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PIR1 PIR1 RIM101 RIM101 HSP78 HSP78 CTA8 CTA8 RAS2 RAS2 TEC1 TEC1 WOR2 WOR2 RFX2 RFX2 CUP9 CUP9 PDE1 PDE1 GAP1 GAP1 SSN6 SSN6 HGC1 HGC1 RBT4 RBT4 ALS1 ALS1 IHD1 IHD1 RHD3 RHD3 AHR1 AHR1 SFL1 SFL1 RFG1 RFG1 CZF1 CZF1 NRG1 NRG1 YWP1 YWP1 RME1 RME1 SIS1 SIS1 BCR1 BCR1 RBT1 RBT1 CaO19.6874 CaO19.6874 CPH2 CPH2 ARG4 ARG4 UPC2 UPC2 EFH1 EFH1 UME6 UME6 RHD1 RHD1 BRG1 BRG1 ALS3 ALS3 ECM22 ECM22 ECE1 ECE1 ACH1 ACH1 HSP90 HSP90 HWP1 HWP1 SAP5 SAP5 CDC28 CDC28 SSA1 SSA1 CHT2 CHT2 RPS1 RPS1 CEF3 CEF3 URA3 URA3 HSP60 HSP60 CaO19.7566 CaO19.7566 HSP104 HSP104 CaO19.557 CaO19.557 TPO4 TPO4 CaO19.3475 CaO19.3475 FAV2 FAV2 PCL1 PCL1 HIP1 HIP1 HMS1 HMS1 FUN31 FUN31 GCN4 GCN4 CaO19.217 CaO19.217 FLC3 FLC3 PHO86 PHO86 YAK1 YAK1 DCK1 DCK1 ROB1 ROB1 PHO85 PHO85 MET3 MET3
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query proteins and first shell of interactors
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second shell of interactors
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proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
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Known Interactions
from curated databases
experimentally determined
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gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
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textmining
co-expression
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PIR1Cell wall mannoprotein PIR1; Component of the outer cell wall layer required for stability of the cell wall and specifically for cell wall rigidity. (385 aa)
RIM101pH-response transcription factor pacC/RIM101; Transcription factor that mediates regulation of both acid- and alkaline-expressed genes in response to ambient pH. At alkaline ambient pH, activates transcription of alkaline-expressed genes (including RIM101 itself) and represses transcription of acid- expressed genes. Specifically recognizes and binds the consensus sequence 5'-CCAAGAA-3'. Required for the control of alkaline pH-induced filamentation (dimorphic switch) and virulence. (661 aa)
HSP78Heat shock protein 78, mitochondrial; Required, in concert with mitochondrial Hsp70, for the dissociation, resolubilization and refolding of aggregates of damaged proteins in the mitochondrial matrix after heat stress. May extract proteins from aggregates by unfolding and threading them in an ATP- dependent process through the axial channel of the protein hexamer, after which they can be refolded by the Hsp70 chaperone system. Required for resumption of mitochondrial respiratory function, DNA synthesis and morphology after heat stress (By similarity). Belongs to the ClpA/ClpB family. (812 aa)
CTA8Heat shock transcription factor; DNA-binding protein that specifically binds heat shock promoter elements (HSE) and activates transcription. With HSP90, is required for the modulation of the chaperone levels in response to growth temperature, rather than the activation of acute responses to sudden thermal transitions. Activated during infection and contributes to full virulence. Belongs to the HSF family. (760 aa)
RAS2Ras2p. (320 aa)
TEC1Transcription activator TEC1; Transcription factor which regulates genes involved in hyphal development, cell adhesion, biofilm development, and virulence. Plays a role in the formation of 'finger' morphology, a unique multicellular morphology of C.albicans induced by carbon dioxide. Regulates gene expression during intestinal colonization. Required for the expression of the secreted aspartyl proteinases SAP4, SAP5, and SAP6; but also of BCR1, PGA4, and CDC24. Moreover, a positive feedback loop between CDC24 and TEC1 contributes to an increase in active CDC42 at the tip of the germ tub [...] (743 aa)
WOR2White-opaque regulator 2; Transcriptional regulator of the switch between 2 heritable states, the white and opaque states. These 2 cell types differ in many characteristics, including cell structure, mating competence, and virulence. Each state is heritable for many generations, and switching between states occurs stochastically, at low frequency. WOR2 is necessary for the stability of the opaque state phenotypic switching from the white to the opaque phase is a necessary step for mating. Plays a role in cell adhesion and pseudohyphal growth. (446 aa)
RFX2RFX-like DNA-binding protein RFX2; Transcriptional repressor which regulates DNA damage responses, morphogenesis, and virulence. Involved in the regulation of filamentous growth through its repression of hyphal-specific genes such as HWP1, ALS3, HYR1, ECE1, and CEK1; Belongs to the RFX family. (1111 aa)
CUP9Cup9p. (344 aa)
PDE13',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase. (426 aa)
GAP1Amino-acid permease GAP1; Amino-acid permease that coordinates external nitrogen source response and morphogenesis. Is capable of transporting several structurally unrelated amino acids such as leucine and phenylalanine, though with a lower capacity than the GAP2 and GAP6 permeases. Has citrulline import activity. GAP1 is also able to transport thialysine, and thus probably also lysine. Functions as a sensor via detection of some amino acids including methionine, leading to a rapid activation of trehalase, a downstream target of PKA ; Belongs to the amino acid-polyamine-organocation (A [...] (582 aa)
SSN6Transcription regulator. (1080 aa)
HGC1Hypha-specific G1 cyclin-related protein 1; Hypha-specific G1 cyclin-related protein involved in regulation of morphogenesis and opaque cells filamentous growth, and required for both conventional and pheromone-stimulated biofilm formation. Required to maintain hyphal tip localization of actin and SPA2. Regulates the CDC28 kinase during hyphal growth. The CDC28-HGC1 complex phosphorylates and prevents RGA2 from localizing to hyphal tips, leading to localized CDC42 activation for hyphal extension. The CDC28-HGC1 complex also phosphorylates SEC2 and maintains CDC11 phosphorylation throug [...] (785 aa)
RBT4Secreted protein RBT4; Secreted protein that acts as a virulence factor during infections such as in posttraumatic corneal infections. Acts as an important antigen in patients with systemic candidiasis and plays a role in the protection against phagocyte attack. (358 aa)
ALS1Agglutinin-like protein 1; Major cell surface adhesion protein which mediates both yeast-to-host tissue adherence and yeast aggregation. Acts as a downstream effector of the EFG1 regulatory pathway. Required for rapamycin-induced aggregation of C.albicans. Binds glycans and mediates adherence to endothelial and epithelial cells, thereby playing an important role in the pathogenesis of C.albicans infections. (1260 aa)
IHD1Induced during hyphae development protein 1; GPI-anchored cell wall protein that may be involved in cell wall organization, hyphal growth, as well as in virulence. Belongs to the IHD1 family. (392 aa)
RHD3Cell wall protein RHD3; Component of the cell wall involved in virulence. Does not seem to have a major role in maintaining cell wall integrity but plays a role in the relationship between C.albicans and the host. Belongs to the SRP1/TIP1 family. (204 aa)
AHR1Adhesion and hyphal regulator 1; Transcription factor that binds the promoters of genes involved in biofilm formation, which include several key adhesion genes, and recruits MCM1 to these sites. Plays an important role in hyphal growth and virulence. Promotes conversion of opaque cells to white phase, but needs existence of EFG1, a key regulator required for maintenance of the white state. (624 aa)
SFL1Transcription factor SFL1; Transcription factor that plays a role of repressor of filamentous growth and flocculation. Antagonizes functions of SFL2 and FLO8. Plays a role in the hyphal repression induced by secreted factors like dodecanol by competitors such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Burkholderia cenocepacia. (805 aa)
RFG1Repressor of filamentous growth 1; Transcription regulator that functions in both the positive and negative regulation of filamentous growth, depending upon the environmental conditions. Recruits the TUP1/SSN6 general repression complex to achieve repression. Regulates genes encoding cell wall components that are specifically expressed in the filamentous forms such as HWP1, RBT1, HYR1, ECE1, ALS1, RBT4 and RBT5. (600 aa)
CZF1Zinc cluster transcription factor CZF1; Transcriptional regulator of the switch between 2 heritable states, the white and opaque states. These 2 cell types differ in many characteristics, including cell structure, mating competence, and virulence. Each state is heritable for many generations, and switching between states occurs stochastically, at low frequency. Contributes to formation of the opaque state, but is not necessary for heritability of the opaque state. Plays a role in cell adhesion and pseudohyphal growth. Involved in acquisition of drug resistance and acts as a repressor o [...] (385 aa)
NRG1Transcriptional regulator NRG1; Transcriptional repressor that binds NRG1 response elements (NRE) of target promoters. Involved in regulation of chlamydospore formation, hyphal growth, virulence, and stress response. Plays a key role in regulating true hyphal growth, but does not regulate pseudohyphal growth in the same fashion. Directs transcriptional repression of a subset of filament-specific genes such as HWP1, HYR1, ALS8, HWP1, or ECE1; via the TUP1 pathway. Functions with UME6 in a negative feedback loop to control the level and duration of filament- specific gene expression in r [...] (310 aa)
YWP1Yeast-form wall Protein 1; Cell wall protein which plays an anti-adhesive role and promotes dispersal of yeast forms, which allows the organism to seek new sites for colonization. (533 aa)
RME1Rme1p. (507 aa)
SIS1Type II HSP40 co-chaperone. (343 aa)
BCR1Biofilm and cell wall regulator 1; Transcription factor which acts as a master regulator of biofilm formation. Biofilms play an important role in pathogenesis and produce many infections such as oropharyngeal candidiasis or vulvovaginal candidiasis. Controls the expression of genes that govern cell-surface properties such as ALS1, ALS3, HWP1 AND HYR1. Down-stream component of the hyphal regulatory network that couples expression of cell-surface genes to hyphal differentiation. (740 aa)
RBT1Cell wall protein RTB1; GPI-anchored cell wall protein required for mating efficiency, biofilm formation, and virulence. Involved in normal disseminated infection, but not in intestinal colonization. (721 aa)
CaO19.6874Uncharacterized protein. (607 aa)
CPH2Transcription factor CPH2; Transcription factor that positively controls filamentous growth, virulence, and invasiveness. Binds directly to the two SRE-1- like elements upstream of TEC1 and thus regulates positively expression of this important hyphal growth regulator. Functions independently of known signaling cascades involving EFG1. Regulates also gene expression during intestinal colonization but is not involved in host cell adhesion. (853 aa)
ARG4Argininosuccinate lyase. (468 aa)
UPC2Sterol uptake control protein 2; Transcription factor involved in the regulation of ergosterol biosynthetic genes such as ERG2 and ERG11 through direct binding to sterol response elements (SREs) in the promoters. Binds also to its own promoter on 2 cis-acting elements to promote autoregulation. Regulates sterol uptake across the plasma membrane. Acts as a major regulator of ascorbic acid-induced response. Plays a role in the triggering of pyroptosis, an inflammasome-mediated programmed cell death pathway in macrophages, allowing macrophages escaping. (712 aa)
EFH1Transcriptional regulator EFH1; Transcription factor that regulates filamentous growth through repression of EFG1. Regulates the level of colonizing fungi, favoring commensalism as opposed to candidiasis. (720 aa)
UME6Transcriptional regulatory protein UME6; Component of the RPD3C(L) histone deacetylase complex (HDAC) responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events (By similarity). UME6 controls the level and duration of gene expression in the filamentous growth program such as HGC1; and is specifically important for hyphal elongation and germ tube formation. Promo [...] (843 aa)
RHD1Beta-mannosyltransferase 2; Beta-mannosyltransferase involved in cell wall biosynthesis. Required for the addition of beta-mannose to the acid-labile fraction of cell wall phosphopeptidomannan; Belongs to the BMT family. (654 aa)
BRG1Biofilm regulator 1; Transcription factor required for hyphal growth, biofilm formation, and virulence. Promotes formation of both conventional and pheromone-stimulated biofilms. Binds and recruits HDA1 to promoters of hypha-specific genes in a rapamycin-dependent manner. Involved in the switch between two heritable states, the white and opaque states. These two cell types differ in many characteristics, including cell structure, mating competence, and virulence. Each state is heritable for many generations, and switching between states occurs stochastically at low frequency. (422 aa)
ALS3Agglutinin-like protein 3; Cell surface adhesion protein which mediates both yeast-to- host tissue adherence and yeast aggregation. Plays an important role in the biofilm formation and pathogenesis of C.albicans infections. Necessary for C.albicans to bind to N-cadherin on endothelial cells and E-cadherin on oral epithelial cells and subsequent endocytosis by these cells. During disseminated infection, mediates initial trafficking to the brain and renal cortex and contributes to fungal persistence in the kidneys. Belongs to the ALS family. (1155 aa)
ECM22Ecm22p. (860 aa)
ECE1Extent of cell elongation protein 1; Secreted protein involved in biofilm formation. Further cleaved by KEX2 in 8 similar peptides (ECE1- I to ECE1-VIII). (271 aa)
ACH1Acetyl-CoA hydrolase; Presumably involved in regulating the intracellular acetyl- CoA pool for fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis and fatty acid oxidation; Belongs to the acetyl-CoA hydrolase/transferase family. (524 aa)
HSP90Heat shock protein 90 homolog; Molecular chaperone that promotes the maturation, structural maintenance and proper regulation of specific target proteins involved for instance in cell cycle control and signal transduction. Undergoes a functional cycle that is linked to its ATPase activity. This cycle probably induces conformational changes in the client proteins, thereby causing their activation. Interacts dynamically with various co- chaperones that modulate its substrate recognition, ATPase cycle and chaperone function (By similarity); Belongs to the heat shock protein 90 family. (707 aa)
HWP1Hyphal wall protein 1; Major hyphal cell wall protein which plays a role of adhesin and is required for mating, normal hyphal development, cell-to-cell adhesive functions necessary for biofilm integrity, attachment to host, and virulence. Promotes interactions with host and bacterial molecules, thus leading to effective colonization within polymicrobial communities. Plays a crucial role in gastrointestinal colonization, in mucosal symptomatic and asymptomatic infections, in vaginitis, as well as in lethal oroesophageal candidiasis, caused by the combined action of fungal virulence fact [...] (634 aa)
SAP5Candidapepsin-5; Secreted aspartic peptidases (SAPs) are a group of ten acidic hydrolases considered as key virulence factors. These enzymes supply the fungus with nutrient amino acids as well as are able to degrade the selected host's proteins involved in the immune defense. During infection, plays an important role in penetration into deeper tissues and interaction with host defense. Moreover, acts toward human hemoglobin though limited proteolysis to generate a variety of antimicrobial hemocidins, enabling to compete with the other microorganisms of the same physiological niche usin [...] (418 aa)
CDC28Cyclin-dependent kinase 1; Cyclin-dependent kinase essential for the completion of the start, the controlling event, in the cell cycle. Plays a role in the expression of morphology-related transcription factors, and especially hyphae-specific genes. Binds distinct cyclin subunits as cells progress through the division cycle or flamentous growth. The CDC28-CLB2 complex regulates cytokinesis partly by phosphorylating the actomyosin ring component IQG1. The CDC28-CLN3 complex phosphorylates SLA1 which regulates cortical actin patch dynamics. The CDC28-CCN1 complex phosphorylates CDC11 and [...] (317 aa)
SSA1Heat shock protein SSA1; May play a role in the transport of polypeptides both across the mitochondrial membranes and into the endoplasmic reticulum. (656 aa)
CHT2Chitinase 2; Chitinase involved in the remodeling of chitin in the fungal cell wall. Plays a role in cell separation. (583 aa)
RPS140S ribosomal protein S1; Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS1 family. (256 aa)
CEF3Elongation factor 3; The main role of EF-3 may be to transduce nucleoside triphosphate energy into mechanical energy for translocation during translation. EF-3 stimulates EF-1-alpha-dependent binding of aminoacyl- tRNA to the ribosome. (1050 aa)
URA3Orotidine 5'-phosphate decarboxylase; Belongs to the OMP decarboxylase family. (270 aa)
HSP60Heat shock protein 60, mitochondrial; May participate in assembly and/or disassembly of proteins imported into the mitochondrion. HSP60 are ATPases and have affinity for unfolded proteins (By similarity); Belongs to the chaperonin (HSP60) family. (566 aa)
CaO19.7566AA_permease domain-containing protein. (571 aa)
HSP104Chaperone ATPase; Belongs to the ClpA/ClpB family. (899 aa)
CaO19.557Uncharacterized protein. (341 aa)
TPO4Tpo4p. (702 aa)
CaO19.3475Uncharacterized protein. (186 aa)
FAV2Fav2p. (141 aa)
PCL1Pcl1p. (373 aa)
HIP1Amino-acid permease GAP3; Amino-acid permease that is able to transport phenylalanine. (599 aa)
HMS1Hms1p. (685 aa)
FUN31Serine/threonine protein kinase. (1323 aa)
GCN4Amino acid starvation-responsive transcription factor. (323 aa)
CaO19.217Uncharacterized protein. (379 aa)
FLC3Flc3p. (718 aa)
PHO86Pho86p. (335 aa)
YAK1Serine/threonine protein kinase. (809 aa)
DCK1Dck1p; Belongs to the DOCK family. (1914 aa)
ROB1Rob1p. (991 aa)
PHO85Cyclin-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. (332 aa)
MET3Sulfate adenylyltransferase; Catalyzes the first intracellular reaction of sulfate assimilation, forming adenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (APS) from inorganic sulfate and ATP. Plays an important role in sulfate activation as a component of the biosynthesis pathway of sulfur-containing amino acids. Belongs to the sulfate adenylyltransferase family. (527 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Candida albicans
NCBI taxonomy Id: 237561
Other names: C. albicans SC5314, Candida albicans SC5314
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