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rpsR rpsR argI argI sacA sacA spoIIID spoIIID flgL flgL hag hag yusV yusV dhbA dhbA dhbC dhbC dhbE dhbE dhbB dhbB dhbF dhbF comC comC sigF sigF recA recA cheW cheW flgE flgE flgD flgD flgC flgC dprA dprA pyrAB pyrAB pyrC pyrC pyrB pyrB sigG sigG cotY cotY coiA coiA carB carB argD argD argB argB argC argC comK comK nucA nucA rpoA rpoA rpsM rpsM rplO rplO rpsH rpsH rplV rplV rpsS rpsS rplD rplD tufA tufA fusA fusA rpsG rpsG rplL rplL clpC clpC
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splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
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query proteins and first shell of interactors
white nodes:
second shell of interactors
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empty nodes:
proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
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Edges represent protein-protein associations
associations are meant to be specific and meaningful, i.e. proteins jointly contribute to a shared function; this does not necessarily mean they are physically binding to each other.
Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
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textmining
co-expression
protein homology
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rpsRRibosomal protein S18; Binds as a heterodimer with protein S6 to the central domain of the 16S rRNA, where it helps stabilize the platform of the 30S subunit. (79 aa)
argIArginase; Involved in the catabolism of arginine. Belongs to the arginase family. (296 aa)
sacASucrase-6-phosphate hydrolase; Evidence 2b: Function of strongly homologous gene; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 32 family. (479 aa)
spoIIIDTranscriptional regulator; This protein regulates the transcription of sigK, which encodes mother cell chamber RNA polymerase sigma-factor (sigma K). (93 aa)
flgLFlagellar hook-filament junction; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; structure. (298 aa)
hagFlagellin protein; Flagellin is the subunit which polymerizes to form the filaments of bacterial flagella. Assembly into flagella requires FliW. Acts as a homeostatic autoinhibitory regulator to control its own cytoplasmic levels. Partner switching by flagellin between FliW and CsrA provides a flagellar assembly checkpoint to tightly control the timing of flagellin synthesis. Flagellin binds to assembly factor FliW, freeing translation regulator CsrA to repress translation of the flagellin mRNA. When the flagellar hook is assembled flagellin is secreted, depleting intracellular flagell [...] (304 aa)
yusViron(III)-siderophore transporter (ATP binding component); Provides the ATPase subunit for at least 2 ABC transporter complexes; YfiYZ/YfhA/YusV involved in import of the iron-hydroxamate siderophores schizokinen, arthrobactin and corprogen (Probable), and FeuABC/YusV involved in import of the catecholate siderophores bacillibactin and enterobactin (Probable). Probably responsible for energy coupling to the transport system (By similarity). (275 aa)
dhbA2,3-dihydro-2,3-dihydroxybenzoate dehydrogenase; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family. (261 aa)
dhbCIsochorismate synthase; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the isochorismate synthase family. (398 aa)
dhbE2,3-dihydroxybenzoate-AMP ligase; Involved in the biosynthesis of the catecholic siderophore bacillibactin. Catalyzes the activation of the carboxylate group of 2,3-dihydroxy-benzoate (DHB), via ATP-dependent PPi exchange reactions, to the acyladenylate. (539 aa)
dhbBIsochorismatase; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type e: enzyme. (312 aa)
dhbFSiderophore 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate-glycine-threonine trimeric ester bacillibactin synthetase; Specifically adenylates threonine and glycine, and loads them onto their corresponding peptidyl carrier domains. (2378 aa)
comCMembrane protease and transmethylase; Cleaves type-4 fimbrial leader sequence and methylates the N- terminal (generally Phe) residue; Belongs to the peptidase A24 family. (248 aa)
sigFRNA polymerase sporulation-specific sigma factor (sigma-F); Sigma factors are initiation factors that promote the attachment of RNA polymerase to specific initiation sites and are then released. This sigma factor is responsible for the expression of sporulation specific genes. Interaction with SpoIIAB inhibits sigma-F activity throughout the cell before the formation of the asymmetric septum; after septation the interaction is confined to the mother cell, and sigma F activity is released in the prespore. Responsible for expression of csfB (the anti-sigma-G factor Gin). (255 aa)
recAMultifunctional SOS repair factor; Multifunctional protein involved in homologous recombination, DNA repair and competence. Can catalyze the hydrolysis of (d)ATP in the presence of single-stranded DNA; prefers dATP at least in vitro, catalyzes the dATP-dependent uptake of single- stranded DNA by duplex DNA, and the dATP-dependent hybridization of homologous single-stranded DNAs (strand exchange). RecA-ATP cannot catalyze homologous DNA strand exchange; SsbA and DprA activate strand exchange by RecA-ATP. It interacts with LexA causing its activation and leading to its autocatalytic clea [...] (348 aa)
cheWModulation of CheA activity in response to attractants (chemotaxis); Involved in the transmission of sensory signals from the chemoreceptors to the flagellar motors. CheV and CheW are involved in the coupling of the methyl-accepting chemoreceptors to the central two- component kinase CheA; they are both necessary for efficient chemotaxis. (156 aa)
flgEFlagellar hook protein; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type f: factor; Belongs to the flagella basal body rod proteins family. (264 aa)
flgDFlagellar hook assembly protein; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type pf: putative factor; Belongs to the FlgD family. (140 aa)
flgCFlagellar component of cell-proximal portion of basal-body rod; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type s: structure; Belongs to the flagella basal body rod proteins family. (150 aa)
dprADNA processing Smf single strand binding protein; Protein that helps load RecA onto ssDNA during transformation. Binds cooperatively to circular ssDNA, is able to bridge different segments of DNA. Favors the loading of RecA onto SsbA- or SsbB-coated ssDNA and formation of RecA-DNA filaments. RecA-ATP cannot catalyze homologous DNA strand exchange; SsbA and DprA activate strand exchange by RecA-ATP. (297 aa)
pyrABPyrimidine-specific carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase (large subunit); Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the CarB family. (1071 aa)
pyrCDihydroorotase; Catalyzes the reversible cyclization of carbamoyl aspartate to dihydroorotate. (428 aa)
pyrBAspartate carbamoyltransferase; Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme. (304 aa)
sigGRNA polymerase sporulation-specific sigma factor (sigma-G); Sigma factors are initiation factors that promote the attachment of RNA polymerase to specific initiation sites and are then released. This sigma factor is responsible for the expression of sporulation specific genes in the forespore. (260 aa)
cotYOuter spore coat protein (insoluble fraction); Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type cp: cell process. (162 aa)
coiAProtein involved in establishment of DNA transport in competence; Required for optimal transformation. (373 aa)
carBArginine-specific carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase (large subunit); Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the CarB family. (1030 aa)
argDN-acetylornithine aminotransferase; Evidence 2a: Function of homologous gene experimentally demonstrated in an other organism; Product type e: enzyme; Belongs to the class-III pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. ArgD subfamily. (385 aa)
argBN-acetylglutamate 5-phosphotransferase (acetylglutamate kinase); Catalyzes the ATP-dependent phosphorylation of N-acetyl-L- glutamate; Belongs to the acetylglutamate kinase family. ArgB subfamily. (258 aa)
argCN-acetylglutamate gamma-semialdehyde dehydrogenase; Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of N-acetyl-5- glutamyl phosphate to yield N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde. Belongs to the NAGSA dehydrogenase family. Type 1 subfamily. (345 aa)
comKCompetence transcription factor (CTF); A master regulator required for the expression of late competence genes including comC, comE, comG and the bdbDC operon. Receives signals from SrfA, and possibly other regulatory COM genes, and transduces these signals to the late COM genes. Represses transcription of rok. May repress expression of a few genes. (192 aa)
nucAEndonuclease; By degrading DNA that enters the cell, plays a role in the competence of cells to be transformed. Degrades both double-stranded, linear and covalently closed circular DNA. (147 aa)
rpoARNA polymerase (alpha subunit); DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. (314 aa)
rpsMRibosomal protein S13; Located at the top of the head of the 30S subunit, it contacts several helices of the 16S rRNA. In the 70S ribosome it contacts the 23S rRNA (bridge B1a) and protein L5 of the 50S subunit (bridge B1b), connecting the 2 subunits; these bridges are implicated in subunit movement. Contacts the tRNAs in the A and P-sites. Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS13 family. (121 aa)
rplORibosomal protein L15; Binds to the 23S rRNA; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL15 family. (146 aa)
rpsHRibosomal protein S8 (BS8); One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds directly to 16S rRNA central domain where it helps coordinate assembly of the platform of the 30S subunit; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS8 family. (132 aa)
rplVRibosomal protein L22 (BL17); This protein binds specifically to 23S rRNA; its binding is stimulated by other ribosomal proteins, e.g. L4, L17, and L20. It is important during the early stages of 50S assembly. It makes multiple contacts with different domains of the 23S rRNA in the assembled 50S subunit and ribosome (By similarity). (113 aa)
rpsSRibosomal protein S19 (BS19); Protein S19 forms a complex with S13 that binds strongly to the 16S ribosomal RNA. (92 aa)
rplDRibosomal protein L4; One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, this protein initially binds near the 5'-end of the 23S rRNA. It is important during the early stages of 50S assembly. It makes multiple contacts with different domains of the 23S rRNA in the assembled 50S subunit and ribosome. (207 aa)
tufAElongation factor Tu; This protein promotes the GTP-dependent binding of aminoacyl- tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes during protein biosynthesis. (396 aa)
fusAElongation factor G; Catalyzes the GTP-dependent ribosomal translocation step during translation elongation. During this step, the ribosome changes from the pre-translocational (PRE) to the post-translocational (POST) state as the newly formed A-site-bound peptidyl-tRNA and P-site-bound deacylated tRNA move to the P and E sites, respectively. Catalyzes the coordinated movement of the two tRNA molecules, the mRNA and conformational changes in the ribosome (By similarity). (692 aa)
rpsGRibosomal protein S7 (BS7); One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds directly to 16S rRNA where it nucleates assembly of the head domain of the 30S subunit. Is located at the subunit interface close to the decoding center, probably blocks exit of the E-site tRNA; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS7 family. (156 aa)
rplLRibosomal protein L12 (BL9); Forms part of the ribosomal stalk which helps the ribosome interact with GTP-bound translation factors. Is thus essential for accurate translation. (123 aa)
clpCClass III stress response-related ATPase, AAA+ superfamily; Competence gene repressor; required for cell growth at high temperature. Negative regulator of comK expression. May interact with MecA to negatively regulate comK; Belongs to the ClpA/ClpB family. ClpC subfamily. (810 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Bacillus subtilis 168
NCBI taxonomy Id: 224308
Other names: B. subtilis subsp. subtilis str. 168, Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis 168, Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis str. 168, Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis str. BGSC 1A700
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