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Cnga1 Cnga1 Porcn Porcn Pkd1l1 Pkd1l1 Kcna4 Kcna4 Akap6 Akap6 Scn3a Scn3a Scn2a Scn2a Kcnip1 Kcnip1 Sacm1l Sacm1l Kcnj3 Kcnj3 Kcnmb1 Kcnmb1 Grin3a Grin3a Cngb3 Cngb3 Scn8a Scn8a Pde4b Pde4b Cacng2 Cacng2 Hspa2 Hspa2 Htr3a Htr3a Eps8 Eps8 Gria4 Gria4 Htr3b Htr3b Atp5mc1 Atp5mc1 Gria3 Gria3 Stac3 Stac3 Abhd12 Abhd12 Cacna2d4 Cacna2d4 Bsg Bsg Grin2b Grin2b Hcn2 Hcn2 Kcnd1 Kcnd1 Mcub Mcub Fkbp1a Fkbp1a Hcn4 Hcn4 Htr2a Htr2a Olfm1 Olfm1 Htr1a Htr1a Kcnh2 Kcnh2 Pkd1 Pkd1 Pde4d Pde4d Catsper3 Catsper3 Pex5l Pex5l Micu2 Micu2 Lrrc26 Lrrc26 Kcns2 Kcns2 Cnga2 Cnga2 Cacng3 Cacng3 Scn4a Scn4a Micu3 Micu3 Grin3b Grin3b Htr1b Htr1b Kcnj8 Kcnj8 Kcns1 Kcns1 Kcnq5 Kcnq5 Kcnd3 Kcnd3 Lrrc38 Lrrc38 Trpv6 Trpv6 Trpv5 Trpv5 Cacna2d2 Cacna2d2 Kcng4 Kcng4 Scn2b Scn2b Catsper4 Catsper4 Calm3 Calm3 Cnga4 Cnga4 Scnn1g Scnn1g Olfm3 Olfm3 Kcnj2 Kcnj2 Cacna1b Cacna1b Kcng3 Kcng3 Kcnc2 Kcnc2 Lrrc52 Lrrc52 Efcab9 Efcab9 Cacng5 Cacng5 Grin2c Grin2c Scn11a Scn11a Cpt1c Cpt1c Ptk2b Ptk2b Grin1 Grin1 Kcnk4 Kcnk4 Abcc8 Abcc8 Kcnj11 Kcnj11 Kcnq1 Kcnq1 Olfm2 Olfm2 Hcn3 Hcn3 Grik5 Grik5 Cnih2 Cnih2 Kcnc3 Kcnc3 Kcna1 Kcna1 Kcna5 Kcna5 Ptpa Ptpa LOC100911951 LOC100911951 Cacng4 Cacng4 Cacng1 Cacng1 Cacna1e Cacna1e Dlg3 Dlg3 Kcnk2 Kcnk2 Dpp10 Dpp10 Pkd2 Pkd2 Kcne1 Kcne1 Scn4b Scn4b Lrrc55 Lrrc55 Cacna2d1 Cacna2d1 Cnih3 Cnih3 Fbxl6 Fbxl6 Unc80 Unc80 Cacnb2 Cacnb2 Catsper2 Catsper2 Vwc2l Vwc2l Ryr3 Ryr3 Kcnip2 Kcnip2 Kcnq2 Kcnq2 Trpm4 Trpm4 Trdn Trdn Kcnip4 Kcnip4 Grin2a Grin2a Cacna1h Cacna1h Trpc4 Trpc4 Cacna1d Cacna1d Dpp6 Dpp6 Itpr1 Itpr1 Scn7a Scn7a Kcne2 Kcne2 Grik1 Grik1 Grik4 Grik4 Scn10a Scn10a Kcnj5 Kcnj5 Grik3 Grik3 Cacna1c Cacna1c Cttn Cttn Kcnb2 Kcnb2 Cttn-2 Cttn-2 Abcc9 Abcc9 Shisa6 Shisa6 Kcnj12 Kcnj12 Atp5mc3 Atp5mc3 Kcnmb3 Kcnmb3 Cacnb4 Cacnb4 Kcnma1 Kcnma1 Ryr2 Ryr2 Scn9a Scn9a Scn5a Scn5a Scnn1a Scnn1a Cacna1f Cacna1f Pkd2l1 Pkd2l1 Cngb1 Cngb1 Scnn1b Scnn1b Calm1 Calm1 Tmem262 Tmem262 Kcnq3 Kcnq3 Kcnb1 Kcnb1 Amigo1 Amigo1 Vwc2 Vwc2 Nrn1 Nrn1 Fkbp1b Fkbp1b Cacna1s Cacna1s Catsperd Catsperd Kcne5 Kcne5 Mcu Mcu Grik2 Grik2 Kcnh1 Kcnh1 Atp5mc2 Atp5mc2 Cacng7 Cacng7 Gria2 Gria2 Kcnk1 Kcnk1 Ccdc51 Ccdc51 Cacna1a Cacna1a Htr2c Htr2c Kcnj1 Kcnj1 Kcnmb2 Kcnmb2 Scn3b Scn3b Kcnip3 Kcnip3 Micu1 Micu1 Trpc5 Trpc5 Kcna6 Kcna6 Abcb8 Abcb8 Catsper1 Catsper1 Kcnab1 Kcnab1 Cacnb3 Cacnb3 LOC100362565 LOC100362565 Cacnb1 Cacnb1 Akap9 Akap9 Ryr1 Ryr1 Catsperg Catsperg Kcnab2 Kcnab2 Hcn1 Hcn1 Scn1a Scn1a Gria1 Gria1 Kcnc1 Kcnc1 Dlg4 Dlg4 Scn1b Scn1b Abhd6 Abhd6 Cacng6 Cacng6 Grin2d Grin2d Cacng8 Cacng8 Kcnmb4 Kcnmb4 Cnga3 Cnga3 Kcna3 Kcna3 Lrrtm4 Lrrtm4 Kcna2 Kcna2
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Cnga1cGMP-gated cation channel alpha-1; Subunit of the rod cyclic GMP-gated cation channel, which is involved in the final stage of the phototransduction pathway. When light hits rod photoreceptors, cGMP concentrations decrease causing rapid closure of CNGA1/CNGB1 channels and, therefore, hyperpolarization of the membrane potential. (683 aa)
PorcnPorcupine O-acyltransferase; Belongs to the membrane-bound acyltransferase family. (461 aa)
Pkd1l1Polycystin 1-like 1, transient receptor potential channel-interacting. (2605 aa)
Kcna4Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 4; Voltage-gated potassium channel that mediates transmembrane potassium transport in excitable membranes. Forms tetrameric potassium- selective channels through which potassium ions pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. The channel alternates between opened and closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane. Can form functional homotetrameric channels and heterotetrameric channels that contain variable proportions of KCNA1, KCNA2, KCNA4, KCNA5, and possibly other family members as well [...] (654 aa)
Akap6A-kinase anchor protein 6; Binds to type II regulatory subunits of protein kinase A and anchors/targets them to the nuclear membrane or sarcoplasmic reticulum. May act as an adapter for assembling multiprotein complexes (By similarity). (2314 aa)
Scn3aSodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha; Mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, forms a sodium- selective channel through which Na(+) ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient (By similarity). May contribute to the regulation of serotonin/5-hydroxytryptamine release by enterochromaffin cells (By similarity). In pancreatic endocrine cells, required for both glucagon and glucose-induced insulin secretion (By similarity). Belo [...] (1951 aa)
Scn2aSodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha; Mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which Na(+) ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. Implicated in the regulation of hippocampal replay occurring within sharp wave ripples (SPW-R) important for memory (By similarity). (1944 aa)
Kcnip1Kv channel-interacting protein 1; Regulatory subunit of Kv4/D (Shal)-type voltage-gated rapidly inactivating A-type potassium channels. Regulates channel density, inactivation kinetics and rate of recovery from inactivation in a calcium-dependent and isoform-specific manner. Modulates KCND2/Kv4.2 currents. In vitro, modulates KCND1/Kv4.1 currents (By similarity). Increases the presence of KCND2 at the cell surface. (236 aa)
Sacm1lPhosphatidylinositide phosphatase SAC1; Phosphoinositide phosphatase that hydrolyzes phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(3)P) and phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns(4)P) (By similarity). Has low activity towards PtdIns(3,5)P2. (587 aa)
Kcnj3G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 1; This potassium channel is controlled by G proteins. Inward rectifier potassium channels are characterized by a greater tendency to allow potassium to flow into the cell rather than out of it. Their voltage dependence is regulated by the concentration of extracellular potassium; as external potassium is raised, the voltage range of the channel opening shifts to more positive voltages. The inward rectification is mainly due to the blockage of outward current by internal magnesium. This receptor plays a crucial role in regulating t [...] (501 aa)
Kcnmb1Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit beta-1; Regulatory subunit of the calcium activated potassium KCNMA1 (maxiK) channel. Modulates the calcium sensitivity and gating kinetics of KCNMA1, thereby contributing to KCNMA1 channel diversity. Increases the apparent Ca(2+)/voltage sensitivity of the KCNMA1 channel. It also modifies KCNMA1 channel kinetics and alters its pharmacological properties. It slows down the activation and the deactivation kinetics of the channel. Acts as a negative regulator of smooth muscle contraction by enhancing the calcium sensitivity to KCNMA1. Its prese [...] (191 aa)
Grin3aGlutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A; NMDA receptor subtype of glutamate-gated ion channels with reduced single-channel conductance, low calcium permeability and low voltage-dependent sensitivity to magnesium. Mediated by glycine. May play a role in the development of dendritic spines. May also play a role in PPP2CB-NMDAR mediated signaling mechanism. (903 aa)
Cngb3Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel subunit beta 3. (690 aa)
Scn8aSodium channel protein type 8 subunit alpha; Mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which Na(+) ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. (1978 aa)
Pde4bcAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4B; Hydrolyzes the second messenger cAMP, which is a key regulator of many important physiological processes; Belongs to the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase family. PDE4 subfamily. (659 aa)
Cacng2Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit; Regulates the trafficking and gating properties of AMPA- selective glutamate receptors (AMPARs). Promotes their targeting to the cell membrane and synapses and modulates their gating properties by slowing their rates of activation, deactivation and desensitization. Does not show subunit-specific AMPA receptor regulation and regulates all AMPAR subunits. Thought to stabilize the calcium channel in an inactivated (closed) state. (323 aa)
Hspa2Heat shock-related 70 kDa protein 2; Molecular chaperone implicated in a wide variety of cellular processes, including protection of the proteome from stress, folding and transport of newly synthesized polypeptides, activation of proteolysis of misfolded proteins and the formation and dissociation of protein complexes. Plays a pivotal role in the protein quality control system, ensuring the correct folding of proteins, the re-folding of misfolded proteins and controlling the targeting of proteins for subsequent degradation. This is achieved through cycles of ATP binding, ATP hydrolysis [...] (633 aa)
Htr3a5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A; This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. This receptor is a ligand- gated ion channel, which when activated causes fast, depolarizing responses in neurons. It is a cation-specific, but otherwise relatively nonselective, ion channel; Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family. 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor (TC 1.A.9.2) subfamily. HTR3A sub- subfamily. (483 aa)
Eps8Epidermal growth factor receptor kinase substrate 8; Signaling adapter that controls various cellular protrusions by regulating actin cytoskeleton dynamics and architecture. Depending on its association with other signal transducers, can regulate different processes. Together with SOS1 and ABI1, forms a trimeric complex that participates in transduction of signals from Ras to Rac by activating the Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity. Acts as a direct regulator of actin dynamics by binding actin filaments and has both barbed-end actin filament capping and acti [...] (822 aa)
Gria4Glutamate receptor 4; Receptor for glutamate that functions as ligand-gated ion channel in the central nervous system and plays an important role in excitatory synaptic transmission. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. Binding of the excitatory neurotransmitter L-glutamate induces a conformation change, leading to the opening of the cation channel, and thereby converts the chemical signal to an electrical impulse. The receptor then desensitizes rapidly and enters a transient inactive state, characterized by the presence of [...] (902 aa)
Htr3b5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3B; This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. This receptor is a ligand- gated ion channel, which when activated causes fast, depolarizing responses. It is a cation-specific, but otherwise relatively nonselective, ion channel; Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family. 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor (TC 1.A.9.2) subfamily. HTR3B sub- subfamily. (437 aa)
Atp5mc1ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C1, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanis [...] (136 aa)
Gria3Glutamate receptor 3; Receptor for glutamate that functions as ligand-gated ion channel in the central nervous system and plays an important role in excitatory synaptic transmission. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. Binding of the excitatory neurotransmitter L-glutamate induces a conformation change, leading to the opening of the cation channel, and thereby converts the chemical signal to an electrical impulse. The receptor then desensitizes rapidly and enters a transient inactive state, characterized by the presence of [...] (888 aa)
Stac3SH3 and cysteine rich domain 3 (Predicted). (361 aa)
Abhd12Lysophosphatidylserine lipase ABHD12; Lysophosphatidylserine (LPS) lipase that mediates the hydrolysis of lysophosphatidylserine, a class of signaling lipids that regulates immunological and neurological processes (By similarity). Represents a major lysophosphatidylserine lipase in the brain, thereby playing a key role in the central nervous system (By similarity). Also able to hydrolyze oxidized phosphatidylserine; oxidized phosphatidylserine is produced in response to severe inflammatory stress and constitutes a proapoptotic 'eat me' signal. Also has monoacylglycerol (MAG) lipase act [...] (398 aa)
Cacna2d4Calcium voltage-gated channel auxiliary subunit alpha2delta 4. (1144 aa)
BsgBasigin; Plays an important role in targeting the monocarboxylate transporters SLC16A1, SLC16A3, SLC16A8, SLC16A11 and SLC16A12 to the plasma membrane. Plays pivotal roles in spermatogenesis, embryo implantation, neural network formation and tumor progression. Stimulates adjacent fibroblasts to produce matrix metalloproteinases (MMPS). Seems to be a receptor for oligomannosidic glycans. In vitro, promotes outgrowth of astrocytic processes. (388 aa)
Grin2bGlutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B; Component of NMDA receptor complexes that function as heterotetrameric, ligand-gated ion channels with high calcium permeability and voltage-dependent sensitivity to magnesium. Channel activation requires binding of the neurotransmitter glutamate to the epsilon subunit, glycine binding to the zeta subunit, plus membrane depolarization to eliminate channel inhibition by Mg(2+). Sensitivity to glutamate and channel kinetics depend on the subunit composition (Probable). In concert with DAPK1 at extrasynaptic sites, acts as a central mediator for str [...] (1482 aa)
Hcn2Potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 2; Hyperpolarization-activated ion channel exhibiting weak selectivity for potassium over sodium ions. Contributes to the native pacemaker currents in heart (If) and in neurons (Ih). Can also transport ammonium in the distal nephron. Produces a large instantaneous current. (847 aa)
Kcnd1Potassium voltage-gated channel, Shal-related family, member 1; Belongs to the potassium channel family. (650 aa)
McubMitochondrial calcium uniporter dominant negative beta subunit. (335 aa)
Fkbp1aPeptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP1A; Keeps in an inactive conformation TGFBR1, the TGF-beta type I serine/threonine kinase receptor, preventing TGF-beta receptor activation in absence of ligand. Recruits SMAD7 to ACVR1B which prevents the association of SMAD2 and SMAD3 with the activin receptor complex, thereby blocking the activin signal. May modulate the RYR1 calcium channel activity. PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides (By similarity); Belongs to the FKBP-type PPIase family. FKBP [...] (108 aa)
Hcn4Potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 4; Hyperpolarization-activated ion channel with very slow activation and inactivation exhibiting weak selectivity for potassium over sodium ions. May contribute to the native pacemaker currents in heart (If) that regulate the rhythm of heart beat. May contribute to the native pacemaker currents in neurons (Ih) (By similarity). May mediate responses to sour stimuli. (985 aa)
Htr2a5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A; G-protein coupled receptor for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). Also functions as a receptor for various drugs and psychoactive substances, including mescaline, psilocybin, 1-(2,5- dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOI) and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors. Beta-arrestin family members inhibit signaling via G proteins and mediate activation of alternative signaling pathways. S [...] (471 aa)
Olfm1Noelin; Contributes to the regulation of axonal growth in the embryonic and adult central nervous system by inhibiting interactions between RTN4R and LINGO1. Inhibits RTN4R-mediated axon growth cone collapse (By similarity). May play an important role in regulating the production of neural crest cells by the neural tube (By similarity). May be required for normal responses to olfactory stimuli (By similarity). (485 aa)
Htr1a5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A; G-protein coupled receptor for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). Also functions as a receptor for various drugs and psychoactive substances. Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors, such as adenylate cyclase. Beta-arrestin family members inhibit signaling via G proteins and mediate activation of alternative signaling pathways. Signaling inhibits adenylate cyclase activity and activates a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second [...] (422 aa)
Kcnh2Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2; Pore-forming (alpha) subunit of voltage-gated inwardly rectifying potassium channel. Channel properties are modulated by cAMP and subunit assembly. Mediates the rapidly activating component of the delayed rectifying potassium current in heart (IKr) (By similarity). Belongs to the potassium channel family. H (Eag) (TC 1.A.1.20) subfamily. Kv11.1/KCNH2 sub-subfamily. (1163 aa)
Pkd1Polycystin 1, transient receptor potential channel-interacting. (4292 aa)
Pde4dcAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4D; Hydrolyzes the second messenger cAMP, which is a key regulator of many important physiological processes; Belongs to the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase family. PDE4 subfamily. (733 aa)
Catsper3Cation channel, sperm-associated 3. (395 aa)
Pex5lPEX5-related protein; Accessory subunit of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels, regulating their cell-surface expression and cyclic nucleotide dependence. Belongs to the peroxisomal targeting signal receptor family. (602 aa)
Micu2Calcium uptake protein 2, mitochondrial; Key regulator of mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) required to limit calcium uptake by MCU when cytoplasmic calcium is low. MICU1 and MICU2 form a disulfide-linked heterodimer that stimulate and inhibit MCU activity, depending on the concentration of calcium. MICU2 acts as a gatekeeper of MCU that senses calcium level via its EF- hand domains: prevents channel opening at resting calcium, avoiding energy dissipation and cell-death triggering. (431 aa)
Lrrc26Leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 26; Auxiliary protein of the large-conductance, voltage and calcium-activated potassium channel (BK alpha). Required for the conversion of BK alpha channels from a high-voltage to a low-voltage activated channel type in non-excitable cells. These are characterized by negative membrane voltages and constant low levels of calcium (By similarity). (334 aa)
Kcns2Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily S member 2; Potassium channel subunit that does not form functional channels by itself. Can form functional heterotetrameric channels with KCNB1 and KCNB2; modulates the delayed rectifier voltage-gated potassium channel activation and deactivation rates of KCNB1 and KCNB2. (477 aa)
Cnga2Cyclic nucleotide-gated olfactory channel; Odorant signal transduction is probably mediated by a G- protein coupled cascade using cAMP as second messenger. The olfactory channel can be shown to be activated by cyclic nucleotides which leads to a depolarization of olfactory sensory neurons. (664 aa)
Cacng3Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-3 subunit; Regulates the trafficking to the somatodendritic compartment and gating properties of AMPA-selective glutamate receptors (AMPARs). Promotes their targeting to the cell membrane and synapses and modulates their gating properties by slowing their rates of activation, deactivation and desensitization. Does not show subunit-specific AMPA receptor regulation and regulates all AMPAR subunits. Thought to stabilize the calcium channel in an inactivated (closed) state. (315 aa)
Scn4aSodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha; PPore-forming subunit of a voltage-gated sodium channel complex through which Na(+) ions pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. Alternates between resting, activated and inactivated states. Required for normal muscle fiber excitability, normal muscle contraction and relaxation cycles, and constant muscle strength in the presence of fluctuating K(+) levels (By similarity). (1840 aa)
Micu3Mitochondrial calcium uptake family, member 3. (499 aa)
Grin3bGlutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B; NMDA receptor subtype of glutamate-gated ion channels with reduced single-channel conductance, low calcium permeability and low voltage-dependent sensitivity to magnesium. Mediated by glycine; Belongs to the glutamate-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.10.1) family. NR3B/GRIN3B subfamily. (1002 aa)
Htr1b5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B; G-protein coupled receptor for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). Also functions as a receptor for various alkaloids and psychoactive substances. Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors, such as adenylate cyclase. Signaling inhibits adenylate cyclase activity. Arrestin family members inhibit signaling via G proteins and mediate activation of alternative signaling pathways. Regulates the release of 5-hydroxytryptamine, dopami [...] (386 aa)
Kcnj8ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 8; This potassium channel is controlled by G proteins. Inward rectifier potassium channels are characterized by a greater tendency to allow potassium to flow into the cell rather than out of it. Their voltage dependence is regulated by the concentration of extracellular potassium; as external potassium is raised, the voltage range of the channel opening shifts to more positive voltages. The inward rectification is mainly due to the blockage of outward current by internal magnesium. Can be blocked by external barium. Belongs to the inward [...] (424 aa)
Kcns1Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily S member 1; Potassium channel subunit that does not form functional channels by itself. Can form functional heterotetrameric channels with KCNB1 and KCNB2; modulates the delayed rectifier voltage-gated potassium channel activation and deactivation rates of KCNB1 and KCNB2. (497 aa)
Kcnq5Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 5. (821 aa)
Kcnd3Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3; Pore-forming (alpha) subunit of voltage-gated rapidly inactivating A-type potassium channels. May contribute to I(To) current in heart and I(Sa) current in neurons. Channel properties are modulated by interactions with other alpha subunits and with regulatory subunits. Belongs to the potassium channel family. D (Shal) (TC 1.A.1.2) subfamily. Kv4.3/KCND3 sub-subfamily. (655 aa)
Lrrc38Leucine rich repeat containing 38 (Predicted). (298 aa)
Trpv6Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 6; Calcium selective cation channel that mediates Ca(2+) uptake in various tissues, including the intestine. Important for normal Ca(2+) ion homeostasis in the body, including bone and skin (By similarity). The channel is activated by low internal calcium level, probably including intracellular calcium store depletion, and the current exhibits an inward rectification. Inactivation includes both a rapid Ca(2+)-dependent and a slower Ca(2+)-calmodulin-dependent mechanism; the latter may be regulated by phosphorylation. In vit [...] (727 aa)
Trpv5Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 5; Constitutively active calcium selective cation channel thought to be involved in Ca(2+) reabsorption in kidney and intestine. Required for normal Ca(2+) reabsorption in the kidney distal convoluted tubules (By similarity). The channel is activated by low internal calcium level and the current exhibits an inward rectification (By similarity). A Ca(2+)-dependent feedback regulation includes fast channel inactivation and slow current decay (By similarity). Heteromeric assembly with TRPV6 seems to modify channel properties. [...] (723 aa)
Cacna2d2Voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-2; The alpha-2/delta subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels regulates calcium current density and activation/inactivation kinetics of the calcium channel. Acts as a regulatory subunit for P/Q- type calcium channel (CACNA1A), N-type (CACNA1B), L-type (CACNA1C OR CACNA1D) and possibly T-type (CACNA1G). Overexpression induces apoptosis (By similarity). (1157 aa)
Kcng4Potassium voltage-gated channel, subfamily G, member 4 (Predicted); Belongs to the potassium channel family. (506 aa)
Scn2bSodium channel subunit beta-2; Crucial in the assembly, expression, and functional modulation of the heterotrimeric complex of the sodium channel. The subunit beta-2 causes an increase in the plasma membrane surface area and in its folding into microvilli. Interacts with TNR may play a crucial role in clustering and regulation of activity of sodium channels at nodes of Ranvier. (215 aa)
Catsper4Cation channel, sperm-associated 4. (448 aa)
Calm3Calmodulin-1; Calmodulin mediates the control of a large number of enzymes, ion channels, aquaporins and other proteins through calcium-binding. Among the enzymes to be stimulated by the calmodulin-calcium complex are a number of protein kinases and phosphatases. Together with CCP110 and centrin, is involved in a genetic pathway that regulates the centrosome cycle and progression through cytokinesis. Mediates calcium- dependent inactivation of CACNA1C. Positively regulates calcium- activated potassium channel activity of KCNN2. (149 aa)
Cnga4Cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel alpha-4; Second messenger, cAMP, causes the opening of cation- selective cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels and depolarization of the neuron (olfactory sensory neurons, OSNs). CNGA4 is the modulatory subunit of this channel which is known to play a central role in the transduction of odorant signals and subsequent adaptation. By accelerating the calcium-mediated negative feedback in olfactory signaling it allows rapid adaptation to odor stimulation and extends its range of odor detection (By similarity). (575 aa)
Scnn1gAmiloride-sensitive sodium channel subunit gamma; Sodium permeable non-voltage-sensitive ion channel inhibited by the diuretic amiloride. Mediates the electrodiffusion of the luminal sodium (and water, which follows osmotically) through the apical membrane of epithelial cells. Plays an essential role in electrolyte and blood pressure homeostasis, but also in airway surface liquid homeostasis, which is important for proper clearance of mucus. Controls the reabsorption of sodium in kidney, colon, lung and sweat glands. Also plays a role in taste perception. (650 aa)
Olfm3Noelin-3. (478 aa)
Kcnj2Inward rectifier potassium channel 2; Probably participates in establishing action potential waveform and excitability of neuronal and muscle tissues. Inward rectifier potassium channels are characterized by a greater tendency to allow potassium to flow into the cell rather than out of it. Their voltage dependence is regulated by the concentration of extracellular potassium; as external potassium is raised, the voltage range of the channel opening shifts to more positive voltages. The inward rectification is mainly due to the blockage of outward current by internal magnesium. Can be bl [...] (427 aa)
Cacna1bVoltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B; Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hormone or neurotransmitter release, gene expression, cell motility, cell division and cell death. The isoform alpha-1B gives rise to N-type calcium currents. N-type calcium channels belong to the 'high-voltage activated' (HVA) group and are specifically blocked by omega-conotoxin- GVIA (AC P01522). They are however insensitive to dihydr [...] (2349 aa)
Kcng3Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily G member 3; Potassium channel subunit that does not form functional channels by itself. Can form functional heterotetrameric channels with KCNB1; modulates the delayed rectifier voltage-gated potassium channel activation and deactivation rates of KCNB1. Belongs to the potassium channel family. G (TC 1.A.1.2) subfamily. Kv6.3/KCNG3 sub-subfamily. (433 aa)
Kcnc2Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily C member 2; Voltage-gated potassium channel that mediates transmembrane potassium transport in excitable membranes, primarily in the brain. Contributes to the regulation of the fast action potential repolarization and in sustained high-frequency firing in neurons of the central nervous system. Homotetramer channels mediate delayed-rectifier voltage-dependent potassium currents that activate rapidly at high-threshold voltages and inactivate slowly. Forms tetrameric channels through which potassium ions pass in accordance with their electrochemic [...] (638 aa)
Lrrc52Leucine-rich repeat-containing 52. (314 aa)
Efcab9EF-hand calcium-binding domain 9. (216 aa)
Cacng5Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-5 subunit; Regulates the gating properties of AMPA-selective glutamate receptors (AMPARs). Modulates their gating properties by accelerating their rates of activation, deactivation and desensitization. Displays subunit-specific AMPA receptor regulation. Shows specificity for GRIA1, GRIA4 and the long isoform of GRIA2. According to shows only specificity for GRIA2 and specifically to the form of GRIA2 for which a single amino acid in the pore region has been edited from a glutamine to an arginine residue. Thought to stabilize the calcium channel i [...] (275 aa)
Grin2cGlutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C; Component of NMDA receptor complexes that function as heterotetrameric, ligand-gated ion channels with high calcium permeability and voltage-dependent sensitivity to magnesium. Channel activation requires binding of the neurotransmitter glutamate to the epsilon subunit, glycine binding to the zeta subunit, plus membrane depolarization to eliminate channel inhibition by Mg(2+). Sensitivity to glutamate and channel kinetics depend on the subunit composition (Probable). Plays a role in regulating the balance between excitatory and inhibitory activit [...] (1250 aa)
Scn11aSodium channel protein type 11 subunit alpha; This protein mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which sodium ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. It is a tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium channel isoform. Also involved, with the contribution of the receptor tyrosine kinase NTRK2, in rapid BDNF-evoked neuronal depolarization (By similarity). (1765 aa)
Cpt1cCarnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, brain isoform; May play a role in lipid metabolic process. Belongs to the carnitine/choline acetyltransferase family. (801 aa)
Ptk2bProtein-tyrosine kinase 2-beta; Non-receptor protein-tyrosine kinase that regulates reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, cell polarization, cell migration, adhesion, spreading and bone remodeling. Plays a role in the regulation of the humoral immune response, and is required for normal levels of marginal B-cells in the spleen and normal migration of splenic B-cells. Required for normal macrophage polarization and migration towards sites of inflammation. Regulates cytoskeleton rearrangement and cell spreading in T-cells, and contributes to the regulation of T-cell responses. Promot [...] (1009 aa)
Grin1Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1; Component of NMDA receptor complexes that function as heterotetrameric, ligand-gated ion channels with high calcium permeability and voltage-dependent sensitivity to magnesium. Channel activation requires binding of the neurotransmitter glutamate to the epsilon subunit, glycine binding to the zeta subunit, plus membrane depolarization to eliminate channel inhibition by Mg(2+). Sensitivity to glutamate and channel kinetics depend on the subunit composition. Belongs to the glutamate-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.10.1) family. NR1/GRIN1 subfamily. (943 aa)
Kcnk4Potassium channel subfamily K member 4; Voltage-insensitive potassium channel. Channel opening is triggered by mechanical forces that deform the membrane, and by raising the intracellular pH to basic levels. The channel is inactive at 24 degrees Celsius (in vitro); raising the temperature to 37 degrees Celsius increases the frequency of channel opening, with a further increase in channel activity when the temperature is raised to 42 degrees Celsius. Plays a role in the perception of pain caused by heat (By similarity). Plays a role in the sensory perception of pain caused by pressure ( [...] (397 aa)
Abcc8ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 8; Subunit of the beta-cell ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP). Regulator of ATP-sensitive K(+) channels and insulin release. Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCC family. Conjugate transporter (TC 3.A.1.208) subfamily. (1582 aa)
Kcnj11ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 11; This receptor is controlled by G proteins. Inward rectifier potassium channels are characterized by a greater tendency to allow potassium to flow into the cell rather than out of it. Their voltage dependence is regulated by the concentration of extracellular potassium; as external potassium is raised, the voltage range of the channel opening shifts to more positive voltages. The inward rectification is mainly due to the blockage of outward current by internal magnesium. Can be blocked by extracellular barium. Can form cardiac and smo [...] (390 aa)
Kcnq1Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1; Potassium channel that plays an important role in a number of tissues, including heart, inner ear, stomach and colon (By similarity). Associates with KCNE beta subunits that modulates current kinetics (By similarity). Induces a voltage-dependent by rapidly activating and slowly deactivating potassium-selective outward current (By similarity). Promotes also a delayed voltage activated potassium current showing outward rectification characteristic. During beta-adrenergic receptor stimulation participates in cardiac repolarization by [...] (669 aa)
Olfm2Noelin-2; Involved in transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta)- induced smooth muscle differentiation. TGF-beta induces expression and nuclear translocation of OLFM2 where it binds to SRF, causing its dissociation from the transcriptional repressor HEY2/HERP1 and facilitating binding of SRF to target genes. Plays a role in AMPAR complex organization. Is a regulator of vascular smooth-muscle cell (SMC) phenotypic switching, that acts by promoting RUNX2 and inhibiting MYOCD binding to SRF. SMC phenotypic switching is the process through which vascular SMCs undergo transition between a [...] (478 aa)
Hcn3Potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 3; Hyperpolarization-activated potassium channel. May also facilitate the permeation of sodium ions (By similarity). Belongs to the potassium channel HCN family. (780 aa)
Grik5Glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 5; Receptor for glutamate. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. The postsynaptic actions of Glu are mediated by a variety of receptors that are named according to their selective agonists. This receptor binds kainate > quisqualate > glutamate >> AMPA. (979 aa)
Cnih2Protein cornichon homolog 2; Regulates the trafficking and gating properties of AMPA- selective glutamate receptors (AMPARs). Promotes their targeting to the cell membrane and synapses and modulates their gating properties by regulating their rates of activation, deactivation and desensitization. Blocks CACNG8-mediated resensitization of AMPA receptors. (160 aa)
Kcnc3Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily C member 3; Voltage-gated potassium channel that plays an important role in the rapid repolarization of fast-firing brain neurons. The channel opens in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, forming a potassium-selective channel through which potassium ions pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. The channel displays rapid activation and inactivation kinetics. It plays a role in the regulation of the frequency, shape and duration of action potentials in Purkinje cells. Required for normal survival of cerebellar [...] (889 aa)
Kcna1Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 1; Voltage-gated potassium channel that mediates transmembrane potassium transport in excitable membranes, primarily in the brain and the central nervous system, but also in the kidney. Contributes to the regulation of the membrane potential and nerve signaling, and prevents neuronal hyperexcitability. Forms tetrameric potassium-selective channels through which potassium ions pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. The channel alternates between opened and closed conformations in response to the voltage difference acros [...] (495 aa)
Kcna5Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 5; Voltage-gated potassium channel that mediates transmembrane potassium transport in excitable membranes. Forms tetrameric potassium- selective channels through which potassium ions pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. The channel alternates between opened and closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane. Can form functional homotetrameric channels and heterotetrameric channels that contain variable proportions of KCNA1, KCNA2, KCNA4, KCNA5, and possibly other family members as well [...] (602 aa)
PtpaSerine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A activator; PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides. (323 aa)
LOC100911951Kv channel-interacting protein 2x. (252 aa)
Cacng4Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-4 subunit; Regulates the activity of L-type calcium channels that contain CACNA1C as pore-forming subunit (By similarity). Regulates the trafficking and gating properties of AMPA-selective glutamate receptors (AMPARs), including GRIA1 and GRIA4. Promotes their targeting to the cell membrane and synapses and modulates their gating properties by slowing their rates of activation, deactivation and desensitization and by mediating their resensitization. Belongs to the PMP-22/EMP/MP20 family. CACNG subfamily. (327 aa)
Cacng1Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-1 subunit; Regulatory subunit of the voltage-gated calcium channel that gives rise to L-type calcium currents in skeletal muscle. Regulates channel inactivation kinetics. (223 aa)
Cacna1eVoltage-dependent R-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1E; Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hormone or neurotransmitter release, gene expression, cell motility, cell division and cell death. The isoform alpha-1E gives rise to R-type calcium currents. R-type calcium channels belong to the 'high-voltage activated' (HVA) group and are blocked by nickel. They are however insensitive to dihydropyridines (DHP). Calcium channels conta [...] (2296 aa)
Dlg3Disks large homolog 3; Required for learning most likely through its role in synaptic plasticity following NMDA receptor signaling; Belongs to the MAGUK family. (849 aa)
Kcnk2Potassium channel subfamily K member 2; Ion channel that contributes to passive transmembrane potassium transport. Reversibly converts between a voltage-insensitive potassium leak channel and a voltage-dependent outward rectifying potassium channel in a phosphorylation-dependent manner. In astrocytes, forms mostly heterodimeric potassium channels with KCNK1, with only a minor proportion of functional channels containing homodimeric KCNK2. In astrocytes, the heterodimer formed by KCNK1 and KCNK2 is required for rapid glutamate release in response to activation of G-protein coupled recep [...] (426 aa)
Dpp10Inactive dipeptidyl peptidase 10; Promotes cell surface expression of the potassium channel KCND2. Modulates the activity and gating characteristics of the potassium channel KCND2. Has no dipeptidyl aminopeptidase activity (Probable). (669 aa)
Pkd2Polycystin 2, transient receptor potential cation channel. (966 aa)
Kcne1Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1; Ancillary protein that assembles as a beta subunit with a voltage-gated potassium channel complex of pore-forming alpha subunits. Modulates the gating kinetics and enhances stability of the channel complex. Assembled with KCNB1 modulates the gating characteristics of the delayed rectifier voltage-dependent potassium channel KCNB1. Assembled with KCNQ1/KVLQT1 is proposed to form the slowly activating delayed rectifier cardiac potassium (IKs) channel. The outward current reaches its steady state only after 50 seconds. Assembled with K [...] (130 aa)
Scn4bSodium channel subunit beta-4; Modulates channel gating kinetics. Causes negative shifts in the voltage dependence of activation of certain alpha sodium channels, but does not affect the voltage dependence of inactivation. Modulates the susceptibility of the sodium channel to inhibition by toxic peptides from spider, scorpion, wasp and sea anemone venom. Belongs to the sodium channel auxiliary subunit SCN4B (TC 8.A.17) family. (228 aa)
Lrrc55Leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 55; Auxiliary protein of the large-conductance, voltage and calcium-activated potassium channel (BK alpha). Modulates gating properties by producing a marked shift in the BK channel's voltage dependence of activation in the hyperpolarizing direction, and in the absence of calcium (By similarity). (311 aa)
Cacna2d1Voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-1; The alpha-2/delta subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels regulates calcium current density and activation/inactivation kinetics of the calcium channel. Plays an important role in excitation- contraction coupling (By similarity). (1092 aa)
Cnih3Protein cornichon homolog 3; Regulates the trafficking and gating properties of AMPA- selective glutamate receptors (AMPARs). Promotes their targeting to the cell membrane and synapses and modulates their gating properties by regulating their rates of activation, deactivation and desensitization. Belongs to the cornichon family. (160 aa)
Fbxl6F-box and leucine-rich repeat protein 6, isoform CRA_b. (535 aa)
Unc80Unc-80 homolog, NALCN channel complex subunit. (2577 aa)
Cacnb2Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-2; The beta subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels contributes to the function of the calcium channel by increasing peak calcium current, shifting the voltage dependencies of activation and inactivation, modulating G protein inhibition and controlling the alpha-1 subunit membrane targeting. (611 aa)
Catsper2Cation channel sperm-associated protein 2; Voltage-gated calcium channel that plays a central role in sperm cell hyperactivation. Controls calcium entry to mediate the hyperactivated motility, a step needed for sperm motility which is essential late in the preparation of sperm for fertilization. Activated by intracellular alkalinization (By similarity). (584 aa)
Vwc2lVon Willebrand factor C domain-containing 2-like. (175 aa)
Ryr3Ryanodine receptor 3. (4888 aa)
Kcnip2Kv channel-interacting protein 2; Regulatory subunit of Kv4/D (Shal)-type voltage-gated rapidly inactivating A-type potassium channels. Modulates channel density, inactivation kinetics and rate of recovery from inactivation in a calcium-dependent and isoform-specific manner. In vitro, modulates KCND2/Kv4.2 and KCND3/Kv4.3 currents. Involved in KCND2 and KCND3 trafficking to the cell surface. Essential for the expression of I(To) currents in the heart (By similarity). Required for normal protein levels of KCND2 in the heart ventricle (By similarity). Belongs to the recoverin family. (270 aa)
Kcnq2Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 2; Associates with KCNQ3 to form a potassium channel with essentially identical properties to the channel underlying the native M-current, a slowly activating and deactivating potassium conductance which plays a critical role in determining the subthreshold electrical excitability of neurons as well as the responsiveness to synaptic inputs. Therefore, it is important in the regulation of neuronal excitability. KCNQ2 current is blocked by barium and tetraethylammonium whereas 4-aminopyridine and charybdotoxin have no effect on KCNQ2 c [...] (852 aa)
Trpm4Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 4; Calcium-activated non selective (CAN) cation channel that mediates membrane depolarization. While it is activated by increase in intracellular Ca(2+), it is impermeable to it. Mediates transport of monovalent cations (Na(+) > K(+) > Cs(+) > Li(+)), leading to depolarize the membrane. It thereby plays a central role in cadiomyocytes, neurons from entorhinal cortex, dorsal root and vomeronasal neurons, endocrine pancreas cells, kidney epithelial cells, cochlea hair cells etc. Participates in T-cell activation by modulating [...] (1296 aa)
TrdnTriadin; Contributes to the regulation of lumenal Ca2+ release via the sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium release channels RYR1 and RYR2, a key step in triggering skeletal and heart muscle contraction. Required for normal organization of the triad junction, where T-tubules and the sarcoplasmic reticulum terminal cisternae are in close contact. Required for normal skeletal muscle strength. Plays a role in excitation-contraction coupling in the heart and in regulating the rate of heart beats. (688 aa)
Kcnip4Kv channel-interacting protein 4; Regulatory subunit of Kv4/D (Shal)-type voltage-gated rapidly inactivating A-type potassium channels, such as KCND2/Kv4.2 and KCND3/Kv4.3. Modulates channel expression at the cell membrane, gating characteristics, inactivation kinetics and rate of recovery from inactivation in a calcium-dependent and isoform-specific manner. Belongs to the recoverin family. (230 aa)
Grin2aGlutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A; Component of NMDA receptor complexes that function as heterotetrameric, ligand-gated ion channels with high calcium permeability and voltage-dependent sensitivity to magnesium. Channel activation requires binding of the neurotransmitter glutamate to the epsilon subunit, glycine binding to the zeta subunit, plus membrane depolarization to eliminate channel inhibition by Mg(2+). Sensitivity to glutamate and channel kinetics depend on the subunit composition; channels containing GRIN1 and GRIN2A have higher sensitivity to glutamate and faster kineti [...] (1307 aa)
Cacna1hVoltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1H; Voltage-sensitive calcium channel that gives rise to T-type calcium currents. T-type calcium channels belong to the 'low-voltage activated (LVA)' group. A particularity of this type of channel is an opening at quite negative potentials, and a voltage-dependent inactivation. T-type channels serve pacemaking functions in both central neurons and cardiac nodal cells and support calcium signaling in secretory cells and vascular smooth muscle (Probable). They may also be involved in the modulation of firing patterns of neurons. In t [...] (2359 aa)
Trpc4Short transient receptor potential channel 4; Thought to form non-selective a receptor-activated calcium permeant cation channel. Probably is operated by a phosphatidylinositol second messenger system activated by receptor tyrosine kinases or G- protein coupled receptors. Acts as a cell-cell contact-dependent endothelial calcium entry channel. Has also been shown to be calcium- selective (By similarity). May also be activated by intracellular calcium store depletion; Belongs to the transient receptor (TC 1.A.4) family. STrpC subfamily. TRPC4 sub-subfamily. (977 aa)
Cacna1dVoltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D; Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hormone or neurotransmitter release, gene expression, cell motility, cell division and cell death. The isoform alpha-1D gives rise to L-type calcium currents. Long-lasting (L-type) calcium channels belong to the 'high-voltage activated' (HVA) group. They are blocked by dihydropyridines (DHP), phenylalkylamines, and by benzothiazepines. (2203 aa)
Dpp6Dipeptidyl aminopeptidase-like protein 6; Promotes cell surface expression of the potassium channel KCND2. Modulates the activity and gating characteristics of the potassium channel KCND2. Has no dipeptidyl aminopeptidase activity (By similarity). Belongs to the peptidase S9B family. (803 aa)
Itpr1Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1; Intracellular channel that mediates calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum following stimulation by inositol 1,4,5- trisphosphate. Involved in the regulation of epithelial secretion of electrolytes and fluid through the interaction with AHCYL1 Plays a role in ER stress-induced apoptosis. Cytoplasmic calcium released from the ER triggers apoptosis by the activation of CaM kinase II, eventually leading to the activation of downstream apoptosis pathways. Belongs to the InsP3 receptor family. (2773 aa)
Scn7aSodium channel protein; Mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which Na(+) ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. (1704 aa)
Kcne2Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 2; Ancillary protein that assembles as a beta subunit with a voltage-gated potassium channel complex of pore-forming alpha subunits. Modulates the gating kinetics and enhances stability of the channel complex. Assembled with KCNB1 modulates the gating characteristics of the delayed rectifier voltage-dependent potassium channel KCNB1. Associated with KCNH2/HERG is proposed to form the rapidly activating component of the delayed rectifying potassium current in heart (IKr). May associate with KCNQ2 and/or KCNQ3 and modulate the native M-t [...] (123 aa)
Grik1Glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 1; Ionotropic glutamate receptor. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. Binding of the excitatory neurotransmitter L-glutamate induces a conformation change, leading to the opening of the cation channel, and thereby converts the chemical signal to an electrical impulse. The receptor then desensitizes rapidly and enters a transient inactive state, characterized by the presence of bound agonist. May be involved in the transmission of light information from the retina to the hypothalamus. (912 aa)
Grik4Glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 4; Receptor for glutamate. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. The postsynaptic actions of Glu are mediated by a variety of receptors that are named according to their selective agonists. This receptor binds kainate > quisqualate > glutamate >> AMPA. (956 aa)
Scn10aSodium channel protein type 10 subunit alpha; Tetrodotoxin-resistant channel that mediates the voltage- dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which sodium ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. Plays a role in neuropathic pain mechanisms. Belongs to the sodium channel (TC 1.A.1.10) family. Nav1.8/SCN10A subfamily. (1956 aa)
Kcnj5G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 4; This potassium channel is controlled by G proteins. Inward rectifier potassium channels are characterized by a greater tendency to allow potassium to flow into the cell rather than out of it. Their voltage dependence is regulated by the concentration of extracellular potassium; as external potassium is raised, the voltage range of the channel opening shifts to more positive voltages. The inward rectification is mainly due to the blockage of outward current by internal magnesium. Can be blocked by external barium. Belongs to the [...] (419 aa)
Grik3Glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 3; Receptor for glutamate that functions as ligand-gated ion channel in the central nervous system and plays an important role in excitatory synaptic transmission. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. The postsynaptic actions of Glu are mediated by a variety of receptors that are named according to their selective agonists. This receptor binds domoate > kainate >> L-glutamate = quisqualate >> AMPA = NMDA. (910 aa)
Cacna1cVoltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C; Pore-forming, alpha-1C subunit of the voltage-gated calcium channel that gives rise to L-type calcium currents (Probable). Mediates influx of calcium ions into the cytoplasm, and thereby triggers calcium release from the sarcoplasm (By similarity). Plays an important role in excitation- contraction coupling in the heart (By similarity). Required for normal heart development and normal regulation of heart rhythm (By similarity). Required for normal contraction of smooth muscle cells in blood vessels and in the intestine. Essenti [...] (2006 aa)
CttnSrc substrate cortactin; Contributes to the organization of the actin cytoskeleton and cell shape. Plays a role in the formation of lamellipodia and in cell migration. Plays a role in the regulation of neuron morphology, axon growth and formation of neuronal growth cones. Through its interaction with CTTNBP2, involved in the regulation of neuronal spine density (By similarity). Plays a role in the invasiveness of cancer cells, and the formation of metastases (By similarity). Plays a role in focal adhesion assembly and turnover. In complex with ABL1 and MYLK regulates cortical actin-bas [...] (546 aa)
Kcnb2Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily B member 2; Voltage-gated potassium channel that mediates transmembrane potassium transport in excitable membranes, primarily in the brain and smooth muscle cells. Channels open or close in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, letting potassium ions pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. Homotetrameric channels mediate a delayed-rectifier voltage-dependent outward potassium current that display rapid activation and slow inactivation in response to membrane depolarization. Can form functional homotetrameric an [...] (720 aa)
Cttn-2Cortactin. (546 aa)
Abcc9ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 9; Subunit of ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP). Can form cardiac and smooth muscle-type KATP channels with KCNJ11. KCNJ11 forms the channel pore while ABCC9 is required for activation and regulation; Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCC family. Conjugate transporter (TC 3.A.1.208) subfamily. (1545 aa)
Shisa6Shisa family member 6. (521 aa)
Kcnj12ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 12; Inward rectifying potassium channel that is activated by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate and that probably participates in controlling the resting membrane potential in electrically excitable cells. Probably participates in establishing action potential waveform and excitability of neuronal and muscle tissues. Inward rectifier potassium channels are characterized by a greater tendency to allow potassium to flow into the cell rather than out of it. Their voltage dependence is regulated by the concentration of extracellular potas [...] (427 aa)
Atp5mc3ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C3, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanis [...] (141 aa)
Kcnmb3Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit beta-3; Regulatory subunit of the calcium activated potassium KCNMA1 (maxiK) channel. Modulates the calcium sensitivity and gating kinetics of KCNMA1, thereby contributing to KCNMA1 channel diversity. Alters the functional properties of the current expressed by the KCNMA1 channel. May partially inactivate the current of KCNBMA. Two or more subunits of KCNMB3 are required to block the KCNMA1 tetramer (By similarity). Belongs to the KCNMB (TC 8.A.14.1) family. KCNMB3 subfamily. (239 aa)
Cacnb4Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-4; The beta subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels contributes to the function of the calcium channel by increasing peak calcium current, shifting the voltage dependencies of activation and inactivation, modulating G protein inhibition and controlling the alpha-1 subunit membrane targeting. (486 aa)
Kcnma1Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit alpha-1; Potassium channel activated by both membrane depolarization or increase in cytosolic Ca(2+) that mediates export of K(+). It is also activated by the concentration of cytosolic Mg(2+). Its activation dampens the excitatory events that elevate the cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration and/or depolarize the cell membrane. It therefore contributes to repolarization of the membrane potential. Plays a key role in controlling excitability in a number of systems, such as regulation of the contraction of smooth muscle, the tuning of hair cells in t [...] (1242 aa)
Ryr2Ryanodine receptor 2; Calcium channel that mediates the release of Ca(2+) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the cytoplasm and thereby plays a key role in triggering cardiac muscle contraction. Aberrant channel activation can lead to cardiac arrhythmia. In cardiac myocytes, calcium release is triggered by increased Ca(2+) levels due to activation of the L-type calcium channel CACNA1C. The calcium channel activity is modulated by formation of heterotetramers with RYR3. Required for cellular calcium ion homeostasis. Required for embryonic heart development (By similarity); Belongs to t [...] (4938 aa)
Scn9aSodium channel protein type 9 subunit alpha; Mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which Na(+) ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. It is a tetrodotoxin- sensitive Na(+) channel isoform. Plays a role in pain mechanisms, especially in the development of inflammatory pain. (1984 aa)
Scn5aSodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha; This protein mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which Na(+) ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. It is a tetrodotoxin-resistant Na(+) channel isoform. This channel is responsible for the initial upstroke of the action potential. Channel inactivation is regulated by intracellular calcium levels. (2019 aa)
Scnn1aAmiloride-sensitive sodium channel subunit alpha; Sodium permeable non-voltage-sensitive ion channel inhibited by the diuretic amiloride. Mediates the electrodiffusion of the luminal sodium (and water, which follows osmotically) through the apical membrane of epithelial cells. Plays an essential role in electrolyte and blood pressure homeostasis, but also in airway surface liquid homeostasis, which is important for proper clearance of mucus. Controls the reabsorption of sodium in kidney, colon, lung and eccrine sweat glands. Also plays a role in taste perception (By similarity); Belong [...] (699 aa)
Cacna1fVoltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha; Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hormone or neurotransmitter release, gene expression, cell motility, cell division and cell death; Belongs to the calcium channel alpha-1 subunit (TC 1.A.1.11) family. (1980 aa)
Pkd2l1Polycystin 2-like 1, transient receptor potential cation channel. (676 aa)
Cngb1Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel subunit beta 1. (1338 aa)
Scnn1bAmiloride-sensitive sodium channel subunit beta; Sodium permeable non-voltage-sensitive ion channel inhibited by the diuretic amiloride. Mediates the electrodiffusion of the luminal sodium (and water, which follows osmotically) through the apical membrane of epithelial cells. Plays an essential role in electrolyte and blood pressure homeostasis, but also in airway surface liquid homeostasis, which is important for proper clearance of mucus. Controls the reabsorption of sodium in kidney, colon, lung and sweat glands. Also plays a role in taste perception. (638 aa)
Calm1Calmodulin 1. (149 aa)
Tmem262Transmembrane protein 262. (116 aa)
Kcnq3Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 3; Associates with KCNQ2 or KCNQ5 to form a potassium channel with essentially identical properties to the channel underlying the native M-current, a slowly activating and deactivating potassium conductance which plays a critical role in determining the subthreshold electrical excitability of neurons as well as the responsiveness to synaptic inputs. Therefore, it is important in the regulation of neuronal excitability. (911 aa)
Kcnb1Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily B member 1; Voltage-gated potassium channel that mediates transmembrane potassium transport in excitable membranes, primarily in the brain, but also in the pancreas and cardiovascular system. Contributes to the regulation of the action potential (AP) repolarization, duration and frequency of repetitive AP firing in neurons, muscle cells and endocrine cells and plays a role in homeostatic attenuation of electrical excitability throughout the brain. Plays also a role in the regulation of exocytosis independently of its electrical function. Forms [...] (853 aa)
Amigo1Amphoterin-induced protein 1; Promotes growth and fasciculation of neurites from cultured hippocampal neurons. May be involved in fasciculation as well as myelination of developing neural axons. May have a role in regeneration as well as neural plasticity in the adult nervous system. May mediate homophilic as well as heterophilic cell-cell interaction and contribute to signal transduction through its intracellular domain. Assembled with KCNB1 modulates the gating characteristics of the delayed rectifier voltage-dependent potassium channel KCNB1 (By similarity); Belongs to the immunoglo [...] (493 aa)
Vwc2Similar to crossveinless 2 CG15671-PA, isoform CRA_a. (324 aa)
Nrn1Neuritin; Promotes neurite outgrowth and especially branching of neuritic processes in primary hippocampal and cortical cells. Belongs to the neuritin family. (127 aa)
Fkbp1bPeptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP1B; Has the potential to contribute to the immunosuppressive and toxic effects of FK506 and rapamycin. PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides; Belongs to the FKBP-type PPIase family. FKBP1 subfamily. (108 aa)
Cacna1sVoltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S; Pore-forming, alpha-1S subunit of the voltage-gated calcium channel that gives rise to L-type calcium currents in skeletal muscle. Calcium channels containing the alpha-1S subunit play an important role in excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle via their interaction with RYR1, which triggers Ca(2+) release from the sarcplasmic reticulum and ultimately results in muscle contraction. Long-lasting (L-type) calcium channels belong to the 'high-voltage activated' (HVA) group. (1850 aa)
CatsperdCation channel sperm-associated protein subunit delta; Auxiliary component of the CatSper complex, a complex involved in sperm cell hyperactivation. Sperm cell hyperactivation is needed for sperm motility which is essential late in the preparation of sperm for fertilization. Required for CATSPER1 stability before intraflagellar transport and/or incorporation of the CatSper complex channel into the flagellar membrane (By similarity). (803 aa)
Kcne5Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E regulatory subunit 5. (143 aa)
McuSimilar to CG18769-PB, isoform B, isoform CRA_b. (350 aa)
Grik2Glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 2; Ionotropic glutamate receptor. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. Binding of the excitatory neurotransmitter L-glutamate induces a conformation change, leading to the opening of the cation channel, and thereby converts the chemical signal to an electrical impulse. The receptor then desensitizes rapidly and enters a transient inactive state, characterized by the presence of bound agonist. May be involved in the transmission of light information from the retina to the hypothalamus. M [...] (908 aa)
Kcnh1Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 1; Pore-forming (alpha) subunit of a voltage-gated delayed rectifier potassium channel. Channel properties are modulated by subunit assembly. Mediates IK(NI) current in myoblasts. Involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation, in particular adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) (By similarity). (962 aa)
Atp5mc2ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit C2, mitochondrial; Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanis [...] (146 aa)
Cacng7Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-7 subunit; Regulates the activity of L-type calcium channels that contain CACNA1C as pore-forming subunit (By similarity). Regulates the trafficking and gating properties of AMPA-selective glutamate receptors (AMPARs). Promotes their targeting to the cell membrane and synapses and modulates their gating properties by slowing their rates of activation, deactivation and desensitization and by mediating their resensitization. Shows specificity only for GRIA1 and GRIA2 (By similarity). Belongs to the PMP-22/EMP/MP20 family. CACNG subfamily. (275 aa)
Gria2Glutamate receptor 2; Receptor for glutamate that functions as ligand-gated ion channel in the central nervous system and plays an important role in excitatory synaptic transmission. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. Binding of the excitatory neurotransmitter L-glutamate induces a conformation change, leading to the opening of the cation channel, and thereby converts the chemical signal to an electrical impulse. The receptor then desensitizes rapidly and enters a transient inactive state, characterized by the presence of [...] (883 aa)
Kcnk1Potassium channel subfamily K member 1; Ion channel that contributes to passive transmembrane potassium transport and to the regulation of the resting membrane potential in brain astrocytes, but also in kidney and in other tissues. Forms dimeric channels through which potassium ions pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. The channel is selective for K(+) ions at physiological potassium concentrations and at neutral pH, but becomes permeable to Na(+) at subphysiological K(+) levels and upon acidification of the extracellular medium. The homodimer has very low potassium [...] (336 aa)
Ccdc51Mitochondrial potassium channel; Mitochondrial potassium channel located in the mitochondrial inner membrane. Together with ABCB8/MITOSUR, forms a protein complex localized in the mitochondria that mediates ATP-dependent potassium currents across the inner membrane (that is, mitoK(ATP) channel). May contribute to the homeostatic control of cellular metabolism under stress conditions by regulating the mitochondrial matrix volume. (429 aa)
Cacna1aVoltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A; Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hormone or neurotransmitter release, gene expression, cell motility, cell division and cell death. The isoform alpha-1A gives rise to P and/or Q- type calcium currents. P/Q-type calcium channels belong to the 'high- voltage activated' (HVA) group and are specifically blocked by the spider omega-agatoxin-IVA (AC P30288). They are howeve [...] (2368 aa)
Htr2c5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C; G-protein coupled receptor for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). Also functions as a receptor for various drugs and psychoactive substances, including ergot alkaloid derivatives, 1-2,5,- dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl-2-aminopropane (DOI) and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors. Beta-arrestin family members inhibit signaling via G proteins and mediate activation of alternative signaling pathway [...] (459 aa)
Kcnj1ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 1; In the kidney, probably plays a major role in potassium homeostasis. Inward rectifier potassium channels are characterized by a greater tendency to allow potassium to flow into the cell rather than out of it. Their voltage dependence is regulated by the concentration of extracellular potassium; as external potassium is raised, the voltage range of the channel opening shifts to more positive voltages. The inward rectification is mainly due to the blockage of outward current by internal magnesium. This channel is activated by internal A [...] (391 aa)
Kcnmb2Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit beta-2; Regulatory subunit of the calcium activated potassium KCNMA1 (maxiK) channel. Modulates the calcium sensitivity and gating kinetics of KCNMA1, thereby contributing to KCNMA1 channel diversity. Acts as a negative regulator that confers rapid and complete inactivation of KCNMA1 channel complex (By similarity); Belongs to the KCNMB (TC 8.A.14.1) family. KCNMB2 subfamily. (235 aa)
Scn3bSodium channel subunit beta-3; Modulates channel gating kinetics. Causes unique persistent sodium currents. Inactivates the sodium channel opening more slowly than the subunit beta-1. Its association with NFASC may target the sodium channels to the nodes of Ranvier of developing axons and retain these channels at the nodes in mature myelinated axons; Belongs to the sodium channel auxiliary subunit SCN3B (TC 8.A.17) family. (215 aa)
Kcnip3Calsenilin; Calcium-dependent transcriptional repressor that binds to the DRE element of genes including PDYN and FOS. Affinity for DNA is reduced upon binding to calcium and enhanced by binding to magnesium. Seems to be involved in nociception (By similarity). May play a role in the regulation of PSEN2 proteolytic processing and apoptosis. Together with PSEN2 involved in modulation of amyloid-beta formation (By similarity); Belongs to the recoverin family. (256 aa)
Micu1Calcium uptake protein 1, mitochondrial; Key regulator of mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) that senses calcium level via its EF-hand domains. MICU1 and MICU2 form a disulfide-linked heterodimer that stimulates and inhibits MCU activity, depending on the concentration of calcium. MICU1 acts both as an activator or inhibitor of mitochondrial calcium uptake. Acts as a gatekeeper of MCU at low concentration of calcium, preventing channel opening. Enhances MCU opening at high calcium concentration, allowing a rapid response of mitochondria to calcium signals generated in the cytoplasm. [...] (481 aa)
Trpc5Transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 5; Belongs to the transient receptor (TC 1.A.4) family. (973 aa)
Kcna6Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 6; Voltage-gated potassium channel that mediates transmembrane potassium transport in excitable membranes. Forms tetrameric potassium- selective channels through which potassium ions pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. The channel alternates between opened and closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane. Can form functional homotetrameric channels and heterotetrameric channels that contain variable proportions of KCNA1, KCNA2, KCNA4, KNCA5, KCNA6, and possibly other family members [...] (530 aa)
Abcb8Mitochondrial potassium channel ATP-binding subunit; ATP-binding subunit of the mitochondrial potassium channel located in the mitochondrial inner membrane. Together with CCDC51/MITOK, forms a protein complex localized in the mitochondria that mediates ATP-dependent potassium currents across the inner membrane (that is, mitoK(ATP) channel) (By similarity). Plays a role in mitochondrial iron transport. Required for maintenance of normal cardiac function, possibly by influencing mitochondrial iron export and regulating the maturation of cytosolic iron sulfur cluster-containing enzymes (B [...] (714 aa)
Catsper1Cation channel, sperm-associated 1. (620 aa)
Kcnab1Voltage-gated potassium channel subunit beta-1; Cytoplasmic potassium channel subunit that modulates the characteristics of the channel-forming alpha-subunits. Modulates action potentials via its effect on the pore-forming alpha subunits (Probable). Promotes expression of the pore-forming alpha subunits at the cell membrane, and thereby increases channel activity (By similarity). Mediates closure of delayed rectifier potassium channels by physically obstructing the pore via its N-terminal domain and increases the speed of channel closure for other family members. Promotes the closure o [...] (401 aa)
Cacnb3Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-3; Regulatory subunit of the voltage-gated calcium channel that gives rise to L-type calcium currents. Increases CACNA1B peak calcium current and shifts the voltage dependencies of channel activation and inactivation (By similarity). Increases CACNA1C peak calcium current and shifts the voltage dependencies of channel activation and inactivation. (484 aa)
LOC100362565Polycystin 1-like 3, transient receptor potential channel-interacting. (2181 aa)
Cacnb1Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1; Regulatory subunit of L-type calcium channels. Regulates the activity of L-type calcium channels that contain CACNA1A as pore- forming subunit (By similarity). Regulates the activity of L-type calcium channels that contain CACNA1C as pore-forming subunit and increases the presence of the channel complex at the cell membrane (Probable). Required for functional expression L-type calcium channels that contain CACNA1D as pore-forming subunit. Regulates the activity of L-type calcium channels that contain CACNA1B as pore-forming subun [...] (642 aa)
Akap9A-kinase-anchoring protein 9. (3847 aa)
Ryr1Ryanodine receptor 1; Calcium channel that mediates the release of Ca(2+) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the cytoplasm and thereby plays a key role in triggering muscle contraction following depolarization of T-tubules. Repeated very high-level exercise increases the open probability of the channel and leads to Ca(2+) leaking into the cytoplasm (By similarity). Can also mediate the release of Ca(2+) from intracellular stores in neurons, and may thereby promote prolonged Ca(2+) signaling in the brain. Required for normal embryonic development of muscle fibers and skeletal muscle. [...] (5012 aa)
CatspergCation channel sperm-associated auxiliary subunit gamma. (1197 aa)
Kcnab2Voltage-gated potassium channel subunit beta-2; Cytoplasmic potassium channel subunit that modulates the characteristics of the channel-forming alpha-subunits. Contributes to the regulation of nerve signaling, and prevents neuronal hyperexcitability (By similarity). Promotes expression of the pore-forming alpha subunits at the cell membrane, and thereby increases channel activity. Promotes potassium channel closure via a mechanism that does not involve physical obstruction of the channel pore. Modulates the functional properties of KCNA4. Modulates the functional properties of KCNA5 (B [...] (383 aa)
Hcn1Potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 1; Hyperpolarization-activated ion channel exhibiting weak selectivity for potassium over sodium ions. Contributes to the native pacemaker currents in heart (If) and in neurons (Ih). May mediate responses to sour stimuli. (902 aa)
Scn1aSodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha; Mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which Na(+) ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. Plays a key role in brain, probably by regulating the moment when neurotransmitters are released in neurons. Involved in sensory perception of mechanical pain: activation in somatosensory neurons induces pain without neurogenic inflammatio [...] (2009 aa)
Gria1Glutamate receptor 1; Ionotropic glutamate receptor. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. Binding of the excitatory neurotransmitter L-glutamate induces a conformation change, leading to the opening of the cation channel, and thereby converts the chemical signal to an electrical impulse. The receptor then desensitizes rapidly and enters a transient inactive state, characterized by the presence of bound agonist. In the presence of CACNG4 or CACNG7 or CACNG8, shows resensitization which is characterized by a delayed accumulati [...] (831 aa)
Kcnc1Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily C member 1; Voltage-gated potassium channel that plays an important role in the rapid repolarization of fast-firing brain neurons. The channel opens in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, forming a potassium-selective channel through which potassium ions pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. Can form functional homotetrameric channels and heterotetrameric channels that contain variable proportions of KCNC2, and possibly other family members as well. Contributes to fire sustained trains of very brief action [...] (585 aa)
Dlg4Disks large homolog 4; Interacts with the cytoplasmic tail of NMDA receptor subunits and shaker-type potassium channels. Required for synaptic plasticity associated with NMDA receptor signaling. Overexpression or depletion of DLG4 changes the ratio of excitatory to inhibitory synapses in hippocampal neurons. May reduce the amplitude of ASIC3 acid-evoked currents by retaining the channel intracellularly. May regulate the intracellular trafficking of ADR1B. Also regulates AMPA-type glutamate receptor (AMPAR) immobilization at postsynaptic density keeping the channels in an activated stat [...] (729 aa)
Scn1bSodium channel subunit beta-1; Regulatory subunit of multiple voltage-gated sodium channel complexes that play important roles in excitable membranes in brain, heart and skeletal muscle. Enhances the presence of the pore-forming alpha subunit at the cell surface and modulates channel gating characteristics and the rate of channel inactivation. Modulates the activity of a variety of pore-forming alpha subunits, such as SCN1A, SCN2A, SCN3A, SCN4A, SCN5A and SCN10A. Belongs to the sodium channel auxiliary subunit SCN1B (TC 8.A.17) family. (218 aa)
Abhd6Monoacylglycerol lipase ABHD6; Lipase that preferentially hydrolysis medium-chain saturated monoacylglycerols including 2-arachidonoylglycerol (By similarity). Through 2-arachidonoylglycerol degradation may regulate endocannabinoid signaling pathways. Also has a lysophosphatidyl lipase activity with a preference for lysophosphatidylglycerol among other lysophospholipids (By similarity). Also able to degrade bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate (BMP) and constitutes the major enzyme for BMP catabolism. BMP, also known as lysobisphosphatidic acid, is enriched in late endosomes and lysosomes and [...] (337 aa)
Cacng6Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-6 subunit; Regulates the activity of L-type calcium channels that contain CACNA1C as pore-forming subunit. (260 aa)
Grin2dGlutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D; Component of NMDA receptor complexes that function as heterotetrameric, ligand-gated ion channels with high calcium permeability and voltage-dependent sensitivity to magnesium. Channel activation requires binding of the neurotransmitter glutamate to the epsilon subunit, glycine binding to the zeta subunit, plus membrane depolarization to eliminate channel inhibition by Mg(2+). Sensitivity to glutamate and channel kinetics depend on the subunit composition ; Belongs to the glutamate-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.10.1) family. NR2D/GRIN2D subfamily. (1357 aa)
Cacng8Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-8 subunit; Regulates the activity of L-type calcium channels that contain CACNA1C as pore-forming subunit (By similarity). Regulates the trafficking and gating properties of AMPA-selective glutamate receptors (AMPARs). Promotes their targeting to the cell membrane and synapses and modulates their gating properties by slowing their rates of activation, deactivation and desensitization and by mediating their resensitization. Does not show subunit-specific AMPA receptor regulation and regulates all AMPAR subunits. Thought to stabilize the calcium ch [...] (421 aa)
Kcnmb4Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit beta-4; Regulatory subunit of the calcium activated potassium KCNMA1 (maxiK) channel. Modulates the calcium sensitivity and gating kinetics of KCNMA1, thereby contributing to KCNMA1 channel diversity. Decreases the gating kinetics and calcium sensitivity of the KCNMA1 channel, but with fast deactivation kinetics. May decrease KCNMA1 channel openings at low calcium concentrations but increases channel openings at high calcium concentrations. Makes KCNMA1 channel resistant to 100 nM charybdotoxin (CTX) toxin concentrations (By similarity). Belo [...] (210 aa)
Cnga3Cyclic nucleotide gated channel alpha 3, isoform CRA_a. (670 aa)
Kcna3Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 3; Mediates the voltage-dependent potassium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a potassium-selective channel through which potassium ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. (525 aa)
Lrrtm4Leucine-rich repeat transmembrane neuronal protein 4; May play a role in the development and maintenance of the nervous system (By similarity). Exhibits strong synaptogenic activity, restricted to excitatory presynaptic differentiation; Belongs to the LRRTM family. (590 aa)
Kcna2Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 2; Voltage-gated potassium channel that mediates transmembrane potassium transport in excitable membranes, primarily in the brain and the central nervous system, but also in the cardiovascular system. Prevents aberrant action potential firing and regulates neuronal output. Forms tetrameric potassium-selective channels through which potassium ions pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. The channel alternates between opened and closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane. Can form funct [...] (499 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Rattus norvegicus
NCBI taxonomy Id: 10116
Other names: Buffalo rat, Norway rat, R. norvegicus, Rattus PC12 clone IS, Rattus sp. strain Wistar, Sprague-Dawley rat, Wistar rats, brown rat, laboratory rat, rat, rats, zitter rats
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