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rpoD | RNA polymerase sigma factor; Sigma factors are initiation factors that promote the attachment of RNA polymerase to specific initiation sites and are then released. This sigma factor is the primary sigma factor during exponential growth. (613 aa) | ||||
tuf | Elongation factor Tu; This protein promotes the GTP-dependent binding of aminoacyl- tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes during protein biosynthesis. (394 aa) | ||||
hslO | Hsp33-like chaperonin; Redox regulated molecular chaperone. Protects both thermally unfolding and oxidatively damaged proteins from irreversible aggregation. Plays an important role in the bacterial defense system toward oxidative stress. (294 aa) | ||||
glpG | Protein of glp regulon; Rhomboid-type serine protease that catalyzes intramembrane proteolysis. (276 aa) | ||||
ibpB | Heat shock protein; Associates with aggregated proteins, together with IbpA, to stabilize and protect them from irreversible denaturation and extensive proteolysis during heat shock and oxidative stress. Aggregated proteins bound to the IbpAB complex are more efficiently refolded and reactivated by the ATP-dependent chaperone systems ClpB and DnaK/DnaJ/GrpE. Its activity is ATP-independent. (142 aa) | ||||
hslU | ATP-dependent protease ATP-binding subunit; ATPase subunit of a proteasome-like degradation complex; this subunit has chaperone activity. The binding of ATP and its subsequent hydrolysis by HslU are essential for unfolding of protein substrates subsequently hydrolyzed by HslV. HslU recognizes the N-terminal part of its protein substrates and unfolds these before they are guided to HslV for hydrolysis. (444 aa) | ||||
yidC | Inner membrane protein translocase component YidC; Required for the insertion and/or proper folding and/or complex formation of integral membrane proteins into the membrane. Involved in integration of membrane proteins that insert both dependently and independently of the Sec translocase complex, as well as at least some lipoproteins. Aids folding of multispanning membrane proteins. (548 aa) | ||||
ibpA | Heat shock protein; Associates with aggregated proteins, together with IbpB, to stabilize and protect them from irreversible denaturation and extensive proteolysis during heat shock and oxidative stress. Aggregated proteins bound to the IbpAB complex are more efficiently refolded and reactivated by the ATP-dependent chaperone systems ClpB and DnaK/DnaJ/GrpE. Its activity is ATP-independent. (152 aa) | ||||
clpS | ATP-dependent Clp protease adaptor protein ClpS; Involved in the modulation of the specificity of the ClpAP- mediated ATP-dependent protein degradation; Belongs to the ClpS family. (105 aa) | ||||
clpA | ATP-binding component of serine protease; Belongs to the ClpA/ClpB family. (759 aa) | ||||
grpE | Hsp 24 nucleotide exchange factor; Participates actively in the response to hyperosmotic and heat shock by preventing the aggregation of stress-denatured proteins, in association with DnaK and GrpE. It is the nucleotide exchange factor for DnaK and may function as a thermosensor. Unfolded proteins bind initially to DnaJ; upon interaction with the DnaJ-bound protein, DnaK hydrolyzes its bound ATP, resulting in the formation of a stable complex. GrpE releases ADP from DnaK; ATP binding to DnaK triggers the release of the substrate protein, thus completing the reaction cycle. Several roun [...] (196 aa) | ||||
hflB | ATP-dependent zinc-metallo protease; Acts as a processive, ATP-dependent zinc metallopeptidase for both cytoplasmic and membrane proteins. Plays a role in the quality control of integral membrane proteins; Belongs to the AAA ATPase family. In the central section; belongs to the AAA ATPase family. (644 aa) | ||||
groES | Co-chaperonin GroES; Binds to Cpn60 in the presence of Mg-ATP and suppresses the ATPase activity of the latter. (97 aa) | ||||
rho | Transcription termination factor Rho; Facilitates transcription termination by a mechanism that involves Rho binding to the nascent RNA, activation of Rho's RNA- dependent ATPase activity, and release of the mRNA from the DNA template. (419 aa) | ||||
hslV | ATP-dependent protease peptidase subunit; Protease subunit of a proteasome-like degradation complex believed to be a general protein degrading machinery. (176 aa) | ||||
dnaK | Molecular chaperone DnaK; Acts as a chaperone; Belongs to the heat shock protein 70 family. (638 aa) | ||||
tig | Trigger factor; Involved in protein export. Acts as a chaperone by maintaining the newly synthesized protein in an open conformation. Functions as a peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase; Belongs to the FKBP-type PPIase family. Tig subfamily. (432 aa) | ||||
clpP | ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit; Cleaves peptides in various proteins in a process that requires ATP hydrolysis. Has a chymotrypsin-like activity. Plays a major role in the degradation of misfolded proteins. Belongs to the peptidase S14 family. (194 aa) | ||||
clpX | ATP-dependent protease ATP-binding subunit; ATP-dependent specificity component of the Clp protease. It directs the protease to specific substrates. Can perform chaperone functions in the absence of ClpP. (424 aa) | ||||
htpG | Heat shock protein 90; Molecular chaperone. Has ATPase activity. (624 aa) |