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| | rplS | LSU ribosomal protein L19P; This protein is located at the 30S-50S ribosomal subunit interface and may play a role in the structure and function of the aminoacyl-tRNA binding site. (131 aa) |
| | dnaA | Chromosomal replication initiator protein DnaA; Plays an important role in the initiation and regulation of chromosomal replication. Binds to the origin of replication; it binds specifically double-stranded DNA at a 9 bp consensus (dnaA box): 5'- TTATC[CA]A[CA]A-3'. DnaA binds to ATP and to acidic phospholipids. Belongs to the DnaA family. (457 aa) |
| | recF | DNA replication and repair protein RecF; The RecF protein is involved in DNA metabolism; it is required for DNA replication and normal SOS inducibility. RecF binds preferentially to single-stranded, linear DNA. It also seems to bind ATP. (372 aa) |
| | gyrB | DNA gyrase subunit B; A type II topoisomerase that negatively supercoils closed circular double-stranded (ds) DNA in an ATP-dependent manner to modulate DNA topology and maintain chromosomes in an underwound state. Negative supercoiling favors strand separation, and DNA replication, transcription, recombination and repair, all of which involve strand separation. Also able to catalyze the interconversion of other topological isomers of dsDNA rings, including catenanes and knotted rings. Type II topoisomerases break and join 2 DNA strands simultaneously in an ATP-dependent manner. (795 aa) |
| | ileS | Isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase; Catalyzes the attachment of isoleucine to tRNA(Ile). As IleRS can inadvertently accommodate and process structurally similar amino acids such as valine, to avoid such errors it has two additional distinct tRNA(Ile)-dependent editing activities. One activity is designated as 'pretransfer' editing and involves the hydrolysis of activated Val-AMP. The other activity is designated 'posttransfer' editing and involves deacylation of mischarged Val-tRNA(Ile). Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. IleS type 1 subfamily. (946 aa) |
| | rplI | LSU ribosomal protein L9P; Binds to the 23S rRNA. (149 aa) |
| | rpsR | SSU ribosomal protein S18P; Binds as a heterodimer with protein S6 to the central domain of the 16S rRNA, where it helps stabilize the platform of the 30S subunit; Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bS18 family. (135 aa) |
| | rpsF | SSU ribosomal protein S6P; Binds together with S18 to 16S ribosomal RNA. (148 aa) |
| | tsf | Translation elongation factor Ts (EF-Ts); Associates with the EF-Tu.GDP complex and induces the exchange of GDP to GTP. It remains bound to the aminoacyl-tRNA.EF- Tu.GTP complex up to the GTP hydrolysis stage on the ribosome. Belongs to the EF-Ts family. (219 aa) |
| | rpsB | SSU ribosomal protein S2P; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS2 family. (301 aa) |
| | frr | Ribosome recycling factor; Responsible for the release of ribosomes from messenger RNA at the termination of protein biosynthesis. May increase the efficiency of translation by recycling ribosomes from one round of translation to another; Belongs to the RRF family. (188 aa) |
| | prfA | Bacterial peptide chain release factor 1 (bRF-1); Peptide chain release factor 1 directs the termination of translation in response to the peptide chain termination codons UAG and UAA. (370 aa) |
| | ftsY | Signal recognition particle-docking protein FtsY; Involved in targeting and insertion of nascent membrane proteins into the cytoplasmic membrane. Acts as a receptor for the complex formed by the signal recognition particle (SRP) and the ribosome-nascent chain (RNC). Interaction with SRP-RNC leads to the transfer of the RNC complex to the Sec translocase for insertion into the membrane, the hydrolysis of GTP by both Ffh and FtsY, and the dissociation of the SRP-FtsY complex into the individual components. (444 aa) |
| | dnaG | DNA primase; RNA polymerase that catalyzes the synthesis of short RNA molecules used as primers for DNA polymerase during DNA replication. (647 aa) |
| | secA | Protein translocase subunit secA; Part of the Sec protein translocase complex. Interacts with the SecYEG preprotein conducting channel. Has a central role in coupling the hydrolysis of ATP to the transfer of proteins into and across the cell membrane, serving as an ATP-driven molecular motor driving the stepwise translocation of polypeptide chains across the membrane; Belongs to the SecA family. (962 aa) |
| | infB | Bacterial translation initiation factor 2 (bIF-2); One of the essential components for the initiation of protein synthesis. Protects formylmethionyl-tRNA from spontaneous hydrolysis and promotes its binding to the 30S ribosomal subunits. Also involved in the hydrolysis of GTP during the formation of the 70S ribosomal complex; Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. IF-2 subfamily. (950 aa) |
| | rbfA | Ribosome-binding factor A; One of several proteins that assist in the late maturation steps of the functional core of the 30S ribosomal subunit. Associates with free 30S ribosomal subunits (but not with 30S subunits that are part of 70S ribosomes or polysomes). Required for efficient processing of 16S rRNA. May interact with the 5'-terminal helix region of 16S rRNA. (138 aa) |
| | truB | tRNA pseudouridine synthase B; Responsible for synthesis of pseudouridine from uracil-55 in the psi GC loop of transfer RNAs; Belongs to the pseudouridine synthase TruB family. Type 1 subfamily. (313 aa) |
| | rpsO | SSU ribosomal protein S15P; One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds directly to 16S rRNA where it helps nucleate assembly of the platform of the 30S subunit by binding and bridging several RNA helices of the 16S rRNA. (89 aa) |
| | cysS | cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase; Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. (481 aa) |
| | uvrB | Excinuclease ABC subunit B; The UvrABC repair system catalyzes the recognition and processing of DNA lesions. A damage recognition complex composed of 2 UvrA and 2 UvrB subunits scans DNA for abnormalities. Upon binding of the UvrA(2)B(2) complex to a putative damaged site, the DNA wraps around one UvrB monomer. DNA wrap is dependent on ATP binding by UvrB and probably causes local melting of the DNA helix, facilitating insertion of UvrB beta-hairpin between the DNA strands. Then UvrB probes one DNA strand for the presence of a lesion. If a lesion is found the UvrA subunits dissociate [...] (699 aa) |
| | tilS | tRNA(Ile)-lysidine synthetase-like protein; Ligates lysine onto the cytidine present at position 34 of the AUA codon-specific tRNA(Ile) that contains the anticodon CAU, in an ATP-dependent manner. Cytidine is converted to lysidine, thus changing the amino acid specificity of the tRNA from methionine to isoleucine. Belongs to the tRNA(Ile)-lysidine synthase family. (451 aa) |
| | hisS | histidyl-tRNA synthetase. (426 aa) |
| | argS | arginyl-tRNA synthetase. (598 aa) |
| | pgk | Phosphoglycerate kinase; Belongs to the phosphoglycerate kinase family. (396 aa) |
| | nusG | Transcription antitermination protein nusG; Participates in transcription elongation, termination and antitermination. (179 aa) |
| | rplK | LSU ribosomal protein L11P; Forms part of the ribosomal stalk which helps the ribosome interact with GTP-bound translation factors. (148 aa) |
| | rplA | LSU ribosomal protein L1P; Binds directly to 23S rRNA. The L1 stalk is quite mobile in the ribosome, and is involved in E site tRNA release. (234 aa) |
| | rplJ | LSU ribosomal protein L10P; Forms part of the ribosomal stalk, playing a central role in the interaction of the ribosome with GTP-bound translation factors. Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL10 family. (174 aa) |
| | rplL | LSU ribosomal protein L12P; Forms part of the ribosomal stalk which helps the ribosome interact with GTP-bound translation factors. Is thus essential for accurate translation; Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL12 family. (124 aa) |
| | rpoB | DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta; DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. (1422 aa) |
| | rpoC | DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta; DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. (1394 aa) |
| | lepA | GTP-binding protein LepA; Required for accurate and efficient protein synthesis under certain stress conditions. May act as a fidelity factor of the translation reaction, by catalyzing a one-codon backward translocation of tRNAs on improperly translocated ribosomes. Back-translocation proceeds from a post-translocation (POST) complex to a pre- translocation (PRE) complex, thus giving elongation factor G a second chance to translocate the tRNAs correctly. Binds to ribosomes in a GTP- dependent manner. (601 aa) |
| | rnc | RNAse III; Digests double-stranded RNA. Involved in the processing of primary rRNA transcript to yield the immediate precursors to the large and small rRNAs (23S and 16S). Processes some mRNAs, and tRNAs when they are encoded in the rRNA operon. Processes pre-crRNA and tracrRNA of type II CRISPR loci if present in the organism. (385 aa) |
| | rpsP | SSU ribosomal protein S16P; Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bS16 family. (88 aa) |
| | rplQ | LSU ribosomal protein L17P. (162 aa) |
| | rpoA | DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit alpha; DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. (339 aa) |
| | rpsD | SSU ribosomal protein S4P; One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds directly to 16S rRNA where it nucleates assembly of the body of the 30S subunit. (208 aa) |
| | rpsK | SSU ribosomal protein S11P; Located on the platform of the 30S subunit, it bridges several disparate RNA helices of the 16S rRNA. Forms part of the Shine- Dalgarno cleft in the 70S ribosome; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS11 family. (127 aa) |
| | rpsM | SSU ribosomal protein S13P; Located at the top of the head of the 30S subunit, it contacts several helices of the 16S rRNA. In the 70S ribosome it contacts the 23S rRNA (bridge B1a) and protein L5 of the 50S subunit (bridge B1b), connecting the 2 subunits; these bridges are implicated in subunit movement. Contacts the tRNAs in the A and P-sites. Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS13 family. (128 aa) |
| | secY | Protein translocase subunit secY/sec61 alpha; The central subunit of the protein translocation channel SecYEG. Consists of two halves formed by TMs 1-5 and 6-10. These two domains form a lateral gate at the front which open onto the bilayer between TMs 2 and 7, and are clamped together by SecE at the back. The channel is closed by both a pore ring composed of hydrophobic SecY resides and a short helix (helix 2A) on the extracellular side of the membrane which forms a plug. The plug probably moves laterally to allow the channel to open. The ring and the pore may move independently. (447 aa) |
| | rplO | LSU ribosomal protein L15P; Binds to the 23S rRNA; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL15 family. (165 aa) |
| | rpsE | SSU ribosomal protein S5P; With S4 and S12 plays an important role in translational accuracy; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS5 family. (169 aa) |
| | rplR | LSU ribosomal protein L18P; This is one of the proteins that binds and probably mediates the attachment of the 5S RNA into the large ribosomal subunit, where it forms part of the central protuberance. (119 aa) |
| | rplF | LSU ribosomal protein L6P; This protein binds to the 23S rRNA, and is important in its secondary structure. It is located near the subunit interface in the base of the L7/L12 stalk, and near the tRNA binding site of the peptidyltransferase center; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL6 family. (180 aa) |
| | rpsH | SSU ribosomal protein S8P; One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds directly to 16S rRNA central domain where it helps coordinate assembly of the platform of the 30S subunit; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS8 family. (132 aa) |
| | rplE | LSU ribosomal protein L5P; This is 1 of the proteins that binds and probably mediates the attachment of the 5S RNA into the large ribosomal subunit, where it forms part of the central protuberance. In the 70S ribosome it contacts protein S13 of the 30S subunit (bridge B1b), connecting the 2 subunits; this bridge is implicated in subunit movement. Contacts the P site tRNA; the 5S rRNA and some of its associated proteins might help stabilize positioning of ribosome-bound tRNAs. (180 aa) |
| | rplX | LSU ribosomal protein L24P; One of two assembly initiator proteins, it binds directly to the 5'-end of the 23S rRNA, where it nucleates assembly of the 50S subunit. (106 aa) |
| | rplN | LSU ribosomal protein L14P; Binds to 23S rRNA. Forms part of two intersubunit bridges in the 70S ribosome; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL14 family. (122 aa) |
| | rpsQ | SSU ribosomal protein S17P; One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds specifically to the 5'-end of 16S ribosomal RNA. (85 aa) |
| | rpmC | LSU ribosomal protein L29P; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL29 family. (73 aa) |
| | rplP | LSU ribosomal protein L16P; Binds 23S rRNA and is also seen to make contacts with the A and possibly P site tRNAs; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL16 family. (138 aa) |
| | rpsC | SSU ribosomal protein S3P; Binds the lower part of the 30S subunit head. Binds mRNA in the 70S ribosome, positioning it for translation; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS3 family. (224 aa) |
| | rplV | LSU ribosomal protein L22P; This protein binds specifically to 23S rRNA; its binding is stimulated by other ribosomal proteins, e.g. L4, L17, and L20. It is important during the early stages of 50S assembly. It makes multiple contacts with different domains of the 23S rRNA in the assembled 50S subunit and ribosome (By similarity). (146 aa) |
| | rpsS | SSU ribosomal protein S19P; Protein S19 forms a complex with S13 that binds strongly to the 16S ribosomal RNA. (98 aa) |
| | rplB | LSU ribosomal protein L2P; One of the primary rRNA binding proteins. Required for association of the 30S and 50S subunits to form the 70S ribosome, for tRNA binding and peptide bond formation. It has been suggested to have peptidyltransferase activity; this is somewhat controversial. Makes several contacts with the 16S rRNA in the 70S ribosome. Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL2 family. (282 aa) |
| | rplW | LSU ribosomal protein L23P; One of the early assembly proteins it binds 23S rRNA. One of the proteins that surrounds the polypeptide exit tunnel on the outside of the ribosome. Forms the main docking site for trigger factor binding to the ribosome; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL23 family. (97 aa) |
| | rplD | LSU ribosomal protein L4P; One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, this protein initially binds near the 5'-end of the 23S rRNA. It is important during the early stages of 50S assembly. It makes multiple contacts with different domains of the 23S rRNA in the assembled 50S subunit and ribosome. (206 aa) |
| | rpsJ | SSU ribosomal protein S10P; Involved in the binding of tRNA to the ribosomes. Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS10 family. (101 aa) |
| | rpsG | SSU ribosomal protein S7P; One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds directly to 16S rRNA where it nucleates assembly of the head domain of the 30S subunit. Is located at the subunit interface close to the decoding center, probably blocks exit of the E-site tRNA; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS7 family. (156 aa) |
| | rpsL | SSU ribosomal protein S12P; With S4 and S5 plays an important role in translational accuracy. (123 aa) |
| | pheT | phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase beta subunit; Belongs to the phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase beta subunit family. Type 1 subfamily. (800 aa) |
| | pheS | phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase, alpha subunit; Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Phe-tRNA synthetase alpha subunit type 1 subfamily. (369 aa) |
| | rplT | LSU ribosomal protein L20P; Binds directly to 23S ribosomal RNA and is necessary for the in vitro assembly process of the 50S ribosomal subunit. It is not involved in the protein synthesizing functions of that subunit. (114 aa) |
| | rpmI | LSU ribosomal protein L35P; Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL35 family. (67 aa) |
| | infC | Bacterial translation initiation factor 3 (bIF-3); IF-3 binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit and shifts the equilibrum between 70S ribosomes and their 50S and 30S subunits in favor of the free subunits, thus enhancing the availability of 30S subunits on which protein synthesis initiation begins. (233 aa) |
| | rplC | LSU ribosomal protein L3P; One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds directly near the 3'-end of the 23S rRNA, where it nucleates assembly of the 50S subunit; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL3 family. (236 aa) |
| | aspS | aspartyl-tRNA synthetase; Aspartyl-tRNA synthetase with relaxed tRNA specificity since it is able to aspartylate not only its cognate tRNA(Asp) but also tRNA(Asn). Reaction proceeds in two steps: L-aspartate is first activated by ATP to form Asp-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Asp/Asn); Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Type 1 subfamily. (603 aa) |
| | gmk | Guanylate kinase; Essential for recycling GMP and indirectly, cGMP. (226 aa) |
| | coaE | dephospho-CoA kinase; Catalyzes the phosphorylation of the 3'-hydroxyl group of dephosphocoenzyme A to form coenzyme A; Belongs to the CoaE family. (211 aa) |
| | ybeY | Protein of unknown function UPF0054; Single strand-specific metallo-endoribonuclease involved in late-stage 70S ribosome quality control and in maturation of the 3' terminus of the 16S rRNA. (193 aa) |
| | rpsT | SSU ribosomal protein S20P; Binds directly to 16S ribosomal RNA. (92 aa) |
| | leuS | leucyl-tRNA synthetase; Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. (858 aa) |
| | dnaG-2 | DNA primase; RNA polymerase that catalyzes the synthesis of short RNA molecules used as primers for DNA polymerase during DNA replication. (452 aa) |
| | ffh | Signal recognition particle subunit FFH/SRP54 (srp54); Involved in targeting and insertion of nascent membrane proteins into the cytoplasmic membrane. Binds to the hydrophobic signal sequence of the ribosome-nascent chain (RNC) as it emerges from the ribosomes. The SRP-RNC complex is then targeted to the cytoplasmic membrane where it interacts with the SRP receptor FtsY. Interaction with FtsY leads to the transfer of the RNC complex to the Sec translocase for insertion into the membrane, the hydrolysis of GTP by both Ffh and FtsY, and the dissociation of the SRP-FtsY complex into the i [...] (550 aa) |
| | tig | Trigger factor; Involved in protein export. Acts as a chaperone by maintaining the newly synthesized protein in an open conformation. Functions as a peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase; Belongs to the FKBP-type PPIase family. Tig subfamily. (429 aa) |
| | rpsI | SSU ribosomal protein S9P; Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS9 family. (130 aa) |
| | rplM | LSU ribosomal protein L13P; This protein is one of the early assembly proteins of the 50S ribosomal subunit, although it is not seen to bind rRNA by itself. It is important during the early stages of 50S assembly. (149 aa) |
| | recA | recA protein; Can catalyze the hydrolysis of ATP in the presence of single- stranded DNA, the ATP-dependent uptake of single-stranded DNA by duplex DNA, and the ATP-dependent hybridization of homologous single-stranded DNAs. It interacts with LexA causing its activation and leading to its autocatalytic cleavage; Belongs to the RecA family. (316 aa) |
| | recR | Recombination protein RecR; May play a role in DNA repair. It seems to be involved in an RecBC-independent recombinational process of DNA repair. It may act with RecF and RecO. (198 aa) |
| | dnaX | DNA polymerase III, tau subunit; DNA polymerase III is a complex, multichain enzyme responsible for most of the replicative synthesis in bacteria. This DNA polymerase also exhibits 3' to 5' exonuclease activity. (606 aa) |
| | smpB | SsrA-binding protein; Required for rescue of stalled ribosomes mediated by trans- translation. Binds to transfer-messenger RNA (tmRNA), required for stable association of tmRNA with ribosomes. tmRNA and SmpB together mimic tRNA shape, replacing the anticodon stem-loop with SmpB. tmRNA is encoded by the ssrA gene; the 2 termini fold to resemble tRNA(Ala) and it encodes a 'tag peptide', a short internal open reading frame. During trans-translation Ala-aminoacylated tmRNA acts like a tRNA, entering the A-site of stalled ribosomes, displacing the stalled mRNA. The ribosome then switches to [...] (163 aa) |
| | rsmA | Dimethyladenosine transferase; Specifically dimethylates two adjacent adenosines (A1518 and A1519) in the loop of a conserved hairpin near the 3'-end of 16S rRNA in the 30S particle. May play a critical role in biogenesis of 30S subunits. (284 aa) |
| | tsaD | O-sialoglycoprotein endopeptidase; Required for the formation of a threonylcarbamoyl group on adenosine at position 37 (t(6)A37) in tRNAs that read codons beginning with adenine. Is involved in the transfer of the threonylcarbamoyl moiety of threonylcarbamoyl-AMP (TC-AMP) to the N6 group of A37, together with TsaE and TsaB. TsaD likely plays a direct catalytic role in this reaction; Belongs to the KAE1 / TsaD family. (334 aa) |
| | serS | seryl-tRNA synthetase; Catalyzes the attachment of serine to tRNA(Ser). Is also able to aminoacylate tRNA(Sec) with serine, to form the misacylated tRNA L- seryl-tRNA(Sec), which will be further converted into selenocysteinyl- tRNA(Sec). (435 aa) |
| | recA-2 | RecA protein; Can catalyze the hydrolysis of ATP in the presence of single- stranded DNA, the ATP-dependent uptake of single-stranded DNA by duplex DNA, and the ATP-dependent hybridization of homologous single-stranded DNAs. It interacts with LexA causing its activation and leading to its autocatalytic cleavage; Belongs to the RecA family. (358 aa) |
| | fmt | methionyl-tRNA formyltransferase; Attaches a formyl group to the free amino group of methionyl- tRNA(fMet). The formyl group appears to play a dual role in the initiator identity of N-formylmethionyl-tRNA by promoting its recognition by IF2 and preventing the misappropriation of this tRNA by the elongation apparatus; Belongs to the Fmt family. (312 aa) |
| | pyrG | CTP synthase; Catalyzes the ATP-dependent amination of UTP to CTP with either L-glutamine or ammonia as the source of nitrogen. Regulates intracellular CTP levels through interactions with the four ribonucleotide triphosphates. (555 aa) |
| | rpmA | LSU ribosomal protein L27P; Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL27 family. (85 aa) |
| | rplU | LSU ribosomal protein L21P; This protein binds to 23S rRNA in the presence of protein L20; Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL21 family. (101 aa) |
| | ychF | Conserved hypothetical protein; ATPase that binds to both the 70S ribosome and the 50S ribosomal subunit in a nucleotide-independent manner. (370 aa) |
