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| | F11I4.15 | Auxin-responsive GH3 family protein. (576 aa) |
| | ABI4 | Ethylene-responsive transcription factor ABI4; Transcription regulator that probably binds to the GCC-box pathogenesis-related promoter element. Binds also to the S-box (5'- CACTTCCA-3') photosynthesis-associated nuclear genes-related (PhANGs- related) promoter element, and thus acts as a transcription inhibitor. Involved in the regulation of gene expression by stress factors and by components of stress signal transduction pathways. May have a function in the deetiolation process. Confers sensitivity to abscisic acid (ABA), and regulates the ABA signaling pathway during seed germinatio [...] (328 aa) |
| | DOG1 | Protein DELAY OF GERMINATION 1; Required for the induction of seed dormancy. The level of DOG1 protein in freshly harvested seeds determines the level of seed dormancy. Determines the temperature window for germination by regulating the expression of micropylar endosperm-weakening genes through temperature control of the gibberellins metabolism. Regulates seed dormancy and flowering time through an influence on levels of microRNAs miR156 and miR172. Regulator of seed maturation interfering with abscisic acid signaling components and activating ABI5. In cv. Cvi-1, enhances glucose induc [...] (291 aa) |
| | BSK4 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase BSK4; Probable serine/threonine kinase that acts as positive regulator of brassinosteroid (BR) signaling downstream of the receptor kinase BRI1. Functions redundantly with BSK3, BSK6, BSK7 and BSK8. Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. (483 aa) |
| | BSK7 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase BSK7; Probable serine/threonine kinase that acts as positive regulator of brassinosteroid (BR) signaling downstream of the receptor kinase BRI1. Functions redundantly with BSK3, BSK5, BSK6 and BSK8. Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. (487 aa) |
| | BSK11 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase BSK11; Probable serine/threonine kinase that acts as positive regulator of brassinosteroid (BR) signaling downstream of the receptor kinase BRI1; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. (507 aa) |
| | SDR4 | Short-chain dehydrogenase reductase 4. (298 aa) |
| | F4JGC7_ARATH | Two-component phosphorelay mediator. (167 aa) |
| | F16G20.40 | 2-oxoglutarate (2OG) and Fe(II)-dependent oxygenase superfamily protein; Belongs to the iron/ascorbate-dependent oxidoreductase family. (324 aa) |
| | KIN7I | Kinesin-like protein KIN-7I; Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family. KIN-7 subfamily. (1004 aa) |
| | ARR24 | Two-component response regulator 24; Functions as response regulator involved in His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Phosphorylation of the Asp residue in the receiver domain activates the ability of the protein to promote the transcription of target genes. Type-A response regulators seem to act as negative regulators of the cytokinin signaling. Belongs to the ARR family. Type-A subfamily. (139 aa) |
| | T22N19.10 | Auxin-responsive GH3 family protein. (672 aa) |
| | T22N19.30 | Auxin-responsive GH3 family protein. (624 aa) |
| | T29J13.130 | Histidine containing phosphotransfer protein. (114 aa) |
| | RR23 | Response regulator 23. (145 aa) |
| | ABI2 | Protein phosphatase 2C 77; Repressor of the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway that regulates numerous ABA responses, such as stomatal closure, osmotic water permeability of the plasma membrane (Pos), high light stress, response to glucose, seed germination and inhibition of vegetative growth. During the stomatal closure regulation, modulates the inward calcium-channel permeability as well as H(2)O(2) and oxidative burst in response to ABA and dehydration. Represses GHR1 and, to some extent, SRK2E/OST1, kinases involved in the regulation of SLAC1-dependent stomatal closure. Controls [...] (423 aa) |
| | CKX1 | Cytokinin dehydrogenase 1; Catalyzes the oxidation of cytokinins, a family of N(6)- substituted adenine derivatives that are plant hormones, where the substituent is an isopentenyl group. (575 aa) |
| | KAO1 | Ent-kaurenoic acid oxidase 1; Catalyzes three successive oxidations of ent-kaurenoic acid giving gibberellin 12 (GA12), a key step in gibberellins (GAs) biosynthesis. GAs, which are involved many processes, including stem elongation, play a central role in plant development. Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (490 aa) |
| | MYB73 | Transcription factor MYB73; Transcription factor that functions in salt stress response. Acts as negative regulator of NHX7/SOS1 and CBL4/SOS3 induction in response to salt stress. In response to auxin, activates the transcription of the auxin-responsive gene IAA19. The IAA19 transcription activation by MYB73 is enhanced by direct interaction between MYB73 and PYL8. (320 aa) |
| | T26J12.7 | Auxin-responsive GH3 family protein. (578 aa) |
| | ARR10 | Two-component response regulator ARR10; Transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-[AG]GATT-3'. Functions as a response regulator involved in His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Phosphorylation of the Asp residue in the receiver domain activates the ability of the protein to promote the transcription of target genes. Could directly activate some type-A response regulators in response to cytokinins. (552 aa) |
| | GA2OX8 | Gibberellin 2-beta-dioxygenase 8; Catalyzes the 2-beta-hydroxylation of gibberellins (GA) precursors, rendering them unable to be converted to active GAs. Hydroxylates the C20-GA GA12 and GA53, but is not active on C19-GAs, like GA1, GA4, GA9 and GA20; Belongs to the iron/ascorbate-dependent oxidoreductase family. GA2OX subfamily. (338 aa) |
| | PYR1 | Abscisic acid receptor PYR1; Receptor for abscisic acid (ABA) required for ABA-mediated responses such as stomatal closure and germination inhibition. Inhibits the activity of group-A protein phosphatases type 2C (PP2Cs) when activated by ABA. Can be activated by both (-)-ABA and (+)-ABA. Promotes drought tolerance. (191 aa) |
| | GA2OX3 | Gibberellin 2-beta-dioxygenase 3; Catalyzes the 2-beta-hydroxylation of several biologically active gibberellins, leading to the homeostatic regulation of their endogenous level. Catabolism of gibberellins (GAs) plays a central role in plant development. Converts GA9/GA20 to GA51/GA29 and GA4/GA1 to GA34/GA8; Belongs to the iron/ascorbate-dependent oxidoreductase family. GA2OX subfamily. (335 aa) |
| | SRK2J | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SRK2J; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. (339 aa) |
| | ARR8 | Two-component response regulator ARR8; Functions as response regulator involved in His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Phosphorylation of the Asp residue in the receiver domain activates the ability of the protein to promote the transcription of target genes. Type-A response regulators seem to act as negative regulators of the cytokinin signaling. (225 aa) |
| | ARR9 | Two-component response regulator ARR9; Functions as response regulator involved in His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Phosphorylation of the Asp residue in the receiver domain activates the ability of the protein to promote the transcription of target genes. Type-A response regulators seem to act as negative regulators of the cytokinin signaling. Belongs to the ARR family. Type-A subfamily. (234 aa) |
| | F12L6.20 | Gibberellin-regulated protein 8; Gibberellin-regulated protein that may function in hormonal controlled steps of development such as seed germination, flowering and seed maturation; Belongs to the GASA family. (87 aa) |
| | SDR3a | Short-chain dehydrogenase reductase 3a; Confers resistance to the incompatible pathogenic bacteria P.syringae pv. tomato DC3000 in a PR1-dependent manner. Seems not involved in abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis. Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family. (257 aa) |
| | PYL4 | Abscisic acid receptor PYL4; Receptor for abscisic acid (ABA) required for ABA-mediated responses such as stomatal closure and germination inhibition. Inhibits the activity of group-A protein phosphatases type 2C (PP2Cs) when activated by ABA. Can be activated by both (-)-ABA and (+)-ABA. (207 aa) |
| | PYL2 | Abscisic acid receptor PYL2; Receptor for abscisic acid (ABA) required for ABA-mediated responses such as stomatal closure and germination inhibition. Inhibits the activity of group-A protein phosphatases type 2C (PP2Cs) when activated by ABA. Can be activated by both (-)-ABA and (+)-ABA. (190 aa) |
| | CYP707A2 | Abscisic acid 8'-hydroxylase 2; Involved in the oxidative degradation of abscisic acid, but not in the isomerization of the produced 8'-hydroxyabscisic acid (8'- OH-ABA) to (-)-phaseic acid (PA). Involved in the control of seed dormancy and germination. (482 aa) |
| | GH3.9 | Putative indole-3-acetic acid-amido synthetase GH3.9; Catalyzes the synthesis of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-amino acid conjugates, providing a mechanism for the plant to cope with the presence of excess auxin; Belongs to the IAA-amido conjugating enzyme family. (585 aa) |
| | CRF5 | Ethylene-responsive transcription factor CRF5; Component of the cytokinin signaling pathway involved in cotyledons, leaves, and embryos development. Probably acts as a transcriptional activator. Binds to the GCC-box pathogenesis-related promoter element. May be involved in the regulation of gene expression by stress factors and by components of stress signal transduction pathways (By similarity); Belongs to the AP2/ERF transcription factor family. ERF subfamily. (294 aa) |
| | ARR4 | Two-component response regulator ARR4; Functions as response regulator involved in His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Phosphorylation of the Asp residue in the receiver domain activates the ability of the protein to promote the transcription of target genes. Type-A response regulators seem to act as negative regulators of the cytokinin signaling. Modulates red light signaling through its interaction with the phytochrome B photoreceptor. (259 aa) |
| | SRK2A | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SRK2A. (363 aa) |
| | SRK2G | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SRK2G; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. (353 aa) |
| | ABI1 | Protein phosphatase 2C 56; Key component and repressor of the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway that regulates numerous ABA responses, such as stomatal closure, osmotic water permeability of the plasma membrane (Pos), drought-induced resistance and rhizogenesis, response to glucose, high light stress, seed germination and inhibition of vegetative growth. During the stomatal closure regulation, modulates the inward calcium-channel permeability as well as the actin reorganization in guard cells in response to ABA. Involved in the resistance to the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syrin [...] (434 aa) |
| | PP2CA | Protein phosphatase 2C 37; Major negative regulator of abscisic acid (ABA) responses during seed germination and cold acclimation. Confers insensitivity to ABA. Modulates negatively the AKT2/3 activity, which mediates K(+) transport and membrane polarization during stress situations, probably by dephosphorylation. Prevents stomata closure by inactivating the S- type anion efflux channel SLAC1 and its activator SRK2E. Represses KIN10 activity by the specific dephosphorylation of its T-loop Thr-198, leading to a poststress inactivation of SnRK1 signaling. (399 aa) |
| | ARR12 | Two-component response regulator ARR12; Transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-[AG]GATT-3'. Functions as a response regulator involved in His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Phosphorylation of the Asp residue in the receiver domain activates the ability of the protein to promote the transcription of target genes. Could directly activate some type-A response regulators in response to cytokinins. Involved in the root-meristem size determination through the regulation of cell differentiation. Involved in activating SHY2 during meristem gro [...] (596 aa) |
| | DOF1.2 | Dof zinc finger protein DOF1.2; Transcription factor that binds specifically to a 5'-AA[AG]G- 3' consensus core sequence. (260 aa) |
| | DOF1.5 | Dof zinc finger protein DOF1.5; Transcription factor that binds specifically to a 5'-AA[AG]G- 3' consensus core sequence. Acts as a negative regulator in the phytochrome-mediated light responses. Controls phyB-mediated end-of-day response and the phyA-mediated anthocyanin accumulation. Not involved in direct flowering time regulation. (175 aa) |
| | ABI3 | B3 domain-containing transcription factor ABI3; Participates in abscisic acid-regulated gene expression during seed development. Regulates the transcription of SGR1 and SGR2 that are involved in leaf and embryo degreening. (720 aa) |
| | EM6 | Em-like protein GEA6; It is thought to provide protection for the cytoplasm during the desiccation stage of embryo development. (92 aa) |
| | EM1 | Em-like protein GEA1; It is thought to provide protection for the cytoplasm during the desiccation stage of embryo development; Belongs to the small hydrophilic plant seed protein family. (152 aa) |
| | PYL7 | Abscisic acid receptor PYL7; Receptor for abscisic acid (ABA) required for ABA-mediated responses such as stomatal closure and germination inhibition. Inhibits the activity of group-A protein phosphatases type 2C (PP2Cs) when activated by ABA. (211 aa) |
| | GA1 | Ent-copalyl diphosphate synthase, chloroplastic; Catalyzes the conversion of geranylgeranyl diphosphate to the gibberellin precursor ent-copalyl diphosphate. (802 aa) |
| | GA3OX1 | Gibberellin 3-beta-dioxygenase 1; Converts the inactive gibberellin (GA) precursors GA9 and GA20 in the bioactives gibberellins GA4 and GA1. Involved in the production of bioactive GA for vegetative growth and development. Belongs to the iron/ascorbate-dependent oxidoreductase family. GA3OX subfamily. (358 aa) |
| | GA20OX1 | Gibberellin 20 oxidase 1; Key oxidase enzyme in the biosynthesis of gibberellin that catalyzes the conversion of GA12 and GA53 to GA9 and GA20 respectively, via a three-step oxidation at C-20 of the GA skeleton. GA53 is less effectively oxidized than GA12, and GA25 is also formed as a minor product. Involved in the promotion of the floral transition, fertility and silique elongation, but plays only a minor role in elongation of seedling organs. Acts redundantly with GA20OX2. Belongs to the iron/ascorbate-dependent oxidoreductase family. GA20OX subfamily. (377 aa) |
| | GA20OX2 | Gibberellin 20 oxidase 2; Key oxidase enzyme in the biosynthesis of gibberellin that catalyzes the conversion of GA12 and GA53 to GA9 and GA20 respectively, via a three-step oxidation at C-20 of the GA skeleton. GA53 is less effectively oxidized than GA12, and GA25 is also formed as a minor product. Involved in the promotion of the floral transition, fertility and silique elongation, but plays only a minor role in elongation of seedling organs. Acts redundantly with GA20OX1. (378 aa) |
| | GA20OX3 | Gibberellin 20 oxidase 3; Key oxidase enzyme in the biosynthesis of gibberellin that catalyzes the conversion of GA12 and GA53 to GA9 and GA20 respectively, via a three-step oxidation at C-20 of the GA skeleton. GA53 is less effectively oxidized than GA12, and GA25 is also formed as a minor product; Belongs to the iron/ascorbate-dependent oxidoreductase family. GA20OX subfamily. (380 aa) |
| | SRK2D | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SRK2D; Together with SRK2I, key component and activator of the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway that regulates numerous ABA responses, such as seed germination, Pro accumulation, root growth inhibition, dormancy and seedling growth, and, to a lesser extent, stomatal closure; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. (362 aa) |
| | SRK2I | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SRK2I; Together with SRK2D, key component and activator of the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway that regulates numerous ABA responses, such as seed germination, Pro accumulation, root growth inhibition, dormancy and seedling growth, and, to a lesser extent, stomatal closure. (361 aa) |
| | TGA3 | Transcription factor TGA3; Transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGACG-3'. Recognizes ocs elements like the as-1 motif of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. Binding to the as-1-like cis elements mediate auxin- and salicylic acid-inducible transcription. Required to induce the systemic acquired resistance (SAR) via the regulation of pathogenesis-related genes expression. Binding to the as- 1 element of PR-1 promoter is salicylic acid-inducible and mediated by NPR1. Could also bind to the Hex-motif (5'-TGACGTGG-3') another cis- acting element fo [...] (384 aa) |
| | AHK5 | Histidine kinase 5; Functions as a histidine kinase and transmits the stress signal to a downstream MAPK cascade. This protein undergoes an ATP- dependent autophosphorylation at a conserved histidine residue in the kinase core, and a phosphoryl group is then transferred to a conserved aspartate residue in the receiver domain. Negative regulator of the ETR1-dependent abscisic acid (ABA) and ethylene signaling pathway that inhibits the root elongation. Promotes stomatal closure. Regulates stomatal opening by integrating multiple signals via hydrogen peroxide H(2)O(2) homeostasis in guard [...] (922 aa) |
| | DOF3.7 | Dof zinc finger protein DOF3.7; Transcription factor specifically involved in the maternal control of seed germination. Regulates transcription by binding to a 5'-AA[AG]G-3' consensus core sequence. May ensure the inactivity of a component that would be activated to trigger germination as a consequence of red light perception. (296 aa) |
| | CKX5 | Cytokinin dehydrogenase 5; Catalyzes the oxidation of cytokinins, a family of N(6)- substituted adenine derivatives that are plant hormones, where the substituent is an isopentenyl group. (540 aa) |
| | MDC12.4 | 2-oxoglutarate (2OG) and Fe(II)-dependent oxygenase superfamily protein. (462 aa) |
| | ARR15 | Two-component response regulator ARR15; Functions as response regulator involved in His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Phosphorylation of the Asp residue in the receiver domain activates the ability of the protein to promote the transcription of target genes. Type-A response regulators seem to act as negative regulators of the cytokinin signaling. (206 aa) |
| | BSK12 | Probable inactive receptor-like kinase BSK12; Probable inactive protein kinase that activates the YODA MAP kinase cascade, which regulates the asymmetric first division and embryo polarity, by promoting the elongation of the zygote and the development of its basal daughter cell into the extra-embryonic suspensor. Acts as an adapter at the plasma membrane, possibly by recruiting and binding an activator. (465 aa) |
| | LOG8 | Cytokinin riboside 5'-monophosphate phosphoribohydrolase LOG8; Cytokinin-activating enzyme working in the direct activation pathway. Phosphoribohydrolase that converts inactive cytokinin nucleotides to the biologically active free-base forms. (216 aa) |
| | PYL9 | Abscisic acid receptor PYL9; Receptor for abscisic acid (ABA) required for ABA-mediated responses such as stomatal closure and germination inhibition. Inhibits the activity of group-A protein phosphatases type 2C (PP2Cs) in an ABA- independent manner but more efficiently when activated by ABA. Confers enhanced sensitivity to ABA. Can be activated only by (+)-ABA but not by (-)-ABA. (187 aa) |
| | LOG7 | Cytokinin riboside 5'-monophosphate phosphoribohydrolase LOG7; Cytokinin-activating enzyme working in the direct activation pathway. Phosphoribohydrolase that converts inactive cytokinin nucleotides to the biologically active free-base forms. (217 aa) |
| | RGL2 | DELLA protein RGL2; Probable transcriptional regulator that acts as a repressor of the gibberellin (GA) signaling pathway. No effect of the BOI proteins on its stability. Probably acts by participating in large multiprotein complexes that repress transcription of GA-inducible genes. Upon GA application, it is degraded by the proteasome, allowing the GA signaling pathway. Acts as a major GA-response repressor of seed germination, including seed thermoinhibition. Promotes the biosynthesis of abscisic acid (ABA), especially in seed coats to maintain seed dormancy. Delays flowering and adu [...] (547 aa) |
| | GH3.15 | Indole-3-acetic acid-amido synthetase GH3.15; Indole-3-acetic acid-amido (IAA) synthetase that catalyzes the conjugation of amino acids to auxin specifically using the auxin precursor indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and glutamine and, possibly, cysteine as substrates. Displays high catalytic activity with the auxinic phenoxyalkanoic acid herbicides 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid (2,4-DB) and to some extent 2,4-dichlorophenoxylacetic acid (2,4-D) as substrates, thus confering resistance to herbicides. Belongs to the IAA-amido conjugating enzyme family. (595 aa) |
| | PIF1 | Transcription factor PIF1; Transcription activator. Regulates negatively chlorophyll biosynthesis and seed germination in the dark, and lightinduced degradation of PIF1 relieves this negative regulation to promote photomorphogenesis. Binds to the G-box motif (5'-CACGTG-3') found in many light-regulated promoters. Promotes the expression of SOM, and thus modulates responses to abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellic acid (GA). (478 aa) |
| | PYL10 | Abscisic acid receptor PYL10; Receptor for abscisic acid (ABA) required for ABA-mediated responses such as stomatal closure and germination inhibition. Inhibits the activity of group-A protein phosphatases type 2C (PP2Cs) in an ABA- independent manner but more efficiently when activated by ABA. Can be activated by both (-)-ABA and (+)-ABA. (183 aa) |
| | LOG3 | Cytokinin riboside 5'-monophosphate phosphoribohydrolase LOG3; Cytokinin-activating enzyme working in the direct activation pathway. Phosphoribohydrolase that converts inactive cytokinin nucleotides to the biologically active free-base forms. (215 aa) |
| | AHP5 | Histidine-containing phosphotransfer protein 5; Functions as two-component phosphorelay mediators between cytokinin sensor histidine kinases and response regulators (B-type ARRs). Plays an important role in propagating cytokinin signal transduction through the multistep His-to-Asp phosphorelay. (157 aa) |
| | ARR14 | Two-component response regulator ARR14; Transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-[AG]GATT-3'. Functions as a response regulator involved in His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Phosphorylation of the Asp residue in the receiver domain activates the ability of the protein to promote the transcription of target genes. Could directly activate some type-A response regulators in response to cytokinins (By similarity); Belongs to the ARR family. Type-B subfamily. (382 aa) |
| | LOG5 | Cytokinin riboside 5'-monophosphate phosphoribohydrolase LOG5; Cytokinin-activating enzyme working in the direct activation pathway. Phosphoribohydrolase that converts inactive cytokinin nucleotides to the biologically active free-base forms. (228 aa) |
| | GA2OX1 | Gibberellin 2-beta-dioxygenase 1; Catalyzes the 2-beta-hydroxylation of several biologically active gibberellins, leading to the homeostatic regulation of their endogenous level. Catabolism of gibberellins (GAs) plays a central role in plant development. Converts GA9/GA20 to GA51/GA29 and GA4/GA1 to GA34/GA8; Belongs to the iron/ascorbate-dependent oxidoreductase family. GA2OX subfamily. (329 aa) |
| | LOG1 | Cytokinin riboside 5'-monophosphate phosphoribohydrolase LOG1; Cytokinin-activating enzyme working in the direct activation pathway. Phosphoribohydrolase that converts inactive cytokinin nucleotides to the biologically active free-base forms. (213 aa) |
| | PYL6 | Abscisic acid receptor PYL6; Receptor for abscisic acid (ABA) required for ABA-mediated responses such as stomatal closure and germination inhibition. Inhibits the activity of group-A protein phosphatases type 2C (PP2Cs) in an ABA- independent manner but more efficiently when activated by ABA. Can be activated by both (-)-ABA and (+)-ABA. May link ABA and jasmonate signaling pathways by modifying MYC2 transcriptional activity, and regulation of JAZ6 and JAZ8 gene expression by MYC2. (215 aa) |
| | PYL1 | Abscisic acid receptor PYL1; Receptor for abscisic acid (ABA) required for ABA-mediated responses such as stomatal closure and germination inhibition. Inhibits the activity of group-A protein phosphatases type 2C (PP2Cs) when activated by ABA. Can be activated by both (-)-ABA and (+)-ABA. (221 aa) |
| | IPT3 | Adenylate isopentenyltransferase 3, chloroplastic; Involved in cytokinin biosynthesis. Catalyzes the transfer of an isopentenyl group from dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) to ATP and ADP; Belongs to the IPP transferase family. (336 aa) |
| | KO | Ent-kaurene oxidase, chloroplastic; Catalyzes three successive oxidations of the 4-methyl group of ent-kaurene giving kaurenoic acid, a key step in gibberellins (GAs) biosynthesis. GAs, which are involved many processes, including stem elongation, play a central role in plant development. (509 aa) |
| | ARR1 | Two-component response regulator ARR1; Transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-[AG]GATT-3'. Functions as a response regulator involved in His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Phosphorylation of the Asp residue in the receiver domain activates the ability of the protein to promote the transcription of target genes. Could directly activate some type-A response regulators in response to cytokinins. Regulates SHY2 by binding to its promoter. Involved in the root-meristem size determination through the regulation of cell differentiation. Belon [...] (690 aa) |
| | GID1C | Gibberellin receptor GID1C; Functions as soluble gibberellin (GA) receptor. GA is an essential hormone that regulates growth and development in plants. Binds with high affinity the biologically active gibberellin GA4, but has no affinity for the biologically inactive GAs. In response to GA, interacts with specific DELLA proteins, known as repressors of GA- induced growth, and targets them for degradation via proteasome. Seems to be required for GA signaling that controls root growth, seed germination and stem elongation. Partially redundant with GID1A and GID1B; Belongs to the 'GDXG' l [...] (344 aa) |
| | SRK2E | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SRK2E; Activator of the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway that regulates numerous ABA responses, such as stomata closure in response to drought, darkness, high CO(2), plant pathogens, or decreases in atmospheric relative humidity (RH). Involved in the resistance to drought by avoiding water loss. Required for the stomata closure mediated by pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMPs) (e.g. flg22 and LPS) of pathogenic bacteria such as P.syringae pv. tomato (Pst) and E.coli O157:H7. As a plant defense process, stomata are closed transiently in order [...] (362 aa) |
| | IPT7 | Adenylate isopentenyltransferase 7, mitochondrial; Involved in cytokinin biosynthesis. Catalyzes the transfer of an isopentenyl group from dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) to ATP and ADP. (329 aa) |
| | IPT5 | Adenylate isopentenyltransferase 5, chloroplastic; Involved in cytokinin biosynthesis. Catalyzes the transfer of an isopentenyl group from dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) to ATP and ADP; Belongs to the IPP transferase family. (330 aa) |
| | IPT1 | Adenylate isopentenyltransferase 1, chloroplastic; Involved in cytokinin biosynthesis. Catalyzes the transfer of an isopentenyl group from dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) to ATP, ADP and AMP. Adenine, adenosine, isopentenylpyrophosphate and 1-hydroxy-2- methyl-2-(E)-butenyl 4-diphosphate (HMBDP) are not used as substrates. (357 aa) |
| | IPT9 | tRNA dimethylallyltransferase 9; Catalyzes the transfer of a dimethylallyl group onto the adenine at position 37 in tRNAs that read codons beginning with uridine, leading to the formation of N6-(dimethylallyl)adenosine (i(6)A). Involved in the cis-type cytokinin biosynthesis. Belongs to the IPP transferase family. (463 aa) |
| | AHK4 | Histidine kinase 4; Cytokinins (CK) receptor related to bacterial two-component regulators. Binds also the synthetic urea-type cytokinin thiadiazuron, a potent defoliant and herbicide. Functions as a histidine kinase and transmits the stress signal to a downstream MAPK cascade. This protein undergoes an ATP-dependent autophosphorylation at a conserved histidine residue in the kinase core, and a phosphoryl group is then transferred to a conserved aspartate residue in the receiver domain. In the presence of cytokinin, feeds phosphate to phosphorelay-integrating histidine phosphotransfer [...] (1080 aa) |
| | AHK3 | Histidine kinase 3; Cytokinins (CK) receptor related to bacterial two-component regulators. Functions as a histidine kinase and transmits the stress signal to a downstream MAPK cascade. This protein undergoes an ATP- dependent autophosphorylation at a conserved histidine residue in the kinase core, and a phosphoryl group is then transferred to a conserved aspartate residue in the receiver domain. In the presence of cytokinin, feeds phosphate to phosphorelay-integrating histidine phosphotransfer protein (HPt) and activates subsequent cascade. Involved in meristems establishment in seedl [...] (1036 aa) |
| | AHK2 | Histidine kinase 2; Cytokinins (CK) receptor related to bacterial two-component regulators. Functions as a histidine kinase and transmits the stress signal to a downstream MAPK cascade. This protein undergoes an ATP- dependent autophosphorylation at a conserved histidine residue in the kinase core, and a phosphoryl group is then transferred to a conserved aspartate residue in the receiver domain. In the presence of cytokinin, feeds phosphate to phosphorelay-integrating histidine phosphotransfer protein (HPt) and activates subsequent cascade. Involved in meristems establishment in seedl [...] (1176 aa) |
| | KAO2 | Ent-kaurenoic acid oxidase 2; Catalyzes three successive oxidations of ent-kaurenoic acid giving gibberellin 12 (GA12), a key step in gibberellins (GAs) biosynthesis. GAs, which are involved many processes, including stem elongation, play a central role in plant development. Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (489 aa) |
| | GA2OX7 | Gibberellin 2-beta-dioxygenase 7; Catalyzes the 2-beta-hydroxylation of gibberellins (GA) precursors, rendering them unable to be converted to active GAs. Hydroxylates the C20-GA GA12 and GA53, but is not active on C19-GAs, like GA1, GA4, GA9 and GA20. (336 aa) |
| | F11I4.14 | Auxin-responsive GH3 family protein. (525 aa) |
| | GA2OX4 | Gibberellin 2-beta-dioxygenase 4; Catalyzes the 2-beta-hydroxylation of several biologically active gibberellins, leading to the homeostatic regulation of their endogenous level. Catabolism of gibberellins (GAs) plays a central role in plant development. Converts GA9/GA20 to GA51/GA29 and GA4/GA1 to GA34/GA8; Belongs to the iron/ascorbate-dependent oxidoreductase family. GA2OX subfamily. (321 aa) |
| | RGL1 | DELLA protein RGL1; Probable transcriptional regulator that acts as a repressor of the gibberellin (GA) signaling pathway. No effect of the BOI proteins on its stability. Probably acts by participating in large multiprotein complexes that repress transcription of GA-inducible genes. Has overlapping but distinct roles in GA signaling compared to RGA and GAI. Regulates the floral development. May also participate in seed germination and in ovule and anther development. Its activity is probably regulated by other phytohormones such as auxin and ethylene. (511 aa) |
| | GA20OX4 | Gibberellin 20 oxidase 4; Key oxidase enzyme in the biosynthesis of gibberellin that catalyzes the conversion of GA12 and GA53 to GA9 and GA20 respectively, via a three-step oxidation at C-20 of the GA skeleton. (376 aa) |
| | SRK2B | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SRK2B; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. (361 aa) |
| | GA3OX4 | Gibberellin 3-beta-dioxygenase 4; Converts the inactive gibberellin (GA) precursors GA9 and GA20 in the bioactives gibberellins GA4 and GA1. Involved in the production of bioactive GA for reproductive development. (355 aa) |
| | APRR6 | Putative two-component response regulator-like APRR6. (755 aa) |
| | HAB1 | Protein phosphatase 2C 16; Key component and repressor of the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway that regulates numerous ABA responses, such as stomatal closure, seed germination and inhibition of vegetative growth. Confers enhanced sensitivity to drought. Belongs to the PP2C family. (511 aa) |
| | MYB44 | Transcription factor MYB44; Transcription factor. Represses the expression of protein phosphatases 2C in response to abscisic acid (ABA). Confers resistance to abiotic stresses dependent of ABA. In response to auxin, activates the transcription of the auxin-responsive gene IAA19. The IAA19 transcription activation by MYB44 is enhanced by direct interaction between MYB44 and PYL8. Transcriptional activator of WRKY70 by direct binding to its promoter region, especially at 5'-TAACNG-3' and 5'-CNGTTA-3' symmetric motifs. Activates salicylic acid (SA)- mediated defenses and subsequent resis [...] (305 aa) |
| | CYP735A1 | Cytokinin hydroxylase; Cytokinin hydroxylase that catalyzes the biosynthesis of trans-zeatin via the isopentenyladenine riboside 5'-monophosphate (iPRMP)-dependent pathway. Can use isopentenyladenosine-5'- monophosphate, isopentenyladenosine-5'-diphosphate and isopentenyladenosine-5'-triphosphate as substrate. (518 aa) |
| | SRK2H | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SRK2H; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. (360 aa) |
| | PYL8 | Abscisic acid receptor PYL8; Receptor for abscisic acid (ABA) required for ABA-mediated responses such as stomatal closure and germination inhibition. Inhibits the activity of group-A protein phosphatases type 2C (PP2Cs) in an ABA- independent manner but more efficiently when activated by ABA. Confers enhanced sensitivity to ABA. Can be activated by both (-)-ABA and (+)-ABA. Mediates crosstalk between ABA and auxin signaling to regulate lateral root growth. Required for lateral root growth suppression by ABA. In response to auxin, promotes lateral root growth by enhancing MYB77- depend [...] (188 aa) |
| | ARR18 | Two-component response regulator ARR18; Transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-[AG]GATT-3'. Functions as a response regulator involved in His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Phosphorylation of the Asp residue in the receiver domain activates the ability of the protein to promote the transcription of target genes. Could directly activate some type-A response regulators in response to cytokinins (By similarity). (635 aa) |
| | K17N15.2 | Auxin-responsive GH3 family protein. (581 aa) |
| | SAG113 | Probable protein phosphatase 2C 78; Acts as negative regulator of abscisic acid (ABA) signaling for stomatal closure in leaves, and controls water loss during leaf senescence. Activated by the NAC029/NAP transcription factor during ABA signaling in senescing leaves. Functions as negative regulator of osmotic stress and ABA signaling. Acts as negative regulator of response to drought. Belongs to the PP2C family. (413 aa) |
| | APRR4 | Putative two-component response regulator-like APRR4; Transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-[AG]GATT-3'. (292 aa) |
| | PYL12 | Abscisic acid receptor PYL12; Receptor for abscisic acid (ABA) required for ABA-mediated responses such as stomatal closure and germination inhibition. Inhibits the activity of group-A protein phosphatases type 2C (PP2Cs) when activated by ABA. (159 aa) |
| | PYL11 | Abscisic acid receptor PYL11; Receptor for abscisic acid (ABA) required for ABA-mediated responses such as stomatal closure and germination inhibition. Inhibits the activity of group-A protein phosphatases type 2C (PP2Cs) when activated by ABA (By similarity). Suppresses the phosphatase activity of TOPP1 in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. (161 aa) |
| | CRF3 | Ethylene-responsive transcription factor CRF3; Component of the cytokinin signaling pathway involved in cotyledons, leaves, and embryos development. Probably acts as a transcriptional activator. Binds to the GCC-box pathogenesis-related promoter element. May be involved in the regulation of gene expression by stress factors and by components of stress signal transduction pathways (By similarity). (354 aa) |
| | PYL5 | Abscisic acid receptor PYL5; Receptor for abscisic acid (ABA) required for ABA-mediated responses such as stomatal closure and germination inhibition. Inhibits the activity of group-A protein phosphatases type 2C (PP2Cs) in an ABA- independent manner but more efficiently when activated by ABA. Confers enhanced sensitivity to ABA. Can be activated by both (-)-ABA and (+)-ABA. (203 aa) |
| | AHG1 | Probable protein phosphatase 2C 75; Negative regulator of abscisic acid (ABA) responses during seed germination; Belongs to the PP2C family. (416 aa) |
| | ARR17 | Two-component response regulator ARR17; Functions as response regulator involved in His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Phosphorylation of the Asp residue in the receiver domain activates the ability of the protein to promote the transcription of target genes. Type-A response regulators seem to act as negative regulators of the cytokinin signaling (By similarity). (153 aa) |
| | CKX7 | Cytokinin dehydrogenase 7; Catalyzes the oxidation of cytokinins, a family of N(6)- substituted adenine derivatives that are plant hormones, where the substituent is an isopentenyl group. (524 aa) |
| | CKX4 | Cytokinin dehydrogenase 4; Catalyzes the oxidation of cytokinins, a family of N(6)- substituted adenine derivatives that are plant hormones, where the substituent is an isopentenyl group; Belongs to the oxygen-dependent FAD-linked oxidoreductase family. (524 aa) |
| | CKX2 | Cytokinin dehydrogenase 2; Catalyzes the oxidation of cytokinins, a family of N(6)- substituted adenine derivatives that are plant hormones, where the substituent is an isopentenyl group; Belongs to the oxygen-dependent FAD-linked oxidoreductase family. (501 aa) |
| | SOT8 | Cytosolic sulfotransferase 8; Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as sulfonate donor. No activity with brassinosteroids. Belongs to the sulfotransferase 1 family. (331 aa) |
| | ARR11 | Two-component response regulator ARR11; Transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-[AG]GATT-3'. Functions as a response regulator involved in His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Phosphorylation of the Asp residue in the receiver domain activates the ability of the protein to promote the transcription of target genes. Could directly activate some type-A response regulators in response to cytokinins (By similarity); Belongs to the ARR family. Type-B subfamily. (521 aa) |
| | GA2OX6 | Gibberellin 2-beta-dioxygenase 6; Catalyzes the 2-beta-hydroxylation of several biologically active gibberellins, leading to the homeostatic regulation of their endogenous level. Catabolism of gibberellins (GAs) plays a central role in plant development. Converts GA9/GA20 to GA51/GA29 and GA4/GA1 to GA34/GA8. Has no C20-GA 2 oxidase activity against GA12 and GA53. (329 aa) |
| | SLAC1 | Guard cell S-type anion channel SLAC1; Slow, weak voltage-dependent S-type anion efflux channel involved in maintenance of anion homeostasis. Cl(-) efflux through SLAC1 causes membrane depolarization, which activates outward- rectifying K1 channels, leading to KCl and water efflux to reduce turgor further and cause stomatal closure, that reduces water loss and promotes leaf turgor. Essential for stomatal closure in response to CO(2), abscisic acid (ABA), ozone O(3), light/dark transitions, humidity change, calcium ions, hydrogen peroxide H(2)O(2), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and nit [...] (556 aa) |
| | DPBF3 | ABSCISIC ACID-INSENSITIVE 5-like protein 2; Binds to the embryo specification element and the ABA- responsive element (ABRE) of the Dc3 gene promoter. Could participate in abscisic acid-regulated gene expression during seed development. (297 aa) |
| | IPT8 | Adenylate isopentenyltransferase 8, chloroplastic; Involved in cytokinin biosynthesis. Catalyzes the transfer of an isopentenyl group from dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) to ATP and ADP. (330 aa) |
| | DREB1F | Dehydration-responsive element-binding protein 1F; Transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-[AG]CCGAC-3'. Binding to the C-repeat/DRE element mediates cold or dehydration-inducible transcription. CBF/DREB1 factors play a key role in freezing tolerance and cold acclimation. (209 aa) |
| | HAB2 | Protein phosphatase 2C 7; Key component and repressor of the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway that regulates numerous ABA responses, such as stomatal closure, seed germination and inhibition of vegetative growth. (511 aa) |
| | AIP1 | Protein phosphatase 2C 3; Involved in the negative regulation of the K(+) potassium channel AKT1 by its dephosphorylation, antagonistically to CIPK proteins (e.g. CIPK23). Functions as positive regulator of abscisic acid-mediated cell signaling during seedling growth. Involved in the regulation of seed dormancy. Acts as negative regulator of seed dormancy by inhibiting abscisic signaling and subsequently activating gibberellic acid signaling ; Belongs to the PP2C family. (442 aa) |
| | GAI | DELLA protein GAI; Transcriptional regulator that acts as a repressor of the gibberellin (GA) signaling pathway. Transcription coactivator of the zinc finger transcription factors GAF1/IDD2 and ENY/IDD1 in regulation of gibberellin homeostasis and signaling. No effect of the BOI proteins on its stability. Probably acts by participating in large multiprotein complexes that repress transcription of GA-inducible genes. Positively regulates XERICO expression. In contrast to RGA, it is less sensitive to GA. Its activity is probably regulated by other phytohormones such as auxin and ethylene [...] (533 aa) |
| | NCED6 | 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase NCED6, chloroplastic; Has a 11,12(11',12') 9-cis epoxycarotenoid cleavage activity. Catalyzes the first step of abscisic-acid biosynthesis from carotenoids. Contributes probably to abscisic acid synthesis for the induction of seed dormancy. (577 aa) |
| | BSK2 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase BSK2; Probable serine/threonine kinase that acts as positive regulator of brassinosteroid (BR) signaling downstream of the receptor kinase BRI1. Mediates signal transduction from BRI1 by functioning as substrate of BRI1. (489 aa) |
| | BHLH121 | Transcription factor bHLH121. (337 aa) |
| | CKX3 | Cytokinin dehydrogenase 3; Catalyzes the oxidation of cytokinins, a family of N(6)- substituted adenine derivatives that are plant hormones, where the substituent is an isopentenyl group. (523 aa) |
| | AHP4 | Histidine-containing phosphotransfer protein 4; Functions as two-component phosphorelay mediators between cytokinin sensor histidine kinases and response regulators (B-type ARRs). Plays an important role in propagating cytokinin signal transduction through the multistep His-to-Asp phosphorelay. (127 aa) |
| | CKX6 | Cytokinin dehydrogenase 6; Catalyzes the oxidation of cytokinins, a family of N(6)- substituted adenine derivatives that are plant hormones, where the substituent is an isopentenyl group; Belongs to the oxygen-dependent FAD-linked oxidoreductase family. (533 aa) |
| | GID1B | Gibberellin receptor GID1B; Functions as soluble gibberellin (GA) receptor. GA is an essential hormone that regulates growth and development in plants. Binds with high affinity the biologically active gibberellin GA4, but has no affinity for the biologically inactive GAs. In response to GA, interacts with specific DELLA proteins, known as repressors of GA- induced growth, and targets them for degradation via proteasome. Seems to be required for GA signaling that controls root growth, seed germination and flower development. May function as a dominant GA receptor at low GA concentration [...] (358 aa) |
| | ARR21 | Putative two-component response regulator ARR21; Putative transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-[AG]GATT-3'. Functions as response regulator involved in His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Phosphorylation of the Asp residue in the receiver domain activates the ability of the protein to promote the transcription of target genes. Could directly activate some type-A response regulators in response to cytokinins (By similarity); Belongs to the ARR family. Type-B subfamily. (613 aa) |
| | T31B5_170 | Auxin-responsive GH3 family protein. (587 aa) |
| | ARR20 | Putative two-component response regulator ARR20; Putative transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-[AG]GATT-3'. Functions as response regulator involved in His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Phosphorylation of the Asp residue in the receiver domain activates the ability of the protein to promote the transcription of target genes. Could directly activate some type-A response regulators in response to cytokinins (By similarity). (426 aa) |
| | BHLH57 | Transcription factor bHLH57. (315 aa) |
| | AMP1 | Probable glutamate carboxypeptidase AMP1; May modulate the level of one or more small signaling molecules that have a role in regulating meristem function. May play a role in balancing and restricting the meristem-promoting activity of auxin signaling. Involved in ethylene and giberellin (GA) signaling pathways or in a parallel pathway controlling cell and hypocotyl elongation and cellular organization. Involved in abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway. Plays a negative role in ABA-mediated seed germination and seedling development. Acts in association with LAMP1 to suppress ectopic st [...] (705 aa) |
| | CRF6 | Ethylene-responsive transcription factor CRF6; Component of the cytokinin signaling pathway involved in cotyledons, leaves, and embryos development. Probably acts as a transcriptional activator. Binds to the GCC-box pathogenesis-related promoter element. May be involved in the regulation of gene expression by stress factors and by components of stress signal transduction pathways (By similarity); Belongs to the AP2/ERF transcription factor family. ERF subfamily. (315 aa) |
| | ABF3 | ABSCISIC ACID-INSENSITIVE 5-like protein 6; Binds to the ABA-responsive element (ABRE). Mediates stress- responsive ABA signaling; Belongs to the bZIP family. ABI5 subfamily. (454 aa) |
| | ABF1 | ABSCISIC ACID-INSENSITIVE 5-like protein 4; Binds to the ABA-responsive element (ABRE). Could participate in abscisic acid-regulated gene expression; Belongs to the bZIP family. ABI5 subfamily. (392 aa) |
| | ARR22 | Two-component response regulator ARR22; Functions as response regulator involved in His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Phosphorylation of the Asp residue in the receiver domain activates the ability of the protein to promote the transcription of target genes. Type-A response regulators seem to act as negative regulators of the cytokinin signaling (By similarity). (142 aa) |
| | ARR19 | Putative two-component response regulator ARR19; Putative transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-[AG]GATT-3'. Functions as response regulator involved in His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Phosphorylation of the Asp residue in the receiver domain activates the ability of the protein to promote the transcription of target genes. Could directly activate some type-A response regulators in response to cytokinins (By similarity); Belongs to the ARR family. Type-B subfamily. (407 aa) |
| | SRK2C | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SRK2C; Involved in gene regulation and confers tolerance to drought and osmotic stress; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. (343 aa) |
| | NCED9 | 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase NCED9, chloroplastic; Has a 11,12(11',12') 9-cis epoxycarotenoid cleavage activity. Catalyzes the first step of abscisic-acid biosynthesis from carotenoids. Contributes probably to abscisic acid synthesis for the induction of seed dormancy. (657 aa) |
| | GID1A | Gibberellin receptor GID1A; Functions as soluble gibberellin (GA) receptor. GA is an essential hormone that regulates growth and development in plants. Binds with high affinity the biologically active gibberellin GA4, but has no affinity for the biologically inactive GAs. In response to GA, interacts with specific DELLA proteins, known as repressors of GA- induced growth, and targets them for degradation via proteasome. Seems to be required for GA signaling that controls root growth, seed germination, stem elongation and flower development. Partially redundant with GID1B and GID1C; Bel [...] (345 aa) |
| | GA2 | Ent-kaur-16-ene synthase, chloroplastic; Catalyzes the conversion of ent-copalyl diphosphate to the gibberellin precursor ent-kaur-16-ene. (785 aa) |
| | AHP3 | Histidine-containing phosphotransfer protein 3; Functions as two-component phosphorelay mediators between cytokinin sensor histidine kinases and response regulators (B-type ARRs). Plays an important role in propagating cytokinin signal transduction through the multistep His-to-Asp phosphorelay. (155 aa) |
| | ARR5 | Two-component response regulator ARR5; Functions as response regulator involved in His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Phosphorylation of the Asp residue in the receiver domain activates the ability of the protein to promote the transcription of target genes. Type-A response regulators seem to act as negative regulators of the cytokinin signaling. Belongs to the ARR family. Type-A subfamily. (184 aa) |
| | IPT4 | Adenylate isopentenyltransferase 4; Involved in cytokinin biosynthesis. Catalyzes the transfer of an isopentenyl group from dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) to ATP and ADP, but not to AMP. Has no DMAPP:tRNA isopentenyltransferase activity. (318 aa) |
| | DREB1E | Dehydration-responsive element-binding protein 1E; Transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-[AG]CCGAC-3'. Binding to the C-repeat/DRE element mediates cold or dehydration-inducible transcription. CBF/DREB1 factors play a key role in freezing tolerance and cold acclimation. Belongs to the AP2/ERF transcription factor family. ERF subfamily. (181 aa) |
| | ARR16 | Two-component response regulator ARR16; Functions as response regulator involved in His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Phosphorylation of the Asp residue in the receiver domain activates the ability of the protein to promote the transcription of target genes. Type-A response regulators seem to act as negative regulators of the cytokinin signaling. Belongs to the ARR family. Type-A subfamily. (164 aa) |
| | PPC3-1.2 | Probable protein phosphatase 2C 20; May be involved in defense signaling; Belongs to the PP2C family. (290 aa) |
| | ABI5 | Protein ABSCISIC ACID-INSENSITIVE 5; Participates in ABA-regulated gene expression during seed development and subsequent vegetative stage by acting as the major mediator of ABA repression of growth. Binds to the embryo specification element and the ABA-responsive element (ABRE) of the Dc3 gene promoter and to the ABRE of the Em1 and Em6 genes promoters. Can also trans- activate its own promoter, suggesting that it is autoregulated. Plays a role in sugar-mediated senescence. Belongs to the bZIP family. ABI5 subfamily. (442 aa) |
| | RGA | DELLA protein RGA; Probable transcriptional regulator that acts as a repressor of the gibberellin (GA) signaling pathway. Probably acts by participating in large multiprotein complexes that repress transcription of GA-inducible genes. Positively regulates XERICO expression in seeds. Upon GA application, it is degraded by the proteasome, allowing the GA signaling pathway. Compared to other DELLA proteins, it is the most sensitive to GA application. No effect of the BOI proteins on its stability. Its activity is probably regulated by other phytohormones such as auxin and ethylene, attenu [...] (587 aa) |
| | SRK2F | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SRK2F; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. (350 aa) |
| | MYB77 | Transcription factor MYB77; Transcription factor involved in auxin response. Functions in auxin signal transduction and modulates lateral root growth. Interacts with ARF response factors to promote auxin-responsive gene expression. In response to auxin, binds sequence-specific motifs in the promoter of the auxin-responsive gene IAA19, and activates IAA19 transcription. The IAA19 transcription activation by MYB77 is enhanced by direct interaction between MYB77 and PYL8. (301 aa) |
| | PYL13 | Abscisic acid receptor PYL13; Receptor for abscisic acid (ABA) required for ABA-mediated responses such as stomatal closure and germination inhibition (By similarity). Inhibits the activity of group-A protein phosphatases type 2C (PP2Cs), selectively PP2CA, in an ABA-independent manner. (164 aa) |
| | AHP6 | Pseudo histidine-containing phosphotransfer protein 6; Functions as two-component phosphorelay mediators between cytokinin sensor histidine kinases and response regulators (B-type ARRs). Plays an important role in propagating cytokinin signal transduction. (154 aa) |
| | PYL3 | Abscisic acid receptor PYL3; Receptor for abscisic acid (ABA) required for ABA-mediated responses such as stomatal closure and germination inhibition. Inhibits the activity of group-A protein phosphatases type 2C (PP2Cs) when activated by ABA. Can be activated by both (-)-ABA and (+)-ABA. (209 aa) |
| | GID2 | F-box protein GID2; Essential component of the SCF-type E3 ligase complex, SCF(GID2), a complex that positively regulates the gibberellin signaling pathway. Upon gibberellin treatment, the SCF(GID2) complex mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of DELLA proteins (GAI, RGA and RGL2), some repressors of the gibberellin pathway, leading to activate the pathway. (151 aa) |
| | CRF2 | Ethylene-responsive transcription factor CRF2; Component of the cytokinin signaling pathway involved in cotyledons, leaves, and embryos development. Probably acts as a transcriptional activator. Binds to the GCC-box pathogenesis-related promoter element. May be involved in the regulation of gene expression by stress factors and by components of stress signal transduction pathways (By similarity); Belongs to the AP2/ERF transcription factor family. ERF subfamily. (343 aa) |
| | GA3OX3 | Gibberellin 3-beta-dioxygenase 3; Converts the inactive gibberellin (GA) precursors GA9 and GA20 in the bioactives gibberellins GA4 and GA1. Involved in the production of bioactive GA for reproductive development. Belongs to the iron/ascorbate-dependent oxidoreductase family. GA3OX subfamily. (349 aa) |
| | AHK1 | Histidine kinase 1; Functions as an osmosensor histidine kinase that detects water stress and transmits the stress signal to a downstream MAPK cascade. This protein undergoes an ATP-dependent autophosphorylation at a conserved histidine residue in the kinase core, and a phosphoryl group is then transferred to a conserved aspartate residue in the receiver domain. Positive regulator of drought and salt stress responses, and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling. Confers drought tolerance, probably by regulating levels of ABA accumulation. Plays a redundant role in regulating plant growth and dev [...] (1207 aa) |
| | MFT | Protein MOTHER of FT and TFL1; May form complexes with phosphorylated ligands by interfering with kinases and their effectors (By similarity). Regulates seed germination via the abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellic acid (GA)signaling pathways. During seed germination, MFT expression is directly repressed by ABI3 or promoted by ABI5 in the ABA signaling pathway. Involved in a negative feedback regulation of ABA signaling. Promotes embryo growth by direct repression of ABI5. In the GA signaling pathway, MFT expression is promoted by the DELLA protein RGL2 during seed germination. May regu [...] (173 aa) |
| | GA2OX2 | Gibberellin 2-beta-dioxygenase 2; Catalyzes the 2-beta-hydroxylation of several biologically active gibberellins, leading to the homeostatic regulation of their endogenous level. Catabolism of gibberellins (GAs) plays a central role in plant development. Converts GA9/GA20 to GA51/GA29 and GA4/GA1 to GA34/GA8. (341 aa) |
| | GH3.10 | Indole-3-acetic acid-amido synthetase GH3.10; Catalyzes the synthesis of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-amino acid conjugates, providing a mechanism for the plant to cope with the presence of excess auxin (By similarity). Involved in red light- specific hypocotyl elongation. May act downstream of a red light signal transduction and determine the degree of hypocotyl elongation ; Belongs to the IAA-amido conjugating enzyme family. (591 aa) |
| | AHP2 | Histidine-containing phosphotransfer protein 2; Functions as two-component phosphorelay mediators between cytokinin sensor histidine kinases and response regulators (B-type ARRs). Plays an important role in propagating cytokinin signal transduction through the multistep His-to-Asp phosphorelay. (156 aa) |
| | AHP1 | Histidine-containing phosphotransfer protein 1; Functions as two-component phosphorelay mediators between cytokinin sensor histidine kinases and response regulators (B-type ARRs). Plays an important role in propagating cytokinin signal transduction through the multistep His-to-Asp phosphorelay. (154 aa) |
| | DRP4A | Putative dynamin-related protein 4A; Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. Dynamin/Fzo/YdjA family. (301 aa) |
| | GA3OX2 | Gibberellin 3-beta-dioxygenase 2; Converts the inactive gibberellin (GA) precursors GA9 and GA20 in the bioactives gibberellins GA4 and GA1. Involved in the production of bioactive GA for vegetative growth and development. Belongs to the iron/ascorbate-dependent oxidoreductase family. GA3OX subfamily. (347 aa) |
| | IPT2 | tRNA dimethylallyltransferase 2; Catalyzes the transfer of a dimethylallyl group onto the adenine at position 37 in tRNAs that read codons beginning with uridine, leading to the formation of N6-(dimethylallyl)adenosine (i(6)A). Involved in the cis-type cytokinin biosynthesis. (466 aa) |
| | ARR13 | Putative two-component response regulator ARR13; Putative transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-[AG]GATT-3'. Functions as response regulator involved in His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Phosphorylation of the Asp residue in the receiver domain activates the ability of the protein to promote the transcription of target genes. Could directly activate some type-A response regulators in response to cytokinins (By similarity); Belongs to the ARR family. Type-B subfamily. (572 aa) |
| | HAI3 | Probable protein phosphatase 2C 24. (362 aa) |
| | CYP735A2 | Cytokinin hydroxylase; Cytokinin hydroxylase that catalyzes the biosynthesis of trans-zeatin via the isopentenyladenine riboside 5'-monophosphate (iPRMP)-dependent pathway. Can use isopentenyladenosine-5'- monophosphate, isopentenyladenosine-5'-diphosphate and isopentenyladenosine-5'-triphosphate as substrate. (512 aa) |
| | ARR2 | Two-component response regulator ARR2; Transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-[AG]GATT-3'. Functions as a response regulator involved in His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Phosphorylation of the Asp residue in the receiver domain activates the ability of the protein to promote the transcription of target genes. Could directly activate some type-A response regulators in response to cytokinins. Involved in the expression of nuclear genes for components of mitochondrial complex I. Promotes cytokinin-mediated leaf longevity. Involved in th [...] (664 aa) |
| | ARR6 | Two-component response regulator ARR6; Functions as response regulator involved in His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Phosphorylation of the Asp residue in the receiver domain activates the ability of the protein to promote the transcription of target genes. Type-A response regulators seem to act as negative regulators of the cytokinin signaling. Belongs to the ARR family. Type-A subfamily. (186 aa) |
| | ARR7 | Two-component response regulator ARR7; Functions as response regulator involved in His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Phosphorylation of the Asp residue in the receiver domain activates the ability of the protein to promote the transcription of target genes. Type-A response regulators seem to act as negative regulators of the cytokinin signaling. Belongs to the ARR family. Type-A subfamily. (206 aa) |
| | ARR3 | Two-component response regulator ARR3; Functions as response regulator involved in His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Phosphorylation of the Asp residue in the receiver domain activates the ability of the protein to promote the transcription of target genes. Type-A response regulators seem to act as negative regulators of the cytokinin signaling. (231 aa) |
