STRINGSTRING
Itpr1 Itpr1 Sel1l Sel1l Grin2a Grin2a Atl1 Atl1 Slc8a3 Slc8a3 Trdn Trdn Cyp2d5 Cyp2d5 Ryr3 Ryr3 Vcp Vcp Reep6 Reep6 Rdh16 Rdh16 C2cd2l C2cd2l Pigc Pigc Hsp90b1 Hsp90b1 Camlg Camlg Zdhhc2 Zdhhc2 Cpt1c Cpt1c Atf6 Atf6 Cept1 Cept1 Wfs1 Wfs1 Fitm2 Fitm2 Pitpnb Pitpnb Srebf1 Srebf1 Dpm3 Dpm3 Dnajb12 Dnajb12 Asph Asph Itpr2 Itpr2 Gabbr1 Gabbr1 Trpc2 Trpc2 Ormdl3 Ormdl3 Cyp2b3 Cyp2b3 Fdft1 Fdft1 Derl3 Derl3 Atl3 Atl3 Rtn3 Rtn3 Kdelr1 Kdelr1 Marchf6 Marchf6 Tm7sf2 Tm7sf2 Tapbp Tapbp Cyp2b2 Cyp2b2 Cyp2c7 Cyp2c7 Ndrg4 Ndrg4 Vmp1 Vmp1 Gosr2 Gosr2 Pnpt1 Pnpt1 Gria1 Gria1 Ern1 Ern1 Calr Calr Bcl2 Bcl2 Insig2 Insig2 Gpat3 Gpat3 Cds1 Cds1 Syvn1 Syvn1 Scap Scap Cyp2g1 Cyp2g1 Cyp2a1 Cyp2a1 Hrc Hrc Fads1 Fads1 Fads2 Fads2 Stim1 Stim1 Reep5 Reep5 Slc27a5 Slc27a5 Rce1 Rce1 Emc10 Emc10 Hsd3b2 Hsd3b2 Emc6 Emc6 Rab18 Rab18 Atg9a Atg9a Ern2 Ern2 Arv1 Arv1 Herpud1 Herpud1 Jph3 Jph3 Sec22b Sec22b Hspa5 Hspa5 Arl6ip1 Arl6ip1 Spcs1 Spcs1 Atp2a2 Atp2a2 Emc8 Emc8 Tmem110 Tmem110 B2m B2m Sec11c Sec11c Selenon Selenon Pkd2 Pkd2 Slc51a Slc51a Alg3 Alg3 Dolk Dolk Gulo Gulo Dgat2 Dgat2 Rtn2 Rtn2 E2f1 E2f1 Cd4 Cd4 Tkt Tkt Hpd Hpd Gper1 Gper1 Agpat3 Agpat3 Tmed2 Tmed2 Cyp3a18 Cyp3a18 Mmgt1 Mmgt1 Gja1 Gja1 Tap1 Tap1 Tmem67 Tmem67 Ptgfrn Ptgfrn LOC103694875 LOC103694875 Ryr1 Ryr1 Pigb Pigb Rnf41 Rnf41 Amfr Amfr Selenot Selenot Cftr Cftr Hsd3b5 Hsd3b5 Pdia3 Pdia3 Cyb5a Cyb5a Ubxn8 Ubxn8 Selenok Selenok Hmox1 Hmox1 Erlin2 Erlin2 Sec61a1 Sec61a1 Scd Scd Tex264 Tex264 Gnrh1 Gnrh1 Cyp2c23 Cyp2c23 Lrit1 Lrit1 Esyt3 Esyt3 Tusc3 Tusc3 Cherp Cherp Erlin1 Erlin1 Stt3b Stt3b Lpcat3 Lpcat3 Cyp2e1 Cyp2e1 Man1b1 Man1b1 Saraf Saraf Sptlc2 Sptlc2 Dpm1 Dpm1 Cyp2c12 Cyp2c12 Furin Furin Uba5 Uba5 Sec11a Sec11a Pomt1 Pomt1 Ssr3 Ssr3 Pigh Pigh Pigk Pigk Sptlc1 Sptlc1 Ptpn1 Ptpn1 Elovl6 Elovl6 Xbp1 Xbp1 Plpp7 Plpp7 Emc3 Emc3 Cyp4b1 Cyp4b1 Cyp7b1 Cyp7b1 Elovl4 Elovl4 Fkbp1a Fkbp1a Cyp4a8 Cyp4a8 Cyp2d2 Cyp2d2 Kpnb1 Kpnb1 Dad1 Dad1 Sln Sln Cyp2d4 Cyp2d4 Grin2b Grin2b Ost4 Ost4 Plpp3 Plpp3 Vamp7 Vamp7 Slc9a1 Slc9a1 Aup1 Aup1 Mgst1 Mgst1 Plod1 Plod1 Ptgs1 Ptgs1 Rsad2 Rsad2 B3gat1 B3gat1 Preb Preb Casq1 Casq1 Insig1 Insig1 Aldob Aldob Atl2 Atl2 Nup210 Nup210 Rab2a Rab2a Eif2ak3 Eif2ak3 Emc7 Emc7 Calu Calu Sec61b Sec61b Grin3a Grin3a Creb3l1 Creb3l1 Erp44 Erp44 Stx17 Stx17 Emc4 Emc4 Vapb Vapb Derl1 Derl1 Cyp4f5 Cyp4f5 Sacm1l Sacm1l Emc2 Emc2 Esyt2 Esyt2 Tap2 Tap2 Pln Pln Lmf1 Lmf1 Cyp4a2 Cyp4a2 Cyp2c11 Cyp2c11 Vapa Vapa Pemt Pemt Selenos Selenos Itpr3 Itpr3 Prkn Prkn Jph1 Jph1 Tmx1 Tmx1 Mlec Mlec Cyp2b12 Cyp2b12 Ptdss1 Ptdss1 Cyp2d1 Cyp2d1 Lpin2 Lpin2 Aldh3a2 Aldh3a2 Dio1 Dio1 Bcap31 Bcap31 Esyt1 Esyt1 Ssr4 Ssr4 Rab3gap1 Rab3gap1 Edem1 Edem1 Chek1 Chek1 Bscl2 Bscl2 Tyro3 Tyro3 Dolpp1 Dolpp1 Lbr Lbr Slc37a4 Slc37a4 Derl2 Derl2 Igf2 Igf2 Faf2 Faf2 Cyp3a2 Cyp3a2 Krtcap2 Krtcap2 Cyp3a9 Cyp3a9 Cyp2c13 Cyp2c13 Rnf139 Rnf139 Ufd1 Ufd1 Elovl6-2 Elovl6-2 Fkbp1b Fkbp1b Cisd2 Cisd2 Sri Sri Rpn1 Rpn1 Kcnb1 Kcnb1 Reep2 Reep2 Rab10 Rab10 Dpm2 Dpm2 Tmem159 Tmem159 Sting1 Sting1 Rpn2 Rpn2 Pdzd8 Pdzd8 Nos1 Nos1 Pex16 Pex16 Tmbim6 Tmbim6 Rab1a Rab1a Dlg1 Dlg1 Rtcb Rtcb Akap6 Akap6 Rtn4 Rtn4 Sptlc3 Sptlc3 Sptssa Sptssa Soat1 Soat1 Lnpk Lnpk Nfe2l1 Nfe2l1 Emc1 Emc1 Mmp23 Mmp23 Rho Rho Cyb5r3 Cyb5r3 Osbp Osbp Apbh Apbh Reep1 Reep1 Pigp Pigp Cant1 Cant1 Cyp4f6 Cyp4f6 Slc27a2 Slc27a2 Reep3 Reep3 Ryr2 Ryr2 Kcnma1 Kcnma1 Cyp2f4 Cyp2f4 Anxa7 Anxa7 Cyp2j10 Cyp2j10 Srebf2 Srebf2 Svip Svip Pgap2 Pgap2 Nploc4 Nploc4 Cyp2c6v1 Cyp2c6v1 Cyp2c24 Cyp2c24 Cyp2c22 Cyp2c22 Zfyve27 Zfyve27 Map3k5 Map3k5 Abcb9 Abcb9 Hsd11b1 Hsd11b1 Sts Sts Parp16 Parp16
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Itpr1Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1; Intracellular channel that mediates calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum following stimulation by inositol 1,4,5- trisphosphate. Involved in the regulation of epithelial secretion of electrolytes and fluid through the interaction with AHCYL1 Plays a role in ER stress-induced apoptosis. Cytoplasmic calcium released from the ER triggers apoptosis by the activation of CaM kinase II, eventually leading to the activation of downstream apoptosis pathways. Belongs to the InsP3 receptor family. (2773 aa)
Sel1lProtein sel-1 homolog 1; Plays a role in the endoplasmic reticulum quality control (ERQC) system also called ER-associated degradation (ERAD) involved in ubiquitin-dependent degradation of misfolded endoplasmic reticulum proteins. Enhances SYVN1 stability. Plays a role in LPL maturation and secretion. Required for normal differentiation of the pancreas epithelium, and for normal exocrine function and survival of pancreatic cells (By similarity). May play a role in Notch signaling ; Belongs to the sel-1 family. (793 aa)
Grin2aGlutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A; Component of NMDA receptor complexes that function as heterotetrameric, ligand-gated ion channels with high calcium permeability and voltage-dependent sensitivity to magnesium. Channel activation requires binding of the neurotransmitter glutamate to the epsilon subunit, glycine binding to the zeta subunit, plus membrane depolarization to eliminate channel inhibition by Mg(2+). Sensitivity to glutamate and channel kinetics depend on the subunit composition; channels containing GRIN1 and GRIN2A have higher sensitivity to glutamate and faster kineti [...] (1307 aa)
Atl1Atlastin-1; GTPase tethering membranes through formation of trans- homooligomers and mediating homotypic fusion of endoplasmic reticulum membranes. Functions in endoplasmic reticulum tubular network biogenesis. May also regulate Golgi biogenesis. May regulate axonal development; Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. GB1/RHD3-type GTPase family. GB1 subfamily. (558 aa)
Slc8a3Sodium/calcium exchanger 3; Mediates the electrogenic exchange of Ca(2+) against Na(+) ions across the cell membrane, and thereby contributes to the regulation of cytoplasmic Ca(2+) levels and Ca(2+)-dependent cellular processes. Contributes to cellular Ca(2+) homeostasis in excitable cells, both in muscle and in brain. In a first phase, voltage-gated channels mediate the rapid increase of cytoplasmic Ca(2+) levels due to release of Ca(2+) stores from the endoplasmic reticulum. SLC8A3 mediates the export of Ca(2+) from the cell during the next phase, so that cytoplasmic Ca(2+) levels r [...] (927 aa)
TrdnTriadin; Contributes to the regulation of lumenal Ca2+ release via the sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium release channels RYR1 and RYR2, a key step in triggering skeletal and heart muscle contraction. Required for normal organization of the triad junction, where T-tubules and the sarcoplasmic reticulum terminal cisternae are in close contact. Required for normal skeletal muscle strength. Plays a role in excitation-contraction coupling in the heart and in regulating the rate of heart beats. (688 aa)
Cyp2d5Cytochrome P450 2D10; Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. (504 aa)
Ryr3Ryanodine receptor 3. (4888 aa)
VcpTransitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase; Necessary for the fragmentation of Golgi stacks during mitosis and for their reassembly after mitosis. Involved in the formation of the transitional endoplasmic reticulum (tER). The transfer of membranes from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus occurs via 50-70 nm transition vesicles which derive from part-rough, part-smooth transitional elements of the endoplasmic reticulum (tER). Vesicle budding from the tER is an ATP-dependent process. The ternary complex containing UFD1, VCP and NPLOC4 binds ubiquitinated proteins and is neces [...] (806 aa)
Reep6Receptor expression-enhancing protein 6; Required for correct function and survival of retinal photoreceptors (By similarity). Required for retinal development (By similarity). In rod photoreceptors, facilitates stability and/or trafficking of guanylate cyclases and is required to maintain endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial homeostasis (By similarity). May play a role in clathrin-coated intracellular vesicle trafficking of proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the retinal rod plasma membrane (By similarity); Belongs to the DP1 family. (211 aa)
Rdh16Retinol dehydrogenase 16; Oxidoreductase with a preference for NAD. Oxidizes all-trans- retinol, 9-cis-retinol, 11-cis-retinol and 13-cis-retinol to the corresponding aldehydes. Has higher activity towards CRBP-bound retinol than with free retinol (By similarity). Oxidizes 3- alpha-hydroxysteroids. Oxidizes androstanediol and androsterone to dihydrotestosterone and androstanedione. Can also catalyze the reverse reaction (By similarity); Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family. (317 aa)
C2cd2lTransmembrane protein 24. (706 aa)
PigcPhosphatidylinositol N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase subunit C; Involved in GPI anchor biosynthesis. Part of the complex catalyzing the transfer of N-acetylglucosamine from UDP-N- acetylglucosamine to phosphatidylinositol, the first step of GPI biosynthesis. (297 aa)
Hsp90b1Endoplasmin; Molecular chaperone that functions in the processing and transport of secreted proteins. When associated with CNPY3, required for proper folding of Toll-like receptors. Functions in endoplasmic reticulum associated degradation (ERAD). Has ATPase activity. (804 aa)
CamlgCalcium signal-modulating cyclophilin ligand; Likely involved in the mobilization of calcium as a result of the TCR/CD3 complex interaction. Binds to cyclophilin B. (295 aa)
Zdhhc2Palmitoyltransferase ZDHHC2; Palmitoyltransferase specific for GAP43 and DLG4/PSD95. Belongs to the DHHC palmitoyltransferase family. (366 aa)
Cpt1cCarnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, brain isoform; May play a role in lipid metabolic process. Belongs to the carnitine/choline acetyltransferase family. (801 aa)
Atf6Processed cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 alpha; Transmembrane glycoprotein of the endoplasmic reticulum that functions as a transcription activator and initiates the unfolded protein response (UPR) during endoplasmic reticulum stress. Cleaved upon ER stress, the N-terminal processed cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 alpha translocates to the nucleus where it activates transcription of genes involved in the UPR. Binds DNA on the 5'-CCAC[GA]-3'half of the ER stress response element (ERSE) (5'-CCAAT- N(9)-CCAC[GA]-3') and of ERSE II (5'-ATTGG-N-CCACG-3'). Bi [...] (656 aa)
Cept1Choline/ethanolaminephosphotransferase 1; Catalyzes both phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis from CDP-choline and CDP- ethanolamine, respectively. Involved in protein-dependent process of phospholipid transport to distribute phosphatidyl choline to the lumenal surface. Has a higher cholinephosphotransferase activity than ethanolaminephosphotransferase activity (By similarity). (416 aa)
Wfs1Wolframin ER transmembrane glycoprotein. (890 aa)
Fitm2Similar to dJ881L22.2 (Novel protein) (Predicted), isoform CRA_a. (262 aa)
PitpnbPhosphatidylinositol transfer protein beta isoform; Catalyzes the transfer of PtdIns and phosphatidylcholine between membranes. (272 aa)
Srebf1Processed sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1; Transcriptional activator required for lipid homeostasis. Regulates transcription of the LDL receptor gene as well as the fatty acid and to a lesser degree the cholesterol synthesis pathway (By similarity). Binds to the sterol regulatory element 1 (SRE-1) (5'- ATCACCCCAC-3'). Has dual sequence specificity binding to both an E-box motif (5'-ATCACGTGA-3') and to SRE-1 (5'-ATCACCCCAC- 3'). (1134 aa)
Dpm3Dolichol-phosphate mannosyltransferase subunit 3; Stabilizer subunit of the dolichol-phosphate mannose (DPM) synthase complex; tethers catalytic subunit to the ER. Belongs to the DPM3 family. (92 aa)
Dnajb12DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member B12. (378 aa)
AsphAspartate-beta-hydroxylase. (207 aa)
Itpr2Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2; Receptor for inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, a second messenger that mediates the release of intracellular calcium. This release is regulated by cAMP both dependently and independently of PKA (By similarity). (2058 aa)
Gabbr1Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1; Component of a heterodimeric G-protein coupled receptor for GABA, formed by GABBR1 and GABBR2. Within the heterodimeric GABA receptor, only GABBR1 seems to bind agonists, while GABBR2 mediates coupling to G proteins. Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors, such as adenylate cyclase. Signaling inhibits adenylate cyclase, stimulates phospholipase A2, activates potassium channels, inactivates voltage- depen [...] (984 aa)
Trpc2Short transient receptor potential channel 2; Thought to form a receptor-activated calcium permeant cation channel. Probably is operated by a phosphatidylinositol second messenger system activated by receptor tyrosine kinases or G-protein coupled receptors. Is not activated by intracellular calcium store depletion. (1170 aa)
Ormdl3ORM1-like protein 3; Negative regulator of sphingolipid synthesis. May indirectly regulate endoplasmic reticulum-mediated Ca(+2) signaling (By similarity). (180 aa)
Cyp2b3Cytochrome P450 2B3; Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. (491 aa)
Fdft1Squalene synthase; Critical branch point enzyme of isoprenoid biosynthesis that is thought to regulate the flux of isoprene intermediates through the sterol pathway. (416 aa)
Derl3Derlin; Functional component of endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) for misfolded lumenal proteins. May act by forming a channel that allows the retrotranslocation of misfolded proteins into the cytosol where they are ubiquitinated and degraded by the proteasome; Belongs to the derlin family. (228 aa)
Atl3Atlastin-3; GTPase tethering membranes through formation of trans- homooligomers and mediating homotypic fusion of endoplasmic reticulum membranes. Functions in endoplasmic reticulum tubular network biogenesis (By similarity); Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. GB1/RHD3-type GTPase family. GB1 subfamily. (536 aa)
Rtn3Reticulon-3; May be involved in membrane trafficking in the early secretory pathway. Inhibits BACE1 activity and amyloid precursor protein processing. May induce caspase-8 cascade and apoptosis. May favor BCL2 translocation to the mitochondria upon endoplasmic reticulum stress. Induces the formation of endoplasmic reticulum tubules (By similarity). (940 aa)
Kdelr1ER lumen protein-retaining receptor 1; Receptor for the C-terminal sequence motif K-D-E-L that is present on endoplasmic reticulum resident proteins and that mediates their recycling from the Golgi back to the endoplasmic reticulum. Belongs to the ERD2 family. (212 aa)
Marchf6Membrane associated ring-CH-type finger 6. (909 aa)
Tm7sf2Transmembrane 7 superfamily member 2. (418 aa)
TapbpTap-binding protein (Tapasin). (464 aa)
Cyp2b2Cytochrome P450 2B2; Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. (500 aa)
Cyp2c7Cytochrome P450 2C7; Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. (490 aa)
Ndrg4Protein NDRG4; Contributes to the maintenance of intracerebral BDNF levels within the normal range, which is necessary for the preservation of spatial learning and the resistance to neuronal cell death caused by ischemic stress (By similarity). May enhance growth factor-induced ERK1 and ERK2 phosphorylation, including that induced by NGF. May attenuate NGF-promoted ELK1 phosphorylation in a microtubule-dependent manner. (404 aa)
Vmp1Vacuole membrane protein 1; Stress-induced protein that, when overexpressed, promotes formation of intracellular vacuoles followed by cell death. May be involved in the cytoplasmic vacuolization of acinar cells during the early stage of acute pancreatitis. Involved in cell-cell adhesion (By similarity). Plays an essential role in formation of cell junctions (By similarity). Plays a role in the initial stages of the autophagic process through its interaction with BECN1. Required for autophagosome formation (By similarity). (406 aa)
Gosr2Golgi SNAP receptor complex member 2; Involved in transport of proteins from the cis/medial-Golgi to the trans-Golgi network. (212 aa)
Pnpt1Polyribonucleotide nucleotidyltransferase 1. (784 aa)
Gria1Glutamate receptor 1; Ionotropic glutamate receptor. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. Binding of the excitatory neurotransmitter L-glutamate induces a conformation change, leading to the opening of the cation channel, and thereby converts the chemical signal to an electrical impulse. The receptor then desensitizes rapidly and enters a transient inactive state, characterized by the presence of bound agonist. In the presence of CACNG4 or CACNG7 or CACNG8, shows resensitization which is characterized by a delayed accumulati [...] (831 aa)
Ern1Similar to protein kinase/endoribonuclease(IRE1) alpha (Predicted), isoform CRA_a. (977 aa)
CalrCalreticulin; Calcium-binding chaperone that promotes folding, oligomeric assembly and quality control in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) via the calreticulin/calnexin cycle. This lectin interacts transiently with almost all of the monoglucosylated glycoproteins that are synthesized in the ER. Interacts with the DNA-binding domain of NR3C1 and mediates its nuclear export. Involved in maternal gene expression regulation. May participate in oocyte maturation via the regulation of calcium homeostasis. (416 aa)
Bcl2Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2; Suppresses apoptosis in a variety of cell systems including factor-dependent lymphohematopoietic and neural cells. Regulates cell death by controlling the mitochondrial membrane permeability. Appears to function in a feedback loop system with caspases. Inhibits caspase activity either by preventing the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria and/or by binding to the apoptosis-activating factor (APAF-1). May attenuate inflammation by impairing NLRP1-inflammasome activation, hence CASP1 activation and IL1B release (By similarity). Belongs to the Bcl-2 family. (236 aa)
Insig2Insulin-induced gene 2 protein; Mediates feedback control of cholesterol synthesis by controlling SCAP and HMGCR. Functions by blocking the processing of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs). Capable of retaining the SCAP-SREBF2 complex in the ER thus preventing it from escorting SREBPs to the Golgi. Seems to regulate the ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation of HMGCR (By similarity). (225 aa)
Gpat3Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 3; Converts glycerol-3-phosphate to 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3- phosphate (lysophosphatidic acid or LPA) by incorporating an acyl moiety at the sn-1 position of the glycerol backbone (By similarity). Also converts LPA into 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate (phosphatidic acid or PA) by incorporating an acyl moiety at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone (By similarity). (457 aa)
Cds1Phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase 1; Provides CDP-diacylglycerol, an important precursor for the synthesis of phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns), phosphatidylglycerol, and cardiolipin. Overexpression may amplify cellular signaling responses from cytokines. May also play an important role in the signal transduction mechanism of retina and neural cells (By similarity). May play an important role in phosphoinositide synthesis, prefers 1- stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl phosphatidic acid as substrate; Belongs to the CDS family. (461 aa)
Syvn1Synovial apoptosis inhibitor 1, synoviolin, isoform CRA_b. (612 aa)
ScapSterol regulatory element-binding protein cleavage-activating protein; Escort protein required for cholesterol as well as lipid homeostasis. Regulates export of the SCAP/SREBF complex from the ER upon low cholesterol. Formation of a ternary complex with INSIG at high sterol concentrations leads to masking of an ER-export signal in SCAP and retention of the complex in the ER. Low sterol concentrations trigger release of INSIG, a conformational change in the SSC domain of SCAP, unmasking of the ER export signal, recruitment into COPII-coated vesicles, transport to the Golgi complex, prot [...] (1276 aa)
Cyp2g1Cytochrome P450 2G1; Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. This isozyme seems to be implicated in olfaction. (494 aa)
Cyp2a1Cytochrome P450 2A2; Highly active in the 15-alpha-hydroxylation of testosterone. (494 aa)
HrcHistidine rich calcium binding protein, isoform CRA_b. (754 aa)
Fads1Acyl-CoA (8-3)-desaturase; Acts as a front-end fatty acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) desaturase that introduces a cis double bond at carbon 5 located between a preexisting double bond and the carboxyl end of the fatty acyl chain. Involved in biosynthesis of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) from the essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) linoleic acid (LA) (18:2n-6) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) (18:3n-3) precursors. Specifically, desaturates dihomo-gamma-linoleoate (DGLA) (20:3n-6) and eicosatetraenoate (ETA) (20:4n-3) to generate arachidonate (AA) (20:4n- 6) and eicosapentaenoate (E [...] (447 aa)
Fads2Acyl-CoA 6-desaturase; Acts as a fatty acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) desaturase that introduces a cis double bond at carbon 6 of the fatty acyl chain. Involved in biosynthesis of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) from the essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) linoleic acid (LA) (18:2n-6) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) (18:3n-3) precursors. Catalyzes the first and rate limiting step in this pathway which is the desaturation of LA (18:2n-6) and ALA (18:3n-3) into gamma-linoleate (GLA) (18:3n-6) and stearidonate (18:4n-3), respectively. Subsequently, in the biosynthetic pathway of HUFA [...] (386 aa)
Stim1Stromal interaction molecule 1; Plays a role in mediating store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE), a Ca(2+) influx following depletion of intracellular Ca(2+) stores (By similarity). Acts as Ca(2+) sensor in the endoplasmic reticulum via its EF-hand domain. Upon Ca(2+) depletion, translocates from the endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane where it activates the Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) (CRAC) channel subunit ORAI1. Involved in enamel formation (By similarity). Activated following interaction with STIMATE, leading to promote STIM1 conformational switch (By similarity). (685 aa)
Reep5Receptor expression-enhancing protein 5; May promote functional cell surface expression of olfactory receptors. (189 aa)
Slc27a5Bile acyl-CoA synthetase; Acyl-CoA synthetase that catalyzes the activation of bile acids via formation of bile acid CoA thioesters which is necessary for their subsequent conjugation with glycine or taurine. Catalyzes the activation of the primary bile acid, chenodeoxycholic acid. Both primary bile acid (cholic acid) and secondary bile acids (deoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid) are the principal substrates (By similarity). Also exhibits acyl CoA synthetase activity that activates very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) by catalyzing the formation of fatty acyl-CoA (By similarity). In [...] (690 aa)
Rce1CAAX prenyl protease 2; Proteolytically removes the C-terminal three residues of farnesylated and geranylated proteins. Seems to be able to process K- Ras, N-Ras, H-Ras, RAP1B and G-gamma-1 (By similarity). Belongs to the peptidase U48 family. (329 aa)
Emc10ER membrane protein complex subunit 10; Promotes angiogenesis and tissue repair in the heart after myocardial infarction. Stimulates cardiac endothelial cell migration and outgrowth via the activation of p38 MAPK, PAK and MAPK2 signaling pathways. (258 aa)
Hsd3b23 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Delta 5-->4-isomerase type 4; 3-beta-HSD is a bifunctional enzyme, that catalyzes the oxidative conversion of Delta(5)-ene-3-beta-hydroxy steroid, and the oxidative conversion of ketosteroids. The 3-beta-HSD enzymatic system plays a crucial role in the biosynthesis of all classes of hormonal steroids. (373 aa)
Emc6ER membrane protein complex subunit 6. (110 aa)
Rab18Ras-related protein Rab-18; Plays a role in apical endocytosis/recycling. May be implicated in transport between the plasma membrane and early endosomes. Plays a key role in eye and brain development and neurodegeneration (By similarity). (206 aa)
Atg9aAutophagy-related protein 9A; Involved in autophagy and cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) vesicle formation. Plays a key role in the organization of the preautophagosomal structure/phagophore assembly site (PAS), the nucleating site for formation of the sequestering vesicle. Cycles between a juxta-nuclear trans-Golgi network compartment and late endosomes. Nutrient starvation induces accumulation on autophagosomes. Starvation-dependent trafficking requires ULK1, ATG13 and SUPT20H (By similarity). (839 aa)
Ern2Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to nucleus signalling 2 (Predicted). (927 aa)
Arv1ARV1 homolog, fatty acid homeostasis modulator. (267 aa)
Herpud1Homocysteine-inducible, endoplasmic reticulum stress-inducible, ubiquitin-like domain member 1. (391 aa)
Jph3Junctophilin; Junctophilins contribute to the formation of junctional membrane complexes (JMCs) which link the plasma membrane with the endoplasmic or sarcoplasmic reticulum in excitable cells. Provides a structural foundation for functional cross-talk between the cell surface and intracellular calcium release channels. (749 aa)
Sec22bVesicle-trafficking protein SEC22b; SNARE involved in targeting and fusion of ER-derived transport vesicles with the Golgi complex as well as Golgi-derived retrograde transport vesicles with the ER. (215 aa)
Hspa5Endoplasmic reticulum chaperone BiP; Endoplasmic reticulum chaperone that plays a key role in protein folding and quality control in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen (By similarity). Involved in the correct folding of proteins and degradation of misfolded proteins via its interaction with DNAJC10/ERdj5, probably to facilitate the release of DNAJC10/ERdj5 from its substrate (By similarity). Acts as a key repressor of the ERN1/IRE1-mediated unfolded protein response (UPR). In the unstressed endoplasmic reticulum, recruited by DNAJB9/ERdj4 to the luminal region of ERN1/IRE1, leading to dis [...] (654 aa)
Arl6ip1ADP-ribosylation factor-like GTPase 6-interacting protein 1. (203 aa)
Spcs1Signal peptidase complex subunit 1. (162 aa)
Atp2a2Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2; This magnesium-dependent enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the translocation of calcium from the cytosol to the sarcoplasmic reticulum lumen. Isoform SERCA2A is involved in the regulation of the contraction/relaxation cycle. Acts as a regulator of TNFSF11-mediated Ca(2+) signaling pathways via its interaction with TMEM64 which is critical for the TNFSF11-induced CREB1 activation and mitochondrial ROS generation necessary for proper osteoclast generation. Association between TMEM64 and SERCA2 in the ER leads to cytos [...] (1043 aa)
Emc8ER membrane protein complex subunit 8; Belongs to the EMC8/EMC9 family. (207 aa)
Tmem110Store-operated calcium entry regulator STIMATE; Acts as a regulator of store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) at junctional sites that connect the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and plasma membrane (PM), called ER-plasma membrane (ER-PM) junction or cortical ER. SOCE is a Ca(2+) influx following depletion of intracellular Ca(2+) stores. Acts by interacting with STIM1, promoting STIM1 conformational switch. Involved in STIM1 relocalization to ER-PM junctions. Contributes to the maintenance and reorganization of store-dependent ER-PM junctions; Belongs to the STIMATE family. (288 aa)
B2mBeta-2-microglobulin; Component of the class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Involved in the presentation of peptide antigens to the immune system. (119 aa)
Sec11cSignal peptidase complex catalytic subunit SEC11C; Component of the microsomal signal peptidase complex which removes signal peptides from nascent proteins as they are translocated into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. (192 aa)
SelenonSelenoprotein N. (471 aa)
Pkd2Polycystin 2, transient receptor potential cation channel. (966 aa)
Slc51aSimilar to RIKEN cDNA D630035O19 (Predicted), isoform CRA_b. (340 aa)
Alg3Dol-P-Man:Man(5)GlcNAc(2)-PP-Dol alpha-1,3-mannosyltransferase; Adds the first Dol-P-Man derived mannose in an alpha-1,3 linkage to Man(5)GlcNAc(2)-PP-Dol. (438 aa)
DolkTransmembrane protein 15 (Predicted). (536 aa)
GuloL-gulonolactone oxidase; Oxidizes L-gulono-1,4-lactone to hydrogen peroxide and L- xylo-hexulonolactone which spontaneously isomerizes to L-ascorbate. (440 aa)
Dgat2Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2; Essential acyltransferase that catalyzes the terminal and only committed step in triacylglycerol synthesis by using diacylglycerol and fatty acyl CoA as substrates. Required for synthesis and storage of intracellular triglycerides. Probably plays a central role in cytosolic lipid accumulation. In liver, is primarily responsible for incorporating endogenously synthesized fatty acids into triglycerides. Functions also as an acyl-CoA retinol acyltransferase (ARAT) (By similarity). (388 aa)
Rtn2Reticulon. (469 aa)
E2f1Transcription factor E2F1; Transcription activator that binds DNA cooperatively with DP proteins through the E2 recognition site, 5'-TTTC[CG]CGC-3' found in the promoter region of a number of genes whose products are involved in cell cycle regulation or in DNA replication. The DRTF1/E2F complex functions in the control of cell-cycle progression from G1 to S phase. E2F1 binds preferentially RB1 in a cell-cycle dependent manner. It can mediate both cell proliferation and TP53/p53-dependent apoptosis. Blocks adipocyte differentiation by binding to specific promoters repressing CEBPA bindi [...] (432 aa)
Cd4T-cell surface glycoprotein CD4; Integral membrane glycoprotein that plays an essential role in the immune response and serves multiple functions in responses against both external and internal offenses. In T-cells, functions primarily as a coreceptor for MHC class II molecule:peptide complex. The antigens presented by class II peptides are derived from extracellular proteins while class I peptides are derived from cytosolic proteins. Interacts simultaneously with the T-cell receptor (TCR) and the MHC class II presented by antigen presenting cells (APCs). In turn, recruits the Src kina [...] (457 aa)
TktTransketolase; Catalyzes the transfer of a two-carbon ketol group from a ketose donor to an aldose acceptor, via a covalent intermediate with the cofactor thiamine pyrophosphate. (655 aa)
Hpd4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase; Key enzyme in the degradation of tyrosine. (393 aa)
Gper1G-protein coupled estrogen receptor 1; G-protein coupled estrogen receptor that binds to 17-beta- estradiol (E2) with high affinity, leading to rapid and transient activation of numerous intracellular signaling pathways. Stimulates cAMP production, calcium mobilization and tyrosine kinase Src inducing the release of heparin-bound epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF) and subsequent transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), activating downstream signaling pathways such as PI3K/Akt and ERK/MAPK. Mediates pleiotropic functions among others in the cardiovascular, endocrine [...] (375 aa)
Agpat31-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 3 (Predicted), isoform CRA_b. (376 aa)
Tmed2Transmembrane emp24 domain-containing protein 2; Involved in vesicular protein trafficking. Mainly functions in the early secretory pathway but also in post-Golgi membranes. Thought to act as cargo receptor at the lumenal side for incorporation of secretory cargo molecules into transport vesicles and to be involved in vesicle coat formation at the cytoplasmic side. In COPII vesicle- mediated anterograde transport involved in the transport of GPI- anchored proteins and proposed to act together with TMED10 as their cargo receptor; the function specifically implies SEC24C and SEC24D of th [...] (201 aa)
Cyp3a18Cytochrome P450 3A18; Catalyzes 16-beta- and 6-alpha-hydroxylations of testosterone. (497 aa)
Mmgt1Membrane magnesium transporter 1; Mediates Mg(2+) transport. (131 aa)
Gja1Gap junction alpha-1 protein; Gap junction protein that acts as a regulator of bladder capacity. A gap junction consists of a cluster of closely packed pairs of transmembrane channels, the connexons, through which materials of low MW diffuse from one cell to a neighboring cell. Negative regulator of bladder functional capacity: acts by enhancing intercellular electrical and chemical transmission, thus sensitizing bladder muscles to cholinergic neural stimuli and causing them to contract (By similarity). May play a role in cell growth inhibition through the regulation of NOV expression [...] (382 aa)
Tap1Antigen peptide transporter 1; Involved in the transport of antigens from the cytoplasm to the endoplasmic reticulum for association with MHC class I molecules. Also acts as a molecular scaffold for the final stage of MHC class I folding, namely the binding of peptide. Nascent MHC class I molecules associate with TAP via tapasin (By similarity). (725 aa)
Tmem67Meckelin; Part of the tectonic-like complex which is required for tissue-specific ciliogenesis and may regulate ciliary membrane composition. Involved in centrosome migration to the apical cell surface during early ciliogenesis. Required for ciliary structure and function, including a role in regulating length and appropriate number through modulating centrosome duplication. Required for cell branching morphology. Essential for endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) of surfactant protein C (sftpc) (By similarity). (997 aa)
PtgfrnProstaglandin F2 receptor negative regulator; Inhibits the binding of prostaglandin F2-alpha (PGF2-alpha) to its specific FP receptor, by decreasing the receptor number rather than the affinity constant. Functional coupling with the prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor seems to occur (By similarity). In myoblasts, associates with tetraspanins CD9 and CD81 to prevent myotube fusion during muscle regeneration (By similarity). (879 aa)
LOC103694875Derlin-3. (228 aa)
Ryr1Ryanodine receptor 1; Calcium channel that mediates the release of Ca(2+) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the cytoplasm and thereby plays a key role in triggering muscle contraction following depolarization of T-tubules. Repeated very high-level exercise increases the open probability of the channel and leads to Ca(2+) leaking into the cytoplasm (By similarity). Can also mediate the release of Ca(2+) from intracellular stores in neurons, and may thereby promote prolonged Ca(2+) signaling in the brain. Required for normal embryonic development of muscle fibers and skeletal muscle. [...] (5012 aa)
PigbMannosyltransferase. (542 aa)
Rnf41Ring finger protein 41. (317 aa)
AmfrAutocrine motility factor receptor. (630 aa)
SelenotThioredoxin reductase-like selenoprotein T; Selenoprotein with thioredoxin reductase-like oxidoreductase activity. Protects dopaminergic neurons against oxidative stress ans cell death (By similarity). Involved in ADCYAP1/PACAP-induced calcium mobilization and neuroendocrine secretion. Plays a role in fibroblast anchorage and redox regulation (By similarity). In gastric smooth muscle, modulates the contraction processes through the regulation of calcium release and MYLK activation. In pancreatic islets, involved in the control of glucose homeostasis, contributes to prolonged ADCYAP1/PA [...] (195 aa)
CftrCystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator; Epithelial ion channel that plays an important role in the regulation of epithelial ion and water transport and fluid homeostasis. Mediates the transport of chloride ions across the cell membrane (By similarity). Channel activity is coupled to ATP hydrolysis. The ion channel is also permeable to HCO(3-); selectivity depends on the extracellular chloride concentration. Exerts its function also by modulating the activity of other ion channels and transporters. Contributes to the regulation of the pH and the ion content of the epithelia [...] (1665 aa)
Hsd3b5NADPH-dependent 3-keto-steroid reductase Hsd3b5; Responsible for the reduction of the oxo group on the C-3 of 5alpha-androstane steroids. Catalyzes the conversion of dihydrotestosterone to its inactive form 5alpha-androstanediol, that does not bind androgen receptor/AR. Also converts androstanedione, a precursor of testosterone and estrone, to epiandrosterone. Does not function as an isomerase; Belongs to the 3-beta-HSD family. (373 aa)
Pdia3Protein disulfide-isomerase A3. (510 aa)
Cyb5aCytochrome b5; Cytochrome b5 is a membrane-bound hemoprotein functioning as an electron carrier for several membrane-bound oxygenases. It is also involved in several steps of the sterol biosynthesis pathway, particularly in the C-6 double bond introduction during the C-6 desaturation. (134 aa)
Ubxn8UBX domain containing 6 (Predicted), isoform CRA_a. (276 aa)
SelenokSelenoprotein K; Required for Ca(2+) flux in immune cells and plays a role in T-cell proliferation and in T-cell and neutrophil migration (By similarity). Involved in endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) of soluble glycosylated proteins (By similarity). Required for palmitoylation and cell surface expression of CD36 and involved in macrophage uptake of low-density lipoprotein and in foam cell formation (By similarity). Together with ZDHHC6, required for palmitoylation of ITPR1 in immune cells, leading to regulate ITPR1 stability and function. Plays a role in protection o [...] (93 aa)
Hmox1Heme oxygenase 1; Heme oxygenase cleaves the heme ring at the alpha methene bridge to form biliverdin. Biliverdin is subsequently converted to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase. Under physiological conditions, the activity of heme oxygenase is highest in the spleen, where senescent erythrocytes are sequestrated and destroyed. Exhibits cytoprotective effects since excess of free heme sensitizes cells to undergo apoptosis. (289 aa)
Erlin2Erlin-2; Component of the ERLIN1/ERLIN2 complex which mediates the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) of inositol 1,4,5- trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) such as ITPR1. Promotes sterol- accelerated ERAD of HMGCR probably implicating an AMFR/gp78-containing ubiquitin ligase complex. Involved in regulation of cellular cholesterol homeostasis by regulation the SREBP signaling pathway. May promote ER retention of the SCAP-SREBF complex (By similarity). (339 aa)
Sec61a1Protein transport protein Sec61 subunit alpha isoform 1; Component of SEC61 channel-forming translocon complex that mediates transport of signal peptide-containing precursor polypeptides across endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Forms a ribosome receptor and a gated pore in the ER membrane, both functions required for cotranslational translocation of nascent polypeptides. May cooperate with auxiliary protein SEC62, SEC63 and HSPA5/BiP to enable post- translational transport of small presecretory proteins. Controls the passive efflux of calcium ions from the ER lumen to the cytosol through SEC [...] (476 aa)
ScdAcyl-CoA desaturase 1; Stearyl-CoA desaturase that utilizes O(2) and electrons from reduced cytochrome b5 to introduce the first double bond into saturated fatty acyl-CoA substrates. Catalyzes the insertion of a cis double bond at the Delta-9 position into fatty acyl-CoA substrates including palmitoyl-CoA and stearoyl-CoA. Gives rise to a mixture of 16:1 and 18:1 unsaturated fatty acids. Plays an important role in lipid biosynthesis. Plays an important role in regulating the expression of genes that are involved in lipogenesis and in regulating mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (By si [...] (358 aa)
Tex264Testis expressed gene 264 homolog (Mouse), isoform CRA_a. (309 aa)
Gnrh1Prolactin release-inhibiting factor 1; Stimulates the secretion of gonadotropins; it stimulates the secretion of both luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormones. (92 aa)
Cyp2c23Cytochrome P450 2C23; Predominant enzyme isoform responsible for arachidonic acid epoxidation in the rat kidney. Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent metabolism of arachidonic acid to a mixture of 5,6-, 8,9-, 11,12-, and 14,15- epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETS) as the only oxygenation products. Low rate of lauric acid hydroxylation at the (omega-1)-position; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (494 aa)
Lrit1Leucine-rich repeat, immunoglobulin-like domain and transmembrane domain-containing protein 1; Possible role in phototransduction. (617 aa)
Esyt3Extended synaptotagmin 3. (890 aa)
Tusc3Tumor suppressor candidate 3, isoform CRA_b. (347 aa)
CherpCalcium homeostasis endoplasmic reticulum protein (Predicted). (935 aa)
Erlin1SPFH domain family, member 1 (Predicted). (348 aa)
Stt3bSTT3 oligosaccharyltransferase complex catalytic subunit B. (824 aa)
Lpcat3Lysophospholipid acyltransferase 5; Seems to be the major enzyme contributing to lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase activity in the liver. Favors unsaturated fatty acyl-CoAs as acyl donors compared to saturated fatty acyl-CoAs. Displays lysophosphatidylserine acyltransferase (LPSAT) activity (By similarity). (487 aa)
Cyp2e1Cytochrome P450 2E1; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of fatty acids. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds. Hydroxylates fatty acids specifically at the omega-1 position displaying the highest catalytic activity for saturated fatty acids. May be involved in the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics. (493 aa)
Man1b1Endoplasmic reticulum mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,2-alpha-mannosidase; Involved in glycoprotein quality control targeting of misfolded glycoproteins for degradation. It primarily trims a single alpha-1,2-linked mannose residue from Man(9)GlcNAc(2) to produce Man(8)GlcNAc(2), but at high enzyme concentrations, as found in the ER quality control compartment (ERQC), it further trims the carbohydrates to Man(5-6)GlcNAc(2) (By similarity); Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 47 family. (657 aa)
SarafStore-operated calcium entry-associated regulatory factor; Negative regulator of store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) involved in protecting cells from Ca(2+) overfilling. In response to cytosolic Ca(2+) elevation after endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) refilling, promotes a slow inactivation of STIM (STIM1 or STIM2)- dependent SOCE activity: possibly act by facilitating the deoligomerization of STIM to efficiently turn off ORAI when the endoplasmic reticulum lumen is filled with the appropriate Ca(2+) levels, and thus preventing the overload of the cell with excessive Ca(2+) ions (By similar [...] (334 aa)
Sptlc2Serine palmitoyltransferase 2; Serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT). The heterodimer formed with LCB1/SPTLC1 constitutes the catalytic core. The composition of the serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) complex determines the substrate preference. The SPTLC1-SPTLC2-SPTSSA complex shows a strong preference for C16-CoA substrate, while the SPTLC1-SPTLC2-SPTSSB complex displays a preference for C18-CoA substrate (By similarity). Plays an important role in de novo sphyngolipid biosynthesis which is crucial for adipogenesis (By similarity). (560 aa)
Dpm1Dolichol-phosphate mannosyltransferase subunit 1; Transfers mannose from GDP-mannose to dolichol monophosphate to form dolichol phosphate mannose (Dol-P-Man) which is the mannosyl donor in pathways leading to N-glycosylation, glycosyl phosphatidylinositol membrane anchoring, and O-mannosylation of proteins. (260 aa)
Cyp2c12Cytochrome P450 2C12, female-specific; This P450 is active in 15-beta-hydroxylation of steroid sulfates. (490 aa)
FurinFurin; Ubiquitous endoprotease within constitutive secretory pathways capable of cleavage at the RX(K/R)R consensus motif. Mediates processing of TGFB1, an essential step in TGF-beta-1 activation. (793 aa)
Uba5Ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 5; E1-like enzyme which activates UFM1 and SUMO2. (403 aa)
Sec11aSignal peptidase complex catalytic subunit SEC11A; Component of the microsomal signal peptidase complex which removes signal peptides from nascent proteins as they are translocated into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. (179 aa)
Pomt1Protein O-mannosyl-transferase 1; Transfers mannosyl residues to the hydroxyl group of serine or threonine residues. Coexpression of both POMT1 and POMT2 is necessary for enzyme activity, expression of either POMT1 or POMT2 alone is insufficient. Essentially dedicated to O-mannosylation of alpha-DAG1 and few other proteins but not of cadherins and protocaherins. (747 aa)
Ssr3Translocon-associated protein subunit gamma; TRAP proteins are part of a complex whose function is to bind calcium to the ER membrane and thereby regulate the retention of ER resident proteins. (66 aa)
PighPhosphatidylinositol glycan, class H (Predicted), isoform CRA_a. (188 aa)
PigkGPI-anchor transamidase; Mediates GPI anchoring in the endoplasmic reticulum, by replacing a protein's C-terminal GPI attachment signal peptide with a pre-assembled GPI. During this transamidation reaction, the GPI transamidase forms a carbonyl intermediate with the substrate protein. Belongs to the peptidase C13 family. (395 aa)
Sptlc1Serine palmitoyltransferase 1; Serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT). The heterodimer formed with SPTLC2 or SPTLC3 constitutes the catalytic core. The composition of the serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) complex determines the substrate preference. The SPTLC1-SPTLC2-SPTSSA complex shows a strong preference for C16-CoA substrate, while the SPTLC1-SPTLC3-SPTSSA isozyme uses both C14-CoA and C16-CoA as substrates, with a slight preference for C14-CoA. The SPTLC1-SPTLC2-SPTSSB complex shows a strong preference for C18-CoA substrate, while the SPTLC1-SPTLC3-SPTSSB isozyme displays an ability to [...] (473 aa)
Ptpn1Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1; Tyrosine-protein phosphatase which acts as a regulator of endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response. Mediates dephosphorylation of EIF2AK3/PERK; inactivating the protein kinase activity of EIF2AK3/PERK. May play an important role in CKII- and p60c- src-induced signal transduction cascades. May regulate the EFNA5-EPHA3 signaling pathway which modulates cell reorganization and cell-cell repulsion. May also regulate the hepatocyte growth factor receptor signaling pathway through dephosphorylation of MET (By similarity). (432 aa)
Elovl6Elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein 6; Catalyzes the first and rate-limiting reaction of the four reactions that constitute the long-chain fatty acids elongation cycle. This endoplasmic reticulum-bound enzymatic process allows the addition of 2 carbons to the chain of long- and very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) per cycle. Condensing enzyme that elongates fatty acids with 12, 14 and 16 carbons with higher activity toward C16:0 acyl-CoAs. Catalyzes the synthesis of unsaturated C16 long chain fatty acids and, to a lesser extent, C18:0 and those with low desaturation degre [...] (267 aa)
Xbp1X-box-binding protein 1, cytoplasmic form; Functions as a transcription factor during endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by regulating the unfolded protein response (UPR). Required for cardiac myogenesis and hepatogenesis during embryonic development, and the development of secretory tissues such as exocrine pancreas and salivary gland. Involved in terminal differentiation of B lymphocytes to plasma cells and production of immunoglobulins. Modulates the cellular response to ER stress in a PIK3R-dependent manner. Binds to the cis-acting X box present in the promoter regions of major hist [...] (371 aa)
Plpp7Inactive phospholipid phosphatase 7; Plays a role as negative regulator of myoblast differentiation, in part through effects on MTOR signaling. Has no detectable enzymatic activity (By similarity). (271 aa)
Emc3ER membrane protein complex subunit 3; Belongs to the EMC3 family. (261 aa)
Cyp4b1Cytochrome P450 4B1; Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. (511 aa)
Cyp7b125-hydroxycholesterol 7-alpha-hydroxylase; Oxysterol 7alpha-hydroxylase that mediates formation of 7- alpha,25-dihydroxycholesterol (7-alpha,25-OHC) from 25- hydroxycholesterol. Plays a key role in cell positioning and movement in lymphoid tissues: 7-alpha,25-dihydroxycholesterol (7-alpha,25-OHC) acts as a ligand for the G protein-coupled receptor GPR183/EBI2, a chemotactic receptor for a number of lymphoid cells. (507 aa)
Elovl4Elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein 4; Catalyzes the first and rate-limiting reaction of the four reactions that constitute the long-chain fatty acids elongation cycle. This endoplasmic reticulum-bound enzymatic process allows the addition of 2 carbons to the chain of long- and very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) per cycle. Condensing enzyme that specifically elongates C24:0 and C26:0 acyl-CoAs. May participate to the production of saturated and monounsaturated VLCFAs of different chain lengths that are involved in multiple biological processes as precursors of membrane [...] (314 aa)
Fkbp1aPeptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP1A; Keeps in an inactive conformation TGFBR1, the TGF-beta type I serine/threonine kinase receptor, preventing TGF-beta receptor activation in absence of ligand. Recruits SMAD7 to ACVR1B which prevents the association of SMAD2 and SMAD3 with the activin receptor complex, thereby blocking the activin signal. May modulate the RYR1 calcium channel activity. PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides (By similarity); Belongs to the FKBP-type PPIase family. FKBP [...] (108 aa)
Cyp4a8Cytochrome P450 4A12; Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. (508 aa)
Cyp2d2Cytochrome P450 2D26; Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. (500 aa)
Kpnb1Importin subunit beta-1; Functions in nuclear protein import, either in association with an adapter protein, like an importin-alpha subunit, which binds to nuclear localization signals (NLS) in cargo substrates, or by acting as autonomous nuclear transport receptor. Acting autonomously, serves itself as NLS receptor. Docking of the importin/substrate complex to the nuclear pore complex (NPC) is mediated by KPNB1 through binding to nucleoporin FxFG repeats and the complex is subsequently translocated through the pore by an energy requiring, Ran-dependent mechanism. At the nucleoplasmic [...] (876 aa)
Dad1Dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase subunit DAD1; Subunit of the oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) complex that catalyzes the initial transfer of a defined glycan (Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2) in eukaryotes) from the lipid carrier dolichol- pyrophosphate to an asparagine residue within an Asn-X-Ser/Thr consensus motif in nascent polypeptide chains, the first step in protein N-glycosylation. N-glycosylation occurs cotranslationally and the complex associates with the Sec61 complex at the channel-forming translocon complex that mediates protein translocation across the [...] (113 aa)
SlnSarcolipin; Reversibly inhibits the activity of ATP2A1 in sarcoplasmic reticulum by decreasing the apparent affinity of the ATPase for Ca(2+). Modulates calcium re-uptake during muscle relaxation and plays an important role in calcium homeostasis in muscle. Required for muscle- based, non-shivering thermogenesis (By similarity). (31 aa)
Cyp2d4Cytochrome P450 2D4; Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. (500 aa)
Grin2bGlutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B; Component of NMDA receptor complexes that function as heterotetrameric, ligand-gated ion channels with high calcium permeability and voltage-dependent sensitivity to magnesium. Channel activation requires binding of the neurotransmitter glutamate to the epsilon subunit, glycine binding to the zeta subunit, plus membrane depolarization to eliminate channel inhibition by Mg(2+). Sensitivity to glutamate and channel kinetics depend on the subunit composition (Probable). In concert with DAPK1 at extrasynaptic sites, acts as a central mediator for str [...] (1482 aa)
Ost4Dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase subunit 4; Subunit of the oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) complex that catalyzes the initial transfer of a defined glycan (Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2) in eukaryotes) from the lipid carrier dolichol- pyrophosphate to an asparagine residue within an Asn-X-Ser/Thr consensus motif in nascent polypeptide chains, the first step in protein N-glycosylation. N-glycosylation occurs cotranslationally and the complex associates with the Sec61 complex at the channel-forming translocon complex that mediates protein translocation across the en [...] (37 aa)
Plpp3Phospholipid phosphatase 3; Magnesium-independent phospholipid phosphatase of the plasma membrane that catalyzes the dephosphorylation of a variety of glycerolipid and sphingolipid phosphate esters including phosphatidate/PA, lysophosphatidate/LPA, diacylglycerol pyrophosphate/DGPP, sphingosine 1-phosphate/S1P and ceramide 1- phosphate/C1P. Also acts on N-oleoyl ethanolamine phosphate/N-(9Z- octadecenoyl)-ethanolamine phosphate, a potential physiological compound. Has both an extracellular and an intracellular phosphatase activity, allowing the hydrolysis and the cellular uptake of the [...] (312 aa)
Vamp7Vesicle-associated membrane protein 7; Involved in the targeting and/or fusion of transport vesicles to their target membrane during transport of proteins from the early endosome to the lysosome. Required for heterotypic fusion of late endosomes with lysosomes and homotypic lysosomal fusion. Required for calcium regulated lysosomal exocytosis. Involved in the export of chylomicrons from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cis Golgi. Required for exocytosis of mediators during eosinophil and neutrophil degranulation, and target cell killing by natural killer cells. Required for focal exocy [...] (220 aa)
Slc9a1Sodium/hydrogen exchanger 1; Involved in pH regulation to eliminate acids generated by active metabolism or to counter adverse environmental conditions. Major proton extruding system driven by the inward sodium ion chemical gradient. Plays an important role in signal transduction. (820 aa)
Aup1Ancient ubiquitous protein 1; May play a role in the translocation of terminally misfolded proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum lumen to the cytoplasm and their degradation by the proteasome. (410 aa)
Mgst1Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1; Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles. (155 aa)
Plod1Procollagen-lysine,2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 1; Part of a complex composed of PLOD1, P3H3 and P3H4 that catalyzes hydroxylation of lysine residues in collagen alpha chains and is required for normal assembly and cross-linkling of collagen fibrils (By similarity). Forms hydroxylysine residues in -Xaa-Lys- Gly- sequences in collagens. These hydroxylysines serve as sites of attachment for carbohydrate units and are essential for the stability of the intermolecular collagen cross-links (By similarity). (728 aa)
Ptgs1Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1; Converts arachidonate to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), a committed step in prostanoid synthesis. Involved in the constitutive production of prostanoids in particular in the stomach and platelets. In gastric epithelial cells, it is a key step in the generation of prostaglandins, such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which plays an important role in cytoprotection. In platelets, it is involved in the generation of thromboxane A2 (TXA2), which promotes platelet activation and aggregation, vasoconstriction and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. (602 aa)
Rsad2Radical S-adenosyl methionine domain-containing protein 2; Interferon-inducible iron-sulfur (4FE-4S) cluster-binding antiviral protein which plays a major role in the cell antiviral state induced by type I and type II interferon. Can inhibit a wide range of viruses, including west Nile virus (WNV), dengue virus, sindbis virus, influenza A virus, sendai virus and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). Displays antiviral activity against influenza A virus by inhibiting the budding of the virus from the plasma membrane by disturbing the lipid rafts. This is accomplished, at least in part, thro [...] (362 aa)
B3gat1Galactosylgalactosylxylosylprotein 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase 1; Involved in the biosynthesis of L2/HNK-1 carbohydrate epitope on glycoproteins. Can also play a role in glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis. Substrates include asialo-orosomucoid (ASOR), asialo- fetuin, and asialo-neural cell adhesion molecule. Requires sphingomyelin for activity: stearoyl-sphingomyelin was the most effective, followed by palmitoyl-sphingomyelin and lignoceroyl- sphingomyelin. Activity was demonstrated only for sphingomyelin with a saturated fatty acid and not for that with an unsaturated fatty acid, regar [...] (347 aa)
PrebProlactin regulatory element-binding protein; Guanine nucleotide exchange factor that specifically activates the small GTPase SAR1B. Mediates the recruitment of SAR1B and other COPII coat components to endoplasmic reticulum membranes and is therefore required for the formation of COPII transport vesicles from the ER. (417 aa)
Casq1Calsequestrin-1; Calsequestrin is a high-capacity, moderate affinity, calcium- binding protein and thus acts as an internal calcium store in muscle. Calcium ions are bound by clusters of acidic residues at the protein surface, often at the interface between subunits. Can bind around 80 Ca(2+) ions. Regulates the release of lumenal Ca(2+) via the calcium release channel RYR1; this plays an important role in triggering muscle contraction (By similarity). Negatively regulates store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) activity (By similarity). (406 aa)
Insig1Insulin-induced gene 1 protein; Mediates feedback control of cholesterol synthesis by controlling SCAP and HMGCR. Functions by blocking the processing of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs). Capable of retaining the SCAP-SREBF2 complex in the ER thus preventing it from escorting SREBPs to the Golgi. Initiates the sterol-mediated ubiquitin- mediated endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) of HMGCR via recruitment of the reductase to the ubiquitin ligase, AMFR/gp78. May play a role in growth and differentiation of tissues involved in metabolic control. May pla [...] (259 aa)
AldobFructose-bisphosphate aldolase B. (364 aa)
Atl2Atlastin GTPase 2. (583 aa)
Nup210Nuclear pore membrane glycoprotein 210; Nucleoporin essential for nuclear pore assembly and fusion, nuclear pore spacing, as well as structural integrity. (1886 aa)
Rab2aRas-related protein Rab-2A; Required for protein transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi complex. (206 aa)
Eif2ak3Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3; Metabolic-stress sensing protein kinase that phosphorylates the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF-2- alpha/EIF2S1) on 'Ser-52' during the unfolded protein response (UPR) and in response to low amino acid availability. Converts phosphorylated eIF-2-alpha/EIF2S1 either in a global protein synthesis inhibitor, leading to a reduced overall utilization of amino acids, or to a translation initiation activator of specific mRNAs, such as the transcriptional activator ATF4, and hence allowing ATF4-mediated [...] (1108 aa)
Emc7ER membrane protein complex subunit 7. (241 aa)
CaluCalumenin; Involved in regulation of vitamin K-dependent carboxylation of multiple N-terminal glutamate residues. Seems to inhibit gamma- carboxylase GGCX. Binds 7 calcium ions with a low affinity (By similarity). (315 aa)
Sec61bProtein transport protein Sec61 subunit beta; Necessary for protein translocation in the endoplasmic reticulum. (96 aa)
Grin3aGlutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A; NMDA receptor subtype of glutamate-gated ion channels with reduced single-channel conductance, low calcium permeability and low voltage-dependent sensitivity to magnesium. Mediated by glycine. May play a role in the development of dendritic spines. May also play a role in PPP2CB-NMDAR mediated signaling mechanism. (903 aa)
Creb3l1Processed cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 1; Transcription factor involved in unfolded protein response (UPR). Binds the DNA consensus sequence 5'-GTGXGCXGC-3' (By similarity). In the absence of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, inserted into ER membranes, with N-terminal DNA-binding and transcription activation domains oriented toward the cytosolic face of the membrane. In response to ER stress, transported to the Golgi, where it is cleaved in a site-specific manner by resident proteases S1P/MBTPS1 and S2P/MBTPS2. The released N-terminal cytosolic domain [...] (520 aa)
Erp44Endoplasmic reticulum protein 44. (406 aa)
Stx17Syntaxin-17; SNAREs, soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor-attachment protein receptors, are essential proteins for fusion of cellular membranes. SNAREs localized on opposing membranes assemble to form a trans-SNARE complex, an extended, parallel four alpha-helical bundle that drives membrane fusion. STX17 is a SNARE of the autophagosome involved in autophagy through the direct control of autophagosome membrane fusion with the lysosome membrane. May also play a role in the early secretory pathway where it may maintain the architecture of the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate [...] (301 aa)
Emc4ER membrane protein complex subunit 4; Belongs to the EMC4 family. (183 aa)
VapbVesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein B; Participates in the endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response (UPR) by inducing ERN1/IRE1 activity. Involved in cellular calcium homeostasis regulation; Belongs to the VAMP-associated protein (VAP) (TC 9.B.17) family. (243 aa)
Derl1Derlin; Functional component of endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) for misfolded lumenal proteins. May act by forming a channel that allows the retrotranslocation of misfolded proteins into the cytosol where they are ubiquitinated and degraded by the proteasome; Belongs to the derlin family. (251 aa)
Cyp4f5Cytochrome P450 4F5; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (526 aa)
Sacm1lPhosphatidylinositide phosphatase SAC1; Phosphoinositide phosphatase that hydrolyzes phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(3)P) and phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns(4)P) (By similarity). Has low activity towards PtdIns(3,5)P2. (587 aa)
Emc2ER membrane protein complex subunit 2; Belongs to the EMC2 family. (296 aa)
Esyt2Extended synaptotagmin 2. (845 aa)
Tap2Antigen peptide transporter 2; Involved in the transport of antigens from the cytoplasm to the endoplasmic reticulum for association with MHC class I molecules. Also acts as a molecular scaffold for the final stage of MHC class I folding, namely the binding of peptide. Nascent MHC class I molecules associate with TAP via tapasin (By similarity). (703 aa)
PlnCardiac phospholamban; Reversibly inhibits the activity of ATP2A2 in cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum by decreasing the apparent affinity of the ATPase for Ca(2+). Modulates the contractility of the heart muscle in response to physiological stimuli via its effects on ATP2A2. Modulates calcium re-uptake during muscle relaxation and plays an important role in calcium homeostasis in the heart muscle. The degree of ATP2A2 inhibition depends on the oligomeric state of PLN. ATP2A2 inhibition is alleviated by PLN phosphorylation (By similarity). (52 aa)
Lmf1Lipase maturation factor; Involved in the maturation of specific proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum; Belongs to the lipase maturation factor family. (575 aa)
Cyp4a2Cytochrome P450 4A2; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that catalyzes omega and omega-1 hydroxylation of saturated fatty acids. Exhibits preferential omega versus omega-1 regioselectivity and (R) versus (S) stereoselectivity for hydroxylation of lauric and myristic acids. Has low activity toward palmitic acid. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase). (504 aa)
Cyp2c11Cytochrome P450 2C11; Metabolizes testosterone mainly in positions 2 alpha and 16 alpha; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (430 aa)
VapaVesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein A; Binds to OSBPL3, which mediates recruitment of VAPA to plasma membrane sites (By similarity). The ORP3-VAPA complex stimulates RRAS signaling which in turn attenuates integrin beta-1 (ITGB1) activation at the cell surface (By similarity). With OSBPL3, may regulate ER morphology (By similarity). May play a role in vesicle trafficking. (272 aa)
PemtPhosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase; Catalyzes the three sequential steps of the methylation pathway of phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis, the SAM-dependent methylation of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) to phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine (PMME), PMME to phosphatidyldimethylethanolamine (PDME), and PDME to phosphatidylcholine (PC). (199 aa)
SelenosSelenoprotein S; Involved in the degradation process of misfolded endoplasmic reticulum (ER) luminal proteins. Participates in the transfer of misfolded proteins from the ER to the cytosol, where they are destroyed by the proteasome in a ubiquitin-dependent manner. Probably acts by serving as a linker between DERL1, which mediates the retrotranslocation of misfolded proteins into the cytosol, and the ATPase complex VCP, which mediates the translocation and ubiquitination (By similarity). (189 aa)
Itpr3Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3; Receptor for inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, a second messenger that mediates the release of intracellular calcium. (2670 aa)
PrknE3 ubiquitin-protein ligase parkin; Functions within a multiprotein E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, catalyzing the covalent attachment of ubiquitin moieties onto substrate proteins, such as BCL2, SYT11, CCNE1, GPR37, RHOT1/MIRO1, MFN1, MFN2, STUB1, SNCAIP, SEPTIN5, TOMM20, USP30, ZNF746 and AIMP2. Mediates monoubiquitination as well as 'Lys-6', 'Lys-11', 'Lys-48'-linked and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination of substrates depending on the context. Participates in the removal and/or detoxification of abnormally folded or damaged protein by mediating 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination of mi [...] (289 aa)
Jph1Junctophilin; Junctophilins contribute to the formation of junctional membrane complexes (JMCs) which link the plasma membrane with the endoplasmic or sarcoplasmic reticulum in excitable cells. Provides a structural foundation for functional cross-talk between the cell surface and intracellular calcium release channels. (660 aa)
Tmx1Thioredoxin-related transmembrane protein 1. (278 aa)
MlecMalectin; Carbohydrate-binding protein with a strong ligand preference for Glc2-N-glycan. May play a role in the early steps of protein N- glycosylation (By similarity); Belongs to the malectin family. (294 aa)
Cyp2b12Cytochrome P450 2B12; Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. This isozyme seems responsible for metabolism of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl. (492 aa)
Ptdss1Phosphatidylserine synthase 1; Catalyzes a base-exchange reaction in which the polar head group of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) or phosphatidylcholine (PC) is replaced by L-serine. In membranes, PTDSS1 catalyzes mainly the conversion of phosphatidylcholine. Also converts, in vitro and to a lesser extent, phosphatidylethanolamine (By similarity). (502 aa)
Cyp2d1Cytochrome P450 2D3; Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. (509 aa)
Lpin2Lipin 2. (932 aa)
Aldh3a2Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 3 member A2; Catalyzes the oxidation of medium and long-chain aliphatic aldehydes to fatty acids. Active on a variety of saturated and unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes between 6 and 24 carbons in length. Responsible for conversion of the sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) degradation product hexadecenal to hexadecenoic acid (By similarity). (584 aa)
Dio1Type I iodothyronine deiodinase; Responsible for the deiodination of T4 (3,5,3',5'- tetraiodothyronine) into T3 (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine) and of T3 into T2 (3,3'-diiodothyronine). (256 aa)
Bcap31B-cell receptor-associated protein 31, isoform CRA_a. (245 aa)
Esyt1Extended synaptotagmin-1; Binds glycerophospholipids in a barrel-like domain and may play a role in cellular lipid transport (By similarity). Binds calcium (via the C2 domains) and translocates to sites of contact between the endoplasmic reticulum and the cell membrane in response to increased cytosolic calcium levels. Helps tether the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell membrane and promotes the formation of appositions between the endoplasmic reticulum and the cell membrane (By similarity). Belongs to the extended synaptotagmin family. (1089 aa)
Ssr4Translocon-associated protein subunit delta; TRAP proteins are part of a complex whose function is to bind calcium to the ER membrane and thereby regulate the retention of ER resident proteins. (173 aa)
Rab3gap1Rab3 GTPase-activating protein catalytic subunit; Probable catalytic subunit of a GTPase activating protein that has specificity for Rab3 subfamily (RAB3A, RAB3B, RAB3C and RAB3D). Rab3 proteins are involved in regulated exocytosis of neurotransmitters and hormones. Specifically converts active Rab3-GTP to the inactive form Rab3-GDP. Required for normal eye and brain development. May participate in neurodevelopmental processes such as proliferation, migration and differentiation before synapse formation, and non-synaptic vesicular release of neurotransmitters. (769 aa)
Edem1alpha-1,2-Mannosidase; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 47 family. (650 aa)
Chek1Serine/threonine-protein kinase Chk1. (773 aa)
Bscl2Seipin; Is a regulator of lipid catabolism essential for adipocyte differentiation. Necessary for correct lipid storage and lipid droplets maintenance; may play a tissue-autonomous role in controlling lipid storage in adipocytes and in preventing ectopic lipid droplet formation in non-adipose tissues. May also be involved in the central regulation of energy homeostasis (By similarity); Belongs to the seipin family. (377 aa)
Tyro3Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor TYRO3; Receptor tyrosine kinase that transduces signals from the extracellular matrix into the cytoplasm by binding to several ligands including TULP1 or GAS6. Regulates many physiological processes including cell survival, migration and differentiation. Ligand binding at the cell surface induces dimerization and autophosphorylation of TYRO3 on its intracellular domain that provides docking sites for downstream signaling molecules. Following activation by ligand, interacts with PIK3R1 and thereby enhances PI3-kinase activity. Activates the AKT survival [...] (880 aa)
Dolpp1Dolichyl pyrophosphate phosphatase 1 (Predicted), isoform CRA_b. (238 aa)
LbrDelta(14)-sterol reductase LBR; Catalyzes the reduction of the C14-unsaturated bond of lanosterol, as part of the metabolic pathway leading to cholesterol biosynthesis (By similarity). Plays a critical role in myeloid cell cholesterol biosynthesis which is essential to both myeloid cell growth and functional maturation (By similarity). Mediates the activation of NADPH oxidases, perhaps by maintaining critical levels of cholesterol required for membrane lipid raft formation during neutrophil differentiation (By similarity). Anchors the lamina and the heterochromatin to the inner nuclear [...] (620 aa)
Slc37a4Solute carrier family 37 member 4. (450 aa)
Derl2Derlin; Functional component of endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) for misfolded lumenal proteins. May act by forming a channel that allows the retrotranslocation of misfolded proteins into the cytosol where they are ubiquitinated and degraded by the proteasome; Belongs to the derlin family. (239 aa)
Igf2Insulin-like growth factor II; The insulin-like growth factors possess growth-promoting activity. Major fetal growth hormone in mammals. Plays a key role in regulating fetoplacental development. IGF-II is influenced by placental lactogen. Also involved in tissue differentiation. Positively regulates myogenic transcription factor MYOD1 function by facilitating the recruitment of transcriptional coactivators, thereby controlling muscle terminal differentiation. In adults, involved in glucose metabolism in adipose tissue, skeletal muscle and liver. Acts as a ligand for integrin which is r [...] (191 aa)
Faf2FAS-associated factor 2; Plays an important role in endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) that mediates ubiquitin-dependent degradation of misfolded endoplasmic reticulum proteins. By controlling the steady- state expression of the IGF1R receptor, indirectly regulates the insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway. Involved in inhibition of lipid droplet degradation by binding to phospholipase PNPL2 and inhibiting its activity by promoting dissociation of PNPL2 from its endogenous activator, ABHD5 which inhibits the rate of triacylglycerol hydrolysis. (445 aa)
Cyp3a2Cytochrome P450 3A1; Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. (502 aa)
Krtcap2Keratinocyte-associated protein 2; Subunit of the oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) complex that catalyzes the initial transfer of a defined glycan (Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2) in eukaryotes) from the lipid carrier dolichol- pyrophosphate to an asparagine residue within an Asn-X-Ser/Thr consensus motif in nascent polypeptide chains, the first step in protein N-glycosylation. N-glycosylation occurs cotranslationally and the complex associates with the Sec61 complex at the channel-forming translocon complex that mediates protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). All subunits [...] (136 aa)
Cyp3a9Cytochrome P450 3A9; This isozyme seems to be implicated in olfaction. Active in the demethylation of erythromycin as well as benzphetamine. (503 aa)
Cyp2c13Cytochrome P450 2C13, male-specific; Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. (490 aa)
Rnf139Ring finger protein 139. (656 aa)
Ufd1Ubiquitin recognition factor in ER-associated degradation protein 1; Essential component of the ubiquitin-dependent proteolytic pathway which degrades ubiquitin fusion proteins. The ternary complex containing UFD1, VCP and NPLOC4 binds ubiquitinated proteins and is necessary for the export of misfolded proteins from the ER to the cytoplasm, where they are degraded by the proteasome. The NPLOC4-UFD1- VCP complex regulates spindle disassembly at the end of mitosis and is necessary for the formation of a closed nuclear envelope. It may be involved in the development of some ectoderm-deriv [...] (307 aa)
Elovl6-2Elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein 6-like. (267 aa)
Fkbp1bPeptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP1B; Has the potential to contribute to the immunosuppressive and toxic effects of FK506 and rapamycin. PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides; Belongs to the FKBP-type PPIase family. FKBP1 subfamily. (108 aa)
Cisd2Similar to RIKEN cDNA 1500009M05 (Predicted). (135 aa)
SriLOC683667 protein. (198 aa)
Rpn1Dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase subunit 1; Subunit of the oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) complex that catalyzes the initial transfer of a defined glycan (Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2) in eukaryotes) from the lipid carrier dolichol- pyrophosphate to an asparagine residue within an Asn-X-Ser/Thr consensus motif in nascent polypeptide chains, the first step in protein N-glycosylation. N-glycosylation occurs cotranslationally and the complex associates with the Sec61 complex at the channel-forming translocon complex that mediates protein translocation across the en [...] (606 aa)
Kcnb1Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily B member 1; Voltage-gated potassium channel that mediates transmembrane potassium transport in excitable membranes, primarily in the brain, but also in the pancreas and cardiovascular system. Contributes to the regulation of the action potential (AP) repolarization, duration and frequency of repetitive AP firing in neurons, muscle cells and endocrine cells and plays a role in homeostatic attenuation of electrical excitability throughout the brain. Plays also a role in the regulation of exocytosis independently of its electrical function. Forms [...] (853 aa)
Reep2Receptor expression-enhancing protein. (252 aa)
Rab10Ras-related protein Rab-10; The small GTPases Rab are key regulators of intracellular membrane trafficking, from the formation of transport vesicles to their fusion with membranes (By similarity). Rabs cycle between an inactive GDP-bound form and an active GTP-bound form that is able to recruit to membranes different set of downstream effectors directly responsible for vesicle formation, movement, tethering and fusion (By similarity). That Rab is mainly involved in the biosynthetic transport of proteins from the Golgi to the plasma membrane (By similarity). Regulates, for instance, SLC [...] (200 aa)
Dpm2Dolichol phosphate-mannose biosynthesis regulatory protein; Regulates the biosynthesis of dolichol phosphate-mannose. Regulatory subunit of the dolichol-phosphate mannose (DPM) synthase complex; essential for the ER localization and stable expression of DPM1. When associated with the GPI-GlcNAc transferase (GPI-GnT) complex enhances but is not essential for its activity. (83 aa)
Tmem159Promethin. (161 aa)
Sting1Stimulator of interferon genes protein; Facilitator of innate immune signaling that acts as a sensor of cytosolic DNA from bacteria and viruses and promotes the production of type I interferon (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta). Innate immune response is triggered in response to non-CpG double-stranded DNA from viruses and bacteria delivered to the cytoplasm (By similarity). Acts by binding cyclic dinucleotides: recognizes and binds cyclic di- GMP (c-di-GMP), a second messenger produced by bacteria, and cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), a messenger produced by CGAS in response to DNA virus in the cytosol [...] (379 aa)
Rpn2Dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase subunit 2; Subunit of the oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) complex that catalyzes the initial transfer of a defined glycan (Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2) in eukaryotes) from the lipid carrier dolichol- pyrophosphate to an asparagine residue within an Asn-X-Ser/Thr consensus motif in nascent polypeptide chains, the first step in protein N-glycosylation. N-glycosylation occurs cotranslationally and the complex associates with the Sec61 complex at the channel-forming translocon complex that mediates protein translocation across the en [...] (631 aa)
Pdzd8PDZ domain containing 8 (Predicted). (1152 aa)
Nos1Nitric oxide synthase, brain; Produces nitric oxide (NO) which is a messenger molecule with diverse functions throughout the body. In the brain and peripheral nervous system, NO displays many properties of a neurotransmitter. Inhibitory transmitter for non-adrenergic and non-cholinergic nerves in the colorectum. Probably has nitrosylase activity and mediates cysteine S-nitrosylation of cytoplasmic target proteins such SRR. Inhibitory transmitter for non-adrenergic and non-cholinergic nerves in the colorectum; Belongs to the NOS family. (1463 aa)
Pex16Peroxisomal membrane protein PEX16. (336 aa)
Tmbim6Bax inhibitor 1; Suppressor of apoptosis. Modulates unfolded protein response signaling. Modulates ER calcium homeostasis by acting as a calcium-leak channel. Negatively regulates autophagy and autophagosome formation, especially during periods of nutrient deprivation, and reduces cell survival during starvation; Belongs to the BI1 family. (400 aa)
Rab1aRAB1A, member RAS oncogene family. (323 aa)
Dlg1Disks large homolog 1; Essential multidomain scaffolding protein required for normal development (By similarity). Recruits channels, receptors and signaling molecules to discrete plasma membrane domains in polarized cells. Regulates the excitability of cardiac myocytes by modulating the functional expression of Kv4 channels. Functional regulator of Kv1.5 channel (By similarity). May play a role in adherens junction assembly, signal transduction, cell proliferation, synaptogenesis and lymphocyte activation. During long-term depression in hippocampal neurons, it recruits ADAM10 to the pl [...] (917 aa)
RtcbRNA-splicing ligase RtcB homolog; Catalytic subunit of the tRNA-splicing ligase complex that acts by directly joining spliced tRNA halves to mature-sized tRNAs by incorporating the precursor-derived splice junction phosphate into the mature tRNA as a canonical 3',5'-phosphodiester. May act as an RNA ligase with broad substrate specificity, and may function toward other RNAs. (505 aa)
Akap6A-kinase anchor protein 6; Binds to type II regulatory subunits of protein kinase A and anchors/targets them to the nuclear membrane or sarcoplasmic reticulum. May act as an adapter for assembling multiprotein complexes (By similarity). (2314 aa)
Rtn4Reticulon-4; Required to induce the formation and stabilization of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) tubules. They regulate membrane morphogenesis in the ER by promoting tubular ER production. They influence nuclear envelope expansion, nuclear pore complex formation and proper localization of inner nuclear membrane proteins. However each isoform have specific functions mainly depending on their tissue expression specificities. [Isoform B]: Mainly function in endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells, is also involved in immune system regulation (By similarity). Modulator of vascular [...] (1163 aa)
Sptlc3Serine palmitoyltransferase, long chain base subunit 3. (563 aa)
SptssaSerine palmitoyltransferase small subunit A; Stimulates the activity of serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT). The composition of the serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) complex determines the substrate preference. The SPTLC1-SPTLC2-SPTSSA complex shows a strong preference for C16-CoA substrate, while the SPTLC1- SPTLC3-SPTSSA isozyme uses both C14-CoA and C16-CoA as substrates, with a slight preference for C14-CoA. Plays a role in MBOAT7 location to mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs), may me involved in fatty acid remodeling phosphatidylinositol (PI). (71 aa)
Soat1Sterol O-acyltransferase 1; Catalyzes the formation of fatty acid-cholesterol esters. Plays a role in lipoprotein assembly and dietary cholesterol absorption; Belongs to the membrane-bound acyltransferase family. Sterol o-acyltransferase subfamily. (545 aa)
LnpkLimb and neural patterns (Predicted), isoform CRA_a. (376 aa)
Nfe2l1Nuclear factor, erythroid 2-like 1. (675 aa)
Emc1Similar to KIAA0090 protein (Predicted), isoform CRA_a. (993 aa)
Mmp23Matrix metalloproteinase-23, soluble form; Protease. May regulate the surface expression of some potassium channels by retaining them in the endoplasmic reticulum. Belongs to the peptidase M10A family. (391 aa)
RhoRhodopsin; Photoreceptor required for image-forming vision at low light intensity. Required for photoreceptor cell viability after birth (By similarity). Light-induced isomerization of 11-cis to all-trans retinal triggers a conformational change that activates signaling via G- proteins. Subsequent receptor phosphorylation mediates displacement of the bound G-protein alpha subunit by the arrestin SAG and terminates signaling (By similarity). (348 aa)
Cyb5r3NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase 3 membrane-bound form; Desaturation and elongation of fatty acids, cholesterol biosynthesis, drug metabolism, and, in erythrocyte, methemoglobin reduction; Belongs to the flavoprotein pyridine nucleotide cytochrome reductase family. (301 aa)
OsbpOxysterol-binding protein; Belongs to the OSBP family. (682 aa)
ApbhAndrogen-binding protein eta. (92 aa)
Reep1Receptor expression-enhancing protein. (201 aa)
PigpPhosphatidylinositol N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase subunit P; Part of the complex catalyzing the transfer of N- acetylglucosamine from UDP-N-acetylglucosamine to phosphatidylinositol, the first step of GPI biosynthesis. (132 aa)
Cant1Soluble calcium-activated nucleotidase 1; Calcium-dependent nucleotidase with a preference for UDP. The order of activity with different substrates is UDP > GDP > IDP >> UTP > CDP = GTP = ITP. Has very low activity towards ADP and even lower activity towards ATP. Does not hydrolyze AMP and GMP. Involved in proteoglycan synthesis (By similarity). (403 aa)
Cyp4f6Cytochrome P450 4F6; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (537 aa)
Slc27a2Very long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase; Acyl CoA synthetase that activates long-chain and very long- chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) by catalyzing the formation of fatty acyl- CoA. Can also activate branched-chain fatty acids such as phytanic acid and pristanic acid (By similarity). Does not activate C24 bile acids, cholate and chenodeoxycholate (By similarity). In vitro, activates 3-alpha,7-alpha,12-alpha- trihydroxy- 5-beta-cholestanate (THCA), the C27 precursor of cholic acid deriving from the de novo synthesis from cholesterol (By similarity). Exhibits long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) transpo [...] (618 aa)
Reep3Receptor expression-enhancing protein. (254 aa)
Ryr2Ryanodine receptor 2; Calcium channel that mediates the release of Ca(2+) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the cytoplasm and thereby plays a key role in triggering cardiac muscle contraction. Aberrant channel activation can lead to cardiac arrhythmia. In cardiac myocytes, calcium release is triggered by increased Ca(2+) levels due to activation of the L-type calcium channel CACNA1C. The calcium channel activity is modulated by formation of heterotetramers with RYR3. Required for cellular calcium ion homeostasis. Required for embryonic heart development (By similarity); Belongs to t [...] (4938 aa)
Kcnma1Calcium-activated potassium channel subunit alpha-1; Potassium channel activated by both membrane depolarization or increase in cytosolic Ca(2+) that mediates export of K(+). It is also activated by the concentration of cytosolic Mg(2+). Its activation dampens the excitatory events that elevate the cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration and/or depolarize the cell membrane. It therefore contributes to repolarization of the membrane potential. Plays a key role in controlling excitability in a number of systems, such as regulation of the contraction of smooth muscle, the tuning of hair cells in t [...] (1242 aa)
Cyp2f4Cytochrome P450 2F2; Involved in the regio- and stereoselective transformation of naphthalene to trans-1R-hydroxy-2R-glutathionyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene in the presence of glutathione and glutathione S-transferases. It specifically catalyzes the production of a very reactive and potentially toxic intermediate, the 2R,2S arene oxide, that is associated with necrosis of the unciliated bronchiolar epithelial cells or Clara cells in lung. (491 aa)
Anxa7Annexin. (463 aa)
Cyp2j10Cytochrome P450 2J3; This enzyme metabolizes arachidonic acid predominantly via a NADPH-dependent olefin epoxidation mainly to 14,15-, 11,12-, and 8,9- epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EET). It also acts as an omega-1-hydroxylase by metabolizing arachidonic acid to 19-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (19-OH-AA). (502 aa)
Srebf2Processed sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2; Transcriptional activator required for lipid homeostasis. Regulates transcription of the LDL receptor gene as well as the cholesterol and to a lesser degree the fatty acid synthesis pathway (By similarity). Binds the sterol regulatory element 1 (SRE-1) (5'- ATCACCCCAC-3') found in the flanking region of the LDRL and HMG-CoA synthase genes (By similarity); Belongs to the SREBP family. (1133 aa)
SvipSmall VCP/p97-interacting protein; Overexpression causes the formation of large vacuoles that seemed to be derived from the endoplasmic reticulum. Belongs to the SVIP family. (76 aa)
Pgap2Post-GPI attachment to proteins factor 2; Involved in the lipid remodeling steps of GPI-anchor maturation. Required for stable expression of GPI-anchored proteins at the cell surface; Belongs to the PGAP2 family. (254 aa)
Nploc4Nuclear protein localization protein 4 homolog; The ternary complex containing UFD1, VCP and NPLOC4 binds ubiquitinated proteins and is necessary for the export of misfolded proteins from the ER to the cytoplasm, where they are degraded by the proteasome. The NPLOC4-UFD1-VCP complex regulates spindle disassembly at the end of mitosis and is necessary for the formation of a closed nuclear envelope. Acts as a negative regulator of type I interferon production via the complex formed with VCP and UFD1, which binds to DDX58/RIG-I and recruits RNF125 to promote ubiquitination and degradation [...] (608 aa)
Cyp2c6v1Cytochrome P450 2C6; Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. (490 aa)
Cyp2c24Cytochrome P450 2C55; Metabolizes arachidonic acid mainly to 19- hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE). (490 aa)
Cyp2c22Cytochrome P450 2C70; A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in muricholic acid (MCA) synthesis. Hydroxylates at the 6-beta position two major bile acids, chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) to form alpha-MCA and beta-MCA, respectively. May regulate NR1H4/farnesoid X receptor signaling, as taurine-conjugated MCAs are antagonists of NR1H4. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotei [...] (489 aa)
Zfyve27Protrudin; Key regulator of RAB11-dependent vesicular trafficking during neurite extension through polarized membrane transport. Promotes axonal elongation and contributes to the establishment of neuronal cell polarity. Involved in nerve growth factor-induced neurite formation in VAPA-dependent manner. Contributes to both the formation and stabilization of the tubular ER network. Involved in ER morphogenesis by regulating the sheet-to-tubule balance and possibly the density of tubule interconnections. Acts as an adapter protein that facilitates the interaction of KIF5A with VAPA, VAPB, [...] (411 aa)
Map3k5Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5. (1379 aa)
Abcb9ATP-binding cassette sub-family B member 9; ATP-dependent low-affinity peptide transporter which translocates a broad spectrum of peptides from the cytosol to the lysosomal lumen. Displays a broad peptide length specificity from 6-mer up to at least 59-mer peptides with an optimum of 23-mers. Favors positively charged, aromatic or hydrophobic residues in the N- and C- terminal positions whereas negatively charged residues as well as asparagine and methionine are not favored (By similarity). Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCB family. MHC peptide exporter (TC 3.A.1.209) sub [...] (762 aa)
Hsd11b1Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 1. (1104 aa)
StsSteryl-sulfatase; Catalyzes the conversion of sulfated steroid precursors, such as dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) and estrone sulfate to the free steroid. (577 aa)
Parp16Protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP16; Intracellular mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase that may play a role in different processes through the mono-ADP-ribosylation of proteins involved in those processes. May play a role in the unfolded protein response (UPR), by ADP-ribosylating and activating EIF2AK3 and ERN1, two important UPR effectors. May also mediate mono-ADP- ribosylation of karyopherin KPNB1 a nuclear import factor. May not modify proteins on arginine or cysteine residues compared to other mono-ADP-ribosyltransferases. (446 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Rattus norvegicus
NCBI taxonomy Id: 10116
Other names: Buffalo rat, Norway rat, R. norvegicus, Rattus PC12 clone IS, Rattus sp. strain Wistar, Sprague-Dawley rat, Wistar rats, brown rat, laboratory rat, rat, rats, zitter rats
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