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| | CBP60A | Calmodulin-binding protein 60 A; Transcription activator that binds DNA in a sequence-specific manner, likely 5'-GAAATTTTGG-3', to promote the expression of target genes. (494 aa) |
| | IAN9 | Immune-associated nucleotide-binding protein 9. (342 aa) |
| | T23K23.20 | RNA-binding (RRM/RBD/RNP motifs) family protein. (279 aa) |
| | UMAMIT36 | WAT1-related protein At1g70260. (375 aa) |
| | LYK3 | LysM domain receptor-like kinase 3; Putative Lysin motif (LysM) receptor kinase that may recognize microbe-derived N-acetylglucosamine (NAG)-containing ligands. Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. (651 aa) |
| | SRFR1 | Suppressor of RPS4-RLD 1; Negative regulator of effector-triggered immunity associated with the EDS1 resistance pathway. May localize its interactors to a microsomal membrane. May therefore negatively regulate RPS4 and SNC1 translocation to the nucleus. Contributes to the regulation of RPS2 and RPS4 protein levels and negatively regulates SNC1 stability. (1052 aa) |
| | COI1 | Coronatine-insensitive protein 1; Required for jasmonate-regulated plant fertility and defense processes, and for coronatine and/or other elicitors perceptions/responses. Seems to not be required for meiosis. Required for the regulation of some genes induced by wounding, but not for all. Component of SCF(COI1) E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, which may mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (probably including the ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small chain 1B RBCS-1B and the histone deacetylase HDA6). These SCF complexes play crucial roles [...] (592 aa) |
| | EIF(ISO)4E | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor isoform 4E; Recognizes and binds the 7-methylguanosine-containing mRNA cap during an early step in the initiation of protein synthesis and facilitates ribosome binding by inducing the unwinding of the mRNAs secondary structures. Mediates susceptibility to Turnipmosaic potyvirus (TuMV) and Tobacco etch potyvirus (TEV). (198 aa) |
| | ANS | Probable 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase ANS; Involved in anthocyanin and protoanthocyanidin biosynthesis by catalyzing the oxidation of leucoanthocyanidins into anthocyanidins. (353 aa) |
| | PTP1 | Protein-tyrosine-phosphatase PTP1; Protein-tyrosine-phosphatase that dephosphorylates and probably inhibits MPK6 in non-oxidative stress conditions. In association with MKP1, represses salicylic acid (SA) and camalexin biosynthesis, thus modulating defense response. May also repress MPK3. Dephosphorylates and inactivates MPK4 in vitro. (340 aa) |
| | CDC48A | Cell division control protein 48 homolog A; Probably functions in cell division and growth processes. Interacts with certain SNAREs as part of specialized membrane fusion events where vesicles from the same organelle fuse (homotypic fusion) (By similarity). (809 aa) |
| | CLC-D | Chloride channel protein CLC-d; Voltage-gated chloride channel; Belongs to the chloride channel (TC 2.A.49) family. (792 aa) |
| | NPR1 | Regulatory protein NPR1; May act as a substrate-specific adapter of an E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complex (CUL3-RBX1-BTB) which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Key positive regulator of the SA-dependent signaling pathway that negatively regulates JA-dependent signaling pathway. Mediates the binding of TGA factors to the as-1 motif found in the pathogenesis-related PR-1 gene, leading to the transcriptional regulation of the gene defense. Controls the onset of systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Upon SAR induction, [...] (593 aa) |
| | FZL | Probable transmembrane GTPase FZO-like, chloroplastic; Probable membrane-remodeling GTPase that plays a unique role in the in the determination of thylakoid and chloroplast morphology and regulates organization of the thylakoid network. Not involved in the determination of mitochondrial morphology or ultrastructure. Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. Dynamin/Fzo/YdjA family. Mitofusin subfamily. (912 aa) |
| | VQ4 | VQ motif-containing protein 4; Acts as negative regulator of WRKY33 transcription factor activity in the promotion of defense gene expression. Acts as a negative regulator of pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)- induced responses to modulate resistance to pathogens. (247 aa) |
| | SIZ1 | E3 SUMO-protein ligase SIZ1; E3 SUMO protein ligase involved in regulation processes. Mediates SUMO/ attachment to PHR1, a MYB transcriptional activator controlling the phosphate deficiency responses. Functions as an upstream negative regulator of salicylic acid (SA) accumulation and subsequent SA-mediated systemic acquired resistance (SAR) signaling. Probably not involved in jasmonic acid (JA)-mediated defense response. Participates in abiotic stress-induced sumoylation. Controls heat shock-induced SUMO1 and SUMO2 conjugation and facilitates basal thermotolerance. Involved in freezing [...] (884 aa) |
| | K15N18.17 | Putative NTF2-containing RNA-binding protein. (458 aa) |
| | AHL20 | AT-hook motif nuclear-localized protein 20; Transcription factor that specifically binds AT-rich DNA sequences related to the nuclear matrix attachment regions (MARs) (By similarity). Negatively regulates plant innate immunity (PTI) to pathogens through the down-regulation of the PAMP-triggered NHO1 and FRK1 expression. (281 aa) |
| | BHLH63 | Transcription factor bHLH63; Transcription factor that binds DNA to G box 5'-CACGTG-3' and, to a lower extent, to E-box 5'-CANNTG-3' in vitro. Binds to chromatin DNA of the FT gene and promotes its expression, and thus triggers flowering in response to blue light. (335 aa) |
| | RIN4 | RPM1-interacting protein 4; Essential regulator of plant defense, which plays a central role in resistance in case of infection by a pathogen. It is a common target for both type III avirulence proteins from P.syringae (AvrB, AvrRpm1 and AvrRpt2) and for the plant Resistance (R) proteins RPM1 and RPS2. In strains carrying the appropriate R gene for avirulence proteins of the pathogen, its association with avirulence proteins triggers a defense system including the hypersensitive response, which limits the spread of disease. In contrast, in plants lacking appropriate R genes, its associ [...] (211 aa) |
| | Dl4895c | RNA-binding (RRM/RBD/RNP motifs) family protein. (313 aa) |
| | T10F18.130 | Ascorbate oxidase-like protein; Belongs to the multicopper oxidase family. (573 aa) |
| | B'GAMMA | Serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A 59 kDa regulatory subunit B' gamma isoform; The B regulatory subunit may modulate substrate selectivity and catalytic activity, and also may direct the localization of the catalytic enzyme to a particular subcellular compartment (By similarity). Required for the formation of the PP2A holoenzyme that negatively regulates brassinosteroid signaling by dephosphorylating and inactivating BRI1 in the cytoplasm. Seems to be functionally connected with CPR5 and may mediate the negative regulation of defense reactions and senescence under low irradiances. [...] (522 aa) |
| | SCD1 | DENN domain and WD repeat-containing protein SCD1; Involved in growth and development through its role in cytokinesis and polarized cell expansion. Required for plasma membrane internalization. May function in clathrin-mediated membrane trafficking, including plasma membrane endocytosis, essential to both cytokinesis and cell expansion. Acts as a negative regulator of basal resistance against bacteria. (1187 aa) |
| | MIEL1 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase MIEL1; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that acts as a regulator of cell death and defense. E3 ubiquitin ligases accept ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates. Attenuates the activation of defense and related cell death responses in the absence of pathogens by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of MYB30. (267 aa) |
| | BEE2 | Transcription factor BEE 2; Positive regulator of brassinosteroid signaling. (304 aa) |
| | PAM16L2 | Mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase subunit PAM16 like 2; Regulates ATP-dependent protein translocation into the mitochondrial matrix (By similarity). Involved in the uptake of thaxtomin, a phytotoxin produced by Streptomyces bacteria, that causes dramatic cell swelling, reduced seedling growth, and inhibition of cellulose synthesis. Modulates polar auxin transport. Involved in importing a negative regulator of plant immunity into mitochondria, thus protecting plants from over-accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and preventing autoimmunity. Confers sensitivity to [...] (116 aa) |
| | PAM16L1 | Mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase subunit PAM16 like 1; Regulates ATP-dependent protein translocation into the mitochondrial matrix; Belongs to the TIM16/PAM16 family. (113 aa) |
| | CML46 | Probable calcium-binding protein CML46; Potential calcium sensor. (204 aa) |
| | BAP1 | BON1-associated protein 1; Negative regulator of cell death and defense responses. Exhibits calcium-dependent phospholipid binding properties. (192 aa) |
| | DTX47 | Protein DETOXIFICATION 47, chloroplastic; Functions as a multidrug and toxin extrusion transporter in the export of salicylic acid (SA) from the chloroplast to the cytoplasm. Plays an essential function in plant defense via the pathogen-induced salicylic acid (SA) accumulation. Acts also as a key component of the Age-related resistance (ARR) pathway. (543 aa) |
| | SRT2 | NAD-dependent protein deacylase SRT2; NAD-dependent protein deacylase. Catalyzes the NAD-dependent hydrolysis of acyl groups from lysine residues (By similarity). Negatively regulates plant basal defense against plant pathogens, possibly by suppressing salicylic acid biosynthesis. Belongs to the sirtuin family. Class II subfamily. (373 aa) |
| | GILP | GSH-induced LITAF domain protein; Acts as a membrane anchor, bringing other regulators of programmed cell death (PCD) to the plasma membrane. Negatively regulates hypersensitive cell death; Belongs to the CDIP1/LITAF family. (134 aa) |
| | LECRK55 | L-type lectin-domain containing receptor kinase V.5; Confers resistance to the pathogenic oomycetes Phytophthora infestans and Phytophthora capsici, but confers susceptibility to the pathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas syringae. In the N-terminal section; belongs to the leguminous lectin family. (661 aa) |
| | LIF2 | Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein Q; Transcriptional activator that binds DNA on GAGA-like motif and 5'-(C/G)ACGTG(G/T)C(A/G)-3' consensus motif in the promoters of target genes. Component of ribonucleosomes, which are complexes of at least 20 other different heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNP). hnRNP play an important role in processing of precursor mRNA in the nucleus (By similarity). Required during flower development and for cell fate determination. Acts both as an antagonist and as a promoter of polycomb LHP1 gene regulation activity, depending of target genes, [...] (495 aa) |
| | BIR1 | Probably inactive leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein kinase At5g48380. (620 aa) |
| | TTM2 | Inorganic pyrophosphatase TTM2; Exhibits pyrophosphatase activity with stronger affinity for pyrophosphate (PPi), moderate affinity for ATP and ADP, and weak affinity for tripolyphosphate (PPPi). No activity observed toward uridine substrate. Negative regulator of the salicylic acid (SA)- mediated amplification of defense responses against both virulent and avirulent pathogens, including oomycetes (e.g. H.arabidopsidis) and bacteria (e.g. P.syringae). Represses systemic acquired resistance (SAR). (674 aa) |
| | F23H24.15 | Heavy metal transport/detoxification superfamily protein. (171 aa) |
| | IOS1 | LRR receptor-like serine/threonine-protein kinase IOS1; Regulates negatively the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway. Required for full susceptibility to filamentous (hemi)biotrophic oomycetes (e.g. H.arabidopsidis and P.parasitica) and fungal (e.g. E.cruciferarum) pathogens, probably by triggering the repression of ABA-sensitive COLD REGULATED and RESISTANCE TO DESICCATION genes during infection, but independently of immune responses. Involved in BAK1- dependent and BAK1-independent microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs)-triggered immunity (PTI) leading to defense responses, [...] (894 aa) |
| | RFC5 | Replication factor C subunit 5; Functions in cell replication and proliferation. May be involved in chromatin assembly and remodeling. Plays a role in the negative control of pathogenesis-related gene expression and systemic acquired resistance (SAR). (369 aa) |
| | MOP10.14 | Probable 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase At5g05600; Involved in anthocyanin and protoanthocyanidin biosynthesis by catalyzing the oxidation of leucoanthocyanidins into anthocyanidins (By similarity). May be involved in the catabolism of cytotoxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Belongs to the iron/ascorbate-dependent oxidoreductase family. (371 aa) |
| | CPK28 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase 28; May play a role in signal transduction pathways that involve calcium as a second messenger (Probable). Acts as developmentally controlled regulator for coordinated stem elongation and vascular development. Acts as key component which contributes to the developmental switch that establishes the transition from vegetative to reproductive growth. Involved in pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity (PTI) signaling. Interacts with and phosphorylates the kinase BIK1, a central rate-limiting kinase in PTI signaling. Facilitates BIK1 [...] (523 aa) |
| | TOR | Serine/threonine-protein kinase TOR; Essential cell growth regulator that controls development from early embryo to seed production. Controls plant growth in environmental stress conditions. Acts through the phosphorylation of downstream effectors that are recruited by the binding partner RAPTOR. Acts by activating transcription, protein synthesis and ribosome biogenesis, and inhibiting mRNA degradation and autophagy. Can phosphorylate TAP46, a regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A that modulates cell growth and survival. Involved in modulating the transition from heterotrophic [...] (2481 aa) |
| | BPA1 | Binding partner of ACD11 1. (259 aa) |
| | PP2C38 | Probable protein phosphatase 2C 38; Involved in pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)- triggered immunity (PTI) signaling. Negatively regulates immune responses by controlling the phosphorylation and activation status of BIK1, a central rate-limiting kinase in PTI signaling. Impairs the phosphorylation of the NADPH oxidase RBOHD by BIK1. (385 aa) |
| | UGT71C3 | UDP-glycosyltransferase 71C3; Possesses low quercetin 3-O-glucosyltransferase activity in vitro. (476 aa) |
| | PAPS1 | Nuclear poly(A) polymerase 1; Essential protein. Polymerase that creates the 3'-poly(A) tail of mRNA's. Also required for the endoribonucleolytic cleavage reaction at some polyadenylation sites. May acquire specificity through interaction with a cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF) at its C-terminus (By similarity). (713 aa) |
| | CRSP | CO(2)-response secreted protease; Mediates CO(2)-controlled stomatal development by cleaving peptide EPF2 (AC Q8LC53). Not active on peptides EPF1 (AC Q8S8I4) or stomagen (AC Q9SV72). (769 aa) |
| | BIR2 | Inactive LRR receptor-like serine/threonine-protein kinase BIR2; Pseudokinases lacking protein kinase activity and unable to bind ATP-analogs. Negative regulator of pathogen- associated molecular patterns- (PAMP-) triggered immunity by limiting BAK1-receptor complex formation in the absence of ligands. (605 aa) |
| | LOX5 | Linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 5; 9S-lipoxygenase that can use linoleic acid or linolenic acid as substrates. Plant lipoxygenases may be involved in a number of diverse aspects of plant physiology including growth and development, pest resistance, and senescence or responses to wounding. Catalyzes the hydroperoxidation of lipids containing a cis,cis-1,4-pentadiene structure. Function as regulators of root development by controlling the emergence of lateral roots. (886 aa) |
| | B'ZETA | Serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A 59 kDa regulatory subunit B' zeta isoform; The B regulatory subunit may modulate substrate selectivity and catalytic activity, and also may direct the localization of the catalytic enzyme to a particular subcellular compartment (By similarity). The holoenzyme composed of PP2AA1, PP2A4 and B'ZETA acts as negative regulator of plant innate immunity by controlling BAK1 phosphorylation state and activation in surface-localized immune receptor complexes. Required for the formation of the PP2A holoenzyme that negatively regulates brassinosteroid signal [...] (546 aa) |
| | JRG21 | Probable 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase JRG21; Involved in anthocyanin and protoanthocyanidin biosynthesis by catalyzing the oxidation of leucoanthocyanidins into anthocyanidins. (363 aa) |
| | AHL15 | AT-hook motif nuclear-localized protein 15; Transcription factor that specifically binds AT-rich DNA sequences related to the nuclear matrix attachment regions (MARs) (By similarity). Binds the DNA sequence GNFEI (GA-negative feedback element I) in the GA3OX1 promoter. Negatively regulates plant innate immunity (PTI) to pathogens through the down-regulation of the PAMP-triggered FRK1 expression. (310 aa) |
| | DSPTP1B | Dual specificity protein phosphatase 1B; Has a dual specificity toward Ser/Thr and Tyr-containing proteins. Prevents biotic and abiotic stress responses, including ozone, oxidative stress and pathogen attacks; represses MAPK activities during hypersensitive response to limit the spread of the HR response after infection by necrotrophic pathogen such as Botrytis cinerea. May be also involved in ABA and salt responses. Dephosphorylates MPK3 and MPK6. (167 aa) |
| | PAD4 | Lipase-like PAD4; Probable lipase required downstream of MPK4 for accumulation of the plant defense-potentiating molecule, salicylic acid, thus contributing to the plant innate immunity against invasive biotrophic pathogens and to defense mechanisms upon recognition of microbe- associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Participates in the regulation of various molecular and physiological processes that influence fitness. Together with SG101, required for programmed cell death (PCD) triggered by NBS-LRR resistance proteins (e.g. RPS4, RPW8.1 and RPW8.2) in response to the fungal toxin fumo [...] (541 aa) |
| | AHL27 | AT-hook motif nuclear-localized protein 27; Transcription factor that specifically binds AT-rich DNA sequences related to the nuclear matrix attachment regions (MARs). Negatively regulates plant innate immunity (PTI) to pathogens through the down-regulation of the PAMP- triggered FRK1 expression. Acts redundantly with AHL18, AHL22 and AHL29 in the regulation of flowering and regulation of the hypocotyl elongation. Acts as a chromatin remodeling factor that negatively regulates the leaf senescence. Acts redundantly with AHL29/SOB3 to modulate hypocotyl growth inhibition in response to light. (311 aa) |
| | ICS1 | Isochorismate synthase 1, chloroplastic; Involved in the synthesis of salicylic acid (SA) required for both local and systemic acquired resistance (LAR and SAR) while SA synthesized through the phenylalanine ammonium lyase (PAL) pathway seems to potentiate plant cell death. Also involved in phylloquinone (vitamin K1) synthesis. Has no isochorismate pyruvate lyase (IPL) activity. (569 aa) |
| | EIN2 | Ethylene-insensitive protein 2; Central factor in signaling pathways regulated by ethylene (ET), and involved in various processes including development, plant defense, senescence, nucleotide sugar flux, and tropisms. Necessary for ethylene-mediated gene regulation, and for the induction of some genes by ozone. Acts downstream of ET receptors, and upstream of ethylene regulated transcription factors. Required for cytokinin-mediated processes. Seems to be implicated in cross-talk between ET, jasmonate and other pathways. Probably not involved in iron uptake. Has a short half-life and un [...] (1294 aa) |
| | YchF1 | Obg-like ATPase 1; Hydrolyzes ATP, and can also hydrolyze GTP with lower efficiency. Has lower affinity for GTP (Potential). Exhibits GTPase activity (By similarity). Confers sensitivity to salinity stress by suppressing the anti-oxidation enzymatic activities and increasing lipid peroxidation thus leading to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Acts as negative regulator of disease resistance against bacterial pathogen. (394 aa) |
| | PI4KG2 | Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase gamma 2; The phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol (PI) to PI4P is the first committed step in the generation of phosphatidylinositol 4,5- bisphosphate (PIP2), a precursor of the second messenger inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3); Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family. Type II PI4K subfamily. (550 aa) |
| | RIN13 | RPM1 interacting protein 13. (430 aa) |
| | AHL19 | AT-hook motif nuclear-localized protein 19; Transcription factor that specifically binds AT-rich DNA sequences related to the nuclear matrix attachment regions (MARs) (By similarity). Negatively regulates plant innate immunity (PTI) to pathogens through the down-regulation of the PAMP-triggered FRK1 expression. Positively regulates defense against fungal Verticillium infection. (315 aa) |
| | BGLU23 | Beta-glucosidase 23; Beta-D-glucosidase active on scopolin > esculin >> 4-MU- glucoside >> DIMBOA-glucoside. No activity with pNP-glucoside, oNP- glucoside and sinigrin as substrates. May possess beta-D-fucosidase activity. Required for the beneficial interaction with the endophytic fungus P.indica. May participate in the control of root colonization by P.indica by repressing defense responses and modulating other responses required for a mutualistic interaction. (524 aa) |
| | F11B9.11 | Probable 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase At3g111800; Involved in anthocyanin and protoanthocyanidin biosynthesis by catalyzing the oxidation of leucoanthocyanidins into anthocyanidins. Belongs to the iron/ascorbate-dependent oxidoreductase family. (400 aa) |
| | CPR1 | F-box protein CPR1; Component of SCF(ASK-cullin-F-box) E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, which may mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Regulates negatively both salicylic acid (SA)-dependent and SA-independent defense signaling. (413 aa) |
| | SNI1 | Negative regulator of systemic acquired resistance SNI1; Component of the SMC5-SMC6 complex, a complex involved in repair of DNA double-strand breaks by homologous recombination. Transcription repressor that prevents expression of pathogenesis-related genes (PR) via histone modifications and binding negative cis-acting elements at their promoters. Negative regulator of hypersensitive response (HR) and systemic acquired resistance (SAR) required to dampen the basal expression of pathogenesis related (PR) genes. Functions synergistically with NTL9/CBNAC as negative regulator of pathogen- [...] (432 aa) |
| | MLO2 | MLO-like protein 2; May be involved in modulation of pathogen defense and leaf cell death. Activity seems to be regulated by Ca(2+)-dependent calmodulin binding and seems not to require heterotrimeric G proteins (By similarity); Belongs to the MLO family. (573 aa) |
| | DTX51 | Protein DETOXIFICATION 51; Functions as a multidrug and toxin extrusion transporter that negatively regulates plant disease resistance. Plays an important role in maintaining normal plant architecture, possibly by regulating local auxin biosynthesis. May act as a negative regulator of hypocotyl cell elongation in the light. (532 aa) |
| | WRKY4 | Probable WRKY transcription factor 4; Transcription factor that binds specifically to the W box (5'-(T)TGAC[CT]-3'), a frequently occurring elicitor-responsive cis- acting element. Has a positive role in resistance to necrotrophic pathogens (e.g. Botrytis cinerea), but a negative effect on plant resistance to biotrophic pathogens (e.g. Pseudomonas syringae). (514 aa) |
| | ABCG36 | ABC transporter G family member 36; Key factor that controls the extent of cell death in the defense response. Necessary for both callose deposition and glucosinolate activation in response to pathogens. Required for limiting invasion by nonadapted powdery mildews. Confers resistance to cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), probably as an efflux pump of Cd2+ or Cd conjugates, and possibly, of chemicals that mediate pathogen resistance. (1469 aa) |
| | SYP121 | Syntaxin-121; Vesicle trafficking protein that functions in the secretory pathway; Belongs to the syntaxin family. (346 aa) |
