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uvrX uvrX bsaA bsaA ypvA ypvA recU recU dinG dinG yqjM yqjM yqjL yqjL polYA polYA sodA sodA uvrC uvrC trxA trxA mutSB mutSB sspG sspG mrgA mrgA yvcI yvcI trxB trxB uvrB uvrB bcrC bcrC ywjD ywjD aag aag katX katX katE katE ahpF ahpF sspA sspA alkA alkA adaA adaA adaB adaB ycgT ycgT mutT mutT ydbD ydbD sigB sigB pcrA pcrA cotJC cotJC sspH sspH sspE sspE ygaF ygaF perR perR katA katA sigM sigM sspB sspB yjhB yjhB yjqC yjqC ohrA ohrA ohrR ohrR ohrB ohrB ykoU ykoU ykoV ykoV ykoW ykoW ogt ogt splA splA splB splB ykuU ykuU yktB yktB ylaD ylaD recG recG recA recA yobH yobH yozK yozK sodC sodC sspC sspC
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splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
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query proteins and first shell of interactors
white nodes:
second shell of interactors
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proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
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Edges represent protein-protein associations
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Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
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textmining
co-expression
protein homology
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uvrXLesion bypass phage DNA polymerase; Evidence 2b: Function of strongly homologous gene; enzyme. (416 aa)
bsaAPutative bacillithiol peroxidase; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; Product type pe: putative enzyme; Belongs to the glutathione peroxidase family. (160 aa)
ypvAPutative ATP-dependent helicase; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; putative enzyme. (641 aa)
recUHolliday junction resolvase; Has at least 2 separable functions; Holliday junction resolution with generation of monomeric chromosomes, and modulation of RecA activity. Endonuclease that resolves Holliday junction intermediates in genetic recombination. Cleaves mobile four-strand junctions by introducing symmetrical nicks in paired strands. Promotes annealing of linear ssDNA with homologous dsDNA. Required for DNA repair, homologous recombination and chromosome segregation. Partially inhibits the hydrolysis of dATP or rATP by RecA. Holliday junction resolution is stimulated by RuvB. (206 aa)
dinGDamage inducible ATP-dependent 3'->5' nuclease; 3'-5' exonuclease. (931 aa)
yqjMNADPH-dependent flavin oxidoreductase; Catalyzes the reduction of the double bond of an array of alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes and ketones. It also reduces the nitro group of nitroester and nitroaromatic compounds. It could have a role in detoxification processes; Belongs to the NADH:flavin oxidoreductase/NADH oxidase family. NamA subfamily. (338 aa)
yqjLPutative hydrolase; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; putative enzyme. (253 aa)
polYADNA-damage lesion bypass DNA polymerase; Poorly processive, error-prone DNA polymerase involved in untargeted mutagenesis. Copies undamaged DNA at stalled replication forks, which arise in vivo from mismatched or misaligned primer ends. These misaligned primers can be extended by PolIV. Exhibits no 3'-5' exonuclease (proofreading) activity. May be involved in translesional synthesis, in conjunction with the beta clamp from PolIII (By similarity). (414 aa)
sodASuperoxide dismutase; Destroys superoxide anion radicals which are normally produced within the cells and which are toxic to biological systems; Belongs to the iron/manganese superoxide dismutase family. (202 aa)
uvrCExcinuclease ABC (subunit C); The UvrABC repair system catalyzes the recognition and processing of DNA lesions. UvrC both incises the 5' and 3' sides of the lesion. The N-terminal half is responsible for the 3' incision and the C-terminal half is responsible for the 5' incision. (590 aa)
trxAThioredoxin; Participates in various redox reactions through the reversible oxidation of its active center dithiol to a disulfide and catalyzes dithiol-disulfide exchange reactions. (104 aa)
mutSBPutative DNA mismatch repair enzyme; Endonuclease that is involved in the suppression of homologous recombination and may therefore have a key role in the control of bacterial genetic diversity; Belongs to the DNA mismatch repair MutS family. MutS2 subfamily. (785 aa)
sspGSmall acid-soluble spore protein; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type f: factor. (48 aa)
mrgAMetalloregulation DNA-binding stress protein; Forms highly stable, multimeric protein-DNA complexes which accumulate in stationary-phase cells and protect against oxidative killing; Belongs to the Dps family. (153 aa)
yvcIPutative triphosphate pyrophosphate hydrolase; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; Product type pe: putative enzyme; Belongs to the Nudix hydrolase family. (158 aa)
trxBThioredoxin reductase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the class-II pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family. (316 aa)
uvrBExcinuclease ABC (subunit B); The UvrABC repair system catalyzes the recognition and processing of DNA lesions. A damage recognition complex composed of 2 UvrA and 2 UvrB subunits scans DNA for abnormalities. Upon binding of the UvrA(2)B(2) complex to a putative damaged site, the DNA wraps around one UvrB monomer. DNA wrap is dependent on ATP binding by UvrB and probably causes local melting of the DNA helix, facilitating insertion of UvrB beta-hairpin between the DNA strands. Then UvrB probes one DNA strand for the presence of a lesion. If a lesion is found the UvrA subunits dissociat [...] (661 aa)
bcrCUndecaprenyl pyrophosphate phosphatase; Catalyzes the dephosphorylation of undecaprenyl diphosphate (UPP). Confers resistance to bacitracin; Belongs to the BcrC/YbjG family. (193 aa)
ywjDPutative UV damage repair endonuclease; Component in a DNA repair pathway. Removal of UV LIGHT damaged nucleotides. Recognizes pyrimidine dimers and cleave a phosphodiester bond immediately 5' to the lesion (By similarity). (320 aa)
aag3-alkylated purines and hypoxanthine DNA glycosidase; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the DNA glycosylase MPG family. (196 aa)
katXMajor catalase in spores; Decomposes hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen; serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide; Belongs to the catalase family. (547 aa)
katECatalase 2; Decomposes hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen; serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide. Involved in sporulation. (686 aa)
ahpFAlkyl hydroperoxide reductase (large subunit); Transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone (By similarity). (509 aa)
sspASmall acid-soluble spore protein (alpha-type SASP); SASP are bound to spore DNA. They are double-stranded DNA- binding proteins that cause DNA to change to an a-like conformation. They protect the DNA backbone from chemical and enzymatic cleavage and are thus involved in dormant spore's high resistance to UV light. (69 aa)
alkADNA-3-methyladenine glycosylase; Is involved in the adaptive response to alkylation damage in DNA caused by alkylating agents. Catalyzes the hydrolysis of the deoxyribose N-glycosidic bond to excise 3-methyladenine and 7- methylguanine from the damaged DNA polymer formed by alkylation lesions. (303 aa)
adaAmethylphosphotriester-DNA alkyltransferase and transcriptional regulator (AraC/XylS family); Is involved in the adaptive response to alkylation damage in DNA caused by alkylating agents. Repairs the methylphosphotriester lesions in DNA by a direct and irreversible transfer of the methyl group to one of its own cysteine residues. (211 aa)
adaBO6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase; Involved in the cellular defense against the biological effects of O6-methylguanine (O6-MeG) and O4-methylthymine (O4-MeT) in DNA. Repairs the methylated nucleobase in DNA by stoichiometrically transferring the methyl group to a cysteine residue in the enzyme. This is a suicide reaction: the enzyme is irreversibly inactivated. (179 aa)
ycgTPutative ferredoxin/thioredoxin reductase; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; putative enzyme. (336 aa)
mutTPutative NTP pyrophosphohydrolase; May be involved in the GO system responsible for removing an oxidatively damaged form of guanine (7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine, 8-oxo- dGTP) from DNA and the nucleotide pool. 8-oxo-dGTP is inserted opposite dA and dC residues of template DNA with almost equal efficiency thus leading to A.T to G.C transversions. MutT specifically degrades 8-oxo- dGTP to the monophosphate (By similarity). Functions, in conjunction with ytkD, to protect vegetatively growing cells from DNA-damaging agents such as H(2)O(2) or t-BHP (t-butylhydroperoxide). The 2 proteins do not [...] (149 aa)
ydbDPutative manganese-containing catalase; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; putative enzyme; Belongs to the manganese catalase family. (273 aa)
sigBRNA polymerase sigma-37 factor (sigma(B)); Sigma factors are initiation factors that promote the attachment of RNA polymerase to specific initiation sites and are then released. Sigma B is not essential for sporulation; rather it is required for maximal expression of ctc and csbA which are transcribed in the early stationary phase under conditions inimical to sporulation. May play a role in the ability of the bacterium to adapt to various stresses but is not essential for its survival under these conditions. Positively regulates expression of its own operon; Belongs to the sigma-70 fac [...] (262 aa)
pcrAATP-dependent DNA helicase; DNA helicase used for plasmid rolling-circle replication and also involved in UV repair. (739 aa)
cotJCComponent of the inner spore coat; The cotJ operon proteins affect spore coat composition. They are either required for the normal formation of the inner layers of the coat or are themselves structural components of the coat. (189 aa)
sspHSmall acid-soluble spore protein; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type cp: cell process; Belongs to the SspH family. (59 aa)
sspESmall acid-soluble spore protein (gamma-type SASP); SASP are proteins degraded in the first minutes of spore germination and provide amino acids for both new protein synthesis and metabolism. These proteins may be involved in dormant spore's high resistance to UV light. (84 aa)
ygaFPutative bacterioferritin comigratory protein; Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively. Plays a role in cell protection against oxidative stress by detoxifying peroxides and as sensor of hydrogen peroxide-mediated signaling events; Belongs to the peroxiredoxin family. BCP/PrxQ subfamily. (157 aa)
perRTranscriptional regulator (Fur family); Hydrogen and organic peroxide sensor. Represses the expression of a regulon of peroxide-inducible genes such as katA, ahpC, ahpF, the heme biosynthesis operon (hemAXCDBL), fur, perR, zosA and mrgA; Belongs to the Fur family. (145 aa)
katAVegetative catalase 1; Decomposes hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen; serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide. (483 aa)
sigMRNA polymerase ECF (extracytoplasmic function)-type sigma factor (sigma(M)); Sigma factors are initiation factors that promote the attachment of RNA polymerase to specific initiation sites and are then released. Extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factors are held in an inactive form by a cognate anti-sigma factor (YhdL) until released. This sigma factor is involved in the maintenance of membrane and cell wall integrity in response to environmental stresses including salt, acid, ethanol and antibiotics stress. Partially regulates transcription from a number of genes including disA. (163 aa)
sspBSmall acid-soluble spore protein (beta-type SASP); SASP are bound to spore DNA. They are double-stranded DNA- binding proteins that cause DNA to change to an a-like conformation. They protect the DNA backbone from chemical and enzymatic cleavage and are thus involved in dormant spore's high resistance to UV light. (67 aa)
yjhBPutative ADP-ribose pyrophosphatase; Probably mediates the hydrolysis of some nucleoside diphosphate derivatives. (208 aa)
yjqCPutative PBSX phage manganese-containing catalase; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; Product type h: extrachromosomal origin; Belongs to the manganese catalase family. (278 aa)
ohrAPeroxiredoxin; Involved in organic hydroperoxide resistance. Belongs to the OsmC/Ohr family. (141 aa)
ohrRTranscriptional regulator sensing organic peroxides; Organic peroxide sensor. Represses the expression of the peroxide-inducible gene ohrA by cooperative binding to two inverted repeat elements. (147 aa)
ohrBOrganic hydroperoxide resistance reductase B; Involved in organic hydroperoxide resistance. Belongs to the OsmC/Ohr family. (136 aa)
ykoUATP-dependent DNA ligase subunit; With Ku forms a non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) DNA repair enzyme, which repairs dsDNA breaks with reduced fidelity (Probable). Probably involved in DNA repair during spore germination. In the N-terminal section; belongs to the LigD polymerase family. (611 aa)
ykoVATP-dependent DNA ligase subunit; With LigD forms a non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) DNA repair enzyme, which repairs dsDNA breaks with reduced fidelity. Binds linear dsDNA with 5'- and 3'- overhangs but not closed circular dsDNA nor ssDNA. Recruits and stimulates the ligase activity of LigD (By similarity). Probably involved in DNA repair during spore germination. Belongs to the prokaryotic Ku family. (311 aa)
ykoWPutative sensor diguanylate cyclase; Probable signaling protein whose physiological role is not yet known. (800 aa)
ogtO6-alkylguanine DNA alkyltransferase; Involved in the cellular defense against the biological effects of O6-methylguanine (O6-MeG) and O4-methylthymine (O4-MeT) in DNA. Repairs the methylated nucleobase in DNA by stoichiometrically transferring the methyl group to a cysteine residue in the enzyme. This is a suicide reaction: the enzyme is irreversibly inactivated. (165 aa)
splATRAP-like transcriptional regulator; Regulator of the spore photoproduct lyase operon (splAB). (79 aa)
splBSpore photoproduct (thymine dimer) lyase; Involved in repair of UV radiation-induced DNA damage during spore germination. Can repair thymine dimer 5-thyminyl-5,6- dihydrothymine (known as spore photoproduct (SP)) by in situ monomerization of SP to two thymines. (342 aa)
ykuUPutative 2-cys peroxiredoxin; Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively. Plays a role in cell protection against oxidative stress by detoxifying peroxides. (180 aa)
yktBConserved hypothetical protein; Evidence 4: Homologs of previously reported genes of unknown function; Belongs to the UPF0637 family. (212 aa)
ylaDanti-YlaC sigma factor; Anti-sigma factor for YlaC; Belongs to the zinc-associated anti-sigma factor (ZAS) superfamily. (97 aa)
recGBranch migrating ATP-dependent DNA helicase involved in DNA recombination and repair; Critical role in recombination and DNA repair. Helps process Holliday junction intermediates to mature products by catalyzing branch migration. Has a DNA unwinding activity characteristic of a DNA helicase with a 3'- to 5'- polarity. Unwinds branched duplex DNA (Y- DNA) (By similarity); Belongs to the helicase family. RecG subfamily. (682 aa)
recAMultifunctional SOS repair factor; Multifunctional protein involved in homologous recombination, DNA repair and competence. Can catalyze the hydrolysis of (d)ATP in the presence of single-stranded DNA; prefers dATP at least in vitro, catalyzes the dATP-dependent uptake of single- stranded DNA by duplex DNA, and the dATP-dependent hybridization of homologous single-stranded DNAs (strand exchange). RecA-ATP cannot catalyze homologous DNA strand exchange; SsbA and DprA activate strand exchange by RecA-ATP. It interacts with LexA causing its activation and leading to its autocatalytic clea [...] (348 aa)
yobHPutative DNA repair protein; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; Product type pe: putative enzyme; Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-Y family. (217 aa)
yozKPutative DNA repair protein fragment; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; extrachromosomal origin. (115 aa)
sodCSuperoxide dismutase (exported lipoprotein); Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type lp: lipoprotein. (196 aa)
sspCSmall acid-soluble spore protein (alpha/beta-type SASP); SASP are bound to spore DNA. They are double-stranded DNA- binding proteins that cause DNA to change to an a-like conformation. They protect the DNA backbone from chemical and enzymatic cleavage and are thus involved in dormant spore's high resistance to UV light. (72 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Bacillus subtilis 168
NCBI taxonomy Id: 224308
Other names: B. subtilis subsp. subtilis str. 168, Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis 168, Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis str. 168, Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis str. BGSC 1A700
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