Alpha-acetolactate synthase; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type e: enzyme.

Acetohydroxy-acid isomeroreductase; Involved in the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA). Catalyzes an alkyl-migration followed by a ketol-acid reduction of (S)-2-acetolactate (S2AL) to yield (R)-2,3-dihydroxy-isovalerate. In the isomerase reaction, S2AL is rearranged via a Mg-dependent methyl migration to produce 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-ketobutyrate (HMKB). In the reductase reaction, this 2-ketoacid undergoes a metal-dependent reduction by NADPH to yield (R)-2,3-dihydroxy-isovalerate.

Alpha-acetolactate synthase; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type e: enzyme.

Ketomethiobutyrate-branched-chain/aromatic amino acid aminotransferase; Transaminates branched-chain amino acids and ketoglutarate. Involved in the final step of the methionine regeneration pathway, where ketomethiobutyrate (KMTB) is converted to methionine via a transamination. The amino donor preference is isoleucine, leucine, valine, phenylalanine, and tyrosine; Belongs to the class-IV pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.

Alpha-acetolactate synthase; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type e: enzyme.

2-isopropylmalate synthase; Catalyzes the condensation of the acetyl group of acetyl-CoA with 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate (2-oxoisovalerate) to form 3-carboxy-3- hydroxy-4-methylpentanoate (2-isopropylmalate); Belongs to the alpha-IPM synthase/homocitrate synthase family. LeuA type 1 subfamily.

Alpha-acetolactate synthase; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type e: enzyme.

Pyruvate carboxylase; Catalyzes a 2-step reaction, involving the ATP-dependent carboxylation of the covalently attached biotin in the first step and the transfer of the carboxyl group to pyruvate in the second, leading to oxaloacetate production. Fulfills an anaplerotic function in B.subtilis as it is necessary for growth on glucose, but is not required for sporulation.

Acetohydroxy-acid isomeroreductase; Involved in the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA). Catalyzes an alkyl-migration followed by a ketol-acid reduction of (S)-2-acetolactate (S2AL) to yield (R)-2,3-dihydroxy-isovalerate. In the isomerase reaction, S2AL is rearranged via a Mg-dependent methyl migration to produce 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-ketobutyrate (HMKB). In the reductase reaction, this 2-ketoacid undergoes a metal-dependent reduction by NADPH to yield (R)-2,3-dihydroxy-isovalerate.

Alpha-acetolactate synthase; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type e: enzyme.

Acetohydroxy-acid isomeroreductase; Involved in the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA). Catalyzes an alkyl-migration followed by a ketol-acid reduction of (S)-2-acetolactate (S2AL) to yield (R)-2,3-dihydroxy-isovalerate. In the isomerase reaction, S2AL is rearranged via a Mg-dependent methyl migration to produce 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-ketobutyrate (HMKB). In the reductase reaction, this 2-ketoacid undergoes a metal-dependent reduction by NADPH to yield (R)-2,3-dihydroxy-isovalerate.

Ketomethiobutyrate-branched-chain/aromatic amino acid aminotransferase; Transaminates branched-chain amino acids and ketoglutarate. Involved in the final step of the methionine regeneration pathway, where ketomethiobutyrate (KMTB) is converted to methionine via a transamination. The amino donor preference is isoleucine, leucine, valine, phenylalanine, and tyrosine; Belongs to the class-IV pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.

Acetohydroxy-acid isomeroreductase; Involved in the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA). Catalyzes an alkyl-migration followed by a ketol-acid reduction of (S)-2-acetolactate (S2AL) to yield (R)-2,3-dihydroxy-isovalerate. In the isomerase reaction, S2AL is rearranged via a Mg-dependent methyl migration to produce 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-ketobutyrate (HMKB). In the reductase reaction, this 2-ketoacid undergoes a metal-dependent reduction by NADPH to yield (R)-2,3-dihydroxy-isovalerate.

2-isopropylmalate synthase; Catalyzes the condensation of the acetyl group of acetyl-CoA with 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate (2-oxoisovalerate) to form 3-carboxy-3- hydroxy-4-methylpentanoate (2-isopropylmalate); Belongs to the alpha-IPM synthase/homocitrate synthase family. LeuA type 1 subfamily.

Acetohydroxy-acid isomeroreductase; Involved in the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA). Catalyzes an alkyl-migration followed by a ketol-acid reduction of (S)-2-acetolactate (S2AL) to yield (R)-2,3-dihydroxy-isovalerate. In the isomerase reaction, S2AL is rearranged via a Mg-dependent methyl migration to produce 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-ketobutyrate (HMKB). In the reductase reaction, this 2-ketoacid undergoes a metal-dependent reduction by NADPH to yield (R)-2,3-dihydroxy-isovalerate.

Ketopantoate hydroxymethyltransferase; Catalyzes the reversible reaction in which hydroxymethyl group from 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate is transferred onto alpha- ketoisovalerate to form ketopantoate; Belongs to the PanB family.

Acetohydroxy-acid isomeroreductase; Involved in the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA). Catalyzes an alkyl-migration followed by a ketol-acid reduction of (S)-2-acetolactate (S2AL) to yield (R)-2,3-dihydroxy-isovalerate. In the isomerase reaction, S2AL is rearranged via a Mg-dependent methyl migration to produce 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-ketobutyrate (HMKB). In the reductase reaction, this 2-ketoacid undergoes a metal-dependent reduction by NADPH to yield (R)-2,3-dihydroxy-isovalerate.

Pantothenate synthetase; Catalyzes the condensation of pantoate with beta-alanine in an ATP-dependent reaction via a pantoyl-adenylate intermediate. Belongs to the pantothenate synthetase family.

Acetohydroxy-acid isomeroreductase; Involved in the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA). Catalyzes an alkyl-migration followed by a ketol-acid reduction of (S)-2-acetolactate (S2AL) to yield (R)-2,3-dihydroxy-isovalerate. In the isomerase reaction, S2AL is rearranged via a Mg-dependent methyl migration to produce 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-ketobutyrate (HMKB). In the reductase reaction, this 2-ketoacid undergoes a metal-dependent reduction by NADPH to yield (R)-2,3-dihydroxy-isovalerate.

Ketopantoate reductase; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the ketopantoate reductase family.

Acetohydroxy-acid isomeroreductase; Involved in the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA). Catalyzes an alkyl-migration followed by a ketol-acid reduction of (S)-2-acetolactate (S2AL) to yield (R)-2,3-dihydroxy-isovalerate. In the isomerase reaction, S2AL is rearranged via a Mg-dependent methyl migration to produce 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-ketobutyrate (HMKB). In the reductase reaction, this 2-ketoacid undergoes a metal-dependent reduction by NADPH to yield (R)-2,3-dihydroxy-isovalerate.

2-dehydropantoate 2-reductase; Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of ketopantoate into pantoic acid.

Acetohydroxy-acid isomeroreductase; Involved in the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA). Catalyzes an alkyl-migration followed by a ketol-acid reduction of (S)-2-acetolactate (S2AL) to yield (R)-2,3-dihydroxy-isovalerate. In the isomerase reaction, S2AL is rearranged via a Mg-dependent methyl migration to produce 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-ketobutyrate (HMKB). In the reductase reaction, this 2-ketoacid undergoes a metal-dependent reduction by NADPH to yield (R)-2,3-dihydroxy-isovalerate.

Pyruvate carboxylase; Catalyzes a 2-step reaction, involving the ATP-dependent carboxylation of the covalently attached biotin in the first step and the transfer of the carboxyl group to pyruvate in the second, leading to oxaloacetate production. Fulfills an anaplerotic function in B.subtilis as it is necessary for growth on glucose, but is not required for sporulation.

Ketomethiobutyrate-branched-chain/aromatic amino acid aminotransferase; Transaminates branched-chain amino acids and ketoglutarate. Involved in the final step of the methionine regeneration pathway, where ketomethiobutyrate (KMTB) is converted to methionine via a transamination. The amino donor preference is isoleucine, leucine, valine, phenylalanine, and tyrosine; Belongs to the class-IV pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.

Alpha-acetolactate synthase; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type e: enzyme.

Ketomethiobutyrate-branched-chain/aromatic amino acid aminotransferase; Transaminates branched-chain amino acids and ketoglutarate. Involved in the final step of the methionine regeneration pathway, where ketomethiobutyrate (KMTB) is converted to methionine via a transamination. The amino donor preference is isoleucine, leucine, valine, phenylalanine, and tyrosine; Belongs to the class-IV pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.

Acetohydroxy-acid isomeroreductase; Involved in the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA). Catalyzes an alkyl-migration followed by a ketol-acid reduction of (S)-2-acetolactate (S2AL) to yield (R)-2,3-dihydroxy-isovalerate. In the isomerase reaction, S2AL is rearranged via a Mg-dependent methyl migration to produce 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-ketobutyrate (HMKB). In the reductase reaction, this 2-ketoacid undergoes a metal-dependent reduction by NADPH to yield (R)-2,3-dihydroxy-isovalerate.

Ketomethiobutyrate-branched-chain/aromatic amino acid aminotransferase; Transaminates branched-chain amino acids and ketoglutarate. Involved in the final step of the methionine regeneration pathway, where ketomethiobutyrate (KMTB) is converted to methionine via a transamination. The amino donor preference is isoleucine, leucine, valine, phenylalanine, and tyrosine; Belongs to the class-IV pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.

2-isopropylmalate synthase; Catalyzes the condensation of the acetyl group of acetyl-CoA with 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate (2-oxoisovalerate) to form 3-carboxy-3- hydroxy-4-methylpentanoate (2-isopropylmalate); Belongs to the alpha-IPM synthase/homocitrate synthase family. LeuA type 1 subfamily.

Ketomethiobutyrate-branched-chain/aromatic amino acid aminotransferase; Transaminates branched-chain amino acids and ketoglutarate. Involved in the final step of the methionine regeneration pathway, where ketomethiobutyrate (KMTB) is converted to methionine via a transamination. The amino donor preference is isoleucine, leucine, valine, phenylalanine, and tyrosine; Belongs to the class-IV pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.

Ketopantoate hydroxymethyltransferase; Catalyzes the reversible reaction in which hydroxymethyl group from 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate is transferred onto alpha- ketoisovalerate to form ketopantoate; Belongs to the PanB family.

2-isopropylmalate synthase; Catalyzes the condensation of the acetyl group of acetyl-CoA with 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate (2-oxoisovalerate) to form 3-carboxy-3- hydroxy-4-methylpentanoate (2-isopropylmalate); Belongs to the alpha-IPM synthase/homocitrate synthase family. LeuA type 1 subfamily.

Alpha-acetolactate synthase; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type e: enzyme.

2-isopropylmalate synthase; Catalyzes the condensation of the acetyl group of acetyl-CoA with 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate (2-oxoisovalerate) to form 3-carboxy-3- hydroxy-4-methylpentanoate (2-isopropylmalate); Belongs to the alpha-IPM synthase/homocitrate synthase family. LeuA type 1 subfamily.

Acetohydroxy-acid isomeroreductase; Involved in the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA). Catalyzes an alkyl-migration followed by a ketol-acid reduction of (S)-2-acetolactate (S2AL) to yield (R)-2,3-dihydroxy-isovalerate. In the isomerase reaction, S2AL is rearranged via a Mg-dependent methyl migration to produce 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-ketobutyrate (HMKB). In the reductase reaction, this 2-ketoacid undergoes a metal-dependent reduction by NADPH to yield (R)-2,3-dihydroxy-isovalerate.

2-isopropylmalate synthase; Catalyzes the condensation of the acetyl group of acetyl-CoA with 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate (2-oxoisovalerate) to form 3-carboxy-3- hydroxy-4-methylpentanoate (2-isopropylmalate); Belongs to the alpha-IPM synthase/homocitrate synthase family. LeuA type 1 subfamily.

Ketomethiobutyrate-branched-chain/aromatic amino acid aminotransferase; Transaminates branched-chain amino acids and ketoglutarate. Involved in the final step of the methionine regeneration pathway, where ketomethiobutyrate (KMTB) is converted to methionine via a transamination. The amino donor preference is isoleucine, leucine, valine, phenylalanine, and tyrosine; Belongs to the class-IV pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.

2-isopropylmalate synthase; Catalyzes the condensation of the acetyl group of acetyl-CoA with 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate (2-oxoisovalerate) to form 3-carboxy-3- hydroxy-4-methylpentanoate (2-isopropylmalate); Belongs to the alpha-IPM synthase/homocitrate synthase family. LeuA type 1 subfamily.

Methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase; Catalyzes the oxidation of malonate semialdehyde (MSA) and methylmalonate semialdehyde (MMSA) into acetyl-CoA and propanoyl-CoA, respectively.