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sipW sipW speB speB albA albA narK narK arfM arfM narG narG moaA moaA amtB amtB alsR alsR alsS alsS alsD alsD hag hag minJ minJ mdxK mdxK epsC epsC ktrA ktrA ilvB ilvB ilvH ilvH ilvC ilvC ppsE ppsE ppsD ppsD phy phy mntR mntR sinI sinI sinR sinR tapA tapA glmS glmS skfA skfA srfAA srfAA srfAB srfAB srfAC srfAC srfAD srfAD yczE yczE mntH mntH bdhA bdhA pgcA pgcA mgtE mgtE speA speA ylxL ylxL acpK acpK
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splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
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query proteins and first shell of interactors
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second shell of interactors
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proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
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from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
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textmining
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sipWType I signal peptidase; Required for the cleavage of the signal sequence of TasA and TapA, which are involved in biofilm formation. Belongs to the peptidase S26B family. (190 aa)
speBAgmatinase; Catalyzes the formation of putrescine from agmatine; Belongs to the arginase family. Agmatinase subfamily. (290 aa)
albAPutative antilisterial bacteriocin (subtilosin) production enzyme; Catalyzes the formation of 3 thioether bonds during production of the sactipeptide subtilosin from SboA. In vitro the thioether bonds cannot be made in the absence of the SboA propeptide, suggesting this is the first reaction in subtilosin maturation. In vitro, in the absence of a second substrate, cleaves S-adenosyl-L-methionine into Met and 5'-dA. (448 aa)
narKNitrite extrusion permease; Involved in excretion of nitrite produced by the dissimilatory reduction of nitrate; Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Nitrate/nitrite porter (TC 2.A.1.8) family. (395 aa)
arfMTranscriptional regulator; Activates, in anaerobic conditions, the transcription of the fermentative operons lctEP and alsDS, of the hmp gene encoding a flavohemoglobin-like protein, the nitrite reductase operon nasDE and the heme biosynthesis genes hemN and hemZ. (158 aa)
narGNitrate reductase (alpha subunit); The alpha chain is the actual site of nitrate reduction. (1228 aa)
moaAMolybdenum cofactor biosynthesis protein A; Catalyzes the cyclization of GTP to (8S)-3',8-cyclo-7,8- dihydroguanosine 5'-triphosphate (By similarity). Required for both nitrate assimilation and respiration. (341 aa)
amtBAmmonium transporter; Functions as an ammonium and methylammonium transporter in the absence of glutamine. Required for ammonium utilization at low concentrations or at low pH values, when ammonium is the single nitrogen source. Required for binding of NrgB to the membrane. Interaction between GlnK-AmtB complex and TnrA protects TnrA from proteolytic degradation. (404 aa)
alsRTranscriptional regulator controlling alsSD and ictEP expression (LysR family); Regulates the expression of the alsSD operon for acetoin biosynthesis. (302 aa)
alsSAlpha-acetolactate synthase; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type e: enzyme. (570 aa)
alsDAlpha-acetolactate decarboxylase; Converts acetolactate into acetoin, which can be excreted by the cells. This may be a mechanism for controlling the internal pH of cells in the stationary stage; Belongs to the alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase family. (255 aa)
hagFlagellin protein; Flagellin is the subunit which polymerizes to form the filaments of bacterial flagella. Assembly into flagella requires FliW. Acts as a homeostatic autoinhibitory regulator to control its own cytoplasmic levels. Partner switching by flagellin between FliW and CsrA provides a flagellar assembly checkpoint to tightly control the timing of flagellin synthesis. Flagellin binds to assembly factor FliW, freeing translation regulator CsrA to repress translation of the flagellin mRNA. When the flagellar hook is assembled flagellin is secreted, depleting intracellular flagell [...] (304 aa)
minJTopological determinant of cell division; The main function of the Min system is to promote the disassembly of the cytokinetic ring after cell division, thereby ensuring that division occurs only once per cell cycle. MinJ acts as a bridge between DivIVA and MinD. May modulate activity and localization of MinD and MinC through direct interaction with MinD. (397 aa)
mdxKMaltose phosphorylase; Catalyzes the phosphorolysis of maltose, leading to the formation of glucose and glucose 1-P. (757 aa)
epsCPutative UDP-sugar epimerase; Involved in biofilm formation; Belongs to the polysaccharide synthase family. (598 aa)
ktrAPotassium uptake protein; Catalytic subunit of the KtrAB potassium uptake transporter. The 2 major potassium transporter complexes KtrAB and KtrCD confer resistance to both suddenly imposed and prolonged osmotic stress. (222 aa)
ilvBAcetolactate synthase (acetohydroxy-acid synthase) (large subunit); Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type e: enzyme. (574 aa)
ilvHAcetolactate synthase (acetohydroxy-acid synthase) (small subunit); Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the acetolactate synthase small subunit family. (172 aa)
ilvCAcetohydroxy-acid isomeroreductase; Involved in the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA). Catalyzes an alkyl-migration followed by a ketol-acid reduction of (S)-2-acetolactate (S2AL) to yield (R)-2,3-dihydroxy-isovalerate. In the isomerase reaction, S2AL is rearranged via a Mg-dependent methyl migration to produce 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-ketobutyrate (HMKB). In the reductase reaction, this 2-ketoacid undergoes a metal-dependent reduction by NADPH to yield (R)-2,3-dihydroxy-isovalerate. (342 aa)
ppsEPlipastatin synthetase; This protein is a multifunctional enzyme, able to activate and polymerize the amino acid Ile as part of the biosynthesis of the lipopeptide antibiotic plipastatin. The activation sites for this amino acid consist of individual domains; Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family. (1279 aa)
ppsDPlipastatin synthetase; This protein is a multifunctional enzyme, able to activate and polymerize the amino acids Pro, Gln and Tyr as part of the biosynthesis of the lipopeptide antibiotic plipastatin. The Tyr residue is further epimerized to the D-isomer form. The activation sites for these amino acids consist of individual domains. Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family. (3603 aa)
phyPhytase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme. (382 aa)
mntRTranscriptional regulator (DtxR family); Central regulator of manganese homeostasis that regulates the expression of both manganese uptake and efflux systems. In the presence of high levels of manganese, it mediates repression of the manganese uptake systems MntH and MntABCD and activation of the efflux systems MneP and MneS. Binds with high affinity to the regulatory regions of its target genes. The manganese concentration required for activation of efflux is higher than that for repression of uptake ; Belongs to the DtxR/MntR family. (142 aa)
sinIAntagonist of SinR; Acts as an antagonist to SinR. SinI prevents SinR from binding to its target sequence on the gene for AprE. (57 aa)
sinRMaster regulator of biofilm formation; Negative as well as positive regulator of alternate developmental processes that are induced at the end of vegetative growth in response to nutrient depletion. Binds to the alkaline protease (aprE) gene at two sites. Also acts as a repressor of the key sporulation gene spo0A. Negatively regulates transcription of the eps operon, which is responsible for the biosynthesis of an exopolysaccharide involved in biofilm formation; therefore it could govern the transition between a state in which bacteria swim or swarm and a state in which bacteria assemb [...] (111 aa)
tapALipoprotein for biofilm formation; Required for biofilm formation. Required for the proper anchoring and polymerization of TasA amyloid fibers at the cell surface. Is also a minor component of TasA fibers. (253 aa)
glmSL-glutamine-D-fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase; Catalyzes the first step in hexosamine metabolism, converting fructose-6P into glucosamine-6P using glutamine as a nitrogen source. (600 aa)
skfASporulation killing factor A; Produces a 26-residue extracellular sporulation filling factor (SKF) that induces the lysis of other B.subtilis cells that have not entered the sporulation pathway, providing a source of nutrients to support sporulation, and at the same time delaying commitment to the energetically expensive and irreversible onset of sporulation. Can also inhibit growth of other bacteria at high concentrations. Addition of SKF to solid cultures induces killing, but it is much less effective than SDP (AC O34344). Has a role in protecting the secreted lipase LipA against pro [...] (55 aa)
srfAASurfactin synthetase; This protein is a multifunctional enzyme able to activate and polymerize the amino acids Leu, Glu, Asp and Val. Activation sites for these AA consist of individual domains. (3587 aa)
srfABSurfactin synthetase; This protein is a multifunctional enzyme able to activate and polymerize the amino acids Leu, Glu, Asp and Val. Activation sites for these AA consist of individual domains. (3583 aa)
srfACSurfactin synthetase; Probably activates a leucine. (1275 aa)
srfADSurfactin synthetase; Probable thioesterase involved in the biosynthesis of surfactin; Belongs to the thioesterase family. (242 aa)
yczEN-terminal part of 4'-phosphopantetheinyl transferase (Surfactin synthetase-activating enzyme); Evidence 7: Gene remnant; Product type e: enzyme. (215 aa)
mntHManganese transporter; H(+)-stimulated, divalent metal cation uptake system. Involved in manganese uptake. Can probably also transport cadmium, cobalt, copper and zinc, but not iron. May be the predominant transporter of manganese during logarithmic phase growth. (425 aa)
bdhAAcetoin reductase/2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme. (346 aa)
pgcAAlpha-phosphoglucomutase; Catalyzes the interconversion between glucose-6-phosphate and alpha-glucose-1-phosphate. This is the first step in the biosynthesis of diglucosyl-diacylglycerol (Glc2-DAG), i.e. the predominant glycolipid found in B.subtilis membrane, which is also used as a membrane anchor for lipoteichoic acid (LTA). Has a role in the biosynthesis of all phosphate-containing envelope polymers, since glucose-1-phosphate is the precursor of UDP-glucose, which serves as a glucosyl donor not only for the biosynthesis of LTA but also for wall teichoic acids (WTAs). Is required fo [...] (581 aa)
mgtEMagnesium transporter; Acts as a magnesium transporter. (451 aa)
speAArginine decarboxylase; Catalyzes the formation of agmatine from arginine. (490 aa)
ylxLCoupling factor for flagellin transcription and translation; Required for swarming motility and for maximal sigma-D activity. (167 aa)
acpKAcyl-carrier protein; Involved in some intermediate steps for the synthesis of the antibiotic polyketide bacillaene which is involved in secondary metabolism. (82 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Bacillus subtilis 168
NCBI taxonomy Id: 224308
Other names: B. subtilis subsp. subtilis str. 168, Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis 168, Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis str. 168, Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis str. BGSC 1A700
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