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K9I9.10 K9I9.10 MPE11.30 MPE11.30 DCD DCD F4JC04_ARATH F4JC04_ARATH F4JDF8_ARATH F4JDF8_ARATH DES1 DES1 CS26 CS26 SAHH1 SAHH1 SBP1 SBP1 APS3 APS3 APK2 APK2 MS1 MS1 STR1 STR1 CYP20-3 CYP20-3 ASP1 ASP1 OASA1 OASA1 OASB OASB CBL CBL CGS1 CGS1 APR1 APR1 APR3 APR3 APR2 APR2 MS3 MS3 STR2 STR2 SAT3 SAT3 CpNIFS3 CpNIFS3 K11J9.10 K11J9.10 SAT5 SAT5 SAT1 SAT1 APK1 APK1 OASC OASC APS2-2 APS2-2 F14J16.13 F14J16.13 APK4 APK4 HINT4 HINT4 SAL4 SAL4 HMT3 HMT3 SAT2 SAT2 SBP2 SBP2 F11B9.2 F11B9.2 CGS2 CGS2 GLY3 GLY3 T5M16.26 T5M16.26 APS1-2 APS1-2 OASA2 OASA2 SAHH2 SAHH2 SBP3 SBP3 MMT1 MMT1 METK4 METK4 SIR SIR F12E4.190 F12E4.190 C17L7.10 C17L7.10 LCD LCD HMT-2 HMT-2 T16K5.230 T16K5.230 APS4 APS4 SOX SOX HMT-1 HMT-1 MGL MGL MS2 MS2 APK3 APK3 CYSD2 CYSD2
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splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
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query proteins and first shell of interactors
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second shell of interactors
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proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
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from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
gene fusions
gene co-occurrence
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K9I9.10Arabinanase/levansucrase/invertase; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 43 family. (493 aa)
MPE11.30D-cysteine desulfhydrase 2, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the production of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from cysteine. Can accept both D-cysteine and L-cysteine as substrate. (427 aa)
DCDBifunctional D-cysteine desulfhydrase/1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the production of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from cysteine. Is mainly responsible for the degradation of cysteine to generate H2S, a regulator of stomatal movement and closure. Has high affinity for D-cysteine. (401 aa)
F4JC04_ARATHTransmembrane protein. (191 aa)
F4JDF8_ARATHUncharacterized protein. (171 aa)
DES1Bifunctional cystathionine gamma-lyase/cysteine synthase; Involved in maintaining Cys homeostasis through the desulfuration of L-cysteine. Modulates the generation of the signaling molecule sulfide in plant cytosol. Probably unable to interact with SAT and to form the decameric Cys synthase complex (CSC) and is therefore not an enzymatically true OASTL protein. (323 aa)
CS26S-sulfo-L-cysteine synthase (O-acetyl-L-serine-dependent), chloroplastic; S-sulfocysteine synthase that plays an important role in chloroplast function and is essential for light-dependent redox regulation and photosynthetic performance within the chloroplast. Probably unable to interact with SAT and to form the decameric Cys synthase complex (CSC) required for O-acetylserine (thiol)-lyase (OAS-TL) enzymatic activity. Lacks OAS-TL activity. (404 aa)
SAHH1Adenosylhomocysteinase 1; Adenosylhomocysteine is a competitive inhibitor of S- adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyl transferase reactions; therefore adenosylhomocysteinase may play a key role in the control of methylations via regulation of the intracellular concentration of adenosylhomocysteine. Required for DNA methylation-dependent gene silencing. (485 aa)
SBP1Selenium-binding protein 1; Binds cadmium and mediates lower sensitivity to stress requiring glutathione (GSH) for tolerance (e.g. cadmium, selenate, and hydrogen peroxide excess). Probably helps to detoxify cadmium potentially through direct binding. (490 aa)
APS3ATP-sulfurylase 3, chloroplastic. (465 aa)
APK2Adenylyl-sulfate kinase 2, chloroplastic; Catalyzes the synthesis of activated sulfate. Essential for plant reproduction and viability. Required for the production of glucosinolates. Belongs to the APS kinase family. (293 aa)
MS15-methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate--homocysteine methyltransferase 1; Catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from 5- methyltetrahydrofolate to homocysteine resulting in methionine formation. (765 aa)
STR1Thiosulfate/3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase 1, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the transfer of a sulfur ion from a donor to cyanide or to other thiol compounds. Substrate preference is 3- mercaptopyruvate > thiosulfate. Involved in embryo and seed development. (379 aa)
CYP20-3Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase CYP20-3, chloroplastic; PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides. Required for the light-induced increase of thiol accumulation. Assists the folding or assembly of SAT1 enzyme to form the cysteine synthase complex. Links light and redox signals to the regulation of cysteine biosynthesis in response to stress. (260 aa)
ASP1Aspartate aminotransferase, mitochondrial; Amino acid aminotransferase important for the metabolism of amino acids and Krebs-cycle related organic acids. No activity with D- Asp or D-Ala as amino donors. In plants, it is involved in nitrogen metabolism and in aspects of carbon and energy metabolism. (430 aa)
OASA1Cysteine synthase 1; Acts as a major cysteine synthase, probably involved in maintaining organic sulfur level; Belongs to the cysteine synthase/cystathionine beta- synthase family. (322 aa)
OASBCysteine synthase, chloroplastic/chromoplastic; Acts as a major cysteine synthase. Belongs to the cysteine synthase/cystathionine beta- synthase family. (392 aa)
CBLCystathionine beta-lyase, chloroplastic; Belongs to the trans-sulfuration enzymes family. (464 aa)
CGS1Cystathionine gamma-synthase 1, chloroplastic; Catalyzes the first committed step of methionine (Met) biosynthesis. Catalyzes the formation of L-cystathionine from homoserine esters and L-cysteine, via a gamma-replacement reaction. Substrate preference for cystathionine synthesis is O-phospho-L- homoserine (OPH) > O(4)-succinyl-L-homoserine (OSH) >> O-acetyl-L- homoserine (OAH). Is able, at extremely low rate, to catalyze a gamma- elimination of OPH in the absence of cysteine to produce inorganic phosphate (Pi), 2-oxobutanoate and ammonia. (563 aa)
APR15'-adenylylsulfate reductase 1, chloroplastic; Reduces sulfate for Cys biosynthesis. Substrate preference is adenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (APS) >> 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'- phosphosulfate (PAPS). Uses glutathione or DTT as source of protons. (465 aa)
APR35'-adenylylsulfate reductase 3, chloroplastic; Reduces sulfate for Cys biosynthesis. Substrate preference is adenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (APS) >> 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'- phosphosulfate (PAPS). Uses glutathione or DTT as source of protons. (458 aa)
APR25'-adenylylsulfate reductase 2, chloroplastic; Reduces sulfate for Cys biosynthesis. Substrate preference is adenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (APS) >> 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'- phosphosulfate (PAPS). Uses glutathione or DTT as source of protons. (454 aa)
MS35-methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate--homocysteine methyltransferase 3, chloroplastic; Catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from 5- methyltetrahydrofolate to homocysteine resulting in methionine formation. (812 aa)
STR2Thiosulfate/3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase 2; Catalyzes the transfer of a sulfur ion from a donor to cyanide or to other thiol compounds. Substrate preference is 3- mercaptopyruvate > thiosulfate. Involved in embryo and seed development. (342 aa)
SAT3Serine acetyltransferase 3, mitochondrial; Belongs to the transferase hexapeptide repeat family. (391 aa)
CpNIFS3Probable L-cysteine desulfhydrase, chloroplastic; May catalyze the production of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from cysteine. (475 aa)
K11J9.10Uncharacterized Rho GTPase-activating protein At5g61530. (376 aa)
SAT5Serine acetyltransferase 5; Belongs to the transferase hexapeptide repeat family. (312 aa)
SAT1Serine acetyltransferase 1, chloroplastic; May be involved in detoxification process by mediating the production of glutathione. (314 aa)
APK1Adenylyl-sulfate kinase 1, chloroplastic; Catalyzes the synthesis of activated sulfate. Essential for plant reproduction and viability. Required for the production of glucosinolates. (276 aa)
OASCCysteine synthase, mitochondrial; Acts as a cysteine synthase. Plays a role in the sulfide detoxification in mitochondria. (430 aa)
APS2-2ATP sulfurylase 2; Belongs to the sulfate adenylyltransferase family. (476 aa)
F14J16.13Pyridoxal-5'-phosphate-dependent enzyme family protein. (421 aa)
APK4Adenylyl-sulfate kinase 4, chloroplastic; Catalyzes the synthesis of activated sulfate. Essential for plant reproduction and viability; Belongs to the APS kinase family. (310 aa)
HINT4Bifunctional adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate phosphorylase/adenylylsulfatase HINT4; Possesses adenylylsulfatase activity in vitro, releasing AMP and sulfate from adenylyl sulfate. Possesses also adenosine 5'- phosphosulfate (APS) phosphorylase activity in vitro. Catalyzes the phosphorolysis of APS, leading to ADP and sulfate. (146 aa)
SAL4Probable SAL4 phosphatase; Converts adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS) to adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (APS) and 3'(2')-phosphoadenosine 5'- phosphate (PAP) to AMP. Is also able to hydrolyze inositol 1,4- bisphosphate. (345 aa)
HMT3Homocysteine S-methyltransferase 3; Catalyzes methyl transfer from S-methylmethionine (SMM) to adenosyl-L-homocysteine (AdoMet). SMM degradation (by HMT-1, HMT-2 and HMT-3) and biosynthesis (by MMT1) constitute the SMM cycle in plants, which is probably required to achieve short term control of AdoMet level. (347 aa)
SAT2Serine acetyltransferase 2. (323 aa)
SBP2Selenium-binding protein 2; Required for the fusion of female gametophyte polar nuclei. Belongs to the selenium-binding protein family. (487 aa)
F11B9.2Transmembrane protein. (213 aa)
CGS2Probable cystathionine gamma-synthase 2; Catalyzes the first committed step of methionine (Met) biosynthesis. Catalyzes the formation of L-cystathionine from homoserine esters and L-cysteine, via a gamma-replacement reaction. Belongs to the trans-sulfuration enzymes family. (412 aa)
GLY3Persulfide dioxygenase ETHE1 homolog, mitochondrial; Sulfur dioxygenase that plays an essential role in hydrogen sulfide catabolism in the mitochondrial matrix. Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) gives rise to cysteine persulfide residues. ETHE1 consumes molecular oxygen to catalyze the oxidation of the persulfide, once it has been transferred to a thiophilic acceptor, such as glutathione (R- SSH). Plays an important role in metabolic homeostasis in mitochondria by metabolizing hydrogen sulfide and preventing the accumulation of supraphysiological H(2)S levels that have toxic effects, due to the [...] (294 aa)
T5M16.26Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent transferases superfamily protein. (440 aa)
APS1-2ATP sulfurylase 1, chloroplastic; Mediates selenate (Se) reduction, and promotes Se and sulfur (S) uptake and assimilation; Belongs to the sulfate adenylyltransferase family. (463 aa)
OASA2Putative inactive cysteine synthase 2; Belongs to the cysteine synthase/cystathionine beta- synthase family. (188 aa)
SAHH2Adenosylhomocysteinase 2; Adenosylhomocysteine is a competitive inhibitor of S- adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyl transferase reactions; therefore adenosylhomocysteinase may play a key role in the control of methylations via regulation of the intracellular concentration of adenosylhomocysteine. (485 aa)
SBP3Selenium-binding protein 3; Belongs to the selenium-binding protein family. (480 aa)
MMT1Methionine S-methyltransferase; Catalyzes the S-methylmethionine (SMM) biosynthesis from adenosyl-L-homocysteine (AdoMet) and methionine. SMM biosynthesis (by MMT1) and degradation (by HMT-1, HMT-2 and HMT-3) constitute the SMM cycle in plants, which is probably required to achieve short term control of AdoMet level. Also able to catalyze the selenium- methylmethionine (SeMM) from AdoMet and selenium-methionine (SeMet). May play a role in phoem sulfur transport; such function is however not essential. (1071 aa)
METK4S-adenosylmethionine synthase 4; Catalyzes the formation of S-adenosylmethionine from methionine and ATP. The reaction comprises two steps that are both catalyzed by the same enzyme: formation of S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) and triphosphate, and subsequent hydrolysis of the triphosphate. (393 aa)
SIRAssimilatory sulfite reductase (ferredoxin), chloroplastic; Essential protein with sulfite reductase activity required in assimilatory sulfate reduction pathway during both primary and secondary metabolism and thus involved in development and growth. Belongs to the nitrite and sulfite reductase 4Fe-4S domain family. (642 aa)
F12E4.190Phosphoadenosine phosphosulfate (PAPS) reductase family protein. (497 aa)
C17L7.10Putative PAP-specific phosphatase, mitochondrial; Converts adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS) to adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (APS) and 3'(2')-phosphoadenosine 5'- phosphate (PAP) to AMP; Belongs to the inositol monophosphatase superfamily. (397 aa)
LCDL-cysteine desulfhydrase; Catalyzes the production of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from cysteine. Is mainly responsible for the degradation of cysteine to generate H2S, a regulator of stomatal movement and closure. Belongs to the class-V pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. (454 aa)
HMT-2Homocysteine S-methyltransferase 2; Catalyzes methyl transfer from S-methylmethionine (SMM) to adenosyl-L-homocysteine (AdoMet). SMM degradation (by HMT-1, HMT-2 and HMT-3) and biosynthesis (by MMT1) constitute the SMM cycle in plants, which is probably required to achieve short term control of AdoMet level. (333 aa)
T16K5.230Glycosyl hydrolase family protein 43; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 43 family. (466 aa)
APS4ATP sulfurylase 4, chloroplastic. (469 aa)
SOXSulfite oxidase; Probably involved in sulfite oxidative detoxification. (393 aa)
HMT-1Homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1; Catalyzes methyl transfer from S-methylmethionine (SMM) to adenosyl-L-homocysteine (AdoMet). SMM degradation (by HMT-1, HMT-2 and HMT-3) and biosynthesis (by MMT1) constitute the SMM cycle in plants, which is probably required to achieve short term control of AdoMet level. (326 aa)
MGLMethionine gamma-lyase; Catalyzes the degradation of L-methionine to alpha- ketobutyrate, methanethiol and ammonia. Exhibits a high activity toward L-methionine, L-ethionine, L-homocysteine and seleno-L-methionine, but not L-cysteine. Involved in an alternative cysteine biosynthesis pathway to the reverse trans-sulfuration pathway (methionine->homocysteine->cystathionine->cysteine) in which methanethiol is an intermediate. Mediates also an alternative isoleucine biosynthesis pathway in which 2-ketobutyrate is an intermediate. (441 aa)
MS25-methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate--homocysteine methyltransferase 2; Catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from 5- methyltetrahydrofolate to homocysteine resulting in methionine formation. (765 aa)
APK3Adenylyl-sulfate kinase 3; Catalyzes the synthesis of activated sulfate. Essential for plant reproduction and viability. (208 aa)
CYSD2Bifunctional L-3-cyanoalanine synthase/cysteine synthase D2; Acts as a cysteine synthase. The cysteine synthesis reaction is more efficient than the cyanoalanine synthase activity. (323 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Arabidopsis thaliana
NCBI taxonomy Id: 3702
Other names: A. thaliana, Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh., mouse-ear cress, thale cress, thale-cress
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