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etfB | Electron transfer flavoprotein (beta subunit); The electron transfer flavoprotein serves as a specific electron acceptor for other dehydrogenases. It transfers the electrons to the main respiratory chain via ETF-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (ETF dehydrogenase) (By similarity). (257 aa) | ||||
yyaE | Putative oxidoreductase; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; putative enzyme. (667 aa) | ||||
ahpF | Alkyl hydroperoxide reductase (large subunit); Transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone (By similarity). (509 aa) | ||||
gntZ | NAD+-6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase; Catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of 6-phosphogluconate to ribulose 5-phosphate and CO(2), with concomitant reduction of NAD to NADH. Does not contribute to oxidative pentose phosphate (PP) pathway fluxes during growth on glucose. The functional role of GntZ remains obscure. (468 aa) | ||||
iolJ | 2-deoxy-5-keto-D-gluconic acid 6-phosphate aldolase; Produces dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP or glycerone phosphate) and malonic semialdehyde (MSA or 3-oxopropanoate) from 6- phospho-5-dehydro-2-deoxy-D-gluconate (DKGP). Belongs to the class II fructose-bisphosphate aldolase family. IolJ subfamily. (290 aa) | ||||
cydA | Cytochrome bb' ubiquinol oxidase (subunit I); Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the cytochrome ubiquinol oxidase subunit 1 family. (468 aa) | ||||
cydB | Cytochrome bb' ubiquinol oxidase (subunit II); Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme. (338 aa) | ||||
qoxA | Cytochrome aa3-600 quinol oxidase (subunit II); Catalyzes quinol oxidation with the concomitant reduction of oxygen to water. Major component for energy conversion during vegetative growth. Subunit II transfers the electrons from a quinol to the binuclear center of the catalytic subunit I (By similarity). (321 aa) | ||||
qoxB | Cytochrome aa3-600 quinol oxidase (subunit I); Catalyzes quinol oxidation with the concomitant reduction of oxygen to water. Major component for energy conversion during vegetative growth (By similarity). (649 aa) | ||||
qoxC | Cytochrome aa3-600 quinol oxidase (subunit III); Catalyzes quinol oxidation with the concomitant reduction of oxygen to water. Major component for energy conversion during vegetative growth (By similarity). (204 aa) | ||||
qoxD | Cytochrome aa3-600 quinol oxidase (subunit IV); Catalyzes quinol oxidation with the concomitant reduction of oxygen to water. Major component for energy conversion during vegetative growth (By similarity). (124 aa) | ||||
narG | Nitrate reductase (alpha subunit); The alpha chain is the actual site of nitrate reduction. (1228 aa) | ||||
narH | Nitrate reductase (beta subunit); The beta chain is an electron transfer unit containing four cysteine clusters involved in the formation of iron-sulfur centers. Electrons are transferred from the gamma chain to the molybdenum cofactor of the alpha subunit. (487 aa) | ||||
narI | Nitrate reductase (gamma subunit); The gamma chain is a membrane-embedded heme-iron unit resembling cytochrome b, which transfers electrons from quinones to the beta subunit. (223 aa) | ||||
fbaA | Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase; Catalyzes the aldol condensation of dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP or glycerone-phosphate) with glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) to form fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) in gluconeogenesis and the reverse reaction in glycolysis. (285 aa) | ||||
ywjH | Putative transaldolase; Transaldolase is important for the balance of metabolites in the pentose-phosphate pathway. Does not show fructose-6-P aldolase activity. (212 aa) | ||||
ywlF | Ribose 5-phosphate epimerase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme. (149 aa) | ||||
ywrO | Nitroreductase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme. (175 aa) | ||||
cccB | Cytochrome c551; Electron carrier protein. (112 aa) | ||||
gapA | Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; Involved in the glycolysis. Catalyzes the oxidative phosphorylation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) to 1,3- bisphosphoglycerate (BPG) using the cofactor NAD. The first reaction step involves the formation of a hemiacetal intermediate between G3P and a cysteine residue, and this hemiacetal intermediate is then oxidized to a thioester, with concomitant reduction of NAD to NADH. The reduced NADH is then exchanged with the second NAD, and the thioester is attacked by a nucleophilic inorganic phosphate to produce BPG. (335 aa) | ||||
pgk | Phosphoglycerate kinase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the phosphoglycerate kinase family. (394 aa) | ||||
tpiA | Triose phosphate isomerase; Involved in the gluconeogenesis. Catalyzes stereospecifically the conversion of dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) to D- glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P); Belongs to the triosephosphate isomerase family. (253 aa) | ||||
pgm | Phosphoglycerate mutase; Essential for rapid growth and for sporulation. Catalyzes the interconversion of 2-phosphoglycerate and 3-phosphoglycerate. (511 aa) | ||||
eno | Enolase; Catalyzes the reversible conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate into phosphoenolpyruvate. It is essential for the degradation of carbohydrates via glycolysis; Belongs to the enolase family. (430 aa) | ||||
yvaB | NADH:dichloroindophenol oxidoreductase; Catalyzes the reductive cleavage of azo bond in aromatic azo compounds to the corresponding amines. Requires NADH, but not NADPH, as an electron donor for its activity. Confers resistance to catechol, 2- methylhydroquinone (2-MHQ), and diamide. Probably could also reduce benzoquinones produce by the auto-oxidation of catechol and 2- methylhydroquinone. (211 aa) | ||||
fumC | Fumarate hydratase; Involved in the TCA cycle. Catalyzes the stereospecific interconversion of fumarate to L-malate; Belongs to the class-II fumarase/aspartase family. Fumarase subfamily. (462 aa) | ||||
yumB | Putative NAD-disulfide oxidoreductase; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; Product type pe: putative enzyme. (406 aa) | ||||
mrpD | Proton transporter component of Na+/H+ antiporter; Mrp complex is a Na(+)/H(+) antiporter that is considered to be the major Na(+) excretion system in B.subtilis. Has a major role in Na(+) resistance and a minor role in Na(+)- and K(+)-dependent pH homeostasis as compared to TetB. MrpA may be the actual Na(+)/H(+) antiporter, although the six other Mrp proteins are all required for Na(+)/H(+) antiport activity and Na(+) resistance. MrpA is required for initiation of sporulation when external Na(+) concentration increases. Also transports Li(+) but not K(+), Ca(2+) or Mg(2+). Belongs to [...] (493 aa) | ||||
pgi | Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the GPI family. (450 aa) | ||||
glgB | 1,4-alpha-glucan branching enzyme; Catalyzes the formation of the alpha-1,6-glucosidic linkages in glycogen by scission of a 1,4-alpha-linked oligosaccharide from growing alpha-1,4-glucan chains and the subsequent attachment of the oligosaccharide to the alpha-1,6 position. (627 aa) | ||||
glgC | Glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase (ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase) subunit alpha; Involved in the biosynthesis of ADP-glucose, a building block required for the elongation reactions to produce glycogen. Catalyzes the reaction between ATP and alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) to produce pyrophosphate and ADP-Glc. (380 aa) | ||||
glgD | Glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase (ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase) beta subunit; Required for the synthesis of glycogen; Belongs to the bacterial/plant glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase family. (343 aa) | ||||
glgA | Bacterial glycogen (starch) synthase; Synthesizes alpha-1,4-glucan chains using ADP-glucose; Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 1 family. Bacterial/plant glycogen synthase subfamily. (484 aa) | ||||
glgP | Glycogen phosphorylase; Phosphorylase is an important allosteric enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism. Enzymes from different sources differ in their regulatory mechanisms and in their natural substrates. However, all known phosphorylases share catalytic and structural properties. (798 aa) | ||||
ythA | Putative cytochrome bd menaquinol oxidase subunit I; May have a role in sporulation. Can compensate for the loss of cytochrome aa3; Belongs to the cytochrome ubiquinol oxidase subunit 1 family. (443 aa) | ||||
ytnI | Putative redoxin; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; Product type pe: putative enzyme; Belongs to the glutaredoxin family. (93 aa) | ||||
pfkA | 6-phosphofructokinase; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by ATP, the first committing step of glycolysis; Belongs to the phosphofructokinase type A (PFKA) family. ATP-dependent PFK group I subfamily. Prokaryotic clade 'B1' sub- subfamily. (319 aa) | ||||
pyk | Pyruvate kinase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; In the C-terminal section; belongs to the PEP-utilizing enzyme family. (585 aa) | ||||
citZ | Citrate synthase II; Might regulate the synthesis and function of enzymes involved in later enzymatic steps of Krebs cycle. Loss in activity results in sporulation defect; Belongs to the citrate synthase family. (372 aa) | ||||
icd | Isocitrate dehydrogenase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme. (423 aa) | ||||
mdh | Malate dehydrogenase; Catalyzes the reversible oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate. (312 aa) | ||||
etfA | Electron transfer flavoprotein (alpha subunit); The electron transfer flavoprotein serves as a specific electron acceptor for other dehydrogenases. It transfers the electrons to the main respiratory chain via ETF-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (ETF dehydrogenase) (By similarity). (325 aa) | ||||
sdhC | Succinate dehydrogenase (cytochrome b558 subunit); Di-heme cytochrome of the succinate dehydrogenase complex. (202 aa) | ||||
sdhA | Succinate dehydrogenase (flavoprotein subunit); Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; enzyme. (586 aa) | ||||
sdhB | Succinate dehydrogenase (iron-sulfur protein); Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the succinate dehydrogenase/fumarate reductase iron-sulfur protein family. (253 aa) | ||||
yrbE | Putative oxidoreductase; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; Product type pe: putative enzyme; Belongs to the Gfo/Idh/MocA family. (341 aa) | ||||
yrkL | Putative NAD(P)H oxidoreductase; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; putative enzyme; Belongs to the NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone) family. (174 aa) | ||||
yqeC | Putative hydroxyacid dehydrogenase; May act as NAD-dependent 6-P-gluconate dehydrogenase. (297 aa) | ||||
cccA | Cytochrome c550; Not essential for growth on minimal or rich media. (120 aa) | ||||
glcK | Glucose kinase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the ROK (NagC/XylR) family. (321 aa) | ||||
mmgD | 2-methylcitrate synthase/citrate synthase III; Involved in both the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) and methylcitric acid cycles. Has both 2-methylcitrate synthase and citrate synthase activities. Catalyzes the condensation of propionyl-CoA and oxaloacetate to yield 2-methylcitrate (2-MC) and CoA, and the condensation of acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate to yield citrate and CoA. Has 2.3-fold higher activity as a 2-methylcitrate synthase. Catalyzes the formation of either (2S,3R)- or (2R,3S)-2-methylcitrate. (372 aa) | ||||
mmgE | 2-methylcitrate dehydratase; Involved in both the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) and methylcitric acid cycles. Has both 2-methylcitrate dehydratase and citrate dehydratase activities. Catalyzes the dehydration of 2-methylcitrate (2-MC) to yield 2-methyl-cis-aconitate, and the dehydration of citrate to yield cis-aconitate. Cannot form isocitrate. Uses either (2S,3R)- or (2R,3S)-2-methylcitrate. (472 aa) | ||||
lpdV | Branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase E3 subunit (dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase); The branched-chain alpha-keto dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of alpha-keto acids to acyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of 3 enzymatic components: branched-chain alpha-keto acid decarboxylase (E1), lipoamide acyltransferase (E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (E3); Belongs to the class-I pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family. (474 aa) | ||||
bkdB | Branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase E2 subunit (lipoamide acyltransferase); The branched-chain alpha-keto dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of alpha-keto acids to acyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of three enzymatic components: branched-chain alpha-keto acid decarboxylase (E1), lipoamide acyltransferase (E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (E3). (424 aa) | ||||
gndA | NADP+-dependent 6-P-gluconate dehydrogenase; Catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of 6-phosphogluconate to ribulose 5-phosphate and CO(2), with concomitant reduction of NADP to NADPH. Is the predominant 6-P-gluconate dehydrogenase isoenzyme in B.subtilis during growth on glucose and gluconate. (469 aa) | ||||
zwf | Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase; Catalyzes the oxidation of glucose 6-phosphate to 6- phosphogluconolactone. (489 aa) | ||||
ansB | L-aspartase (aspartate ammonia lyase); Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the class-II fumarase/aspartase family. Aspartase subfamily. (475 aa) | ||||
fer | Ferredoxin; Ferredoxins are iron-sulfur proteins that transfer electrons in a wide variety of metabolic reactions. This ferredoxin may act as a phosphodonor to cytochrome P450 BioI. (82 aa) | ||||
qcrB | Menaquinol:cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b subunit); Component of the menaquinol-cytochrome c reductase complex. (224 aa) | ||||
qcrC | Menaquinol:cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome cc subunit); Component of the menaquinol-cytochrome c reductase complex. (255 aa) | ||||
kamA | Lysine 2,3-aminomutase; Catalyzes the interconversion of L-alpha-lysine and L-beta- lysine; Belongs to the radical SAM superfamily. KamA family. (471 aa) | ||||
odhA | 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (E1 subunit); E1 component of the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (OGDH) complex which catalyzes the decarboxylation of 2-oxoglutarate, the first step in the conversion of 2-oxoglutarate to succinyl-CoA and CO(2). (944 aa) | ||||
odhB | 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (dihydrolipoamide transsuccinylase, E2 subunit); E2 component of the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (OGDH) complex which catalyzes the second step in the conversion of 2- oxoglutarate to succinyl-CoA and CO(2). (417 aa) | ||||
rtbJ | Antitoxin of ribonuclease RttI; Catalyzes the reductive cleavage of azo bond in aromatic azo compounds to the corresponding amines. Requires NADH, but not NADPH, as an electron donor for its activity. Confers resistance to catechol, 2- methylhydroquinone (2-MHQ), and diamide. Probably could also reduce benzoquinones produce by the auto-oxidation of catechol and 2- methylhydroquinone. (208 aa) | ||||
yoaE | Molybdopterin cofactor oxido-reductase; Evidence 2b: Function of strongly homologous gene; enzyme. (680 aa) | ||||
yngG | Putative hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA lyase; Involved in the catabolism of branched amino acids such as leucine; Belongs to the HMG-CoA lyase family. (299 aa) | ||||
citB | Aconitate hydratase (aconitase); Involved in both the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) and methylcitric acid cycles. Catalyzes the reversible isomerization of citrate to isocitrate via cis-aconitate. Also catalyzes the rehydration of 2- methyl-cis-aconitate to produce 2-methylisocitrate. The apo form of AcnA functions as a RNA-binding regulatory protein which plays a role in the regulation of citrate concentration and in the sporulation. To prevent the accumulation of excessive levels of citrate, it binds near the 5' end of the citZ mRNA, decreasing its stability and thereby limiting the conce [...] (909 aa) | ||||
tkt | Transketolase; Catalyzes the transfer of a two-carbon ketol group from a ketose donor to an aldose acceptor, via a covalent intermediate with the cofactor thiamine pyrophosphate. (667 aa) | ||||
sucD | succinyl-CoA synthetase (alpha subunit); Succinyl-CoA synthetase functions in the citric acid cycle (TCA), coupling the hydrolysis of succinyl-CoA to the synthesis of either ATP or GTP and thus represents the only step of substrate-level phosphorylation in the TCA. The alpha subunit of the enzyme binds the substrates coenzyme A and phosphate, while succinate binding and nucleotide specificity is provided by the beta subunit. (300 aa) | ||||
sucC | succinyl-CoA synthetase (beta subunit); Succinyl-CoA synthetase functions in the citric acid cycle (TCA), coupling the hydrolysis of succinyl-CoA to the synthesis of either ATP or GTP and thus represents the only step of substrate-level phosphorylation in the TCA. The beta subunit provides nucleotide specificity of the enzyme and binds the substrate succinate, while the binding sites for coenzyme A and phosphate are found in the alpha subunit. (385 aa) | ||||
rpe | Ribulose-5-phosphate 3-epimerase; Catalyzes the reversible epimerization of D-ribulose 5- phosphate to D-xylulose 5-phosphate; Belongs to the ribulose-phosphate 3-epimerase family. (217 aa) | ||||
pyrK | Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (electron transfer subunit); Responsible for channeling the electrons from the oxidation of dihydroorotate from the FMN redox center in the PyrD subunit to the ultimate electron acceptor NAD(+); Belongs to the PyrK family. (256 aa) | ||||
ctaF | Cytochrome caa3 oxidase (subunit IV); Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the cytochrome c oxidase bacterial subunit 4 family. (110 aa) | ||||
ctaE | Cytochrome caa3 oxidase (subunit III); Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 3 family. (207 aa) | ||||
ctaD | Cytochrome caa3 oxidase (subunit I); Cytochrome c oxidase is the component of the respiratory chain that catalyzes the reduction of oxygen to water. Subunits 1-3 form the functional core of the enzyme complex. Co I is the catalytic subunit of the enzyme. Electrons originating in cytochrome c are transferred via the copper A center of subunit 2 and heme a of subunit 1 to the bimetallic center formed by heme a3 and copper B. This cytochrome c oxidase shows proton pump activity across the membrane in addition to the electron transfer. (622 aa) | ||||
ctaC | Cytochrome caa3 oxidase (subunit II); Subunits I and II form the functional core of the enzyme complex. Electrons originating in cytochrome c are transferred via heme a and Cu(A) to the binuclear center formed by heme a3 and Cu(B). (356 aa) | ||||
pdhD | Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase; Catalyzes the oxidation of dihydrolipoamide to lipoamide; Belongs to the class-I pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family. (470 aa) | ||||
pdhC | Pyruvate dehydrogenase (dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase E2 subunit); The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of three enzymatic components: pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase (E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (E3). (442 aa) | ||||
pdhB | Pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1 beta subunit); The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of three enzymatic components: pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase (E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (E3). (325 aa) | ||||
pdhA | Pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1 alpha subunit); The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of three enzymatic components: pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase (E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (E3). (371 aa) | ||||
ykuP | Short-chain flavodoxin; Low-potential electron donor to a number of redox enzymes. Belongs to the flavodoxin family. (151 aa) | ||||
pgl | 6-phosphogluconolactonase; Catalyzes the hydrolysis of 6-phosphogluconolactone to 6- phosphogluconate. (349 aa) | ||||
yisS | Putative myo-inositol 2-dehydrogenase; Catalyzes the reversible NAD(+)-dependent oxidation of scyllo-inositol (SI) to 2,4,6/3,5-pentahydroxycyclohexanone (scyllo- inosose or SIS). Is required for SI catabolism that allows B.subtilis to utilize SI as the sole carbon source for growth. Cannot use NADP(+) instead of NAD(+); Belongs to the Gfo/Idh/MocA family. (342 aa) | ||||
citA | Citrate synthase I; Might regulate the synthesis and function of enzymes involved in later enzymatic steps of Krebs cycle. Loss in activity results in sporulation defect; Belongs to the citrate synthase family. (366 aa) | ||||
acoL | Acetoin dehydrogenase E3 component (dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase); Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the class-I pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family. (458 aa) | ||||
ydeQ | Putative NAD(P)H oxidoreductase; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; Product type pe: putative enzyme; Belongs to the NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone) family. (197 aa) | ||||
ldh | L-lactate dehydrogenase; Catalyzes the conversion of lactate to pyruvate. (321 aa) | ||||
ndhF | Putative NADH dehydrogenase; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; putative enzyme; Belongs to the complex I subunit 5 family. (505 aa) |