Major cold-shock protein, RNA helicase co-factor, RNA co-chaperone; Binds to the pentamer sequences ATTGG and CCAAT with highest affinity in single-stranded DNA, and also to other sequences. Has greater affinity for ATTGG than CCAAT. Can act as transcriptional activator of cold shock genes by recognizing putative ATTGG-box elements present in promoter regions of genes induced under cold shock conditions.

RNA polymerase (alpha subunit); DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates.

Major cold-shock protein, RNA helicase co-factor, RNA co-chaperone; Binds to the pentamer sequences ATTGG and CCAAT with highest affinity in single-stranded DNA, and also to other sequences. Has greater affinity for ATTGG than CCAAT. Can act as transcriptional activator of cold shock genes by recognizing putative ATTGG-box elements present in promoter regions of genes induced under cold shock conditions.

RNA polymerase (beta subunit); DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates.

Major cold-shock protein, RNA helicase co-factor, RNA co-chaperone; Binds to the pentamer sequences ATTGG and CCAAT with highest affinity in single-stranded DNA, and also to other sequences. Has greater affinity for ATTGG than CCAAT. Can act as transcriptional activator of cold shock genes by recognizing putative ATTGG-box elements present in promoter regions of genes induced under cold shock conditions.

Omega subunit of RNA polymerase; Promotes RNA polymerase assembly. Latches the N- and C- terminal regions of the beta' subunit thereby facilitating its interaction with the beta and alpha subunits (By similarity).

Major cold-shock protein, RNA helicase co-factor, RNA co-chaperone; Binds to the pentamer sequences ATTGG and CCAAT with highest affinity in single-stranded DNA, and also to other sequences. Has greater affinity for ATTGG than CCAAT. Can act as transcriptional activator of cold shock genes by recognizing putative ATTGG-box elements present in promoter regions of genes induced under cold shock conditions.

Elongation factor Tu; This protein promotes the GTP-dependent binding of aminoacyl- tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes during protein biosynthesis.

Ribosome recycling factor; Responsible for the release of ribosomes from messenger RNA at the termination of protein biosynthesis. May increase the efficiency of translation by recycling ribosomes from one round of translation to another; Belongs to the RRF family.

RNA polymerase (alpha subunit); DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates.

Ribosome recycling factor; Responsible for the release of ribosomes from messenger RNA at the termination of protein biosynthesis. May increase the efficiency of translation by recycling ribosomes from one round of translation to another; Belongs to the RRF family.

RNA polymerase (beta subunit); DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates.

Ribosome recycling factor; Responsible for the release of ribosomes from messenger RNA at the termination of protein biosynthesis. May increase the efficiency of translation by recycling ribosomes from one round of translation to another; Belongs to the RRF family.

RNA polymerase (beta' subunit); DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates.

Ribosome recycling factor; Responsible for the release of ribosomes from messenger RNA at the termination of protein biosynthesis. May increase the efficiency of translation by recycling ribosomes from one round of translation to another; Belongs to the RRF family.

Elongation factor Tu; This protein promotes the GTP-dependent binding of aminoacyl- tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes during protein biosynthesis.

Transcription elongation factor; Necessary for efficient RNA polymerase transcription elongation past template-encoded arresting sites. The arresting sites in DNA have the property of trapping a certain fraction of elongating RNA polymerases that pass through, resulting in locked ternary complexes. Cleavage of the nascent transcript by cleavage factors such as GreA or GreB allows the resumption of elongation from the new 3'terminus. GreA releases sequences of 2 to 3 nucleotides (By similarity); Belongs to the GreA/GreB family.

Transcription-repair coupling factor; Couples transcription and DNA repair by recognizing RNA polymerase (RNAP) stalled at DNA lesions. Mediates ATP-dependent release of RNAP and its truncated transcript from the DNA, and recruitment of nucleotide excision repair machinery to the damaged site; In the N-terminal section; belongs to the UvrB family.

Transcription elongation factor; Necessary for efficient RNA polymerase transcription elongation past template-encoded arresting sites. The arresting sites in DNA have the property of trapping a certain fraction of elongating RNA polymerases that pass through, resulting in locked ternary complexes. Cleavage of the nascent transcript by cleavage factors such as GreA or GreB allows the resumption of elongation from the new 3'terminus. GreA releases sequences of 2 to 3 nucleotides (By similarity); Belongs to the GreA/GreB family.

RNA polymerase (alpha subunit); DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates.

Transcription elongation factor; Necessary for efficient RNA polymerase transcription elongation past template-encoded arresting sites. The arresting sites in DNA have the property of trapping a certain fraction of elongating RNA polymerases that pass through, resulting in locked ternary complexes. Cleavage of the nascent transcript by cleavage factors such as GreA or GreB allows the resumption of elongation from the new 3'terminus. GreA releases sequences of 2 to 3 nucleotides (By similarity); Belongs to the GreA/GreB family.

RNA polymerase (beta subunit); DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates.

Transcription elongation factor; Necessary for efficient RNA polymerase transcription elongation past template-encoded arresting sites. The arresting sites in DNA have the property of trapping a certain fraction of elongating RNA polymerases that pass through, resulting in locked ternary complexes. Cleavage of the nascent transcript by cleavage factors such as GreA or GreB allows the resumption of elongation from the new 3'terminus. GreA releases sequences of 2 to 3 nucleotides (By similarity); Belongs to the GreA/GreB family.

RNA polymerase (beta' subunit); DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates.

Transcription elongation factor; Necessary for efficient RNA polymerase transcription elongation past template-encoded arresting sites. The arresting sites in DNA have the property of trapping a certain fraction of elongating RNA polymerases that pass through, resulting in locked ternary complexes. Cleavage of the nascent transcript by cleavage factors such as GreA or GreB allows the resumption of elongation from the new 3'terminus. GreA releases sequences of 2 to 3 nucleotides (By similarity); Belongs to the GreA/GreB family.

Omega subunit of RNA polymerase; Promotes RNA polymerase assembly. Latches the N- and C- terminal regions of the beta' subunit thereby facilitating its interaction with the beta and alpha subunits (By similarity).

Transcription elongation factor; Necessary for efficient RNA polymerase transcription elongation past template-encoded arresting sites. The arresting sites in DNA have the property of trapping a certain fraction of elongating RNA polymerases that pass through, resulting in locked ternary complexes. Cleavage of the nascent transcript by cleavage factors such as GreA or GreB allows the resumption of elongation from the new 3'terminus. GreA releases sequences of 2 to 3 nucleotides (By similarity); Belongs to the GreA/GreB family.

Elongation factor Tu; This protein promotes the GTP-dependent binding of aminoacyl- tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes during protein biosynthesis.

Cryptic glutamate dehydrogenase; GudB seems to be intrinsically inactive, however spontaneous mutations removing a 9-bp direct repeat within the wild-type gudB sequence activated the GudB protein and allowed more-efficient utilization of amino acids of the glutamate family. This insertion presumably causes severe destabilization of the fold of the protein, leading to an inactive enzyme that is very quickly degraded. The cryptic GudB serves as a buffer that may compensate for mutations in the rocG gene and that can also be decryptified for the utilization of glutamate as a single carbon [...]

Glutamate dehydrogenase; Devoted to catabolic function of glutamate (and other amino acids of the glutamate family) utilization as sole nitrogen source. It is not involved in anabolic function of glutamate biosynthesis since B.subtilis possesses only one route of glutamate biosynthesis from ammonia, catalyzed by glutamate synthase. RocG is unable to utilize glutamate or glutamine as sole carbon source and to synthesize glutamate, but it is involved in the utilization of arginine, and proline as carbon or nitrogen source. The catabolic RocG is essential for controlling gltAB expression [...]

DNA 3'-5' helicase IV; Catalyzes the unwinding of duplex DNA in the 3' to 5' direction; this reaction is dependent on the hydrolysis of ATP.

RNA polymerase (alpha subunit); DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates.

DNA 3'-5' helicase IV; Catalyzes the unwinding of duplex DNA in the 3' to 5' direction; this reaction is dependent on the hydrolysis of ATP.

RNA polymerase (beta subunit); DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates.

DNA 3'-5' helicase IV; Catalyzes the unwinding of duplex DNA in the 3' to 5' direction; this reaction is dependent on the hydrolysis of ATP.

RNA polymerase (beta' subunit); DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates.

DNA 3'-5' helicase IV; Catalyzes the unwinding of duplex DNA in the 3' to 5' direction; this reaction is dependent on the hydrolysis of ATP.

RNA polymerase (delta subunit); Participates in both the initiation and recycling phases of transcription. In the presence of the delta subunit, RNAP displays an increased specificity of transcription, a decreased affinity for nucleic acids, and an increased efficiency of RNA synthesis because of enhanced recycling. May function in sigma factor switching. It displaces RNA bound to RNA polymerase in a binary complex; Belongs to the RpoE family.

DNA 3'-5' helicase IV; Catalyzes the unwinding of duplex DNA in the 3' to 5' direction; this reaction is dependent on the hydrolysis of ATP.

Omega subunit of RNA polymerase; Promotes RNA polymerase assembly. Latches the N- and C- terminal regions of the beta' subunit thereby facilitating its interaction with the beta and alpha subunits (By similarity).