Transcriptional regulator for transition state genes; Ambiactive repressor and activator of the transcription of genes expressed during the transition state between vegetative growth and the onset of stationary phase and sporulation. It controls the expression of genes spovG and tycA. AbrB binds to the tycA promoter region at two A- and T-rich sites, it may be the sole repressor of tycA transcription; To B.subtilis Abh and SpoVT.

Alpha-amylase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 13 family.

Transcriptional regulator for transition state genes; Ambiactive repressor and activator of the transcription of genes expressed during the transition state between vegetative growth and the onset of stationary phase and sporulation. It controls the expression of genes spovG and tycA. AbrB binds to the tycA promoter region at two A- and T-rich sites, it may be the sole repressor of tycA transcription; To B.subtilis Abh and SpoVT.

Competence transcription factor (CTF); A master regulator required for the expression of late competence genes including comC, comE, comG and the bdbDC operon. Receives signals from SrfA, and possibly other regulatory COM genes, and transduces these signals to the late COM genes. Represses transcription of rok. May repress expression of a few genes.

Transcriptional regulator for transition state genes; Ambiactive repressor and activator of the transcription of genes expressed during the transition state between vegetative growth and the onset of stationary phase and sporulation. It controls the expression of genes spovG and tycA. AbrB binds to the tycA promoter region at two A- and T-rich sites, it may be the sole repressor of tycA transcription; To B.subtilis Abh and SpoVT.

Modulator of protein tyrosine kinase EpsB; Evidence 2b: Function of strongly homologous gene; regulator.

Transcriptional regulator for transition state genes; Ambiactive repressor and activator of the transcription of genes expressed during the transition state between vegetative growth and the onset of stationary phase and sporulation. It controls the expression of genes spovG and tycA. AbrB binds to the tycA promoter region at two A- and T-rich sites, it may be the sole repressor of tycA transcription; To B.subtilis Abh and SpoVT.

Component of the GerA germination receptor; Forms a complex at the inner spore membrane which acts as a receptor for L-alanine, thus is involved in the stimulation of germination in response to alanine. Can stimulate germination in the absence of GerD and GerK gene products (fructose and glucose receptors, respectively), but the response is improved in their presence.

Transcriptional regulator for transition state genes; Ambiactive repressor and activator of the transcription of genes expressed during the transition state between vegetative growth and the onset of stationary phase and sporulation. It controls the expression of genes spovG and tycA. AbrB binds to the tycA promoter region at two A- and T-rich sites, it may be the sole repressor of tycA transcription; To B.subtilis Abh and SpoVT.

Component of germinant receptor B; Involved in the response to the germinative mixture of L- asparagine, glucose, fructose and potassium ions (AGFK). Cannot stimulate germination in the absence of gerD and gerK gene products (fructose and glucose receptors respectively).

Transcriptional regulator for transition state genes; Ambiactive repressor and activator of the transcription of genes expressed during the transition state between vegetative growth and the onset of stationary phase and sporulation. It controls the expression of genes spovG and tycA. AbrB binds to the tycA promoter region at two A- and T-rich sites, it may be the sole repressor of tycA transcription; To B.subtilis Abh and SpoVT.

Flagellin protein; Flagellin is the subunit which polymerizes to form the filaments of bacterial flagella. Assembly into flagella requires FliW. Acts as a homeostatic autoinhibitory regulator to control its own cytoplasmic levels. Partner switching by flagellin between FliW and CsrA provides a flagellar assembly checkpoint to tightly control the timing of flagellin synthesis. Flagellin binds to assembly factor FliW, freeing translation regulator CsrA to repress translation of the flagellin mRNA. When the flagellar hook is assembled flagellin is secreted, depleting intracellular flagell [...]

Transcriptional regulator for transition state genes; Ambiactive repressor and activator of the transcription of genes expressed during the transition state between vegetative growth and the onset of stationary phase and sporulation. It controls the expression of genes spovG and tycA. AbrB binds to the tycA promoter region at two A- and T-rich sites, it may be the sole repressor of tycA transcription; To B.subtilis Abh and SpoVT.

RNA polymerase sigma-37 factor (sigma(B)); Sigma factors are initiation factors that promote the attachment of RNA polymerase to specific initiation sites and are then released. Sigma B is not essential for sporulation; rather it is required for maximal expression of ctc and csbA which are transcribed in the early stationary phase under conditions inimical to sporulation. May play a role in the ability of the bacterium to adapt to various stresses but is not essential for its survival under these conditions. Positively regulates expression of its own operon; Belongs to the sigma-70 fac [...]

Transcriptional regulator for transition state genes; Ambiactive repressor and activator of the transcription of genes expressed during the transition state between vegetative growth and the onset of stationary phase and sporulation. It controls the expression of genes spovG and tycA. AbrB binds to the tycA promoter region at two A- and T-rich sites, it may be the sole repressor of tycA transcription; To B.subtilis Abh and SpoVT.

RNA polymerase sigma-28 factor (sigma-D); Sigma factors are initiation factors that promote the attachment of RNA polymerase to specific initiation sites and are then released. This alternative sigma factor is required for the transcription of the flagellin and motility genes as well as for wild- type chemotaxis.

Transcriptional regulator for transition state genes; Ambiactive repressor and activator of the transcription of genes expressed during the transition state between vegetative growth and the onset of stationary phase and sporulation. It controls the expression of genes spovG and tycA. AbrB binds to the tycA promoter region at two A- and T-rich sites, it may be the sole repressor of tycA transcription; To B.subtilis Abh and SpoVT.

Antagonist of SinR; Acts as an antagonist to SinR. SinI prevents SinR from binding to its target sequence on the gene for AprE.

Transcriptional regulator for transition state genes; Ambiactive repressor and activator of the transcription of genes expressed during the transition state between vegetative growth and the onset of stationary phase and sporulation. It controls the expression of genes spovG and tycA. AbrB binds to the tycA promoter region at two A- and T-rich sites, it may be the sole repressor of tycA transcription; To B.subtilis Abh and SpoVT.

Master regulator of biofilm formation; Negative as well as positive regulator of alternate developmental processes that are induced at the end of vegetative growth in response to nutrient depletion. Binds to the alkaline protease (aprE) gene at two sites. Also acts as a repressor of the key sporulation gene spo0A. Negatively regulates transcription of the eps operon, which is responsible for the biosynthesis of an exopolysaccharide involved in biofilm formation; therefore it could govern the transition between a state in which bacteria swim or swarm and a state in which bacteria assemb [...]

Transcriptional regulator for transition state genes; Ambiactive repressor and activator of the transcription of genes expressed during the transition state between vegetative growth and the onset of stationary phase and sporulation. It controls the expression of genes spovG and tycA. AbrB binds to the tycA promoter region at two A- and T-rich sites, it may be the sole repressor of tycA transcription; To B.subtilis Abh and SpoVT.

Type I signal peptidase; Required for the cleavage of the signal sequence of TasA and TapA, which are involved in biofilm formation. Belongs to the peptidase S26B family.

Transcriptional regulator for transition state genes; Ambiactive repressor and activator of the transcription of genes expressed during the transition state between vegetative growth and the onset of stationary phase and sporulation. It controls the expression of genes spovG and tycA. AbrB binds to the tycA promoter region at two A- and T-rich sites, it may be the sole repressor of tycA transcription; To B.subtilis Abh and SpoVT.

Response regulator; May play the central regulatory role in sporulation. It may be an element of the effector pathway responsible for the activation of sporulation genes in response to nutritional stress. Spo0A may act in concert with Spo0H (a sigma factor) to control the expression of some genes that are critical to the sporulation process. Repressor of abrB, activator of the spoIIa operon. Binds the DNA sequence 5'-TGNCGAA-3' (0A box).

Transcriptional regulator for transition state genes; Ambiactive repressor and activator of the transcription of genes expressed during the transition state between vegetative growth and the onset of stationary phase and sporulation. It controls the expression of genes spovG and tycA. AbrB binds to the tycA promoter region at two A- and T-rich sites, it may be the sole repressor of tycA transcription; To B.subtilis Abh and SpoVT.

Negative regulatory phosphatase acting on Spo0A-P (sporulation); Aspartyl-phosphate phosphatase which specifically dephosphorylates the sporulation transcription factor Spo0A-P and negatively regulates the sporulation initiation pathway in order to control the proper timing of sporulation. Belongs to the spo0E family.

Transcriptional regulator for transition state genes; Ambiactive repressor and activator of the transcription of genes expressed during the transition state between vegetative growth and the onset of stationary phase and sporulation. It controls the expression of genes spovG and tycA. AbrB binds to the tycA promoter region at two A- and T-rich sites, it may be the sole repressor of tycA transcription; To B.subtilis Abh and SpoVT.

Lipoprotein for biofilm formation; Required for biofilm formation. Required for the proper anchoring and polymerization of TasA amyloid fibers at the cell surface. Is also a minor component of TasA fibers.

Alpha-amylase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 13 family.

Transcriptional regulator for transition state genes; Ambiactive repressor and activator of the transcription of genes expressed during the transition state between vegetative growth and the onset of stationary phase and sporulation. It controls the expression of genes spovG and tycA. AbrB binds to the tycA promoter region at two A- and T-rich sites, it may be the sole repressor of tycA transcription; To B.subtilis Abh and SpoVT.

Alpha-amylase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 13 family.

Competence transcription factor (CTF); A master regulator required for the expression of late competence genes including comC, comE, comG and the bdbDC operon. Receives signals from SrfA, and possibly other regulatory COM genes, and transduces these signals to the late COM genes. Represses transcription of rok. May repress expression of a few genes.

Alpha-amylase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 13 family.

Modulator of protein tyrosine kinase EpsB; Evidence 2b: Function of strongly homologous gene; regulator.

Alpha-amylase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 13 family.

Flagellin protein; Flagellin is the subunit which polymerizes to form the filaments of bacterial flagella. Assembly into flagella requires FliW. Acts as a homeostatic autoinhibitory regulator to control its own cytoplasmic levels. Partner switching by flagellin between FliW and CsrA provides a flagellar assembly checkpoint to tightly control the timing of flagellin synthesis. Flagellin binds to assembly factor FliW, freeing translation regulator CsrA to repress translation of the flagellin mRNA. When the flagellar hook is assembled flagellin is secreted, depleting intracellular flagell [...]

Alpha-amylase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 13 family.

Antagonist of SinR; Acts as an antagonist to SinR. SinI prevents SinR from binding to its target sequence on the gene for AprE.

Alpha-amylase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 13 family.

Master regulator of biofilm formation; Negative as well as positive regulator of alternate developmental processes that are induced at the end of vegetative growth in response to nutrient depletion. Binds to the alkaline protease (aprE) gene at two sites. Also acts as a repressor of the key sporulation gene spo0A. Negatively regulates transcription of the eps operon, which is responsible for the biosynthesis of an exopolysaccharide involved in biofilm formation; therefore it could govern the transition between a state in which bacteria swim or swarm and a state in which bacteria assemb [...]