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| | Pik3r3 | Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma; Binds to activated (phosphorylated) protein-tyrosine kinases through its SH2 domain and regulates their kinase activity. During insulin stimulation, it also binds to IRS-1. (461 aa) |
| | Tap2 | Antigen peptide transporter 2; Involved in the transport of antigens from the cytoplasm to the endoplasmic reticulum for association with MHC class I molecules. Also acts as a molecular scaffold for the final stage of MHC class I folding, namely the binding of peptide. Nascent MHC class I molecules associate with TAP via tapasin (By similarity). (703 aa) |
| | Tap1 | Antigen peptide transporter 1; Involved in the transport of antigens from the cytoplasm to the endoplasmic reticulum for association with MHC class I molecules. Also acts as a molecular scaffold for the final stage of MHC class I folding, namely the binding of peptide. Nascent MHC class I molecules associate with TAP via tapasin (By similarity). (725 aa) |
| | Bak1 | BCL2-antagonist/killer 1, isoform CRA_b. (209 aa) |
| | Mapk14 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase 14; Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. MAPK14 is one of the four p38 MAPKs which play an important role in the cascades of cellular responses evoked by extracellular stimuli such as proinflammatory cytokines or physical stress leading to direct activation of transcription factors. Accordingly, p38 MAPKs phosphorylate a broad range of proteins and it has been estimated that they may have approximately 200 to 300 substrates each. Some of the targets are downstream kinases which are a [...] (360 aa) |
| | Mapk13 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase 13; Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. MAPK13 is one of the four p38 MAPKs which play an important role in the cascades of cellular responses evoked by extracellular stimuli such as proinflammatory cytokines or physical stress leading to direct activation of transcription factors such as ELK1 and ATF2. Accordingly, p38 MAPKs phosphorylate a broad range of proteins and it has been estimated that they may have approximately 200 to 300 substrates each. MAPK13 is one of the less studie [...] (366 aa) |
| | RT1-M3-1 | RT1 class Ib, locus M3, isoform CRA_a; Belongs to the MHC class I family. (339 aa) |
| | RT1-N3 | RT1 class Ib gene, H2-TL-like, grc region (N3); Belongs to the MHC class I family. (393 aa) |
| | RT1-S3 | RT1 class Ib, locus S3; Belongs to the MHC class I family. (365 aa) |
| | LOC103694380 | Tumor necrosis factor, membrane form; Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation (By similarity). Induces insulin resistance in adipocytes via inhibition of insulin-induced IRS1 tyrosine phosphorylation and insulin-induced glucose uptake. Induces [...] (235 aa) |
| | Rac1 | Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1; Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound states. In its active state, binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses such as secretory processes, phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, epithelial cell polarization, neurons adhesion, migration and differentiation, and growth-factor induced formation of membrane ruffles. Rac1 p21/rho GDI heterodimer is the active component of the cytosolic factor sigma 1, which is involved in stimulation of the NADPH oxidase activity [...] (192 aa) |
| | Gnb2 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction. (340 aa) |
| | Ap1s1 | AP complex subunit sigma; Belongs to the adaptor complexes small subunit family. (158 aa) |
| | Mapk1 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1; Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. MAPK1/ERK2 and MAPK3/ERK1 are the 2 MAPKs which play an important role in the MAPK/ERK cascade. They participate also in a signaling cascade initiated by activated KIT and KITLG/SCF. Depending on the cellular context, the MAPK/ERK cascade mediates diverse biological functions such as cell growth, adhesion, survival and differentiation through the regulation of transcription, translation, cytoskeletal rearrangements. The MAPK/ERK cascade plays a [...] (358 aa) |
| | Crkl | Crk-like protein; May mediate the transduction of intracellular signals. Belongs to the CRK family. (303 aa) |
| | Bcl2 | Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2; Suppresses apoptosis in a variety of cell systems including factor-dependent lymphohematopoietic and neural cells. Regulates cell death by controlling the mitochondrial membrane permeability. Appears to function in a feedback loop system with caspases. Inhibits caspase activity either by preventing the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria and/or by binding to the apoptosis-activating factor (APAF-1). May attenuate inflammation by impairing NLRP1-inflammasome activation, hence CASP1 activation and IL1B release (By similarity). Belongs to the Bcl-2 family. (236 aa) |
| | Ccnb3 | Cyclin B3; Belongs to the cyclin family. (1404 aa) |
| | Faslg | Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6, membrane form; Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF6/FAS, a receptor that transduces the apoptotic signal into cells. Involved in cytotoxic T-cell-mediated apoptosis, natural killer cell-mediated apoptosis and in T-cell development. Initiates fratricidal/suicidal activation-induced cell death (AICD) in antigen- activated T-cells contributing to the termination of immune responses (By similarity). TNFRSF6/FAS-mediated apoptosis has also a role in the induction of peripheral tolerance (By similarity). Binds to TNFRSF6B/DcR3, a decoy receptor th [...] (278 aa) |
| | Mapk9 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase 9; Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in various processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, transformation and programmed cell death. Extracellular stimuli such as proinflammatory cytokines or physical stress stimulate the stress- activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAP/JNK) signaling pathway. In this cascade, two dual specificity kinases MAP2K4/MKK4 and MAP2K7/MKK7 phosphorylate and activate MAPK9/JNK2. In turn, MAPK9/JNK2 phosphorylates a number of transcription factors, primarily components of AP-1 such as J [...] (423 aa) |
| | Calr | Calreticulin; Calcium-binding chaperone that promotes folding, oligomeric assembly and quality control in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) via the calreticulin/calnexin cycle. This lectin interacts transiently with almost all of the monoglucosylated glycoproteins that are synthesized in the ER. Interacts with the DNA-binding domain of NR3C1 and mediates its nuclear export. Involved in maternal gene expression regulation. May participate in oocyte maturation via the regulation of calcium homeostasis. (416 aa) |
| | Cxcr4 | C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4; Receptor for the C-X-C chemokine CXCL12/SDF-1 that transduces a signal by increasing intracellular calcium ion levels and enhancing MAPK1/MAPK3 activation. Involved in the AKT signaling cascade (By similarity). Plays a role in regulation of cell migration, e.g. during wound healing. Acts as a receptor for extracellular ubiquitin; leading to enhanced intracellular calcium ions and reduced cellular cAMP levels. Binds bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) et mediates LPS- induced inflammatory response, including TNF secretion by monocytes (By similarity). Inv [...] (349 aa) |
| | Rps6kb1 | Ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1; Serine/threonine-protein kinase that acts downstream of mTOR signaling in response to growth factors and nutrients to promote cell proliferation, cell growth and cell cycle progression. Regulates protein synthesis through phosphorylation of EIF4B, RPS6 and EEF2K, and contributes to cell survival by repressing the pro-apoptotic function of BAD. Under conditions of nutrient depletion, the inactive form associates with the EIF3 translation initiation complex. Upon mitogenic stimulation, phosphorylation by the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTO [...] (525 aa) |
| | Traf6 | TNF receptor-associated factor 6; E3 ubiquitin ligase that, together with UBE2N and UBE2V1, mediates the synthesis of 'Lys-63'-linked-polyubiquitin chains conjugated to proteins, such as IKBKG, IRAK1, AKT1 and AKT2. Also mediates ubiquitination of free/unanchored polyubiquitin chain that leads to MAP3K7 activation. Mediates activation of NF-kappa-B and JUN. May be essential for the formation of functional osteoclasts. Seems to also play a role in dendritic cells (DCs) maturation and/or activation. Represses c-Myb-mediated transactivation, in B-lymphocytes. Adapter protein that seems to [...] (530 aa) |
| | Map2k6 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6, isoform CRA_a; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. (334 aa) |
| | Crk | Adapter molecule crk; [Isoform Crk-II]: Regulates cell adhesion, spreading and migration. Mediates attachment-induced MAPK8 activation, membrane ruffling and cell motility in a Rac-dependent manner. Involved in phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and cell motility via its interaction with DOCK1 and DOCK4. May regulate the EFNA5-EPHA3 signaling. (304 aa) |
| | Pak3 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 3; Serine/threonine protein kinase that plays a role in a variety of different signaling pathways including cytoskeleton regulation, cell migration, or cell cycle regulation. Plays a role in dendrite spine morphogenesis as well as synapse formation and plasticity. Acts as downstream effector of the small GTPases CDC42 and RAC1. Activation by the binding of active CDC42 and RAC1 results in a conformational change and a subsequent autophosphorylation on several serine and/or threonine residues. Phosphorylates MAPK4 and MAPK6 and activates the downstrea [...] (544 aa) |
| | Ppp3r2 | Calcineurin subunit B type 2; Regulatory subunit of calcineurin, a calcium-dependent, calmodulin stimulated protein phosphatase. Confers calcium sensitivity. (176 aa) |
| | Gna11 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-11; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. (359 aa) |
| | Cul1 | Cullin 1 (Predicted), isoform CRA_a; Belongs to the cullin family. (776 aa) |
| | Map3k7 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7; Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. Plays an important role in the cascades of cellular responses evoked by changes in the environment. Mediates signal transduction of TRAF6, various cytokines including interleukin-1 (IL-1), transforming growth factor-beta (TGFB), TGFB-related factors like BMP2 and BMP4, toll-like receptors (TLR), tumor necrosis factor receptor CD40 and B-cell receptor (BCR). Ceramides are also able to activate MAP3K7/TAK1. Once activated, acts as a [...] (606 aa) |
| | Irak4 | Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4. (461 aa) |
| | Gngt2 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit gamma; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction. (69 aa) |
| | Ifnb1 | Interferon beta; Has antiviral, antibacterial and anticancer activities; Belongs to the alpha/beta interferon family. (184 aa) |
| | Traf2 | TNF receptor-associated factor. (497 aa) |
| | Map2k3 | Mitogen activated protein kinase kinase 3, isoform CRA_b; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. (347 aa) |
| | Samhd1 | SAM and HD domain-containing deoxynucleoside triphosphate triphosphohydrolase 1. (620 aa) |
| | Tbk1 | Similar to TANK-binding kinase 1. (729 aa) |
| | Mapk11 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase. (371 aa) |
| | Calml4 | RCG58306, isoform CRA_b. (153 aa) |
| | Nfkbia | NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha; Inhibits the activity of dimeric NF-kappa-B/REL complexes by trapping REL dimers in the cytoplasm through masking of their nuclear localization signals. On cellular stimulation by immune and proinflammatory responses, becomes phosphorylated promoting ubiquitination and degradation, enabling the dimeric RELA to translocate to the nucleus and activate transcription (By similarity). (314 aa) |
| | Rac2 | Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 (Rho family, small GTP binding protein Rac2). (192 aa) |
| | RGD1565653 | Ubiquitin-like domain-containing protein. (118 aa) |
| | Fos | Proto-oncogene c-Fos; Nuclear phosphoprotein which forms a tight but non-covalently linked complex with the JUN/AP-1 transcription factor. On TGF-beta activation, forms a multimeric SMAD3/SMAD4/JUN/FOS complex, at the AP1/SMAD-binding site to regulate TGF-beta-mediated signaling (By similarity). Has a critical function in regulating the development of cells destined to form and maintain the skeleton. It is thought to have an important role in signal transduction, cell proliferation and differentiation. In growing cells, activates phospholipid synthesis, possibly by activating CDS1 and [...] (380 aa) |
| | Cul5 | Cullin-5; Core component of multiple SCF-like ECS (Elongin BC-Cullin 2/5-SOCS-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes, which mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. As a scaffold protein may contribute to catalysis through positioning of the substrate and the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. The functional specificity of the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex depends on the variable substrate recognition component. ECS(SOCS1) seems to direct ubiquitination of JAK2. Seems to be involved in proteosomal degradation of p53/TP53 stimula [...] (855 aa) |
| | Jun | Transcription factor AP-1; Transcription factor that recognizes and binds to the enhancer heptamer motif 5'-TGA[CG]TCA-3'. Promotes activity of NR5A1 when phosphorylated by HIPK3 leading to increased steroidogenic gene expression upon cAMP signaling pathway stimulation. Involved in activated KRAS-mediated transcriptional activation of USP28. Binds to the USP28 promoter. (334 aa) |
| | Ppp3cc | Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase. (515 aa) |
| | Tlr2 | Toll-like receptor 2; Belongs to the Toll-like receptor family. (784 aa) |
| | Wee1 | Wee1-like protein kinase; Acts as a negative regulator of entry into mitosis (G2 to M transition) by protecting the nucleus from cytoplasmically activated cyclin B1-complexed CDK1 before the onset of mitosis by mediating phosphorylation of CDK1 on 'Tyr-15'. Specifically phosphorylates and inactivates cyclin B1-complexed CDK1 reaching a maximum during G2 phase and a minimum as cells enter M phase. Phosphorylation of cyclin B1-CDK1 occurs exclusively on 'Tyr-15' and phosphorylation of monomeric CDK1 does not occur. Its activity increases during S and G2 phases and decreases at M phase wh [...] (646 aa) |
| | Raf1 | RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase; Serine/threonine-protein kinase that acts as a regulatory link between the membrane-associated Ras GTPases and the MAPK/ERK cascade, and this critical regulatory link functions as a switch determining cell fate decisions including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, survival and oncogenic transformation. RAF1 activation initiates a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade that comprises a sequential phosphorylation of the dual-specific MAPK kinases (MAP2K1/MEK1 and MAP2K2/MEK2) and the extracellular signal- regulated kin [...] (648 aa) |
| | Map2k1 | Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1; Dual specificity protein kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. Binding of extracellular ligands such as growth factors, cytokines and hormones to their cell-surface receptors activates RAS and this initiates RAF1 activation. RAF1 then further activates the dual-specificity protein kinases MAP2K1/MEK1 and MAP2K2/MEK2. Both MAP2K1/MEK1 and MAP2K2/MEK2 function specifically in the MAPK/ERK cascade, and catalyze the concomitant phosphorylation of a threonine and a tyrosine resid [...] (368 aa) |
| | Tlr4 | Toll-like receptor 4; Cooperates with LY96 and CD14 to mediate the innate immune response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Acts via MYD88, TIRAP and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. Also involved in LPS-independent inflammatory responses triggered by free fatty acids, such as palmitate. In complex with TLR6, promotes sterile inflammation in monocytes/macrophages in response to oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) or amyloid-beta 42. In this context, the initial signal is provided by oxLDL- or amyloid-beta 42-binding to [...] (835 aa) |
| | Cycs | Cytochrome c, somatic; Electron carrier protein. The oxidized form of the cytochrome c heme group can accept an electron from the heme group of the cytochrome c1 subunit of cytochrome reductase. Cytochrome c then transfers this electron to the cytochrome oxidase complex, the final protein carrier in the mitochondrial electron-transport chain. (105 aa) |
| | Casp3 | Caspase-3 subunit p12; Involved in the activation cascade of caspases responsible for apoptosis execution. At the onset of apoptosis it proteolytically cleaves poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) at a '216-Asp-|-Gly-217' bond. Cleaves and activates sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) between the basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper domain and the membrane attachment domain. Cleaves and activates caspase-6, -7 and -9. Triggers cell adhesion in sympathetic neurons through RET cleavage (By similarity); Belongs to the peptidase C14A family. (277 aa) |
| | Mtor | Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR; Serine/threonine protein kinase which is a central regulator of cellular metabolism, growth and survival in response to hormones, growth factors, nutrients, energy and stress signals (By similarity). MTOR directly or indirectly regulates the phosphorylation of at least 800 proteins (By similarity). Functions as part of 2 structurally and functionally distinct signaling complexes mTORC1 and mTORC2 (mTOR complex 1 and 2) (By similarity). Activated mTORC1 up-regulates protein synthesis by phosphorylating key regulators of mRNA translation and ribosome [...] (2549 aa) |
| | Gngt1 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit gamma; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction. (74 aa) |
| | Rnf7 | Ring finger protein 7 (Predicted). (113 aa) |
| | Prkcb | Protein kinase C beta type; Calcium-activated, phospholipid- and diacylglycerol (DAG)- dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in various cellular processes such as regulation of the B-cell receptor (BCR) signalosome, oxidative stress-induced apoptosis, androgen receptor-dependent transcription regulation, insulin signaling and endothelial cells proliferation. Plays a key role in B-cell activation by regulating BCR- induced NF-kappa-B activation. Mediates the activation of the canonical NF-kappa-B pathway (NFKB1) by direct phosphorylation of CARD11/CARMA1 at 'Ser-559', 'Ser- [...] (672 aa) |
| | Casp8 | Caspase-8 subunit p10; Most upstream protease of the activation cascade of caspases responsible for the TNFRSF6/FAS mediated and TNFRSF1A induced cell death. Binding to the adapter molecule FADD recruits it to either receptor. The resulting aggregate called death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) performs CASP8 proteolytic activation. The active dimeric enzyme is then liberated from the DISC and free to activate downstream apoptotic proteases. Proteolytic fragments of the N-terminal propeptide (termed CAP3, CAP5 and CAP6) are likely retained in the DISC. Cleaves and activates CASP3, CA [...] (482 aa) |
| | Bid | BH3-interacting domain death agonist p11; Induces caspases and apoptosis. Counters the protective effect of Bcl-2. The major proteolytic product p15 BID allows the release of cytochrome c (By similarity). (196 aa) |
| | Casp9 | Caspase 9, isoform CRA_a; Belongs to the peptidase C14A family. (454 aa) |
| | Myd88 | Myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88; Adapter protein involved in the Toll-like receptor and IL-1 receptor signaling pathway in the innate immune response. Acts via IRAK1, IRAK2, IRF7 and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. Increases IL-8 transcription. Involved in IL-18-mediated signaling pathway. Activates IRF1 resulting in its rapid migration into the nucleus to mediate an efficient induction of IFN-beta, NOS2/INOS, and IL12A genes (By similarity). MyD88-mediated signaling in intestinal epithelial cells is cruc [...] (296 aa) |
| | Gnaq | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. (359 aa) |
| | Ap1m1 | AP-1 complex subunit mu-1; Subunit of clathrin-associated adaptor protein complex 1 that plays a role in protein sorting in the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and endosomes. The AP complexes mediate the recruitment of clathrin to membranes and the recognition of sorting signals within the cytosolic tails of transmembrane cargo molecules (By similarity). (423 aa) |
| | Tradd | TNFRSF1A-associated via death domain. (310 aa) |
| | Pdia3 | Protein disulfide-isomerase A3. (510 aa) |
| | Gng10 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit gamma; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction. (68 aa) |
| | Gng5 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction. (68 aa) |
| | Cd3g | T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 gamma chain; Part of the TCR-CD3 complex present on T-lymphocyte cell surface that plays an essential role in adaptive immune response. When antigen presenting cells (APCs) activate T-cell receptor (TCR), TCR- mediated signals are transmitted across the cell membrane by the CD3 chains CD3D, CD3E, CD3G and CD3Z. All CD3 chains contain immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) in their cytoplasmic domain. Upon TCR engagement, these motifs become phosphorylated by Src family protein tyrosine kinases LCK and FYN, resulting in the activation of [...] (182 aa) |
| | Cd3d | T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 delta chain; Part of the TCR-CD3 complex present on T-lymphocyte cell surface that plays an essential role in adaptive immune response. When antigen presenting cells (APCs) activate T-cell receptor (TCR), TCR- mediated signals are transmitted across the cell membrane by the CD3 chains CD3D, CD3E, CD3G and CD3Z. All CD3 chains contain immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) in their cytoplasmic domain. Upon TCR engagement, these motifs become phosphorylated by Src family protein tyrosine kinases LCK and FYN, resulting in the activation of [...] (173 aa) |
| | Tab2 | TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 2; Adapter linking MAP3K7/TAK1 and TRAF6. Promotes MAP3K7 activation in the IL1 signaling pathway. The binding of 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains to TAB2 promotes autophosphorylation of MAP3K7 at 'Thr-187'. Regulates the IL1-mediated translocation of NCOR1 out of the nucleus (By similarity). Involved in heart development (By similarity). (693 aa) |
| | Cd4 | T-cell surface glycoprotein CD4; Integral membrane glycoprotein that plays an essential role in the immune response and serves multiple functions in responses against both external and internal offenses. In T-cells, functions primarily as a coreceptor for MHC class II molecule:peptide complex. The antigens presented by class II peptides are derived from extracellular proteins while class I peptides are derived from cytosolic proteins. Interacts simultaneously with the T-cell receptor (TCR) and the MHC class II presented by antigen presenting cells (APCs). In turn, recruits the Src kina [...] (457 aa) |
| | Pik3cb | Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform; Phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) that phosphorylates PtdIns (Phosphatidylinositol), PtdIns4P (Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate) and PtdIns(4,5)P2 (Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate) to generate phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3). PIP3 plays a key role by recruiting PH domain-containing proteins to the membrane, including AKT1 and PDPK1, activating signaling cascades involved in cell growth, survival, proliferation, motility and morphology. Involved in the activation of AKT1 upon stimulation [...] (1070 aa) |
| | Hras | GTPase HRas, N-terminally processed; Ras proteins bind GDP/GTP and possess intrinsic GTPase activity. (189 aa) |
| | Btrc | Beta-transducin repeat-containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase. (587 aa) |
| | Tnfrsf1b | Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1B; Receptor with high affinity for TNFSF2/TNF-alpha and approximately 5-fold lower affinity for homotrimeric TNFSF1/lymphotoxin-alpha. The TRAF1/TRAF2 complex recruits the apoptotic suppressors BIRC2 and BIRC3 to TNFRSF1B/TNFR2 (By similarity). (474 aa) |
| | Gnai2 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. The G(i) proteins are involved in hormonal regulation of adenylate cyclase: they inhibit the cyclase in response to beta- adrenergic stimuli. May play a role in cell division. (355 aa) |
| | Calm3 | Calmodulin-1; Calmodulin mediates the control of a large number of enzymes, ion channels, aquaporins and other proteins through calcium-binding. Among the enzymes to be stimulated by the calmodulin-calcium complex are a number of protein kinases and phosphatases. Together with CCP110 and centrin, is involved in a genetic pathway that regulates the centrosome cycle and progression through cytokinesis. Mediates calcium- dependent inactivation of CACNA1C. Positively regulates calcium- activated potassium channel activity of KCNN2. (149 aa) |
| | B2m | Beta-2-microglobulin; Component of the class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Involved in the presentation of peptide antigens to the immune system. (119 aa) |
| | Trim5 | Similar to 9230105E10Rik protein. (511 aa) |
| | Ripk1 | Receptor (TNFRSF)-interacting serine-threonine kinase 1 (Predicted). (658 aa) |
| | Akt2 | RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase; AKT2 is one of 3 closely related serine/threonine-protein kinases (AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3) called the AKT kinases, and which regulate many processes including metabolism, proliferation, cell survival, growth and angiogenesis. This is mediated through serine and/or threonine phosphorylation of a range of downstream substrates. Over 100 substrate candidates have been reported so far, but for most of them, no isoform specificity has been reported. AKT is responsible of the regulation of glucose uptake by mediating insulin-induced translocation of the [...] (481 aa) |
| | Pik3r1 | Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha; Binds to activated (phosphorylated) protein-Tyr kinases, through its SH2 domain, and acts as an adapter, mediating the association of the p110 catalytic unit to the plasma membrane. Necessary for the insulin-stimulated increase in glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis in insulin-sensitive tissues. Plays an important role in signaling in response to FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, FGFR4, KITLG/SCF, KIT, PDGFRA and PDGFRB. Likewise, plays a role in ITGB2 signaling. Modulates the cellular response to ER stress by promoting nuclear translocation [...] (724 aa) |
| | Ikbkb | Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta; Serine kinase that plays an essential role in the NF-kappa-B signaling pathway which is activated by multiple stimuli such as inflammatory cytokines, bacterial or viral products, DNA damages or other cellular stresses. Acts as part of the canonical IKK complex in the conventional pathway of NF-kappa-B activation and phosphorylates inhibitors of NF-kappa-B on 2 critical serine residues. These modifications allow polyubiquitination of the inhibitors and subsequent degradation by the proteasome. In turn, free NF-kappa-B is transloca [...] (757 aa) |
| | Fas | Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6; Receptor for TNFSF6/FASLG. The adapter molecule FADD recruits caspase-8 to the activated receptor. The resulting death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) performs caspase-8 proteolytic activation which initiates the subsequent cascade of caspases (aspartate-specific cysteine proteases) mediating apoptosis. FAS-mediated apoptosis may have a role in the induction of peripheral tolerance, in the antigen- stimulated suicide of mature T-cells, or both (By similarity). (324 aa) |
| | Limk2 | LIM domain kinase 2; Serine/threonine-protein kinase that plays an essential role in the regulation of actin filament dynamics. Acts downstream of several Rho family GTPase signal transduction pathways. Involved in astral microtubule organization and mitotic spindle orientation during early stage of mitosis by mediating phosphorylation of TPPP. Displays serine/threonine-specific phosphorylation of myelin basic protein and histone (MBP) in vitro. (638 aa) |
| | Pik3r2 | Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta; Regulatory subunit of phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K), a kinase that phosphorylates PtdIns(4,5)P2 (Phosphatidylinositol 4,5- bisphosphate) to generate phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3). PIP3 plays a key role by recruiting PH domain-containing proteins to the membrane, including AKT1 and PDPK1, activating signaling cascades involved in cell growth, survival, proliferation, motility and morphology. Binds to activated (phosphorylated) protein- tyrosine kinases, through its SH2 domain, and acts as an adapter, mediating t [...] (722 aa) |
| | Gnao1 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(o) subunit alpha; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. The G(o) protein function is not clear. Stimulated by RGS14 (By similarity); Belongs to the G-alpha family. G(i/o/t/z) subfamily. (354 aa) |
| | Gng3 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit gamma; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction. (75 aa) |
| | Cul4a | RGD1563853 protein; Belongs to the cullin family. (759 aa) |
| | Gnai3 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha; Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) function as transducers downstream of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in numerous signaling cascades. The alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site and alternates between an active, GTP-bound state and an inactive, GDP-bound state. Signaling by an activated GPCR promotes GDP release and GTP binding. The alpha subunit has a low GTPase activity that converts bound GTP to GDP, thereby terminating the signal. Both GDP release and GTP hydrolysis are modul [...] (354 aa) |
| | Gng7 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction. Plays a role in the regulation of adenylyl cyclase signaling in certain regions of the brain. Plays a role in the formation or stabilzation of a G protein heterotrimer (G(olf) subunit alpha-beta-gamma-7) that is required for adenylyl cyclase activity in t [...] (69 aa) |
| | Map2k2 | Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2; Catalyzes the concomitant phosphorylation of a threonine and a tyrosine residue in a Thr-Glu-Tyr sequence located in MAP kinases. Activates the ERK1 and ERK2 MAP kinases (By similarity). Activates BRAF in a KSR1 or KSR2-dependent manner; by binding to KSR1 or KSR2 releases the inhibitory intramolecular interaction between KSR1 or KSR2 protein kinase and N-terminal domains which promotes KSR1 or KSR2-BRAF dimerization and BRAF activation (By similarity). (400 aa) |
| | Irf3 | Interferon regulatory factor 3, isoform CRA_c. (421 aa) |
| | Nfatc4 | Nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 4; Ca(2+)-regulated transcription factor that is involved in several processes, including the development and function of the immune, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and nervous systems. Involved in T-cell activation, stimulating the transcription of cytokine genes, including that of IL2 and IL4. Along with NFATC3, involved in embryonic heart development. Involved in mitochondrial energy metabolism required for cardiac morphogenesis and function. Transactivates many genes involved in heart physiology. Along with GATA4, binds to and acti [...] (901 aa) |
| | Ddb1 | DNA damage-binding protein 1; Required for DNA repair. Binds to DDB2 to form the UV-damaged DNA-binding protein complex (the UV-DDB complex). The UV-DDB complex may recognize UV-induced DNA damage and recruit proteins of the nucleotide excision repair pathway (the NER pathway) to initiate DNA repair. The UV-DDB complex preferentially binds to cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD), 6-4 photoproducts (6-4 PP), apurinic sites and short mismatches. Also appears to function as a component of numerous distinct DCX (DDB1-CUL4-X-box) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes which mediate the ubiqui [...] (1140 aa) |
| | Bax | Apoptosis regulator BAX; Accelerates programmed cell death by binding to, and antagonizing the apoptosis repressor BCL2 or its adenovirus homolog E1B 19k protein. Under stress conditions, undergoes a conformation change that causes translocation to the mitochondrion membrane, leading to the release of cytochrome c that then triggers apoptosis. Promotes activation of CASP3, and thereby apoptosis. (192 aa) |
| | Bad | Bcl2-associated agonist of cell death; Promotes cell death. Successfully competes for the binding to Bcl-X(L), Bcl-2 and Bcl-W, thereby affecting the level of heterodimerization of these proteins with BAX. Can reverse the death repressor activity of Bcl-X(L), but not that of Bcl-2 (By similarity). Appears to act as a link between growth factor receptor signaling and the apoptotic pathways. (205 aa) |
| | Nfkb1 | Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit; NF-kappa-B is a pleiotropic transcription factor present in almost all cell types and is the endpoint of a series of signal transduction events that are initiated by a vast array of stimuli related to many biological processes such as inflammation, immunity, differentiation, cell growth, tumorigenesis and apoptosis. NF-kappa-B is a homo- or heterodimeric complex formed by the Rel-like domain- containing proteins RELA/p65, RELB, NFKB1/p105, NFKB1/p50, REL and NFKB2/p52 and the heterodimeric p65-p50 complex appears to be most abundant one. The dime [...] (973 aa) |
| | Rps6kb2 | Ribosomal protein S6 kinase; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. S6 kinase subfamily. (485 aa) |
| | Gng13 | G protein subunit gamma 13. (67 aa) |
| | RT1-M4 | RT1 class Ib, locus M4; Belongs to the MHC class I family. (341 aa) |
| | Ptk2b | Protein-tyrosine kinase 2-beta; Non-receptor protein-tyrosine kinase that regulates reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, cell polarization, cell migration, adhesion, spreading and bone remodeling. Plays a role in the regulation of the humoral immune response, and is required for normal levels of marginal B-cells in the spleen and normal migration of splenic B-cells. Required for normal macrophage polarization and migration towards sites of inflammation. Regulates cytoskeleton rearrangement and cell spreading in T-cells, and contributes to the regulation of T-cell responses. Promot [...] (1009 aa) |
| | Chuk | Component of inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase complex. (745 aa) |
| | Apobec3 | DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC3. (396 aa) |
| | Ap1g2 | AP-1 complex subunit gamma. (785 aa) |
| | Nras | GTPase NRas; Ras proteins bind GDP/GTP and possess intrinsic GTPase activity; Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Ras family. (189 aa) |
| | Gng14 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit gamma; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction. (72 aa) |
| | Wee2 | Wee1-like protein kinase. (558 aa) |
| | Akt1 | RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase; AKT1 is one of 3 closely related serine/threonine-protein kinases (AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3) called the AKT kinase, and which regulate many processes including metabolism, proliferation, cell survival, growth and angiogenesis. This is mediated through serine and/or threonine phosphorylation of a range of downstream substrates. Over 100 substrate candidates have been reported so far, but for most of them, no isoform specificity has been reported. AKT is responsible of the regulation of glucose uptake by mediating insulin-induced translocation of the [...] (480 aa) |
| | RT1-CE10 | RT1 class I, locus CE10; Belongs to the MHC class I family. (367 aa) |
| | RT1-CE1 | RT1 class I, locus1; Belongs to the MHC class I family. (375 aa) |
| | Ifna5 | Uncharacterized protein. (190 aa) |
| | Tnfrsf1a | Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A; Receptor for TNFSF2/TNF-alpha and homotrimeric TNFSF1/lymphotoxin-alpha. The adapter molecule FADD recruits caspase-8 to the activated receptor. The resulting death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) performs caspase-8 proteolytic activation which initiates the subsequent cascade of caspases (aspartate-specific cysteine proteases) mediating apoptosis (By similarity). (461 aa) |
| | Ifna16l1 | Interferon, alpha 16-like 1. (191 aa) |
| | Calml3 | Calmodulin-like protein 3; May function as a specific light chain of unconventional myosin-10 (MYO10), also enhances MYO10 translation, possibly by acting as a chaperone for the emerging MYO10 heavy chain protein. May compete with calmodulin by binding, with different affinities, to cellular substrates (By similarity). (149 aa) |
| | RT1-T24-4 | Histocompatibility 2, T region locus 24; Belongs to the MHC class I family. (373 aa) |
| | Ifna11 | Interferon alpha family, gene 11. (191 aa) |
| | Itpr1 | Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1; Intracellular channel that mediates calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum following stimulation by inositol 1,4,5- trisphosphate. Involved in the regulation of epithelial secretion of electrolytes and fluid through the interaction with AHCYL1 Plays a role in ER stress-induced apoptosis. Cytoplasmic calcium released from the ER triggers apoptosis by the activation of CaM kinase II, eventually leading to the activation of downstream apoptosis pathways. Belongs to the InsP3 receptor family. (2773 aa) |
| | RT1-M2 | RT1 class Ib, locus M2; Belongs to the MHC class I family. (344 aa) |
| | Atr | ATR serine/threonine kinase; Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family. (2636 aa) |
| | Pxn | Paxillin; Cytoskeletal protein involved in actin-membrane attachment at sites of cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix (focal adhesion). Belongs to the paxillin family. (586 aa) |
| | Gnb1 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction. (340 aa) |
| | Rela | V-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A (Avian). (550 aa) |
| | Atm | Serine-protein kinase ATM; Serine/threonine protein kinase which activates checkpoint signaling upon double strand breaks (DSBs), apoptosis and genotoxic stresses such as ionizing ultraviolet A light (UVA), thereby acting as a DNA damage sensor. Recognizes the substrate consensus sequence [ST]- Q. Phosphorylates 'Ser-139' of histone variant H2AX/H2AFX at double strand breaks (DSBs), thereby regulating DNA damage response mechanism. Also plays a role in pre-B cell allelic exclusion, a process leading to expression of a single immunoglobulin heavy chain allele to enforce clonality and mo [...] (3064 aa) |
| | Tapbp | Tap-binding protein (Tapasin). (464 aa) |
| | RT1-M5 | RT1 class Ib, locus M5; Belongs to the MHC class I family. (357 aa) |
| | Mapk12 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase 12; Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. MAPK12 is one of the four p38 MAPKs which play an important role in the cascades of cellular responses evoked by extracellular stimuli such as proinflammatory cytokines or physical stress leading to direct activation of transcription factors such as ELK1 and ATF2. Accordingly, p38 MAPKs phosphorylate a broad range of proteins and it has been estimated that they may have approximately 200 to 300 substrates each. Some of the targets are downstre [...] (367 aa) |
| | Cd3e | CD3 antigen, epsilon polypeptide (Predicted). (188 aa) |
| | Itpr2 | Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2; Receptor for inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, a second messenger that mediates the release of intracellular calcium. This release is regulated by cAMP both dependently and independently of PKA (By similarity). (2058 aa) |
| | RT1-M6-2 | RT1 class I, locus M6, gene 2; Belongs to the MHC class I family. (332 aa) |
| | Ifna4 | Interferon, alpha 4 (Predicted). (189 aa) |
| | RT1-CE3 | RT1 class I, locus CE3; Belongs to the MHC class I family. (352 aa) |
| | Ppp3ca | Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform; Calcium-dependent, calmodulin-stimulated protein phosphatase which plays an essential role in the transduction of intracellular Ca(2+)-mediated signals. Many of the substrates contain a PxIxIT motif and/or a LxVP motif (By similarity). In response to increased Ca(2+) levels, dephosphorylates and activates phosphatase SSH1 which results in cofilin dephosphorylation (By similarity). In response to increased Ca(2+) levels following mitochondrial depolarization, dephosphorylates DNM1L inducing DNM1L translocation to t [...] (521 aa) |
| | RT1-N2 | RCG41803, isoform CRA_a; Belongs to the MHC class I family. (377 aa) |
| | RT1-T24-1 | RT1 class I, locus T24, gene 1; Belongs to the MHC class I family. (330 aa) |
| | RT1-A2 | RT1 class I histocompatibility antigen, AA alpha chain; Involved in the presentation of foreign antigens to the immune system. (366 aa) |
| | Ifna1 | Interferon alpha-1; Produced by macrophages, IFN-alpha have antiviral activities. Interferon stimulates the production of two enzymes: a protein kinase and an oligoadenylate synthetase; Belongs to the alpha/beta interferon family. (192 aa) |
| | RT1-CE15 | RT1 class I, locus CE11-like; Belongs to the MHC class I family. (353 aa) |
| | Ap1b1 | AP-1 complex subunit beta-1; Subunit of clathrin-associated adaptor protein complex 1 that plays a role in protein sorting in the late-Golgi/trans-Golgi network (TGN) and/or endosomes. The AP complexes mediate both the recruitment of clathrin to membranes and the recognition of sorting signals within the cytosolic tails of transmembrane cargo molecules. (949 aa) |
| | Nfatc1 | Nuclear factor of-activated T-cells 1. (827 aa) |
| | Cdc25c | Cell division cycle 25C. (455 aa) |
| | RT1-CE5 | RT1 class I, locus CE5; Belongs to the MHC class I family. (375 aa) |
| | Ppp3r1 | Calcineurin subunit B type 1; Regulatory subunit of calcineurin, a calcium-dependent, calmodulin stimulated protein phosphatase. Confers calcium sensitivity. (170 aa) |
| | Nfatc2 | Nuclear factor of-activated T-cells 2. (931 aa) |
| | Cfl1 | Cofilin-1; Binds to F-actin and exhibits pH-sensitive F-actin depolymerizing activity. Regulates actin cytoskeleton dynamics. Important for normal progress through mitosis and normal cytokinesis. Plays a role in the regulation of cell morphology and cytoskeletal organization. Required for the up-regulation of atypical chemokine receptor ACKR2 from endosomal compartment to cell membrane, increasing its efficiency in chemokine uptake and degradation. Required for neural tube morphogenesis and neural crest cell migration (By similarity). (166 aa) |
| | Cul4b | Cullin 4B (Predicted); Belongs to the cullin family. (971 aa) |
| | Pik3cd | Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit. (944 aa) |
| | Mapk8 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase 8; Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in various processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, transformation and programmed cell death. Extracellular stimuli such as proinflammatory cytokines or physical stress stimulate the stress- activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAP/JNK) signaling pathway. In this cascade, two dual specificity kinases MAP2K4/MKK4 and MAP2K7/MKK7 phosphorylate and activate MAPK8/JNK1. In turn, MAPK8/JNK1 phosphorylates a number of transcription factors, primarily components of AP-1 such as J [...] (427 aa) |
| | Ap1m2 | AP-1 complex subunit mu-2; Subunit of clathrin-associated adaptor protein complex 1 that plays a role in protein sorting in the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and endosomes. The AP complexes mediate the recruitment of clathrin to membranes and the recognition of sorting signals within the cytosolic tails of transmembrane cargo molecules. (423 aa) |
| | Calr4 | Calreticulin. (439 aa) |
| | Sting1 | Stimulator of interferon genes protein; Facilitator of innate immune signaling that acts as a sensor of cytosolic DNA from bacteria and viruses and promotes the production of type I interferon (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta). Innate immune response is triggered in response to non-CpG double-stranded DNA from viruses and bacteria delivered to the cytoplasm (By similarity). Acts by binding cyclic dinucleotides: recognizes and binds cyclic di- GMP (c-di-GMP), a second messenger produced by bacteria, and cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), a messenger produced by CGAS in response to DNA virus in the cytosol [...] (379 aa) |
| | Ap1s2 | AP complex subunit sigma; Belongs to the adaptor complexes small subunit family. (157 aa) |
| | LOC688340 | T-cell receptor alpha chain V region PHDS58-like. (113 aa) |
| | Gng4 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit gamma; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction. (75 aa) |
| | LOC100912034 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-11; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction (By similarity). (73 aa) |
| | Pak2 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 2; Serine/threonine protein kinase that plays a role in a variety of different signaling pathways including cytoskeleton regulation, cell motility, cell cycle progression, apoptosis or proliferation. Acts as downstream effector of the small GTPases CDC42 and RAC1. Activation by the binding of active CDC42 and RAC1 results in a conformational change and a subsequent autophosphorylation on several serine and/or threonine residues. Full-length PAK2 stimulates cell survival and cell growth. Phosphorylates MAPK4 and MAPK6 and activates the downstream targ [...] (524 aa) |
| | Fadd | FAS-associated death domain protein; Apoptotic adaptor molecule that recruits caspase-8 or caspase-10 to the activated Fas (CD95) or TNFR-1 receptors. The resulting aggregate called the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) performs caspase-8 proteolytic activation. Active caspase-8 initiates the subsequent cascade of caspases mediating apoptosis. Involved in interferon-mediated antiviral immune response, playing a role in the positive regulation of interferon signaling. (208 aa) |
| | Gng2 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit gamma; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction. (44 aa) |
| | Cfl2 | Cofilin 2, muscle (Predicted), isoform CRA_b; Belongs to the actin-binding proteins ADF family. (166 aa) |
| | Gng12 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit gamma; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction. (72 aa) |
| | Ap1s3 | AP complex subunit sigma; Belongs to the adaptor complexes small subunit family. (154 aa) |
| | Nfatc3 | Nuclear factor of-activated T-cells 3. (1076 aa) |
| | Rbx1 | Ring-box 1. (108 aa) |
| | Cgas | Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase. (510 aa) |
| | Gnb3 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction. (340 aa) |
| | Bcl2l1 | Bcl-2-like protein 1; Potent inhibitor of cell death. Inhibits activation of caspases. Appears to regulate cell death by blocking the voltage- dependent anion channel (VDAC) by binding to it and preventing the release of the caspase activator, CYC1, from the mitochondrial membrane. Also acts as a regulator of G2 checkpoint and progression to cytokinesis during mitosis. Isoform Bcl-X(S) promotes apoptosis. (284 aa) |
| | Plcg2 | 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-2; The production of the second messenger molecules diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) is mediated by activated phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C enzymes. It is a crucial enzyme in transmembrane signaling. (1265 aa) |
| | Plcg1 | 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-1; Mediates the production of the second messenger molecules diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3). Plays an important role in the regulation of intracellular signaling cascades. Becomes activated in response to ligand-mediated activation of receptor-type tyrosine kinases, such as PDGFRA, PDGFRB, FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4. Plays a role in actin reorganization and cell migration (By similarity). (1290 aa) |
| | Cdk1 | Cyclin-dependent kinase 1; Plays a key role in the control of the eukaryotic cell cycle by modulating the centrosome cycle as well as mitotic onset; promotes G2-M transition, and regulates G1 progress and G1-S transition via association with multiple interphase cyclins. Required in higher cells for entry into S-phase and mitosis. Phosphorylates PARVA/actopaxin, APC, AMPH, APC, BARD1, Bcl-xL/BCL2L1, BRCA2, CALD1, CASP8, CDC7, CDC20, CDC25A, CDC25C, CC2D1A, CENPA, CSNK2 proteins/CKII, FZR1/CDH1, CDK7, CEBPB, CHAMP1, DMD/dystrophin, EEF1 proteins/EF-1, EZH2, KIF11/EG5, EGFR, FANCG, FOS, G [...] (297 aa) |
| | Akt3 | RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase; AKT3 is one of 3 closely related serine/threonine-protein kinases (AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3) called the AKT kinase, and which regulate many processes including metabolism, proliferation, cell survival, growth and angiogenesis. This is mediated through serine and/or threonine phosphorylation of a range of downstream substrates. Over 100 substrate candidates have been reported so far, but for most of them, no isoform specificity has been reported. AKT3 is the least studied AKT isoform. It plays an important role in brain development and is crucial fo [...] (474 aa) |
| | Mapk3 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3; Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. MAPK1/ERK2 and MAPK3/ERK1 are the 2 MAPKs which play an important role in the MAPK/ERK cascade. They participate also in a signaling cascade initiated by activated KIT and KITLG/SCF. Depending on the cellular context, the MAPK/ERK cascade mediates diverse biological functions such as cell growth, adhesion, survival and differentiation through the regulation of transcription, translation, cytoskeletal rearrangements. The MAPK/ERK cascade plays a [...] (380 aa) |
| | Irak1 | Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (Predicted). (710 aa) |
| | Prkcg | Protein kinase C gamma type; Calcium-activated, phospholipid- and diacylglycerol (DAG)- dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase that plays diverse roles in neuronal cells and eye tissues, such as regulation of the neuronal receptors GRIA4/GLUR4 and GRIN1/NMDAR1, modulation of receptors and neuronal functions related to sensitivity to opiates, pain and alcohol, mediation of synaptic function and cell survival after ischemia, and inhibition of gap junction activity after oxidative stress. Binds and phosphorylates GRIA4/GLUR4 glutamate receptor and regulates its function by increasing p [...] (697 aa) |
| | Pak7 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 5; Serine/threonine protein kinase that plays a role in a variety of different signaling pathways including cytoskeleton regulation, cell migration, proliferation or cell survival. Activation by various effectors including growth factor receptors or active CDC42 and RAC1 results in a conformational change and a subsequent autophosphorylation on several serine and/or threonine residues. Phosphorylates the proto-oncogene RAF and stimulates its kinase activity. Promotes cell survival by phosphorylating the BCL2 antagonist of cell death BAD. Phosphorylat [...] (718 aa) |
| | Eloc | Elongin-C; SIII, also known as elongin, is a general transcription elongation factor that increases the RNA polymerase II transcription elongation past template-encoded arresting sites. Subunit A is transcriptionally active and its transcription activity is strongly enhanced by binding to the dimeric complex of the SIII regulatory subunits B and C (elongin BC complex) (By similarity). In embryonic stem cells, the elongin BC complex is recruited by EPOP to Polycomb group (PcG) target genes in order generate genomic region that display both active and repressive chromatin properties, an [...] (112 aa) |
| | RT1-A | RT1 class Ia, locus A1; Belongs to the MHC class I family. (382 aa) |
| | Gng8 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction. This subunit may have a very specific role in the development and turnover of olfactory and vomeronasal neurons. (70 aa) |
| | Map2k7 | Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7; Dual specificity protein kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. Essential component of the stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAP/JNK) signaling pathway. With MAP2K4/MKK4, is the one of the only known kinase to directly activate the stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinases MAPK8/JNK1, MAPK9/JNK2 and MAPK10/JNK3. MAP2K4/MKK4 and MAP2K7/MKK7 both activate the JNKs by phosphorylation, but they differ in their preference for the phosphorylati [...] (435 aa) |
| | Pik3ca | Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform; Phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) that phosphorylates PtdIns (Phosphatidylinositol), PtdIns4P (Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate) and PtdIns(4,5)P2 (Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate) to generate phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) (By similarity). PIP3 plays a key role by recruiting PH domain-containing proteins to the membrane, including AKT1 and PDPK1, activating signaling cascades involved in cell growth, survival, proliferation, motility and morphology (By similarity). Participates in cel [...] (1068 aa) |
| | Elob | Elongin-B; SIII, also known as elongin, is a general transcription elongation factor that increases the RNA polymerase II transcription elongation past template-encoded arresting sites. Subunit A is transcriptionally active and its transcription activity is strongly enhanced by binding to the dimeric complex of the SIII regulatory subunits B and C (elongin BC complex) (By similarity). In embryonic stem cells, the elongin BC complex is recruited by EPOP to Polycomb group (PcG) target genes in order generate genomic region that display both active and repressive chromatin properties, an [...] (118 aa) |
| | Ifna2 | Interferon alpha 2. (192 aa) |
| | Pak1 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1; Protein kinase involved in intracellular signaling pathways downstream of integrins and receptor-type kinases that plays an important role in cytoskeleton dynamics, in cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, apoptosis, mitosis, and in vesicle-mediated transport processes. Can directly phosphorylate BAD and protects cells against apoptosis. Activated by interaction with CDC42 and RAC1. Functions as GTPase effector that links the Rho-related GTPases CDC42 and RAC1 to the JNK MAP kinase pathway. Phosphorylates and activates MAP2K1, and thereby media [...] (544 aa) |
| | Limk1 | LIM domain kinase 1; Serine/threonine-protein kinase that plays an essential role in the regulation of actin filament dynamics. Acts downstream of several Rho family GTPase signal transduction pathways. Activated by upstream kinases including ROCK1, PAK1 and PAK4, which phosphorylate LIMK1 on a threonine residue located in its activation loop. LIMK1 subsequently phosphorylates and inactivates the actin binding/depolymerizing factors cofilin-1/CFL1, cofilin-2/CFL2 and destrin/DSTN, thereby preventing the cleavage of filamentous actin (F- actin), and stabilizing the actin cytoskeleton. I [...] (647 aa) |
| | Ccr5 | C-C chemokine receptor type 5; Receptor for a number of inflammatory CC-chemokines including MIP-1-alpha, MIP-1-beta and RANTES and subsequently transduces a signal by increasing the intracellular calcium ion level. May play a role in the control of granulocytic lineage proliferation or differentiation (By similarity). (354 aa) |
| | Skp1 | S-phase kinase-associated protein 1; Essential component of the SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) ubiquitin ligase complex, which mediates the ubiquitination of proteins involved in cell cycle progression, signal transduction and transcription. In the SCF complex, serves as an adapter that links the F-box protein to CUL1. The functional specificity of the SCF complex depends on the F-box protein as substrate recognition component. SCF(BTRC) and SCF(FBXW11) direct ubiquitination of CTNNB1 and participate in Wnt signaling. SCF(FBXW11) directs ubiquitination of phosphorylated NFKBIA. SCF(BTRC [...] (165 aa) |
| | RGD1559679 | Uncharacterized protein. (197 aa) |
| | LOC685590 | Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit. (1063 aa) |
| | Gnai1 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1; Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) function as transducers downstream of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in numerous signaling cascades. The alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site and alternates between an active, GTP-bound state and an inactive, GDP-bound state. Signaling by an activated GPCR promotes GDP release and GTP binding. The alpha subunit has a low GTPase activity that converts bound GTP to GDP, thereby terminating the signal. Both GDP release and GTP hydrolysis are modulated by numer [...] (354 aa) |
| | Ppp3cb | Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform; Calcium-dependent, calmodulin-stimulated protein phosphatase which plays an essential role in the transduction of intracellular Ca(2+)-mediated signals. Dephosphorylates and activates transcription factor NFATC1. Dephosphorylates and inactivates transcription factor ELK1. Dephosphorylates DARPP32. (497 aa) |
| | RT1-T24-3 | RT1 class I, locus T24, gene 3; Belongs to the MHC class I family. (316 aa) |
| | RT1-CE12 | Ig-like domain-containing protein; Belongs to the MHC class I family. (371 aa) |
| | Itpr3 | Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3; Receptor for inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, a second messenger that mediates the release of intracellular calcium. (2670 aa) |
| | Ccnb1 | G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B1; Essential for the control of the cell cycle at the G2/M (mitosis) transition; Belongs to the cyclin family. Cyclin AB subfamily. (423 aa) |
| | Ikbkg | NF-kappa-B essential modulator; Regulatory subunit of the IKK core complex which phosphorylates inhibitors of NF-kappa-B thus leading to the dissociation of the inhibitor/NF-kappa-B complex and ultimately the degradation of the inhibitor. Its binding to scaffolding polyubiquitin seems to play a role in IKK activation by multiple signaling receptor pathways. Also considered to be a mediator for TAX activation of NF- kappa-B. Could be implicated in NF-kappa-B-mediated protection from cytokine toxicity. Essential for viral activation of IRF3. Involved in TLR3- and IFIH1-mediated antiviral [...] (412 aa) |
| | Pak6 | Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase. (681 aa) |
| | Dcaf1 | DDB1 and CUL4-associated factor 1. (1460 aa) |
| | Ptk2 | Focal adhesion kinase 1; Non-receptor protein-tyrosine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating cell migration, adhesion, spreading, reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, formation and disassembly of focal adhesions and cell protrusions, cell cycle progression, cell proliferation and apoptosis. Required for early embryonic development and placenta development. Required for embryonic angiogenesis, normal cardiomyocyte migration and proliferation, and normal heart development. Regulates axon growth and neuronal cell migration, axon branching and synapse formation; required f [...] (1067 aa) |
| | Tab1 | TGF-beta-activated kinase 1/MAP3K7-binding protein 1. (502 aa) |
| | Mapk10 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase 10; Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in various processes such as neuronal proliferation, differentiation, migration and programmed cell death. Extracellular stimuli such as proinflammatory cytokines or physical stress stimulate the stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAP/JNK) signaling pathway. In this cascade, two dual specificity kinases MAP2K4/MKK4 and MAP2K7/MKK7 phosphorylate and activate MAPK10/JNK3. In turn, MAPK10/JNK3 phosphorylates a number of transcription factors, primarily components of AP-1 such as JUN and ATF [...] (426 aa) |
| | Pak4 | Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase. (593 aa) |
