STRINGSTRING
sulA sulA ycfO ycfO minE minE minD minD minC minC cedA cedA zipA zipA xerD xerD ftsB ftsB nlpD nlpD tig tig ybgF ybgF pal pal tolB tolB tolR tolR tolQ tolQ mrdB mrdB ftsK ftsK mukF mukF mukE mukE mukB mukB ycbW ycbW yjdB yjdB murB murB ftsN ftsN yiiU yiiU yihA yihA xerC xerC ttk ttk ftsE ftsE ftsX ftsX murA murA yhbM yhbM ygfE ygfE yacF yacF ftsZ ftsZ ftsA ftsA ftsQ ftsQ murC murC murG murG murD murD mraY mraY murE murE ftsL ftsL ycbG ycbG
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splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
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query proteins and first shell of interactors
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second shell of interactors
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proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
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experimentally determined
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sulAInhibitor of cell division and ftsZ ring formation; Component of the SOS system and an inhibitor of cell division. Accumulation of SulA causes rapid cessation of cell division and the appearance of long, non-septate filaments. In the presence of GTP, binds a polymerization-competent form of FtsZ in a 1:1 ratio, thus inhibiting FtsZ polymerization and therefore preventing it from participating in the assembly of the Z ring. This mechanism prevents the premature segregation of damaged DNA to daughter cells during cell division. (169 aa)
ycfOConserved hypothetical protein; Plays a role in peptidoglycan recycling by cleaving the terminal beta-1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) from peptide- linked peptidoglycan fragments, giving rise to free GlcNAc, anhydro-N- acetylmuramic acid and anhydro-N-acetylmuramic acid-linked peptides. Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 3 family. NagZ subfamily. (341 aa)
minECell division topological specificity factor; Prevents the cell division inhibition by proteins MinC and MinD at internal division sites while permitting inhibition at polar sites. This ensures cell division at the proper site by restricting the formation of a division septum at the midpoint of the long axis of the cell (By similarity). (88 aa)
minDCell division inhibitor; ATPase required for the correct placement of the division site. Cell division inhibitors MinC and MinD act in concert to form an inhibitor capable of blocking formation of the polar Z ring septums. Rapidly oscillates between the poles of the cell to destabilize FtsZ filaments that have formed before they mature into polar Z rings (By similarity). (270 aa)
minCCell division inhibitor; Cell division inhibitor that blocks the formation of polar Z ring septums. Rapidly oscillates between the poles of the cell to destabilize FtsZ filaments that have formed before they mature into polar Z rings. Prevents FtsZ polymerization; Belongs to the MinC family. (231 aa)
cedAConserved hypothetical protein; Activates the cell division inhibited by chromosomal DNA over-replication. (87 aa)
zipACell division protein involved in FtsZ ring; Essential cell division protein that stabilizes the FtsZ protofilaments by cross-linking them and that serves as a cytoplasmic membrane anchor for the Z ring. Also required for the recruitment to the septal ring of downstream cell division proteins. (327 aa)
xerDSite-specific recombinase; Site-specific tyrosine recombinase, which acts by catalyzing the cutting and rejoining of the recombining DNA molecules. Binds cooperatively to specific DNA consensus sequences that are separated from XerC binding sites by a short central region, forming the heterotetrameric XerC-XerD complex that recombines DNA substrates. The complex is essential to convert dimers of the bacterial chromosome into monomers to permit their segregation at cell division. It also contributes to the segregational stability of plasmids. In the complex XerD specifically exchanges t [...] (298 aa)
ftsBConserved hypothetical protein; Essential cell division protein. May link together the upstream cell division proteins, which are predominantly cytoplasmic, with the downstream cell division proteins, which are predominantly periplasmic. (103 aa)
nlpDLipoprotein; Activator of the cell wall hydrolase AmiC. Required for septal murein cleavage and daughter cell separation during cell division (By similarity); Belongs to the E.coli NlpD/Haemophilus LppB family. (379 aa)
tigTrigger factor; Involved in protein export. Acts as a chaperone by maintaining the newly synthesized protein in an open conformation. Functions as a peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (By similarity). (432 aa)
ybgFConserved hypothetical protein; Mediates coordination of peptidoglycan synthesis and outer membrane constriction during cell division; Belongs to the CpoB family. (263 aa)
palPeptidoglycan-associated lipoprotein; Part of the Tol-Pal system, which plays a role in outer membrane invagination during cell division and is important for maintaining outer membrane integrity. (173 aa)
tolBPeriplasmic protein; Part of the Tol-Pal system, which plays a role in outer membrane invagination during cell division and is important for maintaining outer membrane integrity. TolB occupies a key intermediary position in the Tol-Pal system because it communicates directly with both membrane-embedded components, Pal in the outer membrane and TolA in the inner membrane. (430 aa)
tolRPutative inner membrane protein; Part of the Tol-Pal system, which plays a role in outer membrane invagination during cell division and is important for maintaining outer membrane integrity. Required, with TolQ, for the proton motive force-dependent activation of TolA and for TolA-Pal interaction. (142 aa)
tolQInner membrane protein TolQ; Part of the Tol-Pal system, which plays a role in outer membrane invagination during cell division and is important for maintaining outer membrane integrity. Required, with TolR, for the proton motive force-dependent activation of TolA and for TolA-Pal interaction. (230 aa)
mrdBRod shape-determining membrane protein; Peptidoglycan polymerase that is essential for cell wall elongation; Belongs to the SEDS family. MrdB/RodA subfamily. (370 aa)
ftsKCell division protein; Essential cell division protein that coordinates cell division and chromosome segregation. The N-terminus is involved in assembly of the cell-division machinery. The C-terminus functions as a DNA motor that moves dsDNA in an ATP-dependent manner towards the dif recombination site, which is located within the replication terminus region. Translocation stops specifically at Xer-dif sites, where FtsK interacts with the Xer recombinase, allowing activation of chromosome unlinking by recombination. FtsK orienting polar sequences (KOPS) guide the direction of DNA trans [...] (1342 aa)
mukFmukF protein (killing factor KICB); Involved in chromosome condensation, segregation and cell cycle progression. May participate in facilitating chromosome segregation by condensation DNA from both sides of a centrally located replisome during cell division. Not required for mini-F plasmid partitioning. Probably acts via its interaction with MukB and MukE. Overexpression results in anucleate cells. It has a calcium binding activity. (440 aa)
mukEConserved hypothetical protein; Involved in chromosome condensation, segregation and cell cycle progression. May participate in facilitating chromosome segregation by condensation DNA from both sides of a centrally located replisome during cell division. Probably acts via its interaction with MukB and MukF. (225 aa)
mukBKinesin-like cell division protein; Plays a central role in chromosome condensation, segregation and cell cycle progression. Functions as a homodimer, which is essential for chromosome partition. Involved in negative DNA supercoiling in vivo, and by this means organize and compact chromosomes. May achieve or facilitate chromosome segregation by condensation DNA from both sides of a centrally located replisome during cell division; Belongs to the SMC family. MukB subfamily. (1486 aa)
ycbWConserved hypothetical protein; Contributes to the efficiency of the cell division process by stabilizing the polymeric form of the cell division protein FtsZ. Acts by promoting interactions between FtsZ protofilaments and suppressing the GTPase activity of FtsZ. (192 aa)
yjdBConserved hypothetical protein; Code: R; COG: COG2194. (557 aa)
murBUDP-N-acetylenolpyruvoylglucosamine reductase; Cell wall formation. (342 aa)
ftsNEssential cell division protein; Essential cell division protein that activates septal peptidoglycan synthesis and constriction of the cell. Acts on both sides of the membrane, via interaction with FtsA in the cytoplasm and interaction with the FtsQBL complex in the periplasm. These interactions may induce a conformational switch in both FtsA and FtsQBL, leading to septal peptidoglycan synthesis by FtsI and associated synthases. (319 aa)
yiiUConserved hypothetical protein; Non-essential, abundant cell division factor that is required for proper Z-ring formation. It is recruited early to the divisome by direct interaction with FtsZ, stimulating Z-ring assembly and thereby promoting cell division earlier in the cell cycle. Its recruitment to the Z-ring requires functional FtsA or ZipA. (81 aa)
yihAConserved hypothetical protein; Necessary for normal cell division and for the maintenance of normal septation; Belongs to the TRAFAC class TrmE-Era-EngA-EngB-Septin-like GTPase superfamily. EngB GTPase family. (198 aa)
xerCSite-specific recombinase; Site-specific tyrosine recombinase, which acts by catalyzing the cutting and rejoining of the recombining DNA molecules. Binds cooperatively to specific DNA consensus sequences that are separated from XerD binding sites by a short central region, forming the heterotetrameric XerC-XerD complex that recombines DNA substrates. The complex is essential to convert dimers of the bacterial chromosome into monomers to permit their segregation at cell division. It also contributes to the segregational stability of plasmids. In the complex XerC specifically exchanges t [...] (298 aa)
ttkPutative transcriptional regulator; Required for nucleoid occlusion (NO) phenomenon, which prevents Z-ring formation and cell division over the nucleoid. Acts as a DNA-associated cell division inhibitor that binds simultaneously chromosomal DNA and FtsZ, and disrupts the assembly of FtsZ polymers. SlmA-DNA-binding sequences (SBS) are dispersed on non-Ter regions of the chromosome, preventing FtsZ polymerization at these regions. (212 aa)
ftsEATP-binding component of a membrane-associated complex involved in cell division; Part of the ABC transporter FtsEX involved in cellular division. Important for assembly or stability of the septal ring. (222 aa)
ftsXCell division membrane protein; Part of the ABC transporter FtsEX involved in cellular division. Important for assembly or stability of the septal ring. Encoded in an operon consisting of genes ftsY, ftsE and ftsX (By similarity). (352 aa)
murAUDP-N-glucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase; Cell wall formation. Adds enolpyruvyl to UDP-N- acetylglucosamine; Belongs to the EPSP synthase family. MurA subfamily. (419 aa)
yhbMPutative control protein; May be involved in cell division. May play a role in bacterial septation or regulation of cell wall degradation during cell division (By similarity). (294 aa)
ygfEConserved hypothetical protein; Activator of cell division through the inhibition of FtsZ GTPase activity, therefore promoting FtsZ assembly into bundles of protofilaments necessary for the formation of the division Z ring. It is recruited early at mid-cell but it is not essential for cell division. (109 aa)
yacFConserved hypothetical protein; Cell division factor that enhances FtsZ-ring assembly. Directly interacts with FtsZ and promotes bundling of FtsZ protofilaments, with a reduction in FtsZ GTPase activity. (247 aa)
ftsZTubulin-like GTP-binding protein and GTPase; Essential cell division protein that forms a contractile ring structure (Z ring) at the future cell division site. The regulation of the ring assembly controls the timing and the location of cell division. One of the functions of the FtsZ ring is to recruit other cell division proteins to the septum to produce a new cell wall between the dividing cells. Binds GTP and shows GTPase activity. (383 aa)
ftsAATP-binding cell division protein; Cell division protein that is involved in the assembly of the Z ring. May serve as a membrane anchor for the Z ring. (420 aa)
ftsQCell division protein; Essential cell division protein. May link together the upstream cell division proteins, which are predominantly cytoplasmic, with the downstream cell division proteins, which are predominantly periplasmic. May control correct divisome assembly. (276 aa)
murCL-alanine adding enzyme, UDP-N-acetyl-muramate:alanine ligase; Cell wall formation; Belongs to the MurCDEF family. (491 aa)
murGUndecaprenyldiphospho-muramoylpentapeptide beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase; Cell wall formation. Catalyzes the transfer of a GlcNAc subunit on undecaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-MurNAc-pentapeptide (lipid intermediate I) to form undecaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-MurNAc- (pentapeptide)GlcNAc (lipid intermediate II); Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 28 family. MurG subfamily. (355 aa)
murDUDP-N-acetylmuramoylalanine-D-glutamate ligase; Cell wall formation. Catalyzes the addition of glutamate to the nucleotide precursor UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine (UMA). Belongs to the MurCDEF family. (438 aa)
mraYphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl- pentapeptidetransferase; First step of the lipid cycle reactions in the biosynthesis of the cell wall peptidoglycan; Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 4 family. MraY subfamily. (360 aa)
murEMeso-diaminopimelate-adding enzyme; Catalyzes the addition of meso-diaminopimelic acid to the nucleotide precursor UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate (UMAG) in the biosynthesis of bacterial cell-wall peptidoglycan. Belongs to the MurCDEF family. MurE subfamily. (495 aa)
ftsLCell division protein; Essential cell division protein. May link together the upstream cell division proteins, which are predominantly cytoplasmic, with the downstream cell division proteins, which are predominantly periplasmic. (121 aa)
ycbGPutative dehydrogenase; Required for spatial organization of the terminus region of the chromosome (Ter macrodomain) during the cell cycle. Prevents early segregation of duplicated Ter macrodomains during cell division. Binds specifically to matS, which is a 13 bp signature motif repeated within the Ter macrodomain. (134 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Shigella flexneri
NCBI taxonomy Id: 198214
Other names: S. flexneri 2a str. 301, Shigella flexneri 2a str. 301, Shigella flexneri serotype 2a str. 301
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