongs to the POU transcription factor family. Class-1 subfamily. (291 aa)
Gsx1Genomic screened homeo box 1 (Predicted). (261 aa)
Hes1Transcription factor HES-1; Transcriptional repressor of genes that require a bHLH protein for their transcription. May act as a negative regulator of myogenesis by inhibiting the functions of MYOD1 and ASH1. Binds DNA on N-box motifs: 5'-CACNAG-3' with high affinity and on E-box motifs: 5'- CANNTG-3' with low affinity. May play a role in a functional FA core complex response to DNA cross-link damage, being required for the stability and nuclear localization of FA core complex proteins, as well as for FANCD2 monoubiquitination in response to DNA damage (By similarity). (281 aa)
Prop1PROP paired-like homeobox 1. (223 aa)
Pou3f2POU domain, class 3, transcription factor 2; Transcription factor that plays a key role in neuronal differentiation (By similarity). Binds preferentially to the recognition sequence which consists of two distinct half-sites, ('GCAT') and ('TAAT'), separated by a non-conserved spacer region of 0, 2, or 3 nucleotides. The combination of three transcription factors, ASCL1, POU3F2/BRN2 and MYT1L, is sufficient to reprogram fibroblasts and other somatic cells into induced neuronal (iN) cells in vitro (By similarity). Acts downstream of ASCL1, accessing chromatin that has been opened by ASCL [...] (445 aa)
Gli1GLI-Kruppel family member GLI1. (1109 aa)
Gli2GLI family zinc finger 2. (1544 aa)
GhrhSomatoliberin; GRF is released by the hypothalamus and acts on the adenohypophyse to stimulate the secretion of growth hormone; Belongs to the glucagon family. (138 aa)
Nkx2-1Homeobox protein Nkx-2.1; Transcription factor that binds and activates the promoter of thyroid specific genes such as thyroglobulin, thyroperoxidase, and thyrotropin receptor. Crucial in the maintenance of the thyroid differentiation phenotype. May play a role in lung development and surfactant homeostasis. Forms a regulatory loop with GRHL2 that coordinates lung epithelial cell morphogenesis and differentiation (By similarity). Activates the transcription of GNRHR and plays a role in enhancing the circadian oscillation of its gene expression. Represses the transcription of the circad [...] (372 aa)
Ets1Protein C-ets-1; Transcription factor. Directly controls the expression of cytokine and chemokine genes in a wide variety of different cellular contexts. May control the differentiation, survival and proliferation of lymphoid cells. May also regulate angiogenesis through regulation of expression of genes controlling endothelial cell migration and invasion (By similarity); Belongs to the ETS family. (441 aa)
Bmp4Bone morphogenetic protein 4; Induces cartilage and bone formation. Acts in concert with PTHLH/PTHRP to stimulate ductal outgrowth during embryonic mammary development and to inhibit hair follicle induction (By similarity). (408 aa)
OtpOrthopedia homolog (Drosophila), isoform CRA_a. (325 aa)
Pcsk1Neuroendocrine convertase 1; Involved in the processing of hormone and other protein precursors at sites comprised of pairs of basic amino acid residues. Substrates include POMC, renin, enkephalin, dynorphin, somatostatin, insulin and AGRP; Belongs to the peptidase S8 family. Furin subfamily. (752 aa)
Pitx1Pituitary homeobox 1; Sequence-specific transcription factor that binds gene promoters and activates their transcription. May play a role in the development of anterior structures, and in particular, the brain and facies and in specifying the identity or structure of hindlimb. (315 aa)
GhrhrGrowth hormone-releasing hormone receptor; Receptor for GRF, coupled to G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase. Stimulates somatotroph cell growth, growth hormone gene transcription and growth hormone secretion; Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 2 family. (464 aa)
Sox2SRY-box transcription factor 2. (319 aa)
Fgf10Fibroblast growth factor 10; Plays an important role in the regulation of embryonic development, cell proliferation and cell differentiation. Required for normal branching morphogenesis. May play a role in wound healing; Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family. (215 aa)
Gata2Endothelial transcription factor GATA-2; Transcriptional activator which regulates endothelin-1 gene expression in endothelial cells. Binds to the consensus sequence 5'- AGATAG-3' (By similarity). Plays an important role in the regulation of phagocytosis in alveolar macrophages, particularly during P.carinii infection. (480 aa)
Isl1Insulin gene enhancer protein ISL-1; DNA-binding transcriptional activator. Recognizes and binds to the consensus octamer binding site 5'-ATAATTAA-3' in promoter of target genes. Plays a fundamental role in the gene regulatory network essential for retinal ganglion cell (RGC) differentiation. Cooperates with the transcription factor POU4F2 to achieve maximal levels of expression of RGC target genes and RGC fate specification in the developing retina. Involved in the specification of motor neurons in cooperation with LHX3 and LDB1 (By similarity). Binds to insulin gene enhancer sequence [...] (349 aa)
Wnt4Protein Wnt-4; Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors. Plays an important role in the embryonic development of the urogenital tract and the lung. Required for normal mesenchyme to epithelium transition during embryonic kidney development. Required for the formation of early epithelial renal vesicles during kidney development. Required for normal formation of the Mullerian duct in females, and normal levels of oocytes in the ovaries. Required for normal down-regulation of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the ovary. Required for normal lung devel [...] (351 aa)
Creb1Cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1; Phosphorylation-dependent transcription factor that stimulates transcription upon binding to the DNA cAMP response element (CRE), a sequence present in many viral and cellular promoters. Transcription activation is enhanced by the TORC coactivators which act independently of Ser-117 phosphorylation. Involved in different cellular processes including the synchronization of circadian rhythmicity and the differentiation of adipose cells (By similarity). Belongs to the bZIP family. (341 aa)
Sall1Spalt-like transcription factor 1. (1315 aa)
Hesx1Similar to anterior-restricted homeobox protein (Predicted). (185 aa)
Tcf7l2Transcription factor 7-like 2. (513 aa)
Wnt5aProtein Wnt-5a; Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors. Can activate or inhibit canonical Wnt signaling, depending on receptor context. In the presence of FZD4, activates beta-catenin signaling. In the presence of ROR2, inhibits the canonical Wnt pathway by promoting beta-catenin degradation through a GSK3-independent pathway which involves down-regulation of beta- catenin-induced reporter gene expression (By similarity). Suppression of the canonical pathway allows chondrogenesis to occur and inhibits tumor formation. Stimulates cell migration. Decre [...] (380 aa)
Fgf2Fibroblast growth factor 2; Acts as a ligand for FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4. Also acts as an integrin ligand which is required for FGF2 signaling. Binds to integrin ITGAV:ITGB3. Plays an important role in the regulation of cell survival, cell division, cell differentiation and cell migration. Functions as a potent mitogen in vitro. Can induce angiogenesis. (154 aa)
Fgf8Fibroblast growth factor; Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family. (204 aa)
Srd5a13-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase 1; Converts testosterone into 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone and progesterone or corticosterone into their corresponding 5-alpha-3- oxosteroids. It plays a central role in sexual differentiation and androgen physiology. (255 aa)
Duox2Dual oxidase 2; Generates hydrogen peroxide which is required for the activity of thyroid peroxidase/TPO and lactoperoxidase/LPO. Plays a role in thyroid hormones synthesis and lactoperoxidase-mediated antimicrobial defense at the surface of mucosa. May have its own peroxidase activity through its N-terminal peroxidase-like domain. (1517 aa)
Cdh1Cadherin-1; Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins. They preferentially interact with themselves in a homophilic manner in connecting cells; cadherins may thus contribute to the sorting of heterogeneous cell types. CDH1 is involved in mechanisms regulating cell-cell adhesions, mobility and proliferation of epithelial cells. Has a potent invasive suppressor role. It is a ligand for integrin alpha-E/beta-7. (886 aa)
Bmp2Bone morphogenetic protein 2; Induces cartilage and bone formation. Stimulates the differentiation of myoblasts into osteoblasts via the EIF2AK3-EIF2A- ATF4 pathway. BMP2 activation of EIF2AK3 stimulates phosphorylation of EIF2A which leads to increased expression of ATF4 which plays a central role in osteoblast differentiation. In addition stimulates TMEM119, which upregulates the expression of ATF4. Belongs to the TGF-beta family. (394 aa)
NogNoggin; Essential for cartilage morphogenesis and joint formation. Inhibitor of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) signaling which is required for growth and patterning of the neural tube and somite (By similarity). Inhibits chondrocyte differentiation through its interaction with GDF5 and, probably, GDF6 (By similarity). (232 aa)
Drd2D(2) dopamine receptor; Dopamine receptor whose activity is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase. (444 aa)
Lhx3RCG45383, isoform CRA_b. (402 aa)
Pitx2Pituitary homeobox 2; Controls cell proliferation in a tissue-specific manner and is involved in morphogenesis. During embryonic development, exerts a role in the expansion of muscle progenitors. May play a role in the proper localization of asymmetric organs such as the heart and stomach (By similarity). (324 aa)
Tcf7l2-2CTNNB1_binding domain-containing protein. (155 aa)
Kdm1aLysine-specific histone demethylase; Histone demethylase that demethylates both 'Lys-4' (H3K4me) and 'Lys-9' (H3K9me) of histone H3, thereby acting as a coactivator or a corepressor, depending on the context. Acts by oxidizing the substrate by FAD to generate the corresponding imine that is subsequently hydrolyzed. Acts as a corepressor by mediating demethylation of H3K4me, a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation. Demethylates both mono- (H3K4me1) and di-methylated (H3K4me2) H3K4me; Belongs to the flavin monoamine oxidase family. (867 aa)
Hmga2Non-histone chromosomal architectural protein HMGI-C. (107 aa)
RbpjRecombining binding protein suppressor of hairless (Drosophila) (Predicted), isoform CRA_a. (465 aa)
Aldh1a3Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member A3; NAD-dependent aldehyde dehydrogenase that catalyzes the formation of retinoic acid (By similarity). Has high activity with all- trans retinal, and has much lower in vitro activity with acetaldehyde (By similarity). Required for the biosynthesis of normal levels of retinoic acid in the embryonic ocular and nasal regions; retinoic acid is required for normal embryonic development of the eye and the nasal region (By similarity). (512 aa)
Adcyap1Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide 27; Binding to its receptor activates G proteins and stimulates adenylate cyclase in pituitary cells (By similarity). Promotes neuron projection development through the RAPGEF2/Rap1/B-Raf/ERK pathway. In chromaffin cells, induces long-lasting increase of intracellular calcium concentrations and neuroendocrine secretion. Involved in the control of glucose homeostasis, induces insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells (By similarity). ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q29W19. (175 aa)
Slc6a3Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter; Amine transporter. Terminates the action of dopamine by its high affinity sodium-dependent reuptake into presynaptic terminals. Belongs to the sodium:neurotransmitter symporter (SNF) (TC 2.A.22) family. SLC6A3 subfamily. (619 aa)
Pax6Paired box protein Pax-6; Transcription factor with important functions in the development of the eye, nose, central nervous system and pancreas. Required for the differentiation of pancreatic islet alpha cells. Competes with PAX4 in binding to a common element in the glucagon, insulin and somatostatin promoters (By similarity). Regulates specification of the ventral neuron subtypes by establishing the correct progenitor domains; Belongs to the paired homeobox family. (433 aa)
InhbbInhibin beta B chain; Inhibins and activins inhibit and activate, respectively, the secretion of follitropin by the pituitary gland. Inhibins/activins are involved in regulating a number of diverse functions such as hypothalamic and pituitary hormone secretion, gonadal hormone secretion, germ cell development and maturation, erythroid differentiation, insulin secretion, nerve cell survival, embryonic axial development or bone growth, depending on their subunit composition. Inhibins appear to oppose the functions of activins. (407 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Rattus norvegicus
NCBI taxonomy Id: 10116
Other names: Buffalo rat, Norway rat, R. norvegicus, Rattus PC12 clone IS, Rattus sp. strain Wistar, Sprague-Dawley rat, Wistar rats, brown rat, laboratory rat, rat, rats, zitter rats
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