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Esr1 Esr1 Creb3l1 Creb3l1 Ezh2 Ezh2 Eif2ak3 Eif2ak3 Ptprz1 Ptprz1 Lif Lif Nr4a1 Nr4a1 Gcm1 Gcm1 Col5a1 Col5a1 Eif2s1 Eif2s1 Xbp1 Xbp1 Pcsk1 Pcsk1 Ptn Ptn Col1a2 Col1a2 Ifitm5 Ifitm5 Kpna2 Kpna2 Tm4sf20 Tm4sf20 Cdh2 Cdh2 Fgf2 Fgf2 Mmp9 Mmp9 Hspa5 Hspa5 Bcan Bcan Slc5a5 Slc5a5 Oxt Oxt Bmp2 Bmp2 Pax5 Pax5 Gfap Gfap Atf6 Atf6 Fus Fus Hsp90b1 Hsp90b1 Hif1a Hif1a Creb3l3 Creb3l3 Fbxw7 Fbxw7 LOC100912481 LOC100912481 Runx2 Runx2 Atf4 Atf4 Rab1b Rab1b Spns2 Spns2 Bst2 Bst2 Ewsr1 Ewsr1 Il1a Il1a Mbtps1 Mbtps1 Creb3 Creb3 Smad4 Smad4 Gcg Gcg Phospho1 Phospho1 Col1a1 Col1a1 Fgfbp1 Fgfbp1 Glp1r Glp1r
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Esr1Estrogen receptor; Nuclear hormone receptor. The steroid hormones and their receptors are involved in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Ligand-dependent nuclear transactivation involves either direct homodimer binding to a palindromic estrogen response element (ERE) sequence or association with other DNA-binding transcription factors, such as AP-1/c-Jun, c-Fos, ATF-2, Sp1 and Sp3, to mediate ERE- independent signaling. Ligand binding induces a conformational change allowing subsequent or combinatorial a [...] (600 aa)
Creb3l1Processed cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 1; Transcription factor involved in unfolded protein response (UPR). Binds the DNA consensus sequence 5'-GTGXGCXGC-3' (By similarity). In the absence of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, inserted into ER membranes, with N-terminal DNA-binding and transcription activation domains oriented toward the cytosolic face of the membrane. In response to ER stress, transported to the Golgi, where it is cleaved in a site-specific manner by resident proteases S1P/MBTPS1 and S2P/MBTPS2. The released N-terminal cytosolic domain [...] (520 aa)
Ezh2Similar to Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (ENX-1), isoform CRA_b. (746 aa)
Eif2ak3Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3; Metabolic-stress sensing protein kinase that phosphorylates the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF-2- alpha/EIF2S1) on 'Ser-52' during the unfolded protein response (UPR) and in response to low amino acid availability. Converts phosphorylated eIF-2-alpha/EIF2S1 either in a global protein synthesis inhibitor, leading to a reduced overall utilization of amino acids, or to a translation initiation activator of specific mRNAs, such as the transcriptional activator ATF4, and hence allowing ATF4-mediated [...] (1108 aa)
Ptprz1Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase zeta; Protein tyrosine phosphatase that negatively regulates oligodendrocyte precursor proliferation in the embryonic spinal cord. Required for normal differentiation of the precursor cells into mature, fully myelinating oligodendrocytes. May play a role in protecting oligondendrocytes against apoptosis. May play a role in the establishment of contextual memory, probably via the dephosphorylation of proteins that are part of important signaling cascades (By similarity). (2316 aa)
LifLeukemia inhibitory factor; LIF has the capacity to induce terminal differentiation in leukemic cells. Its activities include the induction of hematopoietic differentiation in normal and myeloid leukemia cells, the induction of neuronal cell differentiation, and the stimulation of acute-phase protein synthesis in hepatocytes; Belongs to the LIF/OSM family. (202 aa)
Nr4a1Nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1; Orphan nuclear receptor. May act concomitantly with NURR1 in regulating the expression of delayed-early genes during liver regeneration. Binds the NGFI-B response element (NBRE) 5'-AAAAGGTCA-3'. May inhibit NF-kappa-B transactivation of IL2. Participates in energy homeostasis by sequestrating the kinase STK11 in the nucleus, thereby attenuating cytoplasmic AMPK activation (By similarity). Plays a role in the vascular response to injury (By similarity). (597 aa)
Gcm1Chorion-specific transcription factor GCMa; Transcription factor involved in the control of expression of placental growth factor (PGF) and other placenta-specific genes. Binds to the trophoblast-specific element 2 (TSE2) of the aromatase gene enhancer. Binds to the SYDE1 promoter. Has a central role in mediating the differentiation of trophoblast cells along both the villous and extravillous pathways in placental development. (436 aa)
Col5a1Collagen alpha-1(V) chain; Type V collagen is a member of group I collagen (fibrillar forming collagen). It is a minor connective tissue component of nearly ubiquitous distribution. Type V collagen binds to DNA, heparan sulfate, thrombospondin, heparin, and insulin (By similarity). (1840 aa)
Eif2s1Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1; Functions in the early steps of protein synthesis by forming a ternary complex with GTP and initiator tRNA. This complex binds to a 40S ribosomal subunit, followed by mRNA binding to form a 43S pre- initiation complex. Junction of the 60S ribosomal subunit to form the 80S initiation complex is preceded by hydrolysis of the GTP bound to eIF-2 and release of an eIF-2-GDP binary complex. In order for eIF-2 to recycle and catalyze another round of initiation, the GDP bound to eIF- 2 must exchange with GTP by way of a reaction catalyzed [...] (315 aa)
Xbp1X-box-binding protein 1, cytoplasmic form; Functions as a transcription factor during endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by regulating the unfolded protein response (UPR). Required for cardiac myogenesis and hepatogenesis during embryonic development, and the development of secretory tissues such as exocrine pancreas and salivary gland. Involved in terminal differentiation of B lymphocytes to plasma cells and production of immunoglobulins. Modulates the cellular response to ER stress in a PIK3R-dependent manner. Binds to the cis-acting X box present in the promoter regions of major hist [...] (371 aa)
Pcsk1Neuroendocrine convertase 1; Involved in the processing of hormone and other protein precursors at sites comprised of pairs of basic amino acid residues. Substrates include POMC, renin, enkephalin, dynorphin, somatostatin, insulin and AGRP; Belongs to the peptidase S8 family. Furin subfamily. (752 aa)
PtnPleiotrophin; Secreted growth factor that mediates its signal through cell- surface proteoglycan and non-proteoglycan receptors. Binds cell-surface proteoglycan receptor via their chondroitin sulfate (CS) groups (By similarity). Thereby regulates many processes like cell proliferation, cell survival, cell growth, cell differentiation and cell migration in several tissues namely neuron and bone. Also plays a role in synaptic plasticity and learning- related behavior by inhibiting long-term synaptic potentiation (By similarity). Binds PTPRZ1, leading to neutralization of the negative cha [...] (168 aa)
Col1a2Collagen alpha-2(I) chain; Type I collagen is a member of group I collagen (fibrillar forming collagen); Belongs to the fibrillar collagen family. (1372 aa)
Ifitm5Interferon-induced transmembrane protein 5. (134 aa)
Kpna2Importin subunit alpha; Functions in nuclear protein import. (529 aa)
Tm4sf20Transmembrane 4 L six family member 20. (226 aa)
Cdh2Cadherin-2; Calcium-dependent cell adhesion protein; preferentially mediates homotypic cell-cell adhesion by dimerization with a CDH2 chain from another cell. Cadherins may thus contribute to the sorting of heterogeneous cell types. Acts as a regulator of neural stem cells quiescence by mediating anchorage of neural stem cells to ependymocytes in the adult subependymal zone: upon cleavage by MMP24, CDH2-mediated anchorage is affected, leading to modulate neural stem cell quiescence. CDH2 may be involved in neuronal recognition mechanism. In hippocampal neurons, may regulate dendritic s [...] (906 aa)
Fgf2Fibroblast growth factor 2; Acts as a ligand for FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4. Also acts as an integrin ligand which is required for FGF2 signaling. Binds to integrin ITGAV:ITGB3. Plays an important role in the regulation of cell survival, cell division, cell differentiation and cell migration. Functions as a potent mitogen in vitro. Can induce angiogenesis. (154 aa)
Mmp9Matrix metalloproteinase-9; Could play a role in bone osteoclastic resorption. Cleaves type IV and type V collagen into large C-terminal three quarter fragments and shorter N-terminal one quarter fragments (By similarity). Belongs to the peptidase M10A family. (708 aa)
Hspa5Endoplasmic reticulum chaperone BiP; Endoplasmic reticulum chaperone that plays a key role in protein folding and quality control in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen (By similarity). Involved in the correct folding of proteins and degradation of misfolded proteins via its interaction with DNAJC10/ERdj5, probably to facilitate the release of DNAJC10/ERdj5 from its substrate (By similarity). Acts as a key repressor of the ERN1/IRE1-mediated unfolded protein response (UPR). In the unstressed endoplasmic reticulum, recruited by DNAJB9/ERdj4 to the luminal region of ERN1/IRE1, leading to dis [...] (654 aa)
BcanBrevican core protein; May play a role in the terminally differentiating and the adult nervous system during postnatal development. Could stabilize interactions between hyaluronan (HA) and brain proteoglycans. Isoform 2 may function as a chondroitin sulfate-bearing cell surface receptor. (883 aa)
Slc5a5Sodium/iodide cotransporter; Mediates iodide uptake in the thyroid gland; Belongs to the sodium:solute symporter (SSF) (TC 2.A.21) family. (618 aa)
OxtOxytocin-neurophysin 1; Neurophysin 1 specifically binds oxytocin. (125 aa)
Bmp2Bone morphogenetic protein 2; Induces cartilage and bone formation. Stimulates the differentiation of myoblasts into osteoblasts via the EIF2AK3-EIF2A- ATF4 pathway. BMP2 activation of EIF2AK3 stimulates phosphorylation of EIF2A which leads to increased expression of ATF4 which plays a central role in osteoblast differentiation. In addition stimulates TMEM119, which upregulates the expression of ATF4. Belongs to the TGF-beta family. (394 aa)
Pax5Paired box 5. (391 aa)
GfapGlial fibrillary acidic protein; GFAP, a class-III intermediate filament, is a cell-specific marker that, during the development of the central nervous system, distinguishes astrocytes from other glial cells. (430 aa)
Atf6Processed cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 alpha; Transmembrane glycoprotein of the endoplasmic reticulum that functions as a transcription activator and initiates the unfolded protein response (UPR) during endoplasmic reticulum stress. Cleaved upon ER stress, the N-terminal processed cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 alpha translocates to the nucleus where it activates transcription of genes involved in the UPR. Binds DNA on the 5'-CCAC[GA]-3'half of the ER stress response element (ERSE) (5'-CCAAT- N(9)-CCAC[GA]-3') and of ERSE II (5'-ATTGG-N-CCACG-3'). Bi [...] (656 aa)
FusFusion, derived from t(1216) malignant liposarcoma (Human). (518 aa)
Hsp90b1Endoplasmin; Molecular chaperone that functions in the processing and transport of secreted proteins. When associated with CNPY3, required for proper folding of Toll-like receptors. Functions in endoplasmic reticulum associated degradation (ERAD). Has ATPase activity. (804 aa)
Hif1aHypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha; Functions as a master transcriptional regulator of the adaptive response to hypoxia. Under hypoxic conditions, activates the transcription of over 40 genes, including erythropoietin, glucose transporters, glycolytic enzymes, vascular endothelial growth factor, HILPDA, and other genes whose protein products increase oxygen delivery or facilitate metabolic adaptation to hypoxia. Plays an essential role in embryonic vascularization, tumor angiogenesis and pathophysiology of ischemic disease. Heterodimerizes with ARNT; heterodimer binds to core DNA sequenc [...] (825 aa)
Creb3l3Processed cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 3; Transcription factor that may act during endoplasmic reticulum stress by activating unfolded protein response target genes. Activated in response to cAMP stimulation. Binds the cAMP response element (CRE). Activates transcription through box-B element and CRE. Seems to function synergistically with ATF6. In acute inflammatory response, may activate expression of acute phase response (APR) genes (By similarity). May be involved in growth suppression; Belongs to the bZIP family. ATF subfamily. (470 aa)
Fbxw7F-box/WD repeat-containing protein 7; Substrate recognition component of a SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Recognizes and binds phosphorylated sites/phosphodegrons within target proteins and thereafter bring them to the SCF complex for ubiquitination (By similarity). Identified substrates include cyclin-E (CCNE1 or CCNE2), JUN, MYC, NOTCH1 released notch intracellular domain (NICD), NOTCH2, MCL1 and probably PSEN1 (By similarity). Acts as a nega [...] (713 aa)
LOC100912481EWS RNA-binding protein 1. (661 aa)
Runx2Runt-related transcription factor 2; Transcription factor involved in osteoblastic differentiation and skeletal morphogenesis. Essential for the maturation of osteoblasts and both intramembranous and endochondral ossification. CBF binds to the core site, 5'-PYGPYGGT-3', of a number of enhancers and promoters, including murine leukemia virus, polyomavirus enhancer, T-cell receptor enhancers, osteocalcin, osteopontin, bone sialoprotein, alpha 1(I) collagen, LCK, IL-3 and GM-CSF promoters. Inhibits KAT6B-dependent transcriptional activation. In osteoblasts, supports transcription activati [...] (529 aa)
Atf4Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4; Transcriptional activator. Binds the cAMP response element (CRE) (consensus: 5'-GTGACGT[AC][AG]-3'), a sequence present in many viral and cellular promoters. Cooperates with FOXO1 in osteoblasts to regulate glucose homeostasis through suppression of beta-cell production and decrease in insulin production (By similarity). Regulates the induction of DDIT3/CHOP and asparagine synthetase (ASNS) in response to ER stress. In concert with DDIT3/CHOP, activates the transcription of TRIB3 and promotes ER stress-induced neuronal apoptosis by regul [...] (347 aa)
Rab1bRas-related protein Rab-1B; The small GTPases Rab are key regulators of intracellular membrane trafficking, from the formation of transport vesicles to their fusion with membranes. Rabs cycle between an inactive GDP-bound form and an active GTP-bound form that is able to recruit to membranes different set of downstream effectors directly responsible for vesicle formation, movement, tethering and fusion (By similarity). Plays a role in the initial events of the autophagic vacuole development which take place at specialized regions of the endoplasmic reticulum (By similarity). Regulates [...] (201 aa)
Spns2Sphingolipid transporter 2. (750 aa)
Bst2Bone marrow stromal antigen 2; IFN-induced antiviral host restriction factor which efficiently blocks the release of diverse mammalian enveloped viruses by directly tethering nascent virions to the membranes of infected cells. Acts as a direct physical tether, holding virions to the cell membrane and linking virions to each other. The tethered virions can be internalized by endocytosis and subsequently degraded or they can remain on the cell surface. In either case, their spread as cell-free virions is restricted. Its target viruses belong to diverse families, including retroviridae: h [...] (172 aa)
Ewsr1EWS RNA-binding protein 1. (661 aa)
Il1aInterleukin-1 alpha; Produced by activated macrophages, IL-1 stimulates thymocyte proliferation by inducing IL-2 release, B-cell maturation and proliferation, and fibroblast growth factor activity. IL-1 proteins are involved in the inflammatory response, being identified as endogenous pyrogens, and are reported to stimulate the release of prostaglandin and collagenase from synovial cells. (268 aa)
Mbtps1Membrane-bound transcription factor site-1 protease; Serine protease that catalyzes the first step in the proteolytic activation of the sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs). Other known substrates are BDNF, GNPTAB and ATF6. Cleaves after hydrophobic or small residues, provided that Arg or Lys is in position P4. Cleaves known substrates after Arg-Ser-Val-Leu (SERBP-2), Arg-His-Leu-Leu (ATF6), Arg-Gly-Leu-Thr (BDNF) and its own propeptide after Arg-Arg-Leu-Leu. Mediates the protein cleavage of GNPTAB into subunit alpha and beta, thereby participating in biogenesis of lysos [...] (1052 aa)
Creb3cAMP responsive element binding protein 3, isoform CRA_a. (387 aa)
Smad4Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4; Common SMAD (co-SMAD) is the coactivator and mediator of signal transduction by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor). Component of the heterotrimeric SMAD2/SMAD3-SMAD4 complex that forms in the nucleus and is required for the TGF-mediated signaling. Promotes binding of the SMAD2/SMAD4/FAST-1 complex to DNA and provides an activation function required for SMAD1 or SMAD2 to stimulate transcription. Component of the multimeric SMAD3/SMAD4/JUN/FOS complex which forms at the AP1 promoter site; required for synergistic transcriptional activity in r [...] (550 aa)
GcgGlicentin-related polypeptide; Glucagon plays a key role in glucose metabolism and homeostasis. Regulates blood glucose by increasing gluconeogenesis and decreasing glycolysis. A counterregulatory hormone of insulin, raises plasma glucose levels in response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia. Plays an important role in initiating and maintaining hyperglycemic conditions in diabetes. GLP-2 stimulates intestinal growth and up-regulates villus height in the small intestine, concomitant with increased crypt cell proliferation and decreased enterocyte apoptosis. The gastrointestinal tract, fro [...] (180 aa)
Phospho1Phosphoethanolamine/phosphocholine phosphatase 1. (289 aa)
Col1a1Collagen alpha-1(I) chain; Type I collagen is a member of group I collagen (fibrillar forming collagen); Belongs to the fibrillar collagen family. (1453 aa)
Fgfbp1Fibroblast growth factor-binding protein 1; Acts as a carrier protein that release fibroblast-binding factors (FGFs) from the extracellular matrix (EM) storage and thus enhance the mitogenic activity of FGFs. Enhances FGF2 signaling during tissue repair, angiogenesis and in tumor growth (By similarity). (238 aa)
Glp1rGlucagon-like peptide 1 receptor; G-protein coupled receptor for glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP- 1). Ligand binding triggers activation of a signaling cascade that leads to the activation of adenylyl cyclase and increased intracellular cAMP levels. Plays a role in regulating insulin secretion in response to GLP-1 (By similarity). (463 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Rattus norvegicus
NCBI taxonomy Id: 10116
Other names: Buffalo rat, Norway rat, R. norvegicus, Rattus PC12 clone IS, Rattus sp. strain Wistar, Sprague-Dawley rat, Wistar rats, brown rat, laboratory rat, rat, rats, zitter rats
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