STRINGSTRING
rpsM rpsM trxB trxB gapA gapA copZ copZ fadN fadN fadE fadE tpx tpx gapB gapB fadB fadB leuB leuB adhA adhA mmgC mmgC yngJ yngJ bshA bshA bshBB bshBB bshR bshR ilvD ilvD fosB fosB xylB xylB dapA dapA bshC bshC ohrR ohrR ohrA ohrA hmp hmp fabI fabI thiG thiG nsrR nsrR glpD glpD yobR yobR yfhM yfhM yfiU yfiU bst bst yfiS yfiS malP malP yqjM yqjM ypdA ypdA dinB dinB purL purL gatC gatC guaB guaB tufA tufA rplC rplC rpsC rpsC rpmJ rpmJ ywrO ywrO glmS glmS sigB sigB purA purA yxjG yxjG pta pta acdA acdA fbaA fbaA rpsF rpsF ppaC ppaC
Nodes:
Network nodes represent proteins
splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
Node Color
colored nodes:
query proteins and first shell of interactors
white nodes:
second shell of interactors
Node Content
empty nodes:
proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
Edges:
Edges represent protein-protein associations
associations are meant to be specific and meaningful, i.e. proteins jointly contribute to a shared function; this does not necessarily mean they are physically binding to each other.
Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
Others
textmining
co-expression
protein homology
Your Input:
rpsMRibosomal protein S13; Located at the top of the head of the 30S subunit, it contacts several helices of the 16S rRNA. In the 70S ribosome it contacts the 23S rRNA (bridge B1a) and protein L5 of the 50S subunit (bridge B1b), connecting the 2 subunits; these bridges are implicated in subunit movement. Contacts the tRNAs in the A and P-sites. Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS13 family. (121 aa)
trxBThioredoxin reductase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the class-II pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family. (316 aa)
gapAGlyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; Involved in the glycolysis. Catalyzes the oxidative phosphorylation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) to 1,3- bisphosphoglycerate (BPG) using the cofactor NAD. The first reaction step involves the formation of a hemiacetal intermediate between G3P and a cysteine residue, and this hemiacetal intermediate is then oxidized to a thioester, with concomitant reduction of NAD to NADH. The reduced NADH is then exchanged with the second NAD, and the thioester is attacked by a nucleophilic inorganic phosphate to produce BPG. (335 aa)
copZCopper insertion chaperone and transporter component; Chaperone that serves for the intracellular sequestration and transport of Cu(+). Delivers Cu(+) to the copper-transporting ATPase CopA. Functions in E.coli to transfer Cu(+) to CopA missing its first metal-binding domain. (69 aa)
fadNenoyl-CoA hydratase / 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase; Involved in the degradation of long-chain fatty acids; Belongs to the 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase family. (789 aa)
fadEacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (FAD dependent); Involved in the degradation of long-chain fatty acids. (594 aa)
tpxPutative peroxiredoxin; Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively. Plays a role in cell protection against oxidative stress by detoxifying peroxides. (167 aa)
gapBGlyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; Involved in the gluconeogenesis. Catalyzes the oxidative phosphorylation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) to 1,3- bisphosphoglycerate (BPG) using the cofactor NADP. The first reaction step involves the formation of a hemiacetal intermediate between G3P and a cysteine residue, and this hemiacetal intermediate is then oxidized to a thioester, with concomitant reduction of NADP to NADPH. The reduced NADPH is then exchanged with the second NADP, and the thioester is attacked by a nucleophilic inorganic phosphate to produce BPG; Belongs to the gl [...] (340 aa)
fadBenoyl-CoA hydratase; Involved in the degradation of long-chain fatty acids. (258 aa)
leuB3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase; Catalyzes the oxidation of 3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-4- methylpentanoate (3-isopropylmalate) to 3-carboxy-4-methyl-2- oxopentanoate. The product decarboxylates to 4-methyl-2 oxopentanoate; Belongs to the isocitrate and isopropylmalate dehydrogenases family. LeuB type 1 subfamily. (365 aa)
adhAPutative dehydrogenase; Functions in the protection against aldehyde-stress. Belongs to the zinc-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family. (349 aa)
mmgCShort chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family. (379 aa)
yngJacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, short-chain specific; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family. (380 aa)
bshAMalate glycosyltransferase for bacillithiol synthesis; Involved in bacillithiol (BSH) biosynthesis. Catalyzes the first step of the pathway, the formation of N-acetylglucosaminylmalate (GlcNAc-Mal) from UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) and L-malate. Belongs to the glycosyltransferase group 1 family. Glycosyltransferase 4 subfamily. (377 aa)
bshBBMalate N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase (second enzyme); Involved in bacillithiol (BSH) biosynthesis. Catalyzes the second step of the pathway, the deacetylation of N- acetylglucosaminylmalate (GlcNAc-Mal) to glucosamine malate (GlcN-Mal). Belongs to the PIGL family. (221 aa)
bshRProtein disulfide isomerase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the UPF0403 family. (144 aa)
ilvDDihydroxy-acid dehydratase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the IlvD/Edd family. (558 aa)
fosBMetallothiol transferase; Metallothiol transferase which confers resistance to fosfomycin by catalyzing the addition of a thiol cofactor to fosfomycin. L-cysteine is probably the physiological thiol donor. (144 aa)
xylBXylulose kinase; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-xylulose to D-xylulose 5- phosphate; Belongs to the FGGY kinase family. (499 aa)
dapADihydrodipicolinate synthase; Catalyzes the condensation of (S)-aspartate-beta-semialdehyde [(S)-ASA] and pyruvate to 4-hydroxy-tetrahydrodipicolinate (HTPA). (290 aa)
bshCMalate glucosamine cysteine ligase; Involved in bacillithiol (BSH) biosynthesis. May catalyze the last step of the pathway, the addition of cysteine to glucosamine malate (GlcN-Mal) to generate BSH. (539 aa)
ohrRTranscriptional regulator sensing organic peroxides; Organic peroxide sensor. Represses the expression of the peroxide-inducible gene ohrA by cooperative binding to two inverted repeat elements. (147 aa)
ohrAPeroxiredoxin; Involved in organic hydroperoxide resistance. Belongs to the OsmC/Ohr family. (141 aa)
hmpFlavohemoglobin; Is involved in NO detoxification in an aerobic process, termed nitric oxide dioxygenase (NOD) reaction that utilizes O(2) and NAD(P)H to convert NO to nitrate, which protects the bacterium from various noxious nitrogen compounds. Therefore, plays a central role in the inducible response to nitrosative stress (By similarity). In the C-terminal section; belongs to the flavoprotein pyridine nucleotide cytochrome reductase family. (399 aa)
fabIEnoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase; Catalyzes the reduction of a carbon-carbon double bond in an enoyl moiety that is covalently linked to an acyl carrier protein (ACP). Involved in the elongation cycle of fatty acid which are used in the lipid metabolism. (258 aa)
thiGHydroxyethylthiazole phosphate synthetase (thiamine biosynthesis); Catalyzes the rearrangement of 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate (DXP) to produce the thiazole phosphate moiety of thiamine. Sulfur is provided by the thiocarboxylate moiety of the carrier protein ThiS. In vitro, sulfur can be provided by H(2)S. (256 aa)
nsrRNO-dependent activator of the ResDE regulon; Nitric oxide-responsive transcriptional regulator. It represses the expression of flavohemoprotein hmp and the nitrite reductase nasD. Probably plays a role in the up-regulation of the resDE regulon in the presence of nitric oxide. (146 aa)
glpDGlycerol-3-phosphate oxidase; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type e: enzyme. (555 aa)
yobRPutative acetyltransferase; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; putative enzyme; Belongs to the acetyltransferase family. (247 aa)
yfhMEpoxide hydrolase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. Epoxide hydrolase family. (286 aa)
yfiUPutative efflux transporter; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; Product type pt: putative transporter. (518 aa)
bstBacillithiol S-transferase; Possible metal-dependent hydrolase; Belongs to the metal hydrolase YfiT family. (178 aa)
yfiSPutative efflux transporter; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; Product type pt: putative transporter. (417 aa)
malPPhosphotransferase system (PTS) maltose-specific enzyme IICB component; The phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (sugar PTS), a major carbohydrate active transport system, catalyzes the phosphorylation of incoming sugar substrates concomitantly with their translocation across the cell membrane. This system is involved in maltose transport. (527 aa)
yqjMNADPH-dependent flavin oxidoreductase; Catalyzes the reduction of the double bond of an array of alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes and ketones. It also reduces the nitro group of nitroester and nitroaromatic compounds. It could have a role in detoxification processes; Belongs to the NADH:flavin oxidoreductase/NADH oxidase family. NamA subfamily. (338 aa)
ypdAPutative FAD-dependent disulfide oxidoreductase; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; Product type pe: putative enzyme. (324 aa)
dinBNuclease inhibitor; Evidence 2b: Function of strongly homologous gene; regulator. (172 aa)
purLPhosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthetase II; Part of the phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase complex involved in the purines biosynthetic pathway. Catalyzes the ATP-dependent conversion of formylglycinamide ribonucleotide (FGAR) and glutamine to yield formylglycinamidine ribonucleotide (FGAM) and glutamate. The FGAM synthase complex is composed of three subunits. PurQ produces an ammonia molecule by converting glutamine to glutamate. PurL transfers the ammonia molecule to FGAR to form FGAM in an ATP- dependent manner. PurS interacts with PurQ and PurL and is thought to assis [...] (742 aa)
gatCglutamyl-tRNA(Gln) amidotransferase (subunit C); Allows the formation of correctly charged Asn-tRNA(Asn) or Gln-tRNA(Gln) through the transamidation of misacylated Asp-tRNA(Asn) or Glu-tRNA(Gln) in organisms which lack either or both of asparaginyl- tRNA or glutaminyl-tRNA synthetases. The reaction takes place in the presence of glutamine and ATP through an activated phospho-Asp- tRNA(Asn) or phospho-Glu-tRNA(Gln) (By similarity); Belongs to the GatC family. (96 aa)
guaBInosine-monophosphate dehydrogenase; Catalyzes the conversion of inosine 5'-phosphate (IMP) to xanthosine 5'-phosphate (XMP), the first committed and rate-limiting step in the de novo synthesis of guanine nucleotides, and therefore plays an important role in the regulation of cell growth. (488 aa)
tufAElongation factor Tu; This protein promotes the GTP-dependent binding of aminoacyl- tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes during protein biosynthesis. (396 aa)
rplCRibosomal protein L3 (BL3); One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds directly near the 3'-end of the 23S rRNA, where it nucleates assembly of the 50S subunit (By similarity). Strongly stimulates 23S rRNA precursor processing by mini-ribonuclease 3 (MrnC); 20-30% DMSO can replace L3, suggesting the protein may alter rRNA conformation; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL3 family. (209 aa)
rpsCRibosomal protein S3 (BS3); Binds the lower part of the 30S subunit head. Binds mRNA in the 70S ribosome, positioning it for translation; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS3 family. (218 aa)
rpmJRibosomal protein L36 (ribosomal protein B); Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type f: factor. (37 aa)
ywrONitroreductase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme. (175 aa)
glmSL-glutamine-D-fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase; Catalyzes the first step in hexosamine metabolism, converting fructose-6P into glucosamine-6P using glutamine as a nitrogen source. (600 aa)
sigBRNA polymerase sigma-37 factor (sigma(B)); Sigma factors are initiation factors that promote the attachment of RNA polymerase to specific initiation sites and are then released. Sigma B is not essential for sporulation; rather it is required for maximal expression of ctc and csbA which are transcribed in the early stationary phase under conditions inimical to sporulation. May play a role in the ability of the bacterium to adapt to various stresses but is not essential for its survival under these conditions. Positively regulates expression of its own operon; Belongs to the sigma-70 fac [...] (262 aa)
purAAdenylosuccinate synthetase; Plays an important role in the de novo pathway of purine nucleotide biosynthesis. Catalyzes the first committed step in the biosynthesis of AMP from IMP; Belongs to the adenylosuccinate synthetase family. (430 aa)
yxjGPutative methyltetrahydrofolate methyltransferase; Evidence 3: Function proposed based on presence of conserved amino acid motif, structural feature or limited homology; Product type pe: putative enzyme; To B.subtilis YxjH. (378 aa)
ptaPhosphotransacetylase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme. (323 aa)
acdAacyl-CoA dehydrogenase; Involved in the degradation of long-chain fatty acids. (379 aa)
fbaAFructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase; Catalyzes the aldol condensation of dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP or glycerone-phosphate) with glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) to form fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) in gluconeogenesis and the reverse reaction in glycolysis. (285 aa)
rpsFRibosomal protein S6 (BS9); Binds together with S18 to 16S ribosomal RNA. (95 aa)
ppaCInorganic pyrophosphatase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme. (309 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Bacillus subtilis 168
NCBI taxonomy Id: 224308
Other names: B. subtilis subsp. subtilis str. 168, Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis 168, Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis str. 168, Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis str. BGSC 1A700
Server load: low (22%) [HD]
STRING is a Core Data Resource as designated by Global Biodata Coalition and ELIXIR.