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WOR1 | White-opaque regulator 1; Master transcriptional regulator of the switch between 2 heritable states, the white and opaque states. These 2 cell types differ in many characteristics, including cell structure, mating competence, and virulence. Each state is heritable for many generations, and switching between states occurs stochastically, at low frequency. WOR1 Binds the intergenic regions upstream of the genes encoding three additional transcriptional regulators of white-opaque switching, CZF1, EFG1, and WOR2. Phenotypic switching from the white to the opaque phase is a necessary step f [...] (785 aa) | ||||
STE11 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase. (823 aa) | ||||
TPK2 | cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. (413 aa) | ||||
RAD53 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase RAD53; Controls S-phase checkpoint as well as G1 and G2 DNA damage checkpoints. Phosphorylates proteins on serine, threonine, and tyrosine. Prevents entry into anaphase and mitotic exit after DNA damage via regulation of the Polo kinase CDC5. (699 aa) | ||||
POP4 | Ribonuclease P protein subunit. (279 aa) | ||||
CST5 | Cst5p. (383 aa) | ||||
OPT3 | Opt3p. (905 aa) | ||||
CEK2 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase subfamily. (372 aa) | ||||
STE2 | Alpha-factor pheromone receptor. (469 aa) | ||||
MPS1 | Serine/threonine/tyrosine protein kinase. (690 aa) | ||||
MAL2 | Oligo-1,6-glucosidase IMA1. (570 aa) | ||||
SAP2 | Candidapepsin-2; Secreted aspartic peptidases (SAPs) are a group of ten acidic hydrolases considered as key virulence factors. These enzymes supply the fungus with nutrient amino acids as well as are able to degrade the selected host's proteins involved in the immune defense. Induces host inflammatory cytokine production in a proteolytic activity-independent way. Plays a role in tissue damage during superficial infection. Moreover, acts toward human hemoglobin though limited proteolysis to generate a variety of antimicrobial hemocidins, enabling to compete with the other microorganisms [...] (398 aa) | ||||
CEF3 | Elongation factor 3; The main role of EF-3 may be to transduce nucleoside triphosphate energy into mechanical energy for translocation during translation. EF-3 stimulates EF-1-alpha-dependent binding of aminoacyl- tRNA to the ribosome. (1050 aa) | ||||
CPH1 | Transcription factor CPH1; Transcription factor involved in the formation of pseudohyphae and hyphae. It is likely to play a role in the developmental switch between yeast and mycelial forms. May be involved in a signal transduction system, strengthening the possibility of a sexual phase up to now undetected, and similar to that of the yeast mating pathway. (656 aa) | ||||
FLO8 | Transcriptional regulator of filamentous growth FLO8; Transcription factor which mediates CO(2) sensing. Required for CO(2)-induced white-to-opaque switching, as well as for filamentous growth and virulence. Required for both normoxic and hypoxic biofilm formation. Hypoxic biofilm formation is a major cause of perseverance and antifungal resistance during infections. (792 aa) | ||||
EFG1 | Enhanced filamentous growth protein 1; Transcriptional regulator of the switch between 2 heritable states, the white and opaque states. These 2 cell types differ in many characteristics, including cell structure, mating competence, and virulence. Each state is heritable for many generations, and switching between states occurs stochastically, at low frequency. Antagonizes the action of WOR1, WOR2 and CZF1, and promotes the white state. In white cells, EFG1 represses WOR1 indirectly through WOR2 to maintain white cell identity. Binds target gene promoters at the EFG1 recognition sequenc [...] (550 aa) | ||||
CZF1 | Zinc cluster transcription factor CZF1; Transcriptional regulator of the switch between 2 heritable states, the white and opaque states. These 2 cell types differ in many characteristics, including cell structure, mating competence, and virulence. Each state is heritable for many generations, and switching between states occurs stochastically, at low frequency. Contributes to formation of the opaque state, but is not necessary for heritability of the opaque state. Plays a role in cell adhesion and pseudohyphal growth. Involved in acquisition of drug resistance and acts as a repressor o [...] (385 aa) | ||||
CEK1 | Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1. (421 aa) | ||||
HST7 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase STE7 homolog. (589 aa) | ||||
STE3 | Ste3p. (417 aa) | ||||
WOR2 | White-opaque regulator 2; Transcriptional regulator of the switch between 2 heritable states, the white and opaque states. These 2 cell types differ in many characteristics, including cell structure, mating competence, and virulence. Each state is heritable for many generations, and switching between states occurs stochastically, at low frequency. WOR2 is necessary for the stability of the opaque state phenotypic switching from the white to the opaque phase is a necessary step for mating. Plays a role in cell adhesion and pseudohyphal growth. (446 aa) | ||||
TEC1 | Transcription activator TEC1; Transcription factor which regulates genes involved in hyphal development, cell adhesion, biofilm development, and virulence. Plays a role in the formation of 'finger' morphology, a unique multicellular morphology of C.albicans induced by carbon dioxide. Regulates gene expression during intestinal colonization. Required for the expression of the secreted aspartyl proteinases SAP4, SAP5, and SAP6; but also of BCR1, PGA4, and CDC24. Moreover, a positive feedback loop between CDC24 and TEC1 contributes to an increase in active CDC42 at the tip of the germ tub [...] (743 aa) | ||||
TPK1 | Tpk1p; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. (405 aa) |