STRINGSTRING
MKC1 MKC1 RAC1 RAC1 CaO19.4929 CaO19.4929 ACT1 ACT1 STE11 STE11 TPK2 TPK2 TCC1 TCC1 CaO19.4705 CaO19.4705 ZCF21 ZCF21 ADH1 ADH1 NAM2 NAM2 CYR1 CYR1 DEF1 DEF1 PMT1 PMT1 URA3 URA3 RPS1 RPS1 CDC28 CDC28 CPH1 CPH1 ADF1 ADF1 ACO1 ACO1 KIC1 KIC1 BRG1 BRG1 UME6 UME6 MSS11 MSS11 EFH1 EFH1 UPC2 UPC2 FLO8 FLO8 CPH2 CPH2 ACE2 ACE2 BCR1 BCR1 HHF1 HHF1 EFG1 EFG1 NRG1 NRG1 CZF1 CZF1 CEK1 CEK1 RFG1 RFG1 SFL1 SFL1 PIM1 PIM1 EAF7 EAF7 WOR3 WOR3 LSC1 LSC1 HGC1 HGC1 PFK2 PFK2 SCH9 SCH9 TYE7 TYE7 CAS5 CAS5 WOR2 WOR2 TPK1 TPK1 WOR1 WOR1
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query proteins and first shell of interactors
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second shell of interactors
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proteins of unknown 3D structure
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a 3D structure is known or predicted
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MKC1Mitogen-activated protein kinase MKC1; Serine/threonine protein kinase component of the cell integrity pathway, a signal transduction pathway that plays a role in yeast cell morphogenesis and cell growth. Participates in cell wall construction, azole resistance, and host interaction. Required for the signaling for invasive filamentous growth and biofilm formation, and plays a crucial role in virulence. (509 aa)
RAC1Rho family GTPase. (236 aa)
CaO19.4929Uncharacterized protein. (1174 aa)
ACT1Actin. (376 aa)
STE11Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase. (823 aa)
TPK2cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. (413 aa)
TCC1Tcc1p. (748 aa)
CaO19.4705tRNA adenylyltransferase; Belongs to the tRNA nucleotidyltransferase/poly(A) polymerase family. (531 aa)
ZCF21Zcf21p. (629 aa)
ADH1Adh1p. (350 aa)
NAM2Leucine--tRNA ligase; Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. (861 aa)
CYR1Adenylate cyclase. (1690 aa)
DEF1Transcriptional regulator DEF1; Transcriptional regulator involved in extension of germ tubes into elongated hyphae and maintenance of filamentous growth. Regulates expression of UME6. Acts in a pathway that regulates maintenance of hyphal growth by repressing hyphal-to-yeast transition and allows dissemination within host epithelial tissues. Dispensable for invasion into both host oral epithelial cells and enterocytes, but required for epithelial damage. (887 aa)
PMT1Dolichyl-phosphate-mannose--protein mannosyltransferase 1; Protein mannosyltransferase (PMT) involved in hyphal growth and drug sensitivity. Transfers mannose from Dol-P-mannose to Ser or Thr residues on proteins. PMT1, PMT2 and PMT4 account for most of the protein-O-glycosylation activity, while PMT5 and PMT6 may specifically modulate a much narrower spectrum of target proteins. Accounts for the O-glycosylation of the cell wall proteins KRE9, PIR2, RHD3, and ALS1, as well as the SEC20 t-SNARE component. O-glycosylation of SEC20 is essential for its stability. Required for filamentatio [...] (877 aa)
URA3Orotidine 5'-phosphate decarboxylase; Belongs to the OMP decarboxylase family. (270 aa)
RPS140S ribosomal protein S1; Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS1 family. (256 aa)
CDC28Cyclin-dependent kinase 1; Cyclin-dependent kinase essential for the completion of the start, the controlling event, in the cell cycle. Plays a role in the expression of morphology-related transcription factors, and especially hyphae-specific genes. Binds distinct cyclin subunits as cells progress through the division cycle or flamentous growth. The CDC28-CLB2 complex regulates cytokinesis partly by phosphorylating the actomyosin ring component IQG1. The CDC28-CLN3 complex phosphorylates SLA1 which regulates cortical actin patch dynamics. The CDC28-CCN1 complex phosphorylates CDC11 and [...] (317 aa)
CPH1Transcription factor CPH1; Transcription factor involved in the formation of pseudohyphae and hyphae. It is likely to play a role in the developmental switch between yeast and mycelial forms. May be involved in a signal transduction system, strengthening the possibility of a sexual phase up to now undetected, and similar to that of the yeast mating pathway. (656 aa)
ADF1Adherence factor; Surface antigen mediating adhesion and aggregation in S.cerevisiae. (612 aa)
ACO1Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the isomerization of citrate to isocitrate via cis- aconitate, a step in the citric acid cycle; Belongs to the aconitase/IPM isomerase family. (777 aa)
KIC1Putative serine/threonine protein kinase. (891 aa)
BRG1Biofilm regulator 1; Transcription factor required for hyphal growth, biofilm formation, and virulence. Promotes formation of both conventional and pheromone-stimulated biofilms. Binds and recruits HDA1 to promoters of hypha-specific genes in a rapamycin-dependent manner. Involved in the switch between two heritable states, the white and opaque states. These two cell types differ in many characteristics, including cell structure, mating competence, and virulence. Each state is heritable for many generations, and switching between states occurs stochastically at low frequency. (422 aa)
UME6Transcriptional regulatory protein UME6; Component of the RPD3C(L) histone deacetylase complex (HDAC) responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events (By similarity). UME6 controls the level and duration of gene expression in the filamentous growth program such as HGC1; and is specifically important for hyphal elongation and germ tube formation. Promo [...] (843 aa)
MSS11Transcription activator MSS11; Transcription factor that regulates pseudohyphal differentiation, invasive growth, floculation, adhesion and starch metabolism in response to nutrient availability. (638 aa)
EFH1Transcriptional regulator EFH1; Transcription factor that regulates filamentous growth through repression of EFG1. Regulates the level of colonizing fungi, favoring commensalism as opposed to candidiasis. (720 aa)
UPC2Sterol uptake control protein 2; Transcription factor involved in the regulation of ergosterol biosynthetic genes such as ERG2 and ERG11 through direct binding to sterol response elements (SREs) in the promoters. Binds also to its own promoter on 2 cis-acting elements to promote autoregulation. Regulates sterol uptake across the plasma membrane. Acts as a major regulator of ascorbic acid-induced response. Plays a role in the triggering of pyroptosis, an inflammasome-mediated programmed cell death pathway in macrophages, allowing macrophages escaping. (712 aa)
FLO8Transcriptional regulator of filamentous growth FLO8; Transcription factor which mediates CO(2) sensing. Required for CO(2)-induced white-to-opaque switching, as well as for filamentous growth and virulence. Required for both normoxic and hypoxic biofilm formation. Hypoxic biofilm formation is a major cause of perseverance and antifungal resistance during infections. (792 aa)
CPH2Transcription factor CPH2; Transcription factor that positively controls filamentous growth, virulence, and invasiveness. Binds directly to the two SRE-1- like elements upstream of TEC1 and thus regulates positively expression of this important hyphal growth regulator. Functions independently of known signaling cascades involving EFG1. Regulates also gene expression during intestinal colonization but is not involved in host cell adhesion. (853 aa)
ACE2Cell wall transcription factor ACE2; Transcription factor involved in the RAM (regulation of ACE2 transcription factor and polarized morphogenesis) signaling network that regulates polarized morphogenesis. Regulates expression of genes involved in cell separation such as CHT3, DSE1, and SCW11; or other cell wall genes such as ASH1, DSE4, PIR1, PRY2, and RME1. Required for regulation of morphogenesis, cell separation, adherence, biofilm formation, invasion, as well as virulence in a mouse model of infection. (783 aa)
BCR1Biofilm and cell wall regulator 1; Transcription factor which acts as a master regulator of biofilm formation. Biofilms play an important role in pathogenesis and produce many infections such as oropharyngeal candidiasis or vulvovaginal candidiasis. Controls the expression of genes that govern cell-surface properties such as ALS1, ALS3, HWP1 AND HYR1. Down-stream component of the hyphal regulatory network that couples expression of cell-surface genes to hyphal differentiation. (740 aa)
HHF1Histone H4; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. (105 aa)
EFG1Enhanced filamentous growth protein 1; Transcriptional regulator of the switch between 2 heritable states, the white and opaque states. These 2 cell types differ in many characteristics, including cell structure, mating competence, and virulence. Each state is heritable for many generations, and switching between states occurs stochastically, at low frequency. Antagonizes the action of WOR1, WOR2 and CZF1, and promotes the white state. In white cells, EFG1 represses WOR1 indirectly through WOR2 to maintain white cell identity. Binds target gene promoters at the EFG1 recognition sequenc [...] (550 aa)
NRG1Transcriptional regulator NRG1; Transcriptional repressor that binds NRG1 response elements (NRE) of target promoters. Involved in regulation of chlamydospore formation, hyphal growth, virulence, and stress response. Plays a key role in regulating true hyphal growth, but does not regulate pseudohyphal growth in the same fashion. Directs transcriptional repression of a subset of filament-specific genes such as HWP1, HYR1, ALS8, HWP1, or ECE1; via the TUP1 pathway. Functions with UME6 in a negative feedback loop to control the level and duration of filament- specific gene expression in r [...] (310 aa)
CZF1Zinc cluster transcription factor CZF1; Transcriptional regulator of the switch between 2 heritable states, the white and opaque states. These 2 cell types differ in many characteristics, including cell structure, mating competence, and virulence. Each state is heritable for many generations, and switching between states occurs stochastically, at low frequency. Contributes to formation of the opaque state, but is not necessary for heritability of the opaque state. Plays a role in cell adhesion and pseudohyphal growth. Involved in acquisition of drug resistance and acts as a repressor o [...] (385 aa)
CEK1Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1. (421 aa)
RFG1Repressor of filamentous growth 1; Transcription regulator that functions in both the positive and negative regulation of filamentous growth, depending upon the environmental conditions. Recruits the TUP1/SSN6 general repression complex to achieve repression. Regulates genes encoding cell wall components that are specifically expressed in the filamentous forms such as HWP1, RBT1, HYR1, ECE1, ALS1, RBT4 and RBT5. (600 aa)
SFL1Transcription factor SFL1; Transcription factor that plays a role of repressor of filamentous growth and flocculation. Antagonizes functions of SFL2 and FLO8. Plays a role in the hyphal repression induced by secreted factors like dodecanol by competitors such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Burkholderia cenocepacia. (805 aa)
PIM1Lon protease homolog, mitochondrial; ATP-dependent serine protease that mediates the selective degradation of misfolded, unassembled or oxidatively damaged polypeptides as well as certain short-lived regulatory proteins in the mitochondrial matrix. May also have a chaperone function in the assembly of inner membrane protein complexes. Participates in the regulation of mitochondrial gene expression and in the maintenance of the integrity of the mitochondrial genome. Binds to mitochondrial DNA in a site-specific manner; Belongs to the peptidase S16 family. (1078 aa)
EAF7Chromatin modification-related protein EAF7; Component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex which is involved in transcriptional activation of selected genes principally by acetylation of nucleosomal histone H4 and H2A. The NuA4 complex is also involved in DNA repair (By similarity). (445 aa)
WOR3White-opaque regulator 3; Transcription factor that modulates the white-opaque switch. (641 aa)
LSC1Succinate--CoA ligase [ADP-forming] subunit alpha, mitochondrial; Succinyl-CoA synthetase functions in the citric acid cycle (TCA), coupling the hydrolysis of succinyl-CoA to the synthesis of ATP and thus represents the only step of substrate-level phosphorylation in the TCA. The alpha subunit of the enzyme binds the substrates coenzyme A and phosphate, while succinate binding and nucleotide specificity is provided by the beta subunit. (323 aa)
HGC1Hypha-specific G1 cyclin-related protein 1; Hypha-specific G1 cyclin-related protein involved in regulation of morphogenesis and opaque cells filamentous growth, and required for both conventional and pheromone-stimulated biofilm formation. Required to maintain hyphal tip localization of actin and SPA2. Regulates the CDC28 kinase during hyphal growth. The CDC28-HGC1 complex phosphorylates and prevents RGA2 from localizing to hyphal tips, leading to localized CDC42 activation for hyphal extension. The CDC28-HGC1 complex also phosphorylates SEC2 and maintains CDC11 phosphorylation throug [...] (785 aa)
PFK2ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by ATP, the first committing step of glycolysis; Belongs to the phosphofructokinase type A (PFKA) family. ATP-dependent PFK group I subfamily. Eukaryotic two domain clade 'E' sub-subfamily. (946 aa)
SCH9Serine/threonine-protein kinase SCH9; Protein kinase that is part of growth control pathway which is at least partially redundant with the cAMP pathway (By similarity). Plays a role in filamentous growth and virulence. Prevents hypha formation specifically under hypoxia at high CO(2) levels. Required for chlamydospore formation, distinctive morphological feature of the fungal pathogen C.albicans that can be induced to form in oxygen- limited environments and has been reported in clinical specimens. (787 aa)
TYE7Carbohydrate metabolism regulator TYE7; Key transcriptional regulator of carbohydrate metabolism. Binds the promoter sequences of the glycolytic genes at the CANNTG motif and activates their expression during growth on either fermentable or non-fermentable carbon sources as well as under hypoxic growth conditions. Complete glycolytic activation by GAL4 and TYE7 is required for full virulence. Involved in biofilm formation and negatively regulates hyphal formation under hypoxia. Controls also the expression of the copper transport protein CTR1. (269 aa)
CAS5Cell wall integrity transcriptional regulator CAS5; Transcription factor involved in the cell wall damage response. Acts with ADA2 to promote cell wall integrity. Required for expression of numerous cell wall biosynthesis inhibitor caspofungin- responsive genes. Plays a key role in adherence, hyphal development, and virulence. (821 aa)
WOR2White-opaque regulator 2; Transcriptional regulator of the switch between 2 heritable states, the white and opaque states. These 2 cell types differ in many characteristics, including cell structure, mating competence, and virulence. Each state is heritable for many generations, and switching between states occurs stochastically, at low frequency. WOR2 is necessary for the stability of the opaque state phenotypic switching from the white to the opaque phase is a necessary step for mating. Plays a role in cell adhesion and pseudohyphal growth. (446 aa)
TPK1Tpk1p; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. (405 aa)
WOR1White-opaque regulator 1; Master transcriptional regulator of the switch between 2 heritable states, the white and opaque states. These 2 cell types differ in many characteristics, including cell structure, mating competence, and virulence. Each state is heritable for many generations, and switching between states occurs stochastically, at low frequency. WOR1 Binds the intergenic regions upstream of the genes encoding three additional transcriptional regulators of white-opaque switching, CZF1, EFG1, and WOR2. Phenotypic switching from the white to the opaque phase is a necessary step f [...] (785 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Candida albicans
NCBI taxonomy Id: 237561
Other names: C. albicans SC5314, Candida albicans SC5314
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