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| | fadB | enoyl-CoA hydratase; Involved in the degradation of long-chain fatty acids. (258 aa) |
| | ydhD | Spore cortex lytic enzyme; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type cp: cell process; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 18 family. Chitinase class II subfamily. (420 aa) |
| | ydeA | Putative enzyme; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; Product type pe: putative enzyme; Belongs to the peptidase C56 family. (197 aa) |
| | yddK | Conserved hypothetical protein; Evidence 4: Homologs of previously reported genes of unknown function. (266 aa) |
| | ndoA | Endoribonuclease toxin; Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) system. Specific for 5'-UACAU-3' sequences, cleaving after the first U. Yields cleavage products with 3' phosphate and 5' hydroxyl groups. Cannot digest substrate with a UUdUACAUAA cleavage site. Overexpression is toxic for cell growth (shown in E.coli), probably by inhibiting protein synthesis through the cleavage of single-stranded RNA. The toxicity is reversed by the antitoxin EndoAI. Toxin activity cannot be inhibited by MazE from E.coli. The EndoA-EndoAI complex does not seem to bind its own promoter. (116 aa) |
| | cshA | ATP-dependent RNA helicase; The most abundant DEAD-box RNA helicase. An ATP-dependent RNA helicase with RNA-dependent ATPase activity. May work in conjunction with the cold shock proteins to ensure proper initiation of transcription at low and optimal temperatures. In vitro, unwinds dsRNA in both 5'- and 3'- directions. Plays a role in ribosomal 50S subunit assembly. Its deletion leads to changes in mRNA levels for over 200 transcripts. (494 aa) |
| | ydaJ | Putative glycosyl hydrolase lipoprotein; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; Product type lp: lipoprotein. (362 aa) |
| | lipC | Spore coat phospholipase B; Lipase involved in spore germination. Belongs to the 'GDSL' lipolytic enzyme family. (213 aa) |
| | mtlD | Mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme. (373 aa) |
| | gabD | Succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase; Catalyzes the NADP(+) dependent oxidation of succinate semialdehyde to succinate. (462 aa) |
| | gabT | 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the class-III pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. (436 aa) |
| | bglC | Aryl-phospho-beta-d-glucosidase; Is able to catalyze the hydrolysis of aryl-phospho-beta-D- glucosides such as 4-methylumbelliferyl-phospho-beta-D-glucopyranoside (MUG-P), phosphoarbutin and phosphosalicin. Is not essential for growth on arbutin and salicin as the sole carbon source. Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 1 family. (477 aa) |
| | putC | 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase; Important for the use of proline as a sole carbon and energy source or a sole nitrogen source. (515 aa) |
| | putB | Proline oxidase; Converts proline to delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate. Important for the use of proline as a sole carbon and energy source or a sole nitrogen source. (303 aa) |
| | cah | Promiscuous acetyl xylan esterase-cephalosporin C deacetylase; Esterase that removed acetyl groups from a number of O- acetylated small substrates, such as acetylated xylose, short xylooligosaccharides and cephalosporin C. Has no activity towards polymeric acetylated xylan. Cannot cleave amide linkages. Belongs to the carbohydrate esterase 7 family. (318 aa) |
| | ldh | L-lactate dehydrogenase; Catalyzes the conversion of lactate to pyruvate. (321 aa) |
| | ycdG | Putative oligo-carbohydrate hydrolase; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; putative enzyme. (561 aa) |
| | estA | Secreted alkaliphilic lipase; Active toward p-nitrophenyl esters and triacylglycerides with a marked preference for esters with C8 acyl groups. Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. (212 aa) |
| | ansZ | L-asparaginase 2 (putative lipoprotein); Catalyzes the conversion of L-asparagine to L-aspartate and ammonium. (375 aa) |
| | garD | D-galactarate dehydratase; Catalyzes the dehydration of galactarate to form 5-dehydro-4- deoxy-D-glucarate. (510 aa) |
| | gudD | Glucarate dehydratase; Catalyzes the dehydration of glucarate to 5-keto-4-deoxy-D- glucarate (5-kdGluc); Belongs to the mandelate racemase/muconate lactonizing enzyme family. GlucD subfamily. (455 aa) |
| | ycbC | 5-dehydro-4-deoxyglucarate dehydratase; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the DapA family. (308 aa) |
| | glsA | Glutaminase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme. (327 aa) |
| | nagBB | Glucosamine-6-phosphate isomerase; Catalyzes the reversible isomerization-deamination of glucosamine 6-phosphate (GlcN6P) to form fructose 6-phosphate (Fru6P) and ammonium ion; Belongs to the glucosamine/galactosamine-6-phosphate isomerase family. NagB subfamily. (249 aa) |
| | murQ | D-lactyl ether N-acetylmuramic-6-phosphate acid etherase; Specifically catalyzes the cleavage of the D-lactyl ether substituent of MurNAc 6-phosphate, producing GlcNAc 6-phosphate and D- lactate. (304 aa) |
| | cwlD | N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase; Cleaves the peptide side chain from the N-acetylmuramic acid residues in peptidoglycan. This is a step in the formation of muramic delta-lactam residues in spore cortex. (237 aa) |
| | cysE | Serine acetyltransferase; Catalyzes the acetylation of serine by acetyl-CoA to produce O-acetylserine (OAS). (217 aa) |
| | cysK | Cysteine synthase; Catalyzes the conversion of O-acetylserine to cysteine. Also acts as a sensor of cysteine availability in the signal transduction pathway modulating CymR activity. When cysteine is present, the pool of O-acetylserine (OAS) is low, which leads to the formation of a CymR- CysK complex and transcriptional repression of the CymR regulon occurs. In the absence of cysteine, the OAS pool is high and the CymR-CysK complex is mostly dissociated, leading to a faster dissociation of CymR from its DNA targets and the lifting of CymR-dependent repression. (308 aa) |
| | ftsH | Cell-division protein and general stress protein (class III heat-shock); Acts as a processive, ATP-dependent zinc metallopeptidase for both cytoplasmic and membrane proteins. Plays a role in the quality control of integral membrane proteins; In the central section; belongs to the AAA ATPase family. (637 aa) |
| | yabN | Putative fusion methylase and nucleotide pyrophosphohydrolase; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; putative enzyme. (489 aa) |
| | yabJ | Aminoacrylate/iminopropionate hydrolase/deaminase; Accelerates the release of ammonia from reactive enamine/imine intermediates of the PLP-dependent threonine dehydratase (IlvA) in the low water environment of the cell. It catalyzes the deamination of enamine/imine intermediates to yield 2-ketobutyrate and ammonia. It is required for the detoxification of reactive intermediates of IlvA due to their highly nucleophilic abilities. Involved in the isoleucine biosynthesis. May have a role in the purine metabolism; Belongs to the RutC family. (125 aa) |
| | pdxT | Glutamine amidotransferase for pyridoxal phosphate synthesis; Catalyzes the hydrolysis of glutamine to glutamate and ammonia as part of the biosynthesis of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. The resulting ammonia molecule is channeled to the active site of PdxS. (196 aa) |
| | yjmD | Putative oxidoreductase; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; Product type pe: putative enzyme. (339 aa) |
| | uxuA | D-mannonate dehydratase; Catalyzes the dehydration of D-mannonate; Belongs to the mannonate dehydratase family. (359 aa) |
| | uxaB | Tagaturonate reductase (altronate oxidoreductase); Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the mannitol dehydrogenase family. UxaB subfamily. (480 aa) |
| | uxaA | Altronate hydrolase; Catalyzes the dehydration of D-altronate; Belongs to the UxaA family. (497 aa) |
| | xlyB | N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase; Autolysins are involved in some important biological processes such as cell separation, cell-wall turnover, competence for genetic transformation, formation of the flagella and sporulation. (317 aa) |
| | xlyA | Bacteriophage PBSX N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase; Autolysins are involved in some important biological processes such as cell separation, cell-wall turnover, competence for genetic transformation, formation of the flagella and sporulation. (297 aa) |
| | ldcA | Muropeptide L,D-carboxypeptidase; May be involved in the degradation of peptidoglycan by catalyzing the cleavage of the terminal D-alanine residue from cytoplasmic murein peptides; Belongs to the peptidase S66 family. (319 aa) |
| | ykfB | L-Ala-D/L-Glu epimerase; Catalyzes the epimerization of L-Ala-D-Glu to L-Ala-L-Glu and has probably a role in the metabolism of the murein peptide, of which L-Ala-D-Glu is a component. Is also able to catalyze the reverse reaction and the epimerization of the other Ala-X dipeptides L-Ala-L- Asp, L-Ala-L-Leu, L-Ala-L-Met, and L-Ala-L-Ser. Is not able to epimerize other L-Ala-X dipeptides. Is also active with L-Ser-L-Glu and, oddly, L-Pro-L-Glu, but not with L-Glu-L-Glu, L-Lys-L-Glu, L-Lys- L-Ala, or D-Ala-D-Ala. (366 aa) |
| | ykfC | gamma-D-glutamyl-L-diaminoacid endopeptidase; Specifically hydrolyzes gamma-D-glutamyl-L-lysine bonds in murein peptides, releasing L-Ala-D-Glu. (296 aa) |
| | ykgA | Putative aminohydrolase; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; Product type pe: putative enzyme; Belongs to the DDAH family. (286 aa) |
| | guaD | Guanine deaminase; Catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of guanine, producing xanthine and ammonia. (156 aa) |
| | ykvQ | Putative sporulation-specific glycosylase; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; putative enzyme; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 18 family. (232 aa) |
| | ykwC | Putative beta-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; Product type pe: putative enzyme; Belongs to the HIBADH-related family. (288 aa) |
| | fadH | Putative 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase; Auxiliary enzyme of beta-oxidation. It participates in the metabolism of unsaturated fatty enoyl-CoA esters having double bonds in both even- and odd-numbered positions. Catalyzes the NADP-dependent reduction of 2,4-dienoyl-CoA to yield trans-3-enoyl-CoA (By similarity); Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family. 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase subfamily. (254 aa) |
| | adeC | Adenine deaminase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. Adenine deaminase family. (577 aa) |
| | pdhA | Pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1 alpha subunit); The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of three enzymatic components: pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase (E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (E3). (371 aa) |
| | pdhB | Pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1 beta subunit); The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of three enzymatic components: pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase (E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (E3). (325 aa) |
| | pdhC | Pyruvate dehydrogenase (dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase E2 subunit); The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of three enzymatic components: pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase (E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (E3). (442 aa) |
| | pdhD | Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase; Catalyzes the oxidation of dihydrolipoamide to lipoamide; Belongs to the class-I pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family. (470 aa) |
| | suhB | Inositol monophosphatase; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the inositol monophosphatase superfamily. (265 aa) |
| | glsB | Glutaminase; Evidence 2b: Function of strongly homologous gene; Product type e: enzyme. (309 aa) |
| | ylbK | Putative hydrolase; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; Product type pe: putative enzyme; Belongs to the NTE family. (260 aa) |
| | ylbL | Putative degradative enzyme; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; Product type pe: putative enzyme. (341 aa) |
| | coaBC | Coenzyme A biosynthesis bifunctional protein CoaBC; Catalyzes two sequential steps in the biosynthesis of coenzyme A. In the first step cysteine is conjugated to 4'- phosphopantothenate to form 4-phosphopantothenoylcysteine. In the second step the latter compound is decarboxylated to form 4'- phosphopantotheine; In the C-terminal section; belongs to the PPC synthetase family. (406 aa) |
| | rpe | Ribulose-5-phosphate 3-epimerase; Catalyzes the reversible epimerization of D-ribulose 5- phosphate to D-xylulose 5-phosphate; Belongs to the ribulose-phosphate 3-epimerase family. (217 aa) |
| | rnhB | Ribonuclease HII; Endonuclease that specifically degrades the RNA of RNA-DNA hybrids; Belongs to the RNase HII family. (255 aa) |
| | clpQ | Two-component ATP-dependent protease (N-terminal serine protease); Protease subunit of a proteasome-like degradation complex. Belongs to the peptidase T1B family. HslV subfamily. (181 aa) |
| | clpY | Two-component ATP-dependent protease (ATPase and chaperone); ATPase subunit of a proteasome-like degradation complex; this subunit has chaperone activity; Belongs to the ClpX chaperone family. HslU subfamily. (467 aa) |
| | pnpA | Polynucleotide phosphorylase (PNPase); Involved in mRNA degradation. Catalyzes the phosphorolysis of single-stranded polyribonucleotides processively in the 3'- to 5'- direction. Necessary for competence development in Bacillus subtilis. May be necessary for modification of the srfA transcript (stabilization or translation activation). (705 aa) |
| | rny | Endoribonuclease Y; Endoribonuclease that initiates mRNA decay. Initiates the decay of all SAM-dependent riboswitches, such as yitJ riboswitch. Involved in processing of the gapA operon mRNA, it cleaves between cggR and gapA. Is also the decay-initiating endonuclease for rpsO mRNA. Belongs to the RNase Y family. (520 aa) |
| | tdh | Threonine 3-dehydrogenase; Catalyzes the NAD(+)-dependent oxidation of L-threonine to 2- amino-3-ketobutyrate; Belongs to the zinc-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family. (347 aa) |
| | pksI | Decarboxylase involved in polyketide synthesis; Involved in some intermediate steps for the synthesis of the antibiotic polyketide bacillaene which is involved in secondary metabolism. May have a role in the decarboxylation of the (S)-3- methylglutaryl group attached to PksL. (249 aa) |
| | cwlC | N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase; Autolysins are involved in some important biological processes such as cell separation, cell-wall turnover, competence for genetic transformation, formation of the flagella - in particular of its basal body - and sporulation. CwlC is able to hydrolyze type A cell walls such as B.subtilis. Its main function is to lyze the mother cell wall peptidoglycan, playing a role during sporulation. Belongs to the N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase 3 family. (255 aa) |
| | xynB | Xylan beta-1,4-xylosidase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; enzyme; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 43 family. (533 aa) |
| | xylA | Xylose isomerase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the xylose isomerase family. (445 aa) |
| | xylB | Xylulose kinase; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-xylulose to D-xylulose 5- phosphate; Belongs to the FGGY kinase family. (499 aa) |
| | yncF | Deoxyuridine 5'-triphosphate pyrophosphatase; This enzyme is involved in nucleotide metabolism: it produces dUMP, the immediate precursor of thymidine nucleotides and it decreases the intracellular concentration of dUTP so that uracil cannot be incorporated into DNA. (144 aa) |
| | eglS | Endo-1,4-beta-glucanase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme. (499 aa) |
| | xynC | Endo-xylanase; Catalyzes the depolymerization of methylglucuronoxylan (MeGAXn) from different sources. It cleaves the beta-1,4-xylosidic bond penultimate to that linking carbon one of the xylose residue substituted with alpha-1,2-linked 4-O-methyl-D-glucuronate (MeGA). Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 30 family. (422 aa) |
| | xynD | Arabinoxylan arabinofuranohydrolase; Cleaves arabinose units from O-2- or O-3-monosubstituted xylose residues, thereby assisting in arabinoxylan (AX) and short-chain arabinoxylo-oligosaccharide (AXOS) degradation. Is more active on wheat bran AXOS than on wheat water-extractable AX and rye water-extractable AX. Does not display endoxylanase, xylosidase or arabinanase activity. (513 aa) |
| | yngE | Putative methylcrotonoyl-CoA carboxylase; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; putative enzyme; Belongs to the AccD/PCCB family. (511 aa) |
| | yngF | Putative Methylglutaconyl-CoA hydratase; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; putative enzyme; Belongs to the enoyl-CoA hydratase/isomerase family. (260 aa) |
| | yngG | Putative hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA lyase; Involved in the catabolism of branched amino acids such as leucine; Belongs to the HMG-CoA lyase family. (299 aa) |
| | yngJ | acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, short-chain specific; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family. (380 aa) |
| | galM | Aldose 1-epimerase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the aldose epimerase family. (325 aa) |
| | ggt | Membrane bound gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase; Cleaves the gamma-glutamyl bond of extracellular glutathione (gamma-Glu-Cys-Gly), glutathione conjugates, and other gamma-glutamyl compounds. The metabolism of glutathione releases free glutamate and the dipeptide cysteinyl-glycine, which is hydrolyzed to cysteine and glycine by dipeptidases; Belongs to the gamma-glutamyltransferase family. (587 aa) |
| | yoaI | Putative 4-hydroxyphenylacetate-3-hydroxylase; Catalyzes the hydroxylation of 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (4HPA), leading to the production of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DHPA). (483 aa) |
| | yoaZ | Putative factor of the oxidative stress response; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; putative factor; Belongs to the peptidase C56 family. (210 aa) |
| | penP | Beta-lactamase precursor; This protein is a beta-lactamase with a substrate specificity for penicillins. (306 aa) |
| | xynA | Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 11 (cellulase G) family. (213 aa) |
| | yobN | Putative amine oxidase; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; Product type pe: putative enzyme; Belongs to the flavin monoamine oxidase family. FIG1 subfamily. (478 aa) |
| | yocA | Putative transposon-related lytic enzyme; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; Product type h: extrachromosomal origin. (225 aa) |
| | odhB | 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (dihydrolipoamide transsuccinylase, E2 subunit); E2 component of the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (OGDH) complex which catalyzes the second step in the conversion of 2- oxoglutarate to succinyl-CoA and CO(2). (417 aa) |
| | odhA | 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (E1 subunit); E1 component of the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (OGDH) complex which catalyzes the decarboxylation of 2-oxoglutarate, the first step in the conversion of 2-oxoglutarate to succinyl-CoA and CO(2). (944 aa) |
| | deoD | Purine nucleoside phosphorylase; Cleavage of adenosine and its derivatives; Belongs to the PNP/UDP phosphorylase family. (233 aa) |
| | kamA | Lysine 2,3-aminomutase; Catalyzes the interconversion of L-alpha-lysine and L-beta- lysine; Belongs to the radical SAM superfamily. KamA family. (471 aa) |
| | yosS | SPbeta phage deoxyuridine 5'-triphosphate nucleotidohydrolase; This enzyme is involved in nucleotide metabolism: it produces dUMP, the immediate precursor of thymidine nucleotides and it decreases the intracellular concentration of dUTP so that uracil cannot be incorporated into DNA; Belongs to the dUTPase family. (142 aa) |
| | yorS | Conserved hypothetical protein; Dephosphorylates nucleoside monophosphates such as the 5' and 2'(3')-phosphates of deoxyribonucleotides in vitro. Also catalyzes the dephosphorylation of coenzyme A (CoA), pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP), riboflavine-5-phosphate (FMN) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) in vitro; Belongs to the 5'(3')-deoxyribonucleotidase family. (172 aa) |
| | blyA | Bacteriophage SPbeta N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase; Autolysins are involved in some important biological processes such as cell separation, cell-wall turnover, competence for genetic transformation, formation of the flagella and sporulation. Involved in prophage SP-beta-mediated cell lysis. (367 aa) |
| | ilvA | Threonine dehydratase; Catalyzes the anaerobic formation of alpha-ketobutyrate and ammonia from threonine in a two-step reaction. The first step involved a dehydration of threonine and a production of enamine intermediates (aminocrotonate), which tautomerizes to its imine form (iminobutyrate). Both intermediates are unstable and short-lived. The second step is the nonenzymatic hydrolysis of the enamine/imine intermediates to form 2- ketobutyrate and free ammonia. In the low water environment of the cell, the second step is accelerated by RidA (By similarity). (422 aa) |
| | kduI | 4-deoxy-L-threo-5-hexosulose-uronate ketol-isomerase, 5-keto-4-deoxyuronate isomerase; Catalyzes the isomerization of 5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D- glucuronate to 3-deoxy-D-glycero-2,5-hexodiulosonate. (275 aa) |
| | kduD | 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate oxidoreductase; Catalyzes the reduction of 2,5-diketo-3-deoxygluconate (DKII or 4,6-dihydroxy-2,5-dioxohexanoate) into 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate (KDG or 2-dehydro-3-deoxygluconate) with a concomitant oxidation of NADH. Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family. (254 aa) |
| | gpsA | NAD(P)H-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; Involved in the biosynthesis of the sn-glycerol 3-phosphate required for phospholipid synthesis. (345 aa) |
| | gudB | Cryptic glutamate dehydrogenase; GudB seems to be intrinsically inactive, however spontaneous mutations removing a 9-bp direct repeat within the wild-type gudB sequence activated the GudB protein and allowed more-efficient utilization of amino acids of the glutamate family. This insertion presumably causes severe destabilization of the fold of the protein, leading to an inactive enzyme that is very quickly degraded. The cryptic GudB serves as a buffer that may compensate for mutations in the rocG gene and that can also be decryptified for the utilization of glutamate as a single carbon [...] (427 aa) |
| | drm | Phosphopentomutase; Phosphotransfer between the C1 and C5 carbon atoms of pentose; Belongs to the phosphopentomutase family. (394 aa) |
| | dsdA | D-serine ammonia-lyase; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the serine/threonine dehydratase family. DsdA subfamily. (448 aa) |
| | gndA | NADP+-dependent 6-P-gluconate dehydrogenase; Catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of 6-phosphogluconate to ribulose 5-phosphate and CO(2), with concomitant reduction of NADP to NADPH. Is the predominant 6-P-gluconate dehydrogenase isoenzyme in B.subtilis during growth on glucose and gluconate. (469 aa) |
| | bkdB | Branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase E2 subunit (lipoamide acyltransferase); The branched-chain alpha-keto dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of alpha-keto acids to acyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of three enzymatic components: branched-chain alpha-keto acid decarboxylase (E1), lipoamide acyltransferase (E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (E3). (424 aa) |
| | bkdAB | Branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase E1 subunit; The branched-chain alpha-keto dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of alpha-keto acids to acyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of three enzymatic components: branched-chain alpha-keto acid decarboxylase (E1), lipoamide acyltransferase (E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (E3). (327 aa) |
| | bkdAA | Branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase E1 subunit; The branched-chain alpha-keto dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of alpha-keto acids to acyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of three enzymatic components: branched-chain alpha-keto acid decarboxylase (E1), lipoamide acyltransferase (E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (E3); Belongs to the BCKDHA family. (330 aa) |
| | lpdV | Branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase E3 subunit (dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase); The branched-chain alpha-keto dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of alpha-keto acids to acyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of 3 enzymatic components: branched-chain alpha-keto acid decarboxylase (E1), lipoamide acyltransferase (E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (E3); Belongs to the class-I pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family. (474 aa) |
| | bcd | Branched-chain amino acid dehydrogenase; Catalyzes the reversible deamination of L-leucine to 4- methyl-2-oxopentanoate. (364 aa) |
| | mmgF | 2-methylisocitrate lyase; Involved in the methylcitric acid cycle. Catalyzes the cleavage of 2-methylisocitrate to yield pyruvate and succinate. (301 aa) |
| | mmgC | Short chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family. (379 aa) |
| | mmgA | Degradative acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. Thiolase family. (393 aa) |
| | yqiI | Putative N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; Product type pe: putative enzyme; Belongs to the N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase 3 family. (206 aa) |
| | ahrC | Transcriptional regulator; Represses the synthesis of biosynthetic enzymes and activates the arginine catabolism. Controls the transcription of the two operons rocABC and rocDEF. (149 aa) |
| | xseB | Exodeoxyribonuclease VII (small subunit); Bidirectionally degrades single-stranded DNA into large acid- insoluble oligonucleotides, which are then degraded further into small acid-soluble oligonucleotides; Belongs to the XseB family. (84 aa) |
| | xseA | Exodeoxyribonuclease VII (large subunit); Bidirectionally degrades single-stranded DNA into large acid- insoluble oligonucleotides, which are then degraded further into small acid-soluble oligonucleotides; Belongs to the XseA family. (448 aa) |
| | aroQ | 3-dehydroquinate dehydratase, type II; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type e: enzyme. (148 aa) |
| | yqhO | Conserved hypothetical protein; Probable lipid hydrolase. (291 aa) |
| | gcvPB | Glycine decarboxylase (subunit 2) (glycine cleavage system protein P); The glycine cleavage system catalyzes the degradation of glycine. The P protein binds the alpha-amino group of glycine through its pyridoxal phosphate cofactor; CO(2) is released and the remaining methylamine moiety is then transferred to the lipoamide cofactor of the H protein (By similarity); Belongs to the GcvP family. C-terminal subunit subfamily. (488 aa) |
| | gcvPA | Glycine decarboxylase (subunit 1) (glycine cleavage system protein P); The glycine cleavage system catalyzes the degradation of glycine. The P protein binds the alpha-amino group of glycine through its pyridoxal phosphate cofactor; CO(2) is released and the remaining methylamine moiety is then transferred to the lipoamide cofactor of the H protein (By similarity). (448 aa) |
| | gcvT | Aminomethyltransferase (glycine cleavage system protein T); The glycine cleavage system catalyzes the degradation of glycine. (362 aa) |
| | glcK | Glucose kinase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the ROK (NagC/XylR) family. (321 aa) |
| | cshB | ATP-dependent RNA helicase; DEAD-box RNA helicase that plays a role in 70S ribosome assembly. May work in conjunction with the cold shock proteins to ensure proper initiation of transcription at low and optimal temperatures. (438 aa) |
| | cdd | Cytidine/deoxycytidine deaminase; This enzyme scavenges exogenous and endogenous cytidine and 2'-deoxycytidine for UMP synthesis. (136 aa) |
| | cwlH | N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase; Autolysins are involved in some important biological processes such as cell separation, cell-wall turnover, competence for genetic transformation, formation of the flagella and sporulation. Could play a role in mother cell lysis with CwlC; Belongs to the N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase 2 family. (250 aa) |
| | yqeC | Putative hydroxyacid dehydrogenase; May act as NAD-dependent 6-P-gluconate dehydrogenase. (297 aa) |
| | cwlA | N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase; Autolysins are involved in some important biological processes such as cell separation, cell-wall turnover, competence for genetic transformation, formation of the flagella and sporulation; Belongs to the N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase 2 family. (272 aa) |
| | bltD | Spermine/spermidine acetyltransferase; Acetylates both spermidine and spermine at primary propyl amine moieties, with spermine being the preferred substrate. (152 aa) |
| | sacC | Levanase; Exo-fructosidase that can hydrolyze both levan and inulin, leading to the production of free fructose. Is also able to hydrolyze sucrose and to a small extent raffinose, but not melezitose, stachylose, cellobiose, maltose, and lactose. (677 aa) |
| | mccB | Cystathionine gamma-lyase and homocysteine gamma-lyase for reverse transsulfuration pathway; Catalyzes the conversion of cystathionine to cysteine, and homocysteine to sulfide. (379 aa) |
| | mtnN | Methylthioadenosine / S-adenosylhomocysteine nucleosidase; Catalyzes the irreversible cleavage of the glycosidic bond in both 5'-methylthioadenosine (MTA) and S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH/AdoHcy) to adenine and the corresponding thioribose, 5'- methylthioribose and S-ribosylhomocysteine, respectively. Belongs to the PNP/UDP phosphorylase family. MtnN subfamily. (231 aa) |
| | yrvJ | Putative N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase, family 3; Probably involved in cell-wall metabolism. (518 aa) |
| | dtd | D-Tyr-tRNATyr deacylase; A non-functional D-aminoacyl-tRNA deacylase. (132 aa) |
| | nadC | Nicotinate-nucleotide pyrophosphorylase; Involved in the catabolism of quinolinic acid (QA). (289 aa) |
| | lonA | Class III heat-shock ATP-dependent LonA protease; ATP-dependent serine protease that mediates the selective degradation of mutant and abnormal proteins as well as certain short- lived regulatory proteins. Required for cellular homeostasis and for survival from DNA damage and developmental changes induced by stress. Degrades polypeptides processively to yield small peptide fragments that are 5 to 10 amino acids long. Binds to DNA in a double-stranded, site-specific manner (By similarity). Has been implicated in preventing sigma(G) activity under non-sporulation conditions. (774 aa) |
| | lonB | LonB ATP-dependent protease; ATP-dependent serine protease that mediates the selective degradation of mutant and abnormal proteins as well as certain short- lived regulatory proteins. Required for cellular homeostasis and for survival from DNA damage and developmental changes induced by stress. Degrades polypeptides processively to yield small peptide fragments that are 5 to 10 amino acids long. Binds to DNA in a double-stranded, site-specific manner (By similarity); Belongs to the peptidase S16 family. (552 aa) |
| | clpX | Protein unfolding ATPase required for presentation of proteins to proteases; ATP-dependent specificity component of the Clp protease. It directs the protease to specific substrates. Can perform chaperone functions in the absence of ClpP (By similarity). Probably the major protease that degrades proteins tagged by trans-translation. (420 aa) |
| | rdgB | Inosine/xanthosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase (subunit A); Pyrophosphatase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of nucleoside triphosphates to their monophosphate derivatives, with a high preference for the non-canonical purine nucleotides XTP (xanthosine triphosphate), dITP (deoxyinosine triphosphate) and ITP. Seems to function as a house-cleaning enzyme that removes non-canonical purine nucleotides from the nucleotide pool, thus preventing their incorporation into DNA/RNA and avoiding chromosomal lesions. Belongs to the HAM1 NTPase family. (198 aa) |
| | rph | Ribonuclease PH; Phosphorolytic 3'-5' exoribonuclease that plays an important role in tRNA 3'-end maturation. Removes nucleotide residues following the 3'-CCA terminus of tRNAs; can also add nucleotides to the ends of RNA molecules by using nucleoside diphosphates as substrates, but this may not be physiologically important. Probably plays a role in initiation of 16S rRNA degradation (leading to ribosome degradation) during starvation. Plays a role in the secondary pathway of 23S rRNA 3' end maturation. (245 aa) |
| | xsa | alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase; Involved in the degradation of arabinan and is a key enzyme in the complete degradation of the plant cell wall. Catalyzes the cleavage of terminal alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl residues in different hemicellulosic homopolysaccharides (branched and debranched arabinans) and heteropolysaccharides (arabinoxylans). It is able to hydrolyze the alpha-(1->5)-glycosidic linkages of linear alpha-(1->5)-L-arabinan (debranched), sugar beet arabinan (branched) and wheat arabinoxylan. Moreover, it displays higher activity towards branched arabinan, a molecule comprising a ba [...] (495 aa) |
| | etfA | Electron transfer flavoprotein (alpha subunit); The electron transfer flavoprotein serves as a specific electron acceptor for other dehydrogenases. It transfers the electrons to the main respiratory chain via ETF-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (ETF dehydrogenase) (By similarity). (325 aa) |
| | ydhJ | Putative metal-dependent phosphohydrolase; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; Product type pe: putative enzyme. (325 aa) |
| | fadR | Transcriptional regulator of fatty acids degradation (TetR/AcrR family); Transcriptional regulator in fatty acid degradation. Represses transcription of genes required for fatty acid transport and beta-oxidation, including acdA, fadA, fadB, fadE, fadF, fadG, fadH, fadM, fadN, lcfA and lcfB. Binding of FadR to DNA is specifically inhibited by long chain fatty acyl-CoA compounds of 14-20 carbon atoms in length. (194 aa) |
| | rnhC | Ribonuclease HIII; Endonuclease that specifically degrades the RNA of RNA-DNA hybrids; Belongs to the RNase HII family. RnhC subfamily. (313 aa) |
| | abfA | alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase; Involved in the degradation of arabinan and is a key enzyme in the complete degradation of the plant cell wall. Catalyzes the cleavage of terminal alpha-(1->5)-arabinofuranosyl bonds in different hemicellulosic homopolysaccharides (branched and debranched arabinans). It acts preferentially on arabinotriose, arabinobiose and linear alpha- (1->5)-L-arabinan, and is much less effective on branched sugar beet arabinan; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 51 family. (500 aa) |
| | araD | L-ribulose-5-phosphate 4-epimerase; Involved in the degradation of L-arabinose. Catalyzes the interconversion of L-ribulose 5-phosphate (LRu5P) and D-xylulose 5- phosphate (D-Xu5P) via a retroaldol/aldol mechanism (carbon-carbon bond cleavage analogous to a class II aldolase reaction). (229 aa) |
| | araB | L-ribulokinase; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the ribulokinase family. (560 aa) |
| | araA | L-arabinose isomerase; Catalyzes the conversion of L-arabinose to L-ribulose. (496 aa) |
| | abnA | Arabinan-endo 1,5-alpha-L-arabinase; Involved in the degradation of arabinan and is a key enzyme in the complete degradation of the plant cell wall. Catalyzes the internal cleavage of alpha-(1->5)-L-arabinofuranosyl residues of linear 1,5-alpha-L-arabinan and of branched sugar beet arabinan. It displays no activity against heavily substituted arabinans or a range of other polysaccharides (larch wood arabinogalactan, wheat arabinoxylan and p- nitrophenyl-alpha-L-arabinofuranoside). The enzyme activity is progressively reduced as alpha-(1->5)-chains become shorter or more highly substitu [...] (323 aa) |
| | pyk | Pyruvate kinase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; In the C-terminal section; belongs to the PEP-utilizing enzyme family. (585 aa) |
| | pfkA | 6-phosphofructokinase; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by ATP, the first committing step of glycolysis; Belongs to the phosphofructokinase type A (PFKA) family. ATP-dependent PFK group I subfamily. Prokaryotic clade 'B1' sub- subfamily. (319 aa) |
| | acuA | Protein acetyltransferase; Part of the acuABC operon, which is possibly involved in the breakdown of acetoin and butanediol. Acts as an acetyltransferase inactivating acetyl-CoA synthetase AcsA via acetylation at a Lys residue. (210 aa) |
| | acuB | Component of the acetoin degradation regulation pathway; Role in growth and sporulation on acetoin or butanediol. Involved in the breakdown of these compounds used as a carbon source. (214 aa) |
| | acuC | Protein deacetylase; Role in growth and sporulation on acetoin or butanediol. Involved in the breakdown of these compounds used as a carbon source; Belongs to the histone deacetylase family. (387 aa) |
| | yteR | Unsaturated rhamnogalacturonyl hydrolase; Catalyzes the hydrolysis of unsaturated rhamnogalacturonan disaccharide to yield unsaturated D-galacturonic acid and L-rhamnose. It cannot act on unsaturated glucuronyl hydrolase (UGL) substrates containing unsaturated D-glucuronic acid at the non-reducing terminus, although the active pockets of YesR and UGL are very similar. (373 aa) |
| | glgP | Glycogen phosphorylase; Phosphorylase is an important allosteric enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism. Enzymes from different sources differ in their regulatory mechanisms and in their natural substrates. However, all known phosphorylases share catalytic and structural properties. (798 aa) |
| | rhaA | L-rhamnose isomerase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the rhamnose isomerase family. (424 aa) |
| | rhaU | L-rhamnose mutarotase; Involved in the anomeric conversion of L-rhamnose. (104 aa) |
| | rhaB | Rhamnulokinase; Involved in the catabolism of L-rhamnose (6-deoxy-L-mannose). Catalyzes the transfer of the gamma-phosphate group from ATP to the 1- hydroxyl group of L-rhamnulose to yield L-rhamnulose 1-phosphate. Belongs to the rhamnulokinase family. (485 aa) |
| | yugT | Putative oligo-1,6-glucosidase; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; putative enzyme; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 13 family. (554 aa) |
| | pgi | Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the GPI family. (450 aa) |
| | ald | L-alanine dehydrogenase; Catalyzes the reversible oxidative deamination of L-alanine to pyruvate. This enzyme is a key factor in the assimilation of L- alanine as an energy source through the tricarboxylic acid cycle during sporulation. (378 aa) |
| | yunD | Putative nuclease/nucleotidase/phosphoesterase; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; Product type pe: putative enzyme. (462 aa) |
| | pucH | Allantoinase; Catalyzes the conversion of allantoin (5-ureidohydantoin) to allantoic acid by hydrolytic cleavage of the five-member hydantoin ring. (446 aa) |
| | pucL | Urate oxidase with peroxide reductase N-terminal domain; Catalyzes two steps in the degradation of uric acid, i.e. the oxidation of uric acid to 5-hydroxyisourate (HIU) and the stereoselective decarboxylation of 2-oxo-4-hydroxy-4-carboxy-5- ureidoimidazoline (OHCU) to (S)-allantoin. (494 aa) |
| | pucM | 5-hydroxyisourate hydrolase; Catalyzes the hydrolysis of 5-hydroxyisourate (HIU) to 2-oxo- 4-hydroxy-4-carboxy-5-ureidoimidazoline (OHCU). (114 aa) |
| | pucE | Xanthine dehydrogenase, iron-sulfur subunit; Oxidizes hypoxanthine and xanthine to uric acid. (173 aa) |
| | pucD | Xanthine dehydrogenase, substrate and molybdenum cofactor subunit; Oxidizes hypoxanthine and xanthine to uric acid. Belongs to the xanthine dehydrogenase family. (745 aa) |
| | pucC | Xanthine dehydrogenase, FAD-binding subunit; Oxidizes hypoxanthine and xanthine to uric acid. (277 aa) |
| | pucB | Enzyme for molybdopterin cofactor synthesis required for xanthine dehydrogenase; Required for xanthine dehydrogenase activity. Could be involved in formation of the molybdenum cofactor required by xanthine dehydrogenase. (205 aa) |
| | pucA | Xanthine dehydrogenase molybdopterin recruitment factor; Oxidizes hypoxanthine and xanthine to uric acid. PucA subunit could exert a molybdenum cofactor recruiting function. (330 aa) |
| | pucG | Vitamin B6-dependent (S)-ureidoglycine glyoxylate aminotransferase; Catalyzes the transamination between an unstable intermediate ((S)-ureidoglycine) and the end product of purine catabolism (glyoxylate) to yield oxalurate and glycine. Glyoxylate is the preferred substrate, but other amino-group acceptors can be used. Belongs to the class-V pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. (416 aa) |
| | pucF | Allantoate amidohydrolase; Involved in the anaerobic nitrogen utilization via the assimilation of allantoin. Catalyzes specifically the hydrolysis of allantoate to yield CO2, NH3 and S-ureidoglycine, which is unstable and readily undergoes a second deamination by S- ureidoglycine aminohydrolase AllE to yield S-ureidoglycolate and NH3 (By similarity). (412 aa) |
| | gcvH | Glycine cleavage system protein H; The glycine cleavage system catalyzes the degradation of glycine. The H protein shuttles the methylamine group of glycine from the P protein to the T protein. (127 aa) |
| | fadE | acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (FAD dependent); Involved in the degradation of long-chain fatty acids. (594 aa) |
| | fadA | acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase; Involved in the degradation of long-chain fatty acids; Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. Thiolase family. (391 aa) |
| | fadN | enoyl-CoA hydratase / 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase; Involved in the degradation of long-chain fatty acids; Belongs to the 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase family. (789 aa) |
| | putM | Proline dehydrogenase 1; Converts proline to delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate. (302 aa) |
| | eno | Enolase; Catalyzes the reversible conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate into phosphoenolpyruvate. It is essential for the degradation of carbohydrates via glycolysis; Belongs to the enolase family. (430 aa) |
| | pgm | Phosphoglycerate mutase; Essential for rapid growth and for sporulation. Catalyzes the interconversion of 2-phosphoglycerate and 3-phosphoglycerate. (511 aa) |
| | tpiA | Triose phosphate isomerase; Involved in the gluconeogenesis. Catalyzes stereospecifically the conversion of dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) to D- glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P); Belongs to the triosephosphate isomerase family. (253 aa) |
| | pgk | Phosphoglycerate kinase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the phosphoglycerate kinase family. (394 aa) |
| | gapA | Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; Involved in the glycolysis. Catalyzes the oxidative phosphorylation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) to 1,3- bisphosphoglycerate (BPG) using the cofactor NAD. The first reaction step involves the formation of a hemiacetal intermediate between G3P and a cysteine residue, and this hemiacetal intermediate is then oxidized to a thioester, with concomitant reduction of NAD to NADH. The reduced NADH is then exchanged with the second NAD, and the thioester is attacked by a nucleophilic inorganic phosphate to produce BPG. (335 aa) |
| | ganB | Secreted arabinogalactan oligomer endo-hydrolase; Hydrolyzes the beta-1,4-galactan linkages of arabinogalactan type I, a pectic substance found in plants such as soybeans. (429 aa) |
| | levB | Endolevanase; Catalyzes the degradation of levan mainly into levanbiose (difructose). Is not active on sucrose; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 32 family. (516 aa) |
| | cotR | Spore coat protein assembly factor CotR; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type f: factor. (320 aa) |
| | clpP | ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit; Cleaves peptides in various proteins in a process that requires ATP hydrolysis. Has a limited peptidase activity in the absence of ATP-binding subunits ClpC, ClpE or ClpX. Has a chymotrypsin-like activity. Plays a major role in the degradation of misfolded proteins (By similarity). ClpXP is involved in the complete degradation of the site-2 clipped anti-sigma-W factor RsiW. This results in the release of SigW and the transcriptional activation of genes under the control of the sigma-W factor. Probably the major protease that degrades prot [...] (197 aa) |
| | mdxL | Oligo-1,4-1,6-alpha-glucosidase (sucrase-maltase-isomaltase); Hydrolyzes various disaccharides such as sucrose, maltose, and isomaltose with different efficiencies. Also hydrolyzes longer maltodextrins from maltotriose up to maltohexaose, but not maltoheptaose, palatinose, isomaltotriose, or isomaltotetraose. Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 13 family. (561 aa) |
| | mdxK | Maltose phosphorylase; Catalyzes the phosphorolysis of maltose, leading to the formation of glucose and glucose 1-P. (757 aa) |
| | pelC | Secreted pectate lyase; Catalyzes the depolymerization of both polygalacturonate and pectins of methyl esterification degree from 22 to 89%, with an endo mode of action. In contrast to the majority of pectate lyases, displays high activity on highly methylated pectins. Is also able to cleave trigalacturonate to galacturonic acid and unsaturated digalacturonate. Belongs to the polysaccharide lyase 3 family. (221 aa) |
| | nagA | N-acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate deacetylase; Involved in the first committed step in the biosynthesis of amino-sugar-nucleotides. Catalyzes the hydrolysis of the N-acetyl group of N-acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate (GlcNAc-6-P) to yield glucosamine 6- phosphate and acetate; Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. NagA family. (396 aa) |
| | nagBA | N-acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate isomerase; Catalyzes the reversible isomerization-deamination of glucosamine 6-phosphate (GlcN6P) to form fructose 6-phosphate (Fru6P) and ammonium ion; Belongs to the glucosamine/galactosamine-6-phosphate isomerase family. NagB subfamily. (242 aa) |
| | cypX | cyclo-L-leucyl-L-leucyl dipeptide oxidase; Involved in the biosynthesis of pulcherrimin, a red extracellular pigment. Catalyzes the oxidation of cyclo(L-Leu-L-Leu) (cLL) to yield pulcherriminic acid which forms pulcherrimin via a nonenzymic reaction with Fe(3+). Substrates with small alkyl groups (cAA, cLG, cLP) exhibit weaker binding to CYP134A1, but substrates with larger hydrophobic side chains bind in a similar regime to cLL. Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (405 aa) |
| | csrA | Carbon storage regulator; A translational regulator that binds mRNA to regulate translation initiation and/or mRNA stability. Usually binds in the 5'- UTR at or near the Shine-Dalgarno sequence preventing ribosome-binding, thus repressing translation. Represses expression of flagellin (hag) in a post-transcriptional fashion. Specifically binds to 2 sites in the 5'-UTR of hag mRNA in a cooperative fashion; the second site overlaps the Shine-Dalgarno sequence and prevents 30S ribosomal subunit binding. Mutation of either binding site abolishes CsrA regulation of hag expression. Repressio [...] (74 aa) |
| | lytC | Putative undecaprenyl-phosphate N-acetylgalactosaminyl-1-phosphate transferase; Autolysins are cell wall hydrolases involved in some important biological processes such as cell separation, cell-wall turnover, competence for genetic transformation, formation of the flagella - in particular of its basal body - and sporulation. Has a high affinity for teichoic acid-endowed peptidoglycan. LytC is required for efficient swarming motility but not at the level of cell separation or flagellum biosynthesis. Rather, LytC appears to be important for proper flagellar function. (496 aa) |
| | rbsK | Ribokinase; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of ribose at O-5 in a reaction requiring ATP and magnesium. The resulting D-ribose-5-phosphate can then be used either for sythesis of nucleotides, histidine, and tryptophan, or as a component of the pentose phosphate pathway. (293 aa) |
| | rbsD | Ribose ABC transporter (membrane bound ribose binding); Catalyzes the interconversion of beta-pyran and beta-furan forms of D-ribose. (131 aa) |
| | ywrD | Putative enzyme; Overexpressed protein with an N-terminal His tag has been reported not to hydrolyze glutathione; it is not clear if the construct is processed to 2 subunits. (525 aa) |
| | ureC | Urease (alpha subunit); Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. Urease alpha subunit family. (569 aa) |
| | ureB | Urease (beta subunit); Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the urease beta subunit family. (124 aa) |
| | ureA | Urease (gamma subunit); Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the urease gamma subunit family. (105 aa) |
| | glyA | Serine hydroxymethyltransferase; Catalyzes the reversible interconversion of serine and glycine with tetrahydrofolate (THF) serving as the one-carbon carrier. This reaction serves as the major source of one-carbon groups required for the biosynthesis of purines, thymidylate, methionine, and other important biomolecules. Also exhibits THF-independent aldolase activity toward beta-hydroxyamino acids, producing glycine and aldehydes, via a retro-aldol mechanism (By similarity); Belongs to the SHMT family. (415 aa) |
| | ywlF | Ribose 5-phosphate epimerase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme. (149 aa) |
| | fbaA | Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase; Catalyzes the aldol condensation of dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP or glycerone-phosphate) with glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) to form fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) in gluconeogenesis and the reverse reaction in glycolysis. (285 aa) |
| | acdA | acyl-CoA dehydrogenase; Involved in the degradation of long-chain fatty acids. (379 aa) |
| | ywfO | Putative metal-dependent phosphohydrolase; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; putative enzyme. (433 aa) |
| | rocA | Delta-1-pyrroline-5 carboxylate dehydrogenase; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type e: enzyme. (515 aa) |
| | rocG | Glutamate dehydrogenase; Devoted to catabolic function of glutamate (and other amino acids of the glutamate family) utilization as sole nitrogen source. It is not involved in anabolic function of glutamate biosynthesis since B.subtilis possesses only one route of glutamate biosynthesis from ammonia, catalyzed by glutamate synthase. RocG is unable to utilize glutamate or glutamine as sole carbon source and to synthesize glutamate, but it is involved in the utilization of arginine, and proline as carbon or nitrogen source. The catabolic RocG is essential for controlling gltAB expression [...] (424 aa) |
| | galE | UDP-glucose 4-epimerase; Involved in the metabolism of galactose. Catalyzes the conversion of UDP-galactose (UDP-Gal) to UDP-glucose (UDP-Glc) through a mechanism involving the transient reduction of NAD (By similarity). (339 aa) |
| | pepT | Peptidase T (tripeptidase); Cleaves the N-terminal amino acid of tripeptides. Belongs to the peptidase M20B family. (410 aa) |
| | wapA | Cell wall-associated protein precursor; Toxic component of a toxin-immunity protein module, which functions as a cellular contact-dependent growth inhibition (CDI) system. A site-specific general tRNA nuclease, the C-terminus (residues 2201-2334) removes 2 or 4 nucleotides from the 3' end of at least 4 tRNAs (upon expression in E.coli), possibly endonucleolytically. The nuclease activity is neutralized by expression of the cognate immunity protein WapI from the same strain, but not its homolog from 2 other B.subtilis strains. The C-terminus cannot be expressed on its own in E.coli, how [...] (2334 aa) |
| | bglH | Aryl-phospho-beta-d-glucosidase; Catalyzes the hydrolysis of aryl-phospho-beta-D-glucosides such as 4-methylumbelliferyl-phospho-beta-D-glucopyranoside (MUG-P), phosphoarbutin and phosphosalicin. Plays a major role in the utilization of arbutin or salicin as the sole carbon source. BglA and BglH are the major proteins contributing to hydrolysis of MUG-P by extracts of late-exponential-phase or stationary-phase B.subtilis cells; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 1 family. (469 aa) |
| | abnB | Arabinan endo-1,5-alpha-L-arabinosidase; Involved in the degradation of arabinan and is a key enzyme in the complete degradation of the plant cell wall. Catalyzes the internal cleavage of alpha-(1->5)-L-arabinofuranosyl residues of the alpha-1,5-L-arabinan to produce arabino-oligosaccharides and L- arabinose. It is also active toward linear branched sugar beet arabinan, and pectin from apple. (469 aa) |
| | hutH | Histidine ammonia-lyase (histidase); Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type e: enzyme. (508 aa) |
| | hutU | Urocanase; Catalyzes the conversion of urocanate to 4-imidazolone-5- propionate; Belongs to the urocanase family. (552 aa) |
| | hutI | Imidazolone-5-propionate hydrolase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme. (421 aa) |
| | hutG | Formiminoglutamate hydrolase; Catalyzes the conversion of N-formimidoyl-L-glutamate to L- glutamate and formamide. (319 aa) |
| | deoC | Deoxyribose-phosphate aldolase; Catalyzes a reversible aldol reaction between acetaldehyde and D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to generate 2-deoxy-D-ribose 5- phosphate. (223 aa) |
| | iolJ | 2-deoxy-5-keto-D-gluconic acid 6-phosphate aldolase; Produces dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP or glycerone phosphate) and malonic semialdehyde (MSA or 3-oxopropanoate) from 6- phospho-5-dehydro-2-deoxy-D-gluconate (DKGP). Belongs to the class II fructose-bisphosphate aldolase family. IolJ subfamily. (290 aa) |
| | iolG | Myo-inositol 2-dehydrogenase/D-chiro-inositol 3-dehydrogenase; Involved in the oxidation of myo-inositol (MI) and D-chiro- inositol (DCI) to 2-keto-myo-inositol (2KMI or 2-inosose) and 1-keto-D- chiro-inositol (1KDCI), respectively. Can also use D-glucose and D- xylose, and shows a trace of activity with D-ribose and D-fructose. (344 aa) |
| | iolE | 2-keto-myo-inositol dehydratase; Catalyzes the dehydration of inosose (2-keto-myo-inositol, 2KMI or 2,4,6/3,5-pentahydroxycyclohexanone) to 3D-(3,5/4)- trihydroxycyclohexane-1,2-dione (D-2,3-diketo-4-deoxy-epi-inositol). (297 aa) |
| | iolD | 3D-(3,5/4)-trihydroxycyclohexane-1,2-dione hydrolase; Involved in the cleavage of the C1-C2 bond of 3D-(3,5/4)- trihydroxycyclohexane-1,2-dione (THcHDO) to yield 5-deoxy-glucuronate (5DG). (637 aa) |
| | iolC | 2-deoxy-5-keto-D-gluconic acid kinase; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of 5-dehydro-2-deoxy-D- gluconate (2-deoxy-5-keto-D-gluconate or DKG) to 6-phospho-5-dehydro-2- deoxy-D-gluconate (DKGP). (325 aa) |
| | iolB | 5-deoxy-D-glucuronic acid isomerase; Involved in the isomerization of 5-deoxy-glucuronate (5DG) to 5-dehydro-2-deoxy-D-gluconate (DKG or 2-deoxy-5-keto-D-gluconate). (271 aa) |
| | mmsA | Methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase; Catalyzes the oxidation of malonate semialdehyde (MSA) and methylmalonate semialdehyde (MMSA) into acetyl-CoA and propanoyl-CoA, respectively. (487 aa) |
| | gntK | Gluconate kinase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme. (513 aa) |
| | gntP | Gluconate permease; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type t: transporter; Belongs to the GntP permease family. (448 aa) |
| | gntZ | NAD+-6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase; Catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of 6-phosphogluconate to ribulose 5-phosphate and CO(2), with concomitant reduction of NAD to NADH. Does not contribute to oxidative pentose phosphate (PP) pathway fluxes during growth on glucose. The functional role of GntZ remains obscure. (468 aa) |
| | bglA | Aryl-6-phospho-beta-glucosidase; Catalyzes the hydrolysis of aryl-phospho-beta-D-glucosides such as 4-methylumbelliferyl-phospho-beta-D-glucopyranoside (MUG-P), phosphoarbutin and phosphosalicin. Plays a major role in the utilization of arbutin or salicin as the sole carbon source. BglA and BglH are the major proteins contributing to hydrolysis of MUG-P by extracts of late-exponential-phase or stationary-phase B.subtilis cells; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 1 family. (479 aa) |
| | argI | Arginase; Involved in the catabolism of arginine. Belongs to the arginase family. (296 aa) |
| | yyaL | Conserved hypothetical protein; Evidence 4: Homologs of previously reported genes of unknown function; To C.elegans B0495.5. (689 aa) |
| | gmuD | Mannoside-phospho-beta-d-glucosidase; Phospho-beta-D-glucosidase that seems to be involved in the degradation of glucomannan. Is also capable of hydrolyzing aryl- phospho-beta-D-glucosides, although very weakly, and plays only a minor role, if any, in the degradation of these substrates in vivo. Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 1 family. (465 aa) |
| | gmuE | ROK fructokinase; Seems to be involved in the degradation of glucomannan. (299 aa) |
| | gmuG | Exported mannan endo-1,4-beta-mannosidase; Involved in the degradation of glucomannan. Catalyzes the endo hydrolysis of beta-1,4-linked mannan, galactomannan and glucomannan; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 26 family. (362 aa) |
| | gabP | Gamma-aminobutyrate (GABA) permease; High-affinity uptake system for GABA. Functions also as a low-affinity proline importer; Belongs to the amino acid-polyamine-organocation (APC) superfamily. Amino acid transporter (AAT) (TC 2.A.3.1) family. (469 aa) |
| | yerA | Putative adenine deaminase YerA; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; putative enzyme. (580 aa) |
| | rhgH | Rhamnogalacturonan hydrolase; Catalyzes the hydrolysis of unsaturated rhamnogalacturonan disaccharide to yield unsaturated D-galacturonic acid and L-rhamnose. It cannot act on unsaturated glucuronyl hydrolase (UGL) substrates containing unsaturated D-glucuronic acid at the non-reducing terminus, although the active pockets of YesR and UGL are very similar. Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 105 family. (344 aa) |
| | pel | Pectate lyase; Produces unsaturated products from polygalacturonate. (420 aa) |
| | treA | Trehalose-6-phosphate hydrolase; Hydrolyzes trehalose-6-phosphate to glucose and glucose 6- phosphate. Can also very effectively hydrolyzes p-nitrophenyl-alpha-D- glucopyranoside, but not lactose, maltose, sucrose or sucrose-6- phosphate. Trehalose is also hydrolyzed, but to a much smaller extent than trehalose-6-phosphate; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 13 family. (561 aa) |
| | nfsB | NAD(P)H-flavin oxidoreductase (nitroreductase); Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the nitroreductase family. (221 aa) |
| | yfkN | Exported 2',3'-cyclic-nucleotide 2'-phosphodiesterase, 2' (or 3') nucleotidase and 5' nucleotidase; Catalyzes the release of inorganic phosphate from 2',3'- cyclic nucleotides through consecutive 2',3'-phosphodiesterase and 3'- (or 2') nucleotidase activities. Also possesses a 5'-nucleotidase activity. Does not catalyze the release of inorganic phosphate from 3',5'-cyclic nucleotides. Probably plays a role in the cellular reprocessing of nucleotides present in the medium, under conditions of phosphate shortage. (1462 aa) |
| | yfjR | Putative beta-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; Product type pe: putative enzyme; Belongs to the HIBADH-related family. (286 aa) |
| | acoA | Acetoin dehydrogenase E1 component (TPP-dependent alpha subunit); Catalyzes the 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol-dependent cleavage of acetoin into acetate and acetaldehyde. The alpha subunit is probably the catalytic subunit of the enzyme (By similarity). (333 aa) |
| | acoB | Acetoin dehydrogenase E1 component (TPP-dependent beta subunit); Catalyzes the 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol-dependent cleavage of acetoin into acetate and acetaldehyde. (342 aa) |
| | acoC | Acetoin dehydrogenase E2 component (dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase); Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme. (398 aa) |
| | acoL | Acetoin dehydrogenase E3 component (dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase); Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the class-I pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family. (458 aa) |
| | estB | Secreted esterase / lipase; An esterase which preferentially hydrolyzes triacylglyceride substrates with short chain fatty acids (less than C10) with the maximum activity towards tricaprylin (C8:0). Active against p- nitrophenylesters with fatty acid chain lengths from C6 to C18. (210 aa) |
| | ssuD | FMNH2-dependent aliphatic sulfonate monooxygenase; Catalyzes the desulfonation of aliphatic sulfonates. (376 aa) |
| | yhcR | Non specific extracellular endonuclease cleaving RNA and DNA; Sugar-nonspecific endonuclease that yields nucleotide 3'- monophosphate products. No 5'-nucleotidase activity was detected, using 5'-AMP as the substrate, in the presence of diverse divalent metals and with various pH values. (1217 aa) |
| | glpK | Glycerol kinase; Key enzyme in the regulation of glycerol uptake and metabolism. Catalyzes the phosphorylation of glycerol to yield sn- glycerol 3-phosphate; Belongs to the FGGY kinase family. (496 aa) |
| | glpD | Glycerol-3-phosphate oxidase; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type e: enzyme. (555 aa) |
| | dat | D-alanine aminotransferase; Acts on the D-isomers of alanine, leucine, aspartate, glutamate, aminobutyrate, norvaline and asparagine. The enzyme transfers an amino group from a substrate D-amino acid to the pyridoxal phosphate cofactor to form pyridoxamine and an alpha-keto acid in the first half-reaction. The second half-reaction is the reverse of the first, transferring the amino group from the pyridoxamine to a second alpha-keto acid to form the product D-amino acid via a ping-pong mechanism. This is an important process in the formation of D-alanine and D-glutamate, which are essen [...] (282 aa) |
| | lcfB | Long-chain fatty-acid-CoA ligase (degradative); Involved in the degradation of long-chain fatty acids; Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family. (513 aa) |
| | yhfS | Putative acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase; May be involved in fatty acid metabolism; Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. Thiolase family. (364 aa) |
| | yisS | Putative myo-inositol 2-dehydrogenase; Catalyzes the reversible NAD(+)-dependent oxidation of scyllo-inositol (SI) to 2,4,6/3,5-pentahydroxycyclohexanone (scyllo- inosose or SIS). Is required for SI catabolism that allows B.subtilis to utilize SI as the sole carbon source for growth. Cannot use NADP(+) instead of NAD(+); Belongs to the Gfo/Idh/MocA family. (342 aa) |
| | yitF | Putative enolase superfamily enzyme; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; Product type pe: putative enzyme; Belongs to the mandelate racemase/muconate lactonizing enzyme family. (371 aa) |
| | yjiB | Putative monooxygenase (cytochrome P450); Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; Product type pe: putative enzyme. (396 aa) |
| | uxaC | Galacturonate isomerase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme. (473 aa) |
