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T12K4_20 | Peroxidase family protein. (150 aa) | ||||
CBP60G | Calmodulin-binding protein 60 G; Transcription activator that binds DNA in a sequence-specific manner, 5'-GAAATTTTGG-3', to promote the expression of target genes. Recruited to the promoter of ICS1 and other defense-related genes (e.g. PR1, PR2 and EDS5) in response to both biotic (e.g. Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola ES4326, P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000, and microbe- associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) such as flg22) and abiotic stresses (e.g. UV-B, drought and abscisic acid), thus triggering rapid defense responses by stimulating salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis. Involved in b [...] (563 aa) | ||||
UGT74F2 | UDP-glycosyltransferase 74F2; Glycosyltransferase that glucosylates benzoic acid and derivatives. Substrate preference is benzoic acid > salicylic acid (SA) > 3-hydroxybenzoic acid > 4-hydroxybenzoic acid. Catalyzes the formation of both SA 2-O-beta-D-glucoside (SAG) and SA glucose ester (SGE). Has high affinity for the tryptophan precursor anthranilate. Catalyzes the formation of anthranilate glucose ester. Is the major source of this activity in the plant. (449 aa) | ||||
VSP1 | Vegetative storage protein 1; May function as somatic storage protein during early seedling development; Belongs to the APS1/VSP family. (270 aa) | ||||
PDF1.2B | Putative defensin-like protein 15; Confers broad-spectrum resistance to pathogens; Belongs to the DEFL family. (80 aa) | ||||
ChiC | Class V chitinase; Can hydrolyze glycol chitin and chitin oligosaccharides (e.g. N-acetylglucosamine) (GlcNAc)4, (GlcNAc)5 and (GlcNAc)6. (379 aa) | ||||
VSP2 | Vegetative storage protein 2; May function as somatic storage protein during early seedling development; Belongs to the APS1/VSP family. (265 aa) | ||||
CHI-B | Basic endochitinase B; Defense against chitin-containing fungal pathogens. Seems particularly implicated in resistance to jasmonate-inducing pathogens such as A.brassicicola. In vitro antifungal activity against T.reesei, but not against A.solani, F.oxysporum, S.sclerotiorum, G.graminis and P.megasperma. (335 aa) | ||||
CHIB1 | Acidic endochitinase; This protein functions as a defense against chitin containing fungal pathogens; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 18 family. Chitinase class III subfamily. (302 aa) | ||||
PR5 | Pathogenesis-related protein 5; Partially responsible for acquired pathogen resistance. (239 aa) | ||||
PR1-2 | Pathogenesis-related protein 1; Partially responsible for acquired pathogen resistance. (161 aa) | ||||
BG2 | Glucan endo-1,3-beta-glucosidase, acidic isoform; Implicated in the defense of plants against pathogens (Probable). Not involved in plasmodesmal callose degradation and in the gating of plasmodesmata during tobamovirus infection. Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 17 family. (339 aa) | ||||
HEL | Hevein-like preproprotein; Fungal growth inhibitors. Neither CB-HEL nor CD-HEL have chitinase activity, but both have antimicrobial activities. CD-HEL has RNase, but no DNase activity. (212 aa) | ||||
TGA2 | Transcription factor TGA2; Transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGACG-3'. Recognizes ocs elements like the as-1 motif of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. Binding to the as-1-like cis elements mediate auxin- and salicylic acid-inducible transcription. Required to induce the systemic acquired resistance (SAR) via the regulation of pathogenesis-related genes expression. Binding to the as- 1 element of PR-1 promoter is salicylic acid-inducible and mediated by NPR1. Could also bind to the C-boxes (5'-ATGACGTCAT-3') with high affinity. (330 aa) | ||||
OSM34 | Osmotin-like protein OSM34; Belongs to the thaumatin family. (244 aa) | ||||
NPR1 | Regulatory protein NPR1; May act as a substrate-specific adapter of an E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complex (CUL3-RBX1-BTB) which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Key positive regulator of the SA-dependent signaling pathway that negatively regulates JA-dependent signaling pathway. Mediates the binding of TGA factors to the as-1 motif found in the pathogenesis-related PR-1 gene, leading to the transcriptional regulation of the gene defense. Controls the onset of systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Upon SAR induction, [...] (593 aa) | ||||
PIP | Proline iminopeptidase; Specifically catalyzes the removal of N-terminal proline residues from peptides; Belongs to the peptidase S33 family. (380 aa) | ||||
TGA6 | Transcription factor TGA6; Transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGACG-3'. Recognizes ocs elements like the as-1 motif of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. Binding to the as-1-like cis elements mediate auxin- and salicylic acid-inducible transcription. May be involved in the induction of the systemic acquired resistance (SAR) via its interaction with NPR1. Could also bind to the Hex-motif (5'- TGACGTGG-3') another cis-acting element found in plant histone promoters (By similarity). (330 aa) | ||||
TGA5 | Transcription factor TGA5; Transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGACG-3'. Recognizes ocs elements like the as-1 motif of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. Binding to the as-1-like cis elements mediate auxin- and salicylic acid-inducible transcription. May be involved in the induction of the systemic acquired resistance (SAR) via its interaction with NPR1. Could also bind to the Hex-motif (5'- TGACGTGG-3') another cis-acting element found in plant histone promoters. (330 aa) | ||||
PR-1-LIKE | Pathogenesis-related protein-1-like protein; Belongs to the CRISP family. (176 aa) | ||||
PR1 | Putative pathogenesis-related protein 1, 18.9K; Belongs to the CRISP family. (166 aa) | ||||
THI2.1 | Acidic protein; Seems to function as a defense factor. Thionins are small plant proteins which are toxic to animal cells. They seem to exert their toxic effect at the level of the cell membrane. Their precise function is not known. (134 aa) | ||||
NPR4 | Regulatory protein NPR4; May act as a substrate-specific adapter of an E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complex (CUL3-RBX1-BTB) which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of basal defense responses against pathogens, and may be implicated in the cross-talk between the SA- and JA-dependent signaling pathways. (574 aa) | ||||
BSMT1 | Salicylate/benzoate carboxyl methyltransferase; Methyltransferase involved in the biosynthesis of methylsalicylate in response to stresses. Utilizes salicylic acid (SA) more efficiently than benzoic acid (BA). Can also use anthranilic acid and m-hydroxybenzoic acid as substrate. (379 aa) | ||||
BAD1 | Ankyrin repeat-containing protein BDA1; Involved in plant defense. Required for basal resistance against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000. Required for resistance against nonpathogenic bacteria. May be involved in signaling components that function downstream of SNC2 and upstream of NPR1 and WRKY70 to regulate defense responses. (426 aa) | ||||
ACS12 | Probable aminotransferase ACS12; Probable aminotransferase. Does not have 1-aminocyclopropane- 1-carboxylate synthase (ACS) activity, suggesting that it is not involved in ethylene biosynthesis. (495 aa) | ||||
NPR3 | Regulatory protein NPR3; May act as a substrate-specific adapter of an E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complex (CUL3-RBX1-BTB) which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of basal defense responses against pathogens. (586 aa) | ||||
ACD6 | Protein ACCELERATED CELL DEATH 6; Dose-dependent activator of the defense response against virulent pathogens, including bacteria, fungi and oomycetes, that acts in a positive feedback loop with the defense signal salicylic acid (SA). Regulates the salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathway leading to cell death and modulating cell fate (e.g. cell enlargement and/or cell division). In response to SA signaling, triggers the accumulation of FLS2 at the plasma membrane, thus priming defenses. Involved in SA-dependent freezing signaling and tolerance. (670 aa) | ||||
WRKY28 | WRKY transcription factor 28; Transcription factor. Interacts specifically with the W box (5'-(T)TGAC[CT]-3'), a frequently occurring elicitor-responsive cis- acting element (By similarity); Belongs to the WRKY group II-c family. (318 aa) | ||||
TGA7 | Transcription factor TGA7; Transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGACG-3'. Recognizes ocs elements like the as-1 motif of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. Binding to the as-1-like cis elements mediate auxin- and salicylic acid-inducible transcription. May be involved in the induction of the systemic acquired resistance (SAR) via its interaction with NPR1 (By similarity); Belongs to the bZIP family. (368 aa) | ||||
DTX47 | Protein DETOXIFICATION 47, chloroplastic; Functions as a multidrug and toxin extrusion transporter in the export of salicylic acid (SA) from the chloroplast to the cytoplasm. Plays an essential function in plant defense via the pathogen-induced salicylic acid (SA) accumulation. Acts also as a key component of the Age-related resistance (ARR) pathway. (543 aa) | ||||
UGT76B1 | UDP-glycosyltransferase 76B1; Glycosylates the amino acid-related molecules isoleucic acid (2-hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid) and valic acid (2-hydroxy-3- methylbutyric acid). Acts as a negative regulator of salicylic acid (SA)-dependent plant defense in the absence of pathogens and promotes the jasmonate (JA) response. Negatively influences the onset of senescence; Belongs to the UDP-glycosyltransferase family. (447 aa) | ||||
CUL3B | Cullin-3B; Component of the cullin-RING ubiquitin ligases (CRL), or CUL3-RBX1-BTB protein E3 ligase complexes which mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. The functional specificity of the CRL complex depends on the BTB domain-containing protein as the susbstrate recognition component. Involved in embryo pattern formation and endosperm development. Required for the normal division and organization of the root stem cells and columella root cap cells. Regulates primary root growth by an unknown pathway, but in an ethylene-dependent manner. F [...] (732 aa) | ||||
SARD1 | Protein SAR DEFICIENT 1; Transcription activator that binds DNA in a sequence-specific manner, 5'-GAAATTTTGG-3', to promote the expression of target genes. Recruited to the promoter of ICS1 and other defense-related genes (e.g. PR1 and SID2) in response to both biotic (e.g. Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola ES4326) and abiotic stresses (e.g. UV-B), thus triggering slow defense responses by stimulating salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis. Required for basal and systemic acquired resistance to P. syringae pv. maculicola and Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis. Belongs to the plant ACBP60 prote [...] (451 aa) | ||||
EPS1 | Protein ENHANCED PSEUDOMONAS SUSCEPTIBILITY 1; Required for pathogen-induced salicylic acid (SA) accumulation and SA-mediated resistance to virulent and avirulent pathogens (e.g. P.syringae). (434 aa) | ||||
PDF1.2C | Defensin-like protein 17; Confers broad-spectrum resistance to pathogens; Belongs to the DEFL family. (80 aa) | ||||
PDF1.2A | Defensin-like protein 16; Confers broad-spectrum resistance to pathogens. Has antifungal activity in vitro; Belongs to the DEFL family. (80 aa) | ||||
SARD4 | Protein SAR DEFICIENT 4; Involved in the biosynthesis of pipecolate (Pip), a metabolite that orchestrates defense amplification, positive regulation of salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis, and priming to guarantee effective local resistance induction and the establishment of systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Converts delta-(1)-piperideine-2-carboxylate (P2C) to Pip. Mediates reduction of P2C and biosynthesis of Pip in systemic tissue and contributes to SAR establishment. Does not possess ornithine cyclodeaminase activity in vitro. (325 aa) | ||||
nimin-1b | Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) regulator protein NIMIN-1-like protein. (140 aa) | ||||
NIMIN-3 | Protein NIM1-INTERACTING 3; Belongs to the NPR1-interactor family. (112 aa) | ||||
NIMIN-1 | Protein NIM1-INTERACTING 1; Belongs to the NPR1-interactor family. (142 aa) | ||||
FMO1 | Probable flavin-containing monooxygenase 1; Required for the establishment of systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Not involved in local defense mechanisms. Confers a salicylic acid-dependent (SA) resistance to virulent pathogens such as P.syringae pv tomato and H.parasitica. (530 aa) | ||||
ERF094 | Ethylene-responsive transcription factor ERF094; Probably acts as a transcriptional activator. Binds to the GCC-box pathogenesis-related promoter element. May be involved in the regulation of gene expression by stress factors and by components of stress signal transduction pathways. Acts as an essential integrator of the JA and ethylene signal transduction pathways. Activates the expression of the PDF1.2A gene; Belongs to the AP2/ERF transcription factor family. ERF subfamily. (244 aa) | ||||
NIMIN-2 | Protein NIM1-INTERACTING 2. (122 aa) | ||||
GH3.12 | 4-substituted benzoates-glutamate ligase GH3.12; Catalyzes the conjugation of specific amino acids (e.g. Glu and possibly His, Lys, and Met) to their preferred acyl substrates (e.g. 4-substituted benzoates), in a magnesium ion- and ATP-dependent manner. Can use 4-substituted benzoates such as 4-aminobenzoate (pABA), 4-fluorobenzoate and 4-hydroxybenzoate (4-HBA), and, to a lesser extent, benzoate, vanillate and trans-cinnamate, but not 2-substituted benzoates and salicylic acid (SA), as conjugating acyl substrates. Involved in both basal and induced resistance in a SA-dependent manner. [...] (575 aa) | ||||
ICS1 | Isochorismate synthase 1, chloroplastic; Involved in the synthesis of salicylic acid (SA) required for both local and systemic acquired resistance (LAR and SAR) while SA synthesized through the phenylalanine ammonium lyase (PAL) pathway seems to potentiate plant cell death. Also involved in phylloquinone (vitamin K1) synthesis. Has no isochorismate pyruvate lyase (IPL) activity. (569 aa) | ||||
GRXC9 | Glutaredoxin-C9; Has a glutathione-disulfide oxidoreductase activity in the presence of NADPH and glutathione reductase. Reduces low molecular weight disulfides and proteins (By similarity). (137 aa) | ||||
NPR2 | Regulatory protein NPR2; May act as a substrate-specific adapter of an E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complex (CUL3-RBX1-BTB) which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. (600 aa) | ||||
SCL14 | Scarecrow-like protein 14; Probable transcription factor involved in plant development. (769 aa) | ||||
PRB1 | Pathogenesis-related protein 1; Probably involved in the defense reaction of plants against pathogens. (161 aa) | ||||
ALD1 | Aminotransferase ALD1, chloroplastic; Aminotransferase involved in local and systemic acquired resistance (SAR) to the bacterial pathogen P.syringae. Required for salicylic acid (SA) and camalexin accumulation upon pathogen infection. Possesses aminotransferase activity in vitro and may generate amino- acid-derived defense signals in vivo. May be involved in ethylene- induced senescence signaling. Involved in the biosynthesis of pipecolate (Pip), a metabolite that orchestrates defense amplification, positive regulation of SA biosynthesis, and priming to guarantee effective local resist [...] (456 aa) | ||||
NPR5 | Regulatory protein NPR5; May act as a substrate-specific adapter of an E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complex (CUL3-RBX1-BTB) which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Acts redundantly with BOP2. BOP1/2 promote leaf and floral meristem fate and determinacy in a pathway targeting AP1 and AGL24. BOP1/2 act as transcriptional co-regulators through direct interaction with TGA factors, including PAN, a direct regulator of AP1. Controls lateral organ fate through positive regulation of adaxial-abaxial polarity genes ATHB-14/PHB [...] (491 aa) | ||||
CUL3A | Cullin-3A; Component of the cullin-RING ubiquitin ligases (CRL), or CUL3-RBX1-BTB protein E3 ligase complexes which mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. The functional specificity of the CRL complex depends on the BTB domain-containing protein as the susbstrate recognition component. Involved in embryo pattern formation and endosperm development. Required for the normal division and organization of the root stem cells and columella root cap cells. Regulates primary root growth by an unknown pathway, but in an ethylene-dependent manner. F [...] (732 aa) |