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MP65 MP65 PDE2 PDE2 MSB1 MSB1 NOT5 NOT5 TPK2 TPK2 HIS4 HIS4 ALS9 ALS9 ALS4 ALS4 CYR1 CYR1 NPT1 NPT1 STE2 STE2 EAP1 EAP1 PMT1 PMT1 ALS2 ALS2 TUP1 TUP1 XOG1 XOG1 ADF1 ADF1 MNT2 MNT2 HWP1 HWP1 BUD4 BUD4 ASC1 ASC1 PRA1 PRA1 MNT1 MNT1 ALS3 ALS3 TRY2 TRY2 BRG1 BRG1 UME6 UME6 FGR27 FGR27 HWP2 HWP2 SPF1 SPF1 CSH1 CSH1 ACE2 ACE2 CaO19.3483 CaO19.3483 CRZ2 CRZ2 SWI1 SWI1 RBT5 RBT5 PGA23 PGA23 PGA22 PGA22 WAR1 WAR1 ADA2 ADA2 EFG1 EFG1 GPD1 GPD1 DSE1 DSE1 YWP1 YWP1 AFT2 AFT2 CaO19.3089 CaO19.3089 TRY3 TRY3 ALS6 ALS6 ALS7 ALS7 AHR1 AHR1 TRY5 TRY5 BUD2 BUD2 PGA28 PGA28 RHR2 RHR2 ALS1 ALS1 ALS5 ALS5 CHS7 CHS7 IFF4 IFF4 PBR1 PBR1 PGA63 PGA63 PGA1 PGA1 TRY6 TRY6 TDH3 TDH3 PGA32 PGA32 PGA18 PGA18 CaO19.278 CaO19.278 DFI1 DFI1 MCM1 MCM1 FGR23 FGR23 SFL2 SFL2 CAS5 CAS5 CaO19.4563 CaO19.4563 TRY4 TRY4 SFP1 SFP1 TEC1 TEC1 FGR41 FGR41 WOR1 WOR1
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query proteins and first shell of interactors
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second shell of interactors
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proteins of unknown 3D structure
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a 3D structure is known or predicted
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MP65Cell surface mannoprotein MP65; Surface mannoprotein required for hyphal morphogenesis, surface adherence, and pathogenicity. Contributes in a high proportion to the carbohydrate component of the matrix due to high levels of glycosylation and may play important roles during biofilm development and maintenance. Acts as a major antigen target of host cell-mediated immune response. Induces extensive T-cell proliferation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Facilitates host dendritic cells maturation and promotes cytokine production through its glycosylated portion while its protei [...] (378 aa)
PDE2Phosphodiesterase. (571 aa)
MSB1Msb1p. (1287 aa)
NOT5CCR4-NOT core subunit. (662 aa)
TPK2cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. (413 aa)
HIS4Histidine biosynthesis trifunctional protein. (838 aa)
ALS9Agglutinin-like protein 9; Cell surface adhesion protein which mediates both yeast-to- host tissue adherence and yeast aggregation. Plays an important role in the pathogenesis of C.albicans infections. Allele ALS9-2 contributes to endothelial cell adhesion, whereas ALS9-1 does not. (1890 aa)
ALS4Agglutinin-like protein 4; Cell surface adhesion protein which mediates both yeast-to- host tissue adherence and yeast aggregation. Plays an important role in the pathogenesis of C.albicans infections. (2100 aa)
CYR1Adenylate cyclase. (1690 aa)
NPT1Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase; Catalyzes the synthesis of beta-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide from nicotinate and 5-phospho-D-ribose 1-phosphate at the expense of ATP; Belongs to the NAPRTase family. (421 aa)
STE2Alpha-factor pheromone receptor. (469 aa)
EAP1Cell wall adhesin EAP1; Cell wall protein which mediates cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesion. Required for biofilm formation and plays a role in virulence. Belongs to the PGA18 family. (653 aa)
PMT1Dolichyl-phosphate-mannose--protein mannosyltransferase 1; Protein mannosyltransferase (PMT) involved in hyphal growth and drug sensitivity. Transfers mannose from Dol-P-mannose to Ser or Thr residues on proteins. PMT1, PMT2 and PMT4 account for most of the protein-O-glycosylation activity, while PMT5 and PMT6 may specifically modulate a much narrower spectrum of target proteins. Accounts for the O-glycosylation of the cell wall proteins KRE9, PIR2, RHD3, and ALS1, as well as the SEC20 t-SNARE component. O-glycosylation of SEC20 is essential for its stability. Required for filamentatio [...] (877 aa)
ALS2Agglutinin-like protein 2; Cell surface adhesion protein which mediates both yeast-to- host tissue adherence and yeast aggregation. Plays an important role in the pathogenesis of C.albicans infections. Belongs to the ALS family. (2530 aa)
TUP1Transcriptional repressor TUP1; Represses transcription by RNA polymerase II. Represses genes responsible for initiating filamentous growth such as HWP1, RBT1, RBT2, RBT4, RBT5, RBT7 and WAP1; and this repression is lifted under inducing environmental conditions. Represses also genes which participate in pathogenesis. Crucial component of the response to farnesol. Plays an important role in the regulation of white-opaque switching. (512 aa)
XOG1Glucan 1,3-beta-glucosidase; Major glucan 1,3-beta-glucosidase required for cell wall integrity. Beta-glucanases participate in the metabolism of beta- glucan, the main structural component of the cell wall. Can also function biosynthetically as a transglycosylase. Functions to deliver glucan from the cell to the extracellular matrix. Does not appear to impact cell wall glucan content of biofilm cells, nor is it necessary for filamentation or biofilm formation. Involved in cell-substrate and cell-cell adhesion. Adhesion to host-cell surfaces is the first critical step during mucosal in [...] (438 aa)
ADF1Adherence factor; Surface antigen mediating adhesion and aggregation in S.cerevisiae. (612 aa)
MNT2Glycolipid 2-alpha-mannosyltransferase 2; Involved in O-glycosylation of cell wall and secreted proteins. Transfers an alpha-D-mannosyl residue from GDP-mannose into lipid-linked oligosaccharide, forming an alpha-(1->2)-D-mannosyl-D- mannose linkage. Mainly responsible for the addition of the third mannose residue in an O-linked mannose pentamer. Can also substitute for MNT1 by adding the second mannose residue. Important for adherence to host surfaces and for virulence; Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 15 family. (461 aa)
HWP1Hyphal wall protein 1; Major hyphal cell wall protein which plays a role of adhesin and is required for mating, normal hyphal development, cell-to-cell adhesive functions necessary for biofilm integrity, attachment to host, and virulence. Promotes interactions with host and bacterial molecules, thus leading to effective colonization within polymicrobial communities. Plays a crucial role in gastrointestinal colonization, in mucosal symptomatic and asymptomatic infections, in vaginitis, as well as in lethal oroesophageal candidiasis, caused by the combined action of fungal virulence fact [...] (634 aa)
BUD4Bud site selection protein BUD4; Required for establishment of the axial budding pattern in yeast cells. May be involved in the selection of future sites of septation in hyphal cells. Contributes to morphogenesis and is important for induction of hyphal growth. Also plays a role in epithelial adherence, and is involved in intestinal colonization and systemic infection. The role in adhesion is probably minor compared with its role in morphogenesis. Belongs to the BUD4 family. (1709 aa)
ASC1Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-like protein; Located at the head of the 40S ribosomal subunit in the vicinity of the mRNA exit channel, it serves as a scaffold protein that can recruit other proteins to the ribosome. Involved in the negative regulation of translation of a specific subset of proteins (By similarity). Plays a role in morphogenesis and pathogenesis. (317 aa)
PRA1pH-regulated antigen PRA1; Cell surface protein involved in the host-parasite interaction during candidal infection. With MP65, represents a major component of the biofilm matrix. Sequesters zinc from host tissue and mediates leukocyte adhesion and migration. As a surface protein, binds the two human complement regulators CFH and CFHR1, as well as plasminogen PLG, mediates complement evasion and extra-cellular matrix interaction and/or degradation. As a released protein, enhances complement control in direct vicinity of the yeast and thus generates an additional protective layer which [...] (299 aa)
MNT1Glycolipid 2-alpha-mannosyltransferase 1; Involved in O-glycosylation of cell wall and secreted proteins. Transfers an alpha-D-mannosyl residue from GDP-mannose into lipid-linked oligosaccharide, forming an alpha-(1->2)-D-mannosyl-D- mannose linkage. Mainly responsible for the addition of the second mannose residue in an O-linked mannose pentamer. Can also substitute for MNT2 by adding the third mannose residue. Important for adherence to host surfaces and for virulence. (431 aa)
ALS3Agglutinin-like protein 3; Cell surface adhesion protein which mediates both yeast-to- host tissue adherence and yeast aggregation. Plays an important role in the biofilm formation and pathogenesis of C.albicans infections. Necessary for C.albicans to bind to N-cadherin on endothelial cells and E-cadherin on oral epithelial cells and subsequent endocytosis by these cells. During disseminated infection, mediates initial trafficking to the brain and renal cortex and contributes to fungal persistence in the kidneys. Belongs to the ALS family. (1155 aa)
TRY2Transcriptional regulator of yeast form adherence 2; Transcription factor required for yeast cell adherence to silicone substrate. (371 aa)
BRG1Biofilm regulator 1; Transcription factor required for hyphal growth, biofilm formation, and virulence. Promotes formation of both conventional and pheromone-stimulated biofilms. Binds and recruits HDA1 to promoters of hypha-specific genes in a rapamycin-dependent manner. Involved in the switch between two heritable states, the white and opaque states. These two cell types differ in many characteristics, including cell structure, mating competence, and virulence. Each state is heritable for many generations, and switching between states occurs stochastically at low frequency. (422 aa)
UME6Transcriptional regulatory protein UME6; Component of the RPD3C(L) histone deacetylase complex (HDAC) responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events (By similarity). UME6 controls the level and duration of gene expression in the filamentous growth program such as HGC1; and is specifically important for hyphal elongation and germ tube formation. Promo [...] (843 aa)
FGR27Filamentous growth regulator 27; Transcription factor involved in yeast cell adherence to silicone substrate, filamentous growth, and biofilm formation. (787 aa)
HWP2Hyphal wall protein 2; GPI-anchored cell wall protein required for mating efficiency, biofilm formation, adhesion, filamentous growth, and oxidative stress tolerance. Involved in normal disseminated infection in a mouse systemic candidiasis model. (908 aa)
SPF1Cation-transporting ATPase; Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type V subfamily. (1223 aa)
CSH1Csh1p. (337 aa)
ACE2Cell wall transcription factor ACE2; Transcription factor involved in the RAM (regulation of ACE2 transcription factor and polarized morphogenesis) signaling network that regulates polarized morphogenesis. Regulates expression of genes involved in cell separation such as CHT3, DSE1, and SCW11; or other cell wall genes such as ASH1, DSE4, PIR1, PRY2, and RME1. Required for regulation of morphogenesis, cell separation, adherence, biofilm formation, invasion, as well as virulence in a mouse model of infection. (783 aa)
CaO19.3483Phosphatidylglycerol phospholipase. (405 aa)
CRZ2Transcriptional regulator CRZ2; Transcription factor that regulates pH-induced filamentation with RIM101. Required for yeast cell adherence to silicone substrate and biofilm formation. (517 aa)
SWI1Swi1p. (987 aa)
RBT5Repressed by TUP1 protein 5; GPI-linked hyphal surface heme-binding protein involved in heme-iron utilization. Heme transfer can occur bi-directionally between PGA7 and RBT5, supporting a model in which they cooperate in a heme- acquisition system. The ability to acquire iron from host tissues is a major virulence factor of pathogenic microorganisms. Required for biofilm formation. (241 aa)
PGA23Predicted GPI-anchored protein 23; Probable cell surface protein involved in the process of adhesion and early events of invasion. (282 aa)
PGA22Probable GPI-anchored adhesin-like protein PGA22; Putative adhesin which may be involved in cell adhesion and virulence. (169 aa)
WAR1Transcriptional regulator WAR1; Transcription factor required for yeast cell adherence to silicone substrate. Plays a role in resistance to weak organic acids such as acetate and sorbate. Binds in vitro to a nitric oxide- responsive element (NORE) but seems not to be involved in response to nitrosative stress. (947 aa)
ADA2Transcriptional adapter 2; Functions as component of the transcription regulatory histone acetylation (HAT) complexes SAGA, SALSA and ADA. SAGA is involved in RNA polymerase II-dependent transcriptional regulation of approximately 10% of yeast genes. At the promoters, SAGA is required for recruitment of the basal transcription machinery. SAGA acetylates nucleosomal histone H3 to some extent (to form H3K9ac, H3K14ac, H3K18ac and H3K23ac). SAGA interacts with DNA via upstream activating sequences (UASs). SALSA, an altered form of SAGA, may be involved in positive transcriptional regulati [...] (445 aa)
EFG1Enhanced filamentous growth protein 1; Transcriptional regulator of the switch between 2 heritable states, the white and opaque states. These 2 cell types differ in many characteristics, including cell structure, mating competence, and virulence. Each state is heritable for many generations, and switching between states occurs stochastically, at low frequency. Antagonizes the action of WOR1, WOR2 and CZF1, and promotes the white state. In white cells, EFG1 represses WOR1 indirectly through WOR2 to maintain white cell identity. Binds target gene promoters at the EFG1 recognition sequenc [...] (550 aa)
GPD1Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [NAD(+)]. (403 aa)
DSE1Protein DSE1; Involved in cell wall metabolism and required for the separation of the mother and daughter cells. (724 aa)
YWP1Yeast-form wall Protein 1; Cell wall protein which plays an anti-adhesive role and promotes dispersal of yeast forms, which allows the organism to seek new sites for colonization. (533 aa)
AFT2Iron-regulated transcriptional activator AFT2; Transcription factor involved in iron metabolism, oxidative stress, surface adhesion, hyphal development and virulence. Functions as a negative regulator of MRS4 expression through the CACCC AFT-type sequence in a gene dose-dependent fashion. Acts as a repressor in flocculation, plastic adhesion, and surface hydrophobicity. (798 aa)
CaO19.3089PRELI/MSF1 domain-containing protein. (194 aa)
TRY3Transcriptional regulator of yeast form adherence 3; Transcription factor required for yeast cell adherence to silicone substrate. (494 aa)
ALS6Agglutinin-like protein 6; Cell surface adhesion protein which mediates both yeast-to- host tissue adherence and yeast aggregation. Plays an important role in the pathogenesis of C.albicans infections. (1366 aa)
ALS7Agglutinin-like protein 7; Cell surface adhesion protein which mediates both yeast-to- host tissue adherence and yeast aggregation. Plays an important role in the pathogenesis of C.albicans infections. Belongs to the ALS family. (1568 aa)
AHR1Adhesion and hyphal regulator 1; Transcription factor that binds the promoters of genes involved in biofilm formation, which include several key adhesion genes, and recruits MCM1 to these sites. Plays an important role in hyphal growth and virulence. Promotes conversion of opaque cells to white phase, but needs existence of EFG1, a key regulator required for maintenance of the white state. (624 aa)
TRY5Transcriptional regulator of yeast form adherence 5; Transcription factor required for yeast cell adherence to silicone substrate. (988 aa)
BUD2GTPase activating protein BUD2; GTPase activating protein (GAP) for RSR1 which is involved in the polarization of yeast and hyphal cells. Directs the site of new daughter cell growth in yeast and hyphal cells. Important for hyphae to maintain linear growth and necessary for hyphal responses to directional cues in the environment (tropisms). Required for correct localization of the septin rings and stabilization of the polarisome at hyphal tips. Involved in cell adhesion. (1237 aa)
PGA28Probable GPI-anchored adhesin-like protein PGA28; Putative adhesin which is involved in cell adhesion and virulence (By similarity). Plays a role in Candida-bacterial interactions and subsequent regulation of filamentation. (226 aa)
RHR2Glycerol-1-phosphatase. (254 aa)
ALS1Agglutinin-like protein 1; Major cell surface adhesion protein which mediates both yeast-to-host tissue adherence and yeast aggregation. Acts as a downstream effector of the EFG1 regulatory pathway. Required for rapamycin-induced aggregation of C.albicans. Binds glycans and mediates adherence to endothelial and epithelial cells, thereby playing an important role in the pathogenesis of C.albicans infections. (1260 aa)
ALS5Agglutinin-like protein 5; Cell surface adhesion protein which mediates both yeast-to- host tissue adherence and yeast aggregation. Plays an important role in the pathogenesis of C.albicans infections. Forms amyloid structures, essential for cell-cell association and cell-substrate adhesion to polystyrene. Belongs to the ALS family. (1347 aa)
CHS7Chitin synthase export chaperone; Chaperone required for the export of the chitin synthase CHS3 from the endoplasmic reticulum. (310 aa)
IFF4Cell wall protein IFF4; GPI-anchored cell wall protein involved in cell wall organization, hyphal growth, as well as in host-fungal interaction and virulence. Plays a role in adherence to plastic and to host epithelial cells. Promotes the tissue fungal burden during murine vaginal candidiasis. Increases also susceptibility to neutrophil-mediated killing. Furthermore, contributes to the severity of hematogenously disseminated candidiasis in normal mice, but not in neutropenic mice. (1526 aa)
PBR1Pbr1p. (175 aa)
PGA63Protein transport protein SEC31; Component of the coat protein complex II (COPII) which promotes the formation of transport vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The coat has two main functions, the physical deformation of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane into vesicles and the selection of cargo molecules (By similarity). (1265 aa)
PGA1Predicted GPI-anchored protein 1; Plays a role in cell wall stability and rigidity. Required for normal adhesion to host cells and for adherence during biofilm formation. Necessary for proper oxidative stress response. (132 aa)
TRY6Transcriptional regulator of yeast form adherence 6; Transcription factor required for yeast cell adherence to silicone substrate. (467 aa)
TDH3Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. (335 aa)
PGA32Probable GPI-anchored adhesin-like protein PGA32; Putative adhesin which is involved in cell adhesion and virulence. (430 aa)
PGA18Probable GPI-anchored adhesin-like protein PGA18; Cell wall protein which mediates cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesion. Required for biofilm formation and plays a role in virulence (By similarity); Belongs to the PGA18 family. (753 aa)
CaO19.278Aa_trans domain-containing protein. (475 aa)
DFI1Cell-surface associated glycoprotein DFI1; Cell-surface associated glycoprotein that acts as a plasma membrane receptor-type protein which senses the presence of matrix. Binds to calmodulin in response to environmental conditions and initiates a signaling cascade that activates CEK1, thus promoting invasive filamentation. Involved in the maintenance of the cell wall. (337 aa)
MCM1Transcription factor of morphogenesis MCM1; Transcription factor that is recruited by AHR1 to the promoters of genes involved in biofilm formation, which include several key adhesion genes. Plays an important role in cell adhesion, hyphal growth and virulence. Implicated in the regulation of opaque-phase- specific gene expression. (262 aa)
FGR23Filamentous growth regulator 23; Putative adhesin which may be involved in cell adhesion and virulence (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of filamentous growth. (1114 aa)
SFL2Transcription factor SFL2; Transcription factor that plays a role of activator of filamentous growth and which is involved in invasive growth at a high temperature. Required for human oral epithelium colonization and damage. Promotes filamentous growth in EFG1- and FLO8-dependent manners. Antagonizes functions of SFL1. Belongs to the HSF family. (714 aa)
CAS5Cell wall integrity transcriptional regulator CAS5; Transcription factor involved in the cell wall damage response. Acts with ADA2 to promote cell wall integrity. Required for expression of numerous cell wall biosynthesis inhibitor caspofungin- responsive genes. Plays a key role in adherence, hyphal development, and virulence. (821 aa)
CaO19.4563Putative methyltransferase. (371 aa)
TRY4Transcriptional regulator of yeast form adherence 4; Transcription factor required for yeast cell adherence to silicone substrate. (286 aa)
SFP1Zinc-coordinating transcription factor. (445 aa)
TEC1Transcription activator TEC1; Transcription factor which regulates genes involved in hyphal development, cell adhesion, biofilm development, and virulence. Plays a role in the formation of 'finger' morphology, a unique multicellular morphology of C.albicans induced by carbon dioxide. Regulates gene expression during intestinal colonization. Required for the expression of the secreted aspartyl proteinases SAP4, SAP5, and SAP6; but also of BCR1, PGA4, and CDC24. Moreover, a positive feedback loop between CDC24 and TEC1 contributes to an increase in active CDC42 at the tip of the germ tub [...] (743 aa)
FGR41Filamentous growth regulator 41; Putative adhesin which may be involved in cell adhesion and virulence (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of filamentous growth. (250 aa)
WOR1White-opaque regulator 1; Master transcriptional regulator of the switch between 2 heritable states, the white and opaque states. These 2 cell types differ in many characteristics, including cell structure, mating competence, and virulence. Each state is heritable for many generations, and switching between states occurs stochastically, at low frequency. WOR1 Binds the intergenic regions upstream of the genes encoding three additional transcriptional regulators of white-opaque switching, CZF1, EFG1, and WOR2. Phenotypic switching from the white to the opaque phase is a necessary step f [...] (785 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Candida albicans
NCBI taxonomy Id: 237561
Other names: C. albicans SC5314, Candida albicans SC5314
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