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| | AtWAPL2 | WAPL (Wings apart-like protein regulation of heterochromatin) protein. (840 aa) |
| | SMC2-1 | Structural maintenance of chromosomes protein 2-1; Central component of the condensin complex, a complex required for conversion of interphase chromatin into mitotic-like condense chromosomes. The condensin complex probably introduces positive supercoils into relaxed DNA in the presence of type I topoisomerases and converts nicked DNA into positive knotted forms in the presence of type II topoisomerases. Also involved in chromosome segregation in meiosis. (1175 aa) |
| | YLMG2 | YlmG homolog protein 2, chloroplastic; Not required for the biogenesis and accumulation of native cytochrome b6 in the thylakoid membrane. Not functionally involved in the pathway for covalent binding of the c-type heme to cytochrome b6. Belongs to the YggT family. (251 aa) |
| | RFC1 | Replication factor C subunit 1; Plays a role as mediator of transcriptional gene silencing (TGS), DNA replication, DNA repair, hypersensitive response (HR) and telomere length regulation. Is required in meiosis for DNA double- strand break (DSB) repair during meiotic homologous recombination. May participate in the RAD51-mediated recombination intermediate repair process. Is important for lagging strand synthesis. Promotes meiotic recombination via a specific pathway for crossovers (COs) that involves the formation of double Holliday Junction (dHJ) intermediates. (956 aa) |
| | MINE1 | Cell division topological specificity factor homolog, chloroplastic; Acts as a topological specificity factor during plastid division and specify plastid constriction sites. May contribute to gravitropism in stems and hypocotyls. Stimulates MIND1 ATPase activity. In cooperation with MIND1, prevents FtsZ ring formation anywhere outside of the mid-plastids. Belongs to the MinE family. (229 aa) |
| | MOR1 | Protein MOR1; Microtubule-binding protein that is essential for cortical microtubules organization and function. Essential for maintaining the interphase cortical array and for correct morphogenesis. Promotes rapid growth and shrinkage of microtubules and suppresses the pausing of interphase microtubules. Regulates the structure and function of microtubule arrays during mitosis and cytokinesis. Probably not required for cellulose microfibrils alignment in roots. (1978 aa) |
| | PANS2 | Protein PATRONUS 2; Not required for protection of centromeric cohesion. (194 aa) |
| | FIS1B | Mitochondrial fission 1 protein B; Component of the peroxisomal and mitochondrial division machineries. Plays a role in promoting the fission of mitochondria and peroxisomes. In association with PEX11C, PEX11D, PEX11E and DRP3A, is involved in cell cycle-associated constitutive self-replication of preexisting peroxisomes. (167 aa) |
| | SNF4 | Sucrose nonfermenting 4-like protein; Regulatory subunit of the probable trimeric SNF1-related protein kinase (SnRK) complex, which may play a role in a signal transduction cascade regulating gene expression and carbohydrate metabolism in higher plants. (487 aa) |
| | ELM1 | Mitochondrial fission protein ELM1; Plant-specific factor involved in mitochondria fission. Is required for the correct localization of DRP3A from the cytosol to mitochondrial fission sites. Does not seem to be required for peroxisomal division. (427 aa) |
| | FBL17 | F-box/LRR-repeat protein 17; Essential protein for male fertility. Component of the SCF(ASK-cullin-F-box) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex SCF(FBL17), which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Enables the switch in cell cycle control leading to male germ cell lineage formation from microspores after meiosis. Targets CDKA-1 inhibitors the degradation specifically in male germ cells (e.g. KRP6 and KRP7) and thus enables CDKA-1 activation and germ cell S-phase progression. Promotes twin sperm cell production and double fertilization. (593 aa) |
| | CDP1 | Plastid division protein CDP1, chloroplastic; Component of the plastid division machinery required for PDV1 localization to constriction sites. Involved in chloroplast division site placement. Seems to inhibit FtsZ assembly, functioning as an antagonistic regulator of FtsZ dynamics against ARC6. (819 aa) |
| | SH3P2 | SH3 domain-containing protein 2; Regulator for autophaosome formation and/or maturation. Binds phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate. (368 aa) |
| | DRP3A | Dynamin-related protein 3A; Involved in the control of mitochondrial and peroxisomal division and morphology. In association with PEX11C, PEX11D, PEX11E and FIS1B, is involved in cell cycle-associated constitutive self- replication of preexisting peroxisomes. Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. Dynamin/Fzo/YdjA family. (808 aa) |
| | GRIP | Protein GRIP; Golgi matrix protein playing a role in tethering of vesicles to Golgi membranes and in maintaining the overall structure of the Golgi apparatus. (788 aa) |
| | NUF2 | Kinetochore protein NUF2 homolog; Acts as a component of the essential kinetochore-associated NDC80 complex, which is required for chromosome segregation and spindle checkpoint activity to ensure proper cell division. Belongs to the NUF2 family. (440 aa) |
| | ROPGAP7 | Rho GTPase-activating protein 7; Acts as a GTPase activator for the Rac-type GTPase by converting it to an inactive GDP-bound state. (870 aa) |
| | HTR12 | Histone H3-like centromeric protein HTR12; Histone H3-like variant which exclusively replaces conventional H3 in the nucleosome core of centromeric chromatin at the inner plate of the kinetochore. Required for recruitment and assembly of kinetochore proteins, mitotic progression and chromosome segregation. May serve as an epigenetic mark that propagates centromere identity through replication and cell division (By similarity). (178 aa) |
| | KIN7B | Kinesin-like protein KIN-7B; Probable plus end-directed motor protein that functions in the NACK-PQR (ANP3-MKK6-MPK4) MAP kinase signaling pathway, which is essential for somatic cell cytokinesis, especially for the cell-plate formation and its expansion. May regulate the activity and the localization of ANP3, probably by association through the non-catalytic region of the kinase. Functionally redundant with NACK1 and essential to promote the progression of cytokinesis and for cellularization (formation of the cell plate) during microgametogenesis and megagametogenesis. (938 aa) |
| | MBL20.6 | Fission ELM1-like protein (DUF1022). (404 aa) |
| | DRP3B | Dynamin-related protein 3B; Involved in the control of mitochondrial and peroxisomal division and morphology. (780 aa) |
| | DRP1C | Dynamin-related protein 1C; Microtubule-associated force-producing protein that is targeted to the growing edges of the cell plate during cytokinesis. Plays also a major role in plasma membrane maintenance during pollen maturation; Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. Dynamin/Fzo/YdjA family. (614 aa) |
| | KIN12B | Kinesin-like protein KIN-12B; Plus-end directed kinesin-like motor enzyme that plays a critical role in the organization of phragmoplast microtubules during cytokinesis. Constitutes a signaling module in association with serine/threonine-protein kinase TIO that is required to support phragmoplast expansion and cell-plate growth in plant cells. Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family. KIN-12 subfamily. (1313 aa) |
| | MSL3 | Mechanosensitive ion channel protein 3, chloroplastic; Mechanosensitive channel that opens in response to stretch forces in the membrane lipid bilayer. Controls plastid size, shape, and perhaps division during normal plant development by altering ion flux in response to changes in membrane tension. Acts as a component of the chloroplast division machinery; Belongs to the MscS (TC 1.A.23) family. (678 aa) |
| | MHF2 | Protein MHF2 homolog; Acts in the same pathway as FANCM to restrain class II meiotic crossing over (CO), and acts with FANCM during meiosis to repair interstrand cross-links (ICLs); Belongs to the CENP-X/MHF2 family. (104 aa) |
| | F4P9.17 | FK506-binding nuclear-like protein. (272 aa) |
| | PCH2 | Pachytene checkpoint protein 2 homolog; Plays a key role in chromosome recombination during meiosis. Mediates meiotic chromosome remodeling and crossover maturation. (467 aa) |
| | F10M6.170 | Myosin heavy chain-related protein. (783 aa) |
| | MND1 | Meiotic nuclear division protein 1 homolog; Required for proper homologous chromosome pairing and efficient cross-over and intragenic recombination during meiosis. Stimulates both DMC1/LIM15- and RAD51-mediated homologous strand assimilation, which is required for the resolution of meiotic double- strand breaks. (230 aa) |
| | RAD51C | DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 3; Involved in the homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway of double-stranded DNA breaks arising during DNA replication or induced by DNA-damaging agents. (363 aa) |
| | MCD1 | Protein MULTIPLE CHLOROPLAST DIVISION SITE 1; Required for chloroplast division. Regulates FtsZ ring positioning in chloroplasts. Determines the site of chloroplast division in concert with MIND1. Not directly involved in ring formation, but probably required for MIND1 localization to regulate FtsZ ring formation. (349 aa) |
| | KIN1-2 | Kinesin-like protein KIN-1; Kinesin-like motor protein that promotes synapsis and is required for proper crossover distribution in meiosis. Plays a role in the nuclear division cycles during megagametogenesis. (465 aa) |
| | F11C18.80 | Transcriptional regulator. (873 aa) |
| | ARC5 | Dynamin-like protein ARC5; Probable GTPase component of both plastid and peroxisme division machinery. Required for the last steps of plastid division specifically in mesophyll-cell, when the narrow isthmus breaks, facilitating the separation of the daughter plastids. Necessary for peroxisome activities. Seems to influence stromule (stroma-filled tubular extensions of the plastid envelope membrane) length and frequency. Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. Dynamin/Fzo/YdjA family. (777 aa) |
| | PEX11E | Peroxisomal membrane protein 11E; Involved in peroxisomal proliferation. Promotes peroxisomal duplication, aggregation or elongation without fission. Belongs to the peroxin-11 family. (231 aa) |
| | BHLH157 | Transcription factor bHLH157; Transcription factor that may regulate root development. (527 aa) |
| | MMD1 | PHD finger protein MALE MEIOCYTE DEATH 1; Probable transcription factor required for chromosome organization and progression during male meiosis (e.g. microsporogenesis). (704 aa) |
| | F7F1.3 | Aspartyl/glutamyl-tRNA(Asn/Gln) amidotransferase subunit. (421 aa) |
| | XRI1 | Protein XRI1; Required for mitotic division of the generative cell nucleus and the development of mature tricellular pollen grains, and for male and female meiosis. (300 aa) |
| | ARC3 | Protein ACCUMULATION AND REPLICATION OF CHLOROPLASTS 3; Z-ring accessory protein involved in the initiation of plastid division and division site placement (might functionally replace bacterial MinC). May control the rate of chloroplast expansion. Seems to influence stromule (stroma-filled tubular extensions of the plastid envelope membrane) length and frequency. (741 aa) |
| | PAT21 | Protein S-acyltransferase 21; S-acyltransferase involved in protein lipid modification. Belongs to the DHHC palmitoyltransferase family. (565 aa) |
| | XRCC2 | DNA repair protein XRCC2 homolog; Involved in the homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway of double-stranded DNA, thought to repair chromosomal fragmentation, translocations and deletions. (372 aa) |
| | CENPC | Centromere protein C; Component of the CENPA-NAC (nucleosome-associated) complex, a complex that plays a central role in assembly of kinetochore proteins, mitotic progression and chromosome segregation. Belongs to the CENP-C/MIF2 family. (705 aa) |
| | FAN1 | Fanconi-associated nuclease 1 homolog; Nuclease required for the repair of DNA interstrand cross- links (ICLs). Acts as a 5'-3' exonuclease that anchors at a cut end of DNA and cleaves DNA successively at every third nucleotide, allowing to excise an ICL from one strand through flanking incisions (By similarity). May act upstream of the helicase RECQL4A and the ATPase RAD5A, which is involved in error-free post-replicative repair. Functions independently of MUS81 pathway, but in a similar pathway with RECQ4A, RAD5A and MFH1 in ICL repair. (891 aa) |
| | TEL3N.1 | TPX2 (Targeting protein for Xklp2) protein family. (488 aa) |
| | MMI9.7 | Cell cycle regulated microtubule associated protein. (377 aa) |
| | RMI1 | RecQ-mediated genome instability protein 1; Essential component of the RMI complex, a complex that plays an important role in the resolution step of homologous recombination, in a process called Holliday Junction dissolution, to limit DNA crossover formation in cells. Together with TOP3A, is essential for the resolution of meiotic recombination intermediates, a step that prevents entanglement of the parental chromosomes; Belongs to the RMI1 family. (644 aa) |
| | MUS81 | Crossover junction endonuclease MUS81; Interacts with EME1 to form a DNA structure-specific endonuclease with substrate preference for branched DNA structures with a 5'-end at the branch nick. Typical substrates include 3'-flap structures, D-loops, replication forks, nicked Holliday junctions and also intact Holliday junctions with a reduced efficiency. May be required in mitosis for the processing of stalled or collapsed replication fork intermediates. Plays a role in DNA repair and in genotoxic stress-induced homologous recombination (HR) in somatic cells. Mediates a subset of meioti [...] (659 aa) |
| | MTOPVIB | Type 2 DNA topoisomerase 6 subunit B-like; Component of a topoisomerase 6 complex specifically required for meiotic recombination. Together with SPO11 (SPO11-1 and SPO11-2), mediates DNA cleavage that forms the double-strand breaks (DSB) that initiate meiotic recombination. The complex promotes relaxation of negative and positive supercoiled DNA and DNA decatenation through cleavage and ligation cycles. Belongs to the TOP6B-like family. (473 aa) |
| | MBK20.2 | Transducin/WD40 repeat-like superfamily protein. (458 aa) |
| | ESP1 | Separase; Cleaves SYN1, releasing sister chromatid cohesion. Required for the release of cohesin at anaphase I and anaphase II, whereas the release of cohesin during diplotene and diakinesis occurs in a separase-independent process. Essential for embryo and endosperm development. May play a role in centromeric heterochromatin structure/formation during early meiosis, non-homologous centromere association and radial microtubule system (RMS) formation. May regulate the mitosis-specific cyclin CYCB1-1. (2180 aa) |
| | MER3 | DExH-box ATP-dependent RNA helicase DExH17; DNA helicase required for crossover formation, complete synapsis of homologous chromosomes and bivalent formation during meiosis. Is specific to recombination events resulting in interference- sensitive crossovers (class I meiotic crossover). Belongs to the DExH box helicase family. (1133 aa) |
| | SMC3 | Structural maintenance of chromosomes protein 3; Central component of cohesin, a complex required for chromosome cohesion during the cell cycle. The cohesin complex may form a large proteinaceous ring within which sister chromatids can be trapped. At anaphase, the complex is cleaved and dissociates from chromatin, allowing sister chromatids to segregate. Cohesion is coupled to DNA replication and is involved in DNA repair. The cohesin complex plays also an important role in spindle pole assembly during mitosis and in chromosomes movement (By similarity). Essential protein plant viabili [...] (1204 aa) |
| | MSL2 | Mechanosensitive ion channel protein 2, chloroplastic; Mechanosensitive channel that opens in response to stretch forces in the membrane lipid bilayer (By similarity). Controls plastid size, shape, and perhaps division during normal plant development by altering ion flux in response to changes in membrane tension. Acts as a component of the chloroplast division machinery. (673 aa) |
| | CAPH | Condensin complex subunit 2; Regulatory subunit of the condensin complex, a complex required for conversion of interphase chromatin into mitotic-like condense chromosomes. The condensin complex probably introduces positive supercoils into relaxed DNA in the presence of type I topoisomerases and converts nicked DNA into positive knotted forms in the presence of type II topoisomerases (By similarity). Essential protein. (671 aa) |
| | F7H19.40 | Cell cycle regulated microtubule associated protein. (509 aa) |
| | F16J13.60 | Cell cycle regulated microtubule associated protein. (501 aa) |
| | PHS1 | Protein POOR HOMOLOGOUS SYNAPSIS 1; Required for accurate chromosome segregation in meiosis. Required for pairing to occur between homologous chromosomes. Acts in early recombination steps and ensures pairing fidelity and proper repair of meiotic DNA double-strand-breaks. Regulates recombination and pairing of homologous chromosomes during meiotic prophase by controlling transport of RAD50 from cytoplasm to the nucleus. May affect pairing of the gene-rich fraction of the genome rather than preventing pairing between repetitive DNA elements. (349 aa) |
| | FTSZ1 | Cell division protein FtsZ homolog 1, chloroplastic; Exhibits GTPase activity. Component of the plastid division machinery that forms a contractile ring at the division site. Required for plastid division in a dose-dependent manner. Involved in blue light-induced chloroplast movements. May regulate thylakoid development. Belongs to the FtsZ family. (433 aa) |
| | MPK4 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase 4; The ANPs-MKK6-MPK4 module is involved in the regulation of plant cytokinesis during meiosis and mitosis. Essential to promote the progression of cytokinesis and for cellularization (formation of the cell plate) during male-specific meiosis. Involved in cortical microtubules organization and stabilization by regulating the phosphorylation state of microtubule-associated proteins such as MAP65- 1. Involved in root hair development process. Negative regulator of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) and salicylic acid- (SA) mediated defense response. Requi [...] (376 aa) |
| | DMC1 | Meiotic recombination protein DMC1 homolog; May participate in meiotic recombination, specifically in homologous strand assimilation, which is required for the resolution of meiotic double-strand breaks. Mediates interhomolog recombination during meiosis. (344 aa) |
| | MIS12 | Protein MIS12 homolog; Constitutive component of kinetochores that is essential for proper cell division during mitotic cell cycle (Probable). May play a role in the modulation of centromere during meiosis. (238 aa) |
| | TIO | Serine/threonine-protein kinase TIO; Plays a role in conventional modes of cytokinesis in meristems and during male gametogenesis but also acts in nonconventional modes of cytokinesis (cellularization) during female gametogenesis. Constitutes a signaling module in association with Kinesin-12 members that is required to support phragmoplast expansion and cell-plate growth in plant cells. (1322 aa) |
| | SDS | Cyclin-SDS; Meiosis-specific cyclin. Required for normal homolog synapsis and recombination in early to mid-prophase 1. May regulate the timing of sister chromatid separation. (578 aa) |
| | F20M13.120 | Phospholipase-like protein (PEARLI 4) family protein. (523 aa) |
| | SGO2 | SHUGOSHIN 2; Dispensable for both meiotic and mitotic cell cycle progression. Required with SGO1 for full protection of centromeric cohesion during anaphase I. Required to prevent precocious release of pericentromeric cohesins during meiosis. Acts redundantly to SGO1 ; Belongs to the shugoshin family. (470 aa) |
| | KIN5B | Kinesin-like protein KIN-5B; Responsible for microtubule translocation. May be important for the organization of phragmoplast-specific arrays of microtubules (By similarity). Plays an essential role in stabilizing the mitotic spindle. Required during mitotic cytokinesis (By similarity). Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family. KIN-5/BimC subfamily. (1039 aa) |
| | CHR25 | Protein CHROMATIN REMODELING 25; Dissociates RAD51 from nucleoprotein filaments formed on dsDNA. Could be involved in the turnover of RAD51 protein-dsDNA filaments. Addition of RAD54 overcomes inhibition of DNA strand exchange by RAD51 bound to substrate dsDNA. Species preference in the RAD51 dissociation and DNA strand exchange assays underlines the importance of specific RAD54-RAD51 interactions. RAD51 is unable to release dsDNA upon ATP hydrolysis, leaving it stuck on the heteroduplex DNA product after DNA strand exchange (By similarity). Involved in DNA repair and mitotic recombina [...] (910 aa) |
| | NBS1 | Nijmegen breakage syndrome 1 protein; Component of the MRE11-RAD50-NBN complex (MRN complex) which plays a critical role in the cellular response to DNA damage and the maintenance of chromosome integrity. The complex may be involved in double-strand break (DSB) repair, DNA recombination, maintenance of telomere integrity, and cell cycle checkpoint control. Functions also in the very early stages of meiosis. (542 aa) |
| | KIN14C | Kinesin-like protein KIN-14C; Kinesin that supports microtubule movement in an ATP- dependent manner and has a minus-end directed polarity. Plays a crucial role in spindle morphogenesis in male meiosis. In mitosis, is required for normal microtubule accumulation at the spindle poles during prophase and may play a role in spindle assembly during prometaphase. Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family. KIN-14 subfamily. (793 aa) |
| | RAD51 | DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 1; Binds to single and double-stranded DNA and exhibits DNA- dependent ATPase activity. Unwinds duplex DNA (By similarity). Component of the meiotic recombination pathway. Seems to play a role in mediating chromosome homology search, chromosome pairing and synapsis at early stages and probably chromosome crossing-over at later stages in meiosis. Probably is involved in the repair of meiotic double strand breaks (DBSs) generated by AtSPO11-1 and in homologous recombination. Its function is dispensable for vegetative growth and root mitosis. (342 aa) |
| | KIN5C | Kinesin-like protein KIN-5C; Responsible for microtubule translocation. May be important for the organization of phragmoplast-specific arrays of microtubules (By similarity). Plays an essential role in stabilizing the mitotic spindle. Required during mitotic cytokinesis (By similarity). (1009 aa) |
| | ZYP1B | Synaptonemal complex protein 2; Required for chromosome synapsis and normal fidelity of crossing over. (856 aa) |
| | PPX1 | Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP-X isozyme 1; Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. PP-4 (PP-X) subfamily. (305 aa) |
| | PPX2 | Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP-X isozyme 2. (305 aa) |
| | AXR1 | NEDD8-activating enzyme E1 regulatory subunit AXR1; Regulatory subunit of the dimeric ECR1-AXR1 E1 enzyme. E1 activates RUB1/NEDD8 by first adenylating its C-terminal glycine residue with ATP, thereafter linking this residue to the side chain of the catalytic cysteine, yielding a RUB1-ECR1 thioester and free AMP. E1 finally transfers RUB1 to the catalytic cysteine of RCE1. Plays an important role in auxin response. Regulates the chromosomal localization of meiotic recombination by crossovers (COs) and subsequent synapsis, probably through the activation of a CRL4 complex. Required for [...] (540 aa) |
| | DRP1A | Dynamin-related protein 1A; Microtubule-associated force-producing protein that is targeted to the forming cell plate during cytokinesis. Plays also a major role in plasma membrane maintenance and cell wall integrity with implications in vesicular trafficking, polar cell expansion, vascular formation, and other aspects of plant growth and development. Has a GTPase activity. (610 aa) |
| | TUBG2 | Tubulin gamma-2 chain; Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. The gamma chain is found at microtubule organizing centers (MTOC) such as the spindle poles, suggesting that it is involved in the minus-end nucleation of microtubule assembly. (474 aa) |
| | TUBG1 | Tubulin gamma-1 chain; Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. The gamma chain is found at microtubule organizing centers (MTOC) such as the spindle poles, suggesting that it is involved in the minus-end nucleation of microtubule assembly. (474 aa) |
| | TOP2 | DNA topoisomerase 2; Control of topological states of DNA by transient breakage and subsequent rejoining of DNA strands. Topoisomerase II makes double- strand breaks; Belongs to the type II topoisomerase family. (1473 aa) |
| | FTSZ2-1 | Cell division protein FtsZ homolog 2-1, chloroplastic; Exhibits GTPase activity. Component of the plastid division machinery that forms a contractile ring at the division site. Required for plastid division in a dose-dependent manner. Belongs to the FtsZ family. (478 aa) |
| | SCC3 | Sister-chromatid cohesion protein 3; Essential component of cohesin complex, a complex required for the cohesion of sister chromatids after DNA replication. The cohesin complex apparently forms a large proteinaceous ring within which sister chromatids can be trapped. At anaphase, the complex is cleaved and dissociates from chromatin, allowing sister chromatids to segregate. The cohesin complex may also play a role in spindle pole assembly during mitosis. Required for centromere cohesion maintenance at anaphase I and for the monopolar orientation of the kinetochores during both male and [...] (1098 aa) |
| | PEX11D | Peroxisomal membrane protein 11D; Involved in peroxisomal proliferation. Promotes peroxisomal duplication, aggregation or elongation without fission. (236 aa) |
| | dl3985w | Condensin-2 complex subunit. (1314 aa) |
| | FTSHI1 | Probable inactive ATP-dependent zinc metalloprotease FTSHI 1, chloroplastic; Functions in chloroplast biogenesis and chloroplast division. Required for plastid development during embryogenesis. Might be involved in chaperone functions or play a structural role in the thylakoid FtsH complex. In the N-terminal section; belongs to the AAA ATPase family. (946 aa) |
| | BUBR1 | Mitotic spindle checkpoint protein BUBR1; Essential component of the mitotic checkpoint. Required for normal mitosis progression. The mitotic checkpoint delays anaphase until all chromosomes are properly attached to the mitotic spindle. One of its checkpoint functions may be to inhibit the activity of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) by blocking the binding of CDC20 to APC/C (By similarity). (395 aa) |
| | B'BETA | Serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A 57 kDa regulatory subunit B' beta isoform; The B regulatory subunit may modulate substrate selectivity and catalytic activity, and also may direct the localization of the catalytic enzyme to a particular subcellular compartment (By similarity). Required for the formation of the PP2A holoenzyme that positively regulates brassinosteroid signaling by dephosphorylating and activating BZR1. (499 aa) |
| | B'ALPHA | Serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A 57 kDa regulatory subunit B' alpha isoform; The B regulatory subunit may modulate substrate selectivity and catalytic activity, and also may direct the localization of the catalytic enzyme to a particular subcellular compartment (By similarity). Required for the formation of the PP2A holoenzyme that positively regulates brassinosteroid signaling by dephosphorylating and activating BZR1. (495 aa) |
| | SHOC1 | Protein SHORTAGE IN CHIASMATA 1; Essential for the formation of class I meiotic crossovers. (1594 aa) |
| | MKM21.10 | Restriction endonuclease, type II-like superfamily protein. (1272 aa) |
| | F17P19.12 | Chromosome transmission fidelity-like protein. (145 aa) |
| | MQM1.12 | DYAD protein. (500 aa) |
| | MPS1 | Protein MULTIPOLAR SPINDLE 1; Involved in meiotic spindle organization in meiocytes thus regulating chromosome segregation. Required for formation of meiotic DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) during early recombination processes. (377 aa) |
| | T20K14.120 | TPX2 (Targeting protein for Xklp2) protein family. (519 aa) |
| | EMB2656 | ARM repeat superfamily protein. (1051 aa) |
| | F4K773_ARATH | TPX2 (Targeting protein for Xklp2) protein family. (178 aa) |
| | T28J14.110 | Cell cycle regulated microtubule associated protein. (363 aa) |
| | F4D11.180 | Enhancer of polycomb-like transcription factor protein. (1540 aa) |
| | ASY2 | Meiosis-specific protein ASY2; Required for normal meiosis. (1399 aa) |
| | MSH4 | DNA mismatch repair protein MSH4; Involved in meiotic recombination in association with MSH5. Required for reciprocal recombination and proper segregation of homologous chromosomes at meiosis. Promotes homologous recombination through facilitating chiasma formation during prophase I. Involved in the control of class I crossovers formation. Belongs to the DNA mismatch repair MutS family. (792 aa) |
| | MLH3 | DNA mismatch repair protein MLH3; Involved in DNA mismatch repair (MMR), correcting insertion- deletion loops (IDLs) resulting from DNA replication, DNA damage or from recombination events between non-identical sequences during meiosis. Component of the MutLbeta heterodimer, which probably forms a ternary complex with the MutSbeta heterodimer that initially recognizes the DNA mismatches. This complex is thought to be responsible for directing the downsteam MMR events, including strand discrimination, excision, and resynthesis. Plays a major role in promoting meiotic crossing-over and i [...] (1155 aa) |
| | T29A15 | WEB family protein At4g27595, chloroplastic. (1221 aa) |
| | Dl3525W | Fanconi anemia group D2 protein. (1484 aa) |
| | MSH5 | DNA mismatch repair protein MSH5; Involved in meiotic recombination in association with MSH4. Required for reciprocal recombination and proper segregation of homologous chromosomes at meiosis. Promotes homologous recombination through facilitating chiasma formation during prophase I. Involved in the control of class I crossovers formation. Belongs to the DNA mismatch repair MutS family. (807 aa) |
| | SGO1 | SHUGOSHIN 1; Protects sister chromatid centromere cohesion in meiosis I but not through the protection of the cohesin SYN1. Required with SGO2 for full protection of centromeric cohesion during anaphase I. Required to prevent precocious release of pericentromeric cohesins during meiosis. Not necessary for the maintenance of the synaptonemal complex (SC). Not required for monopolar spindle orientation in meiosis I. (572 aa) |
| | F4J246_ARATH | Condensin complex subunit 1; Regulatory subunit of the condensin complex, a complex required for conversion of interphase chromatin into mitotic-like condense chromosomes. The condensin complex probably introduces positive supercoils into relaxed DNA in the presence of type I topoisomerases and converts nicked DNA into positive knotted forms in the presence of type II topoisomerases. (1415 aa) |
| | F4J1U2_ARATH | Glutamate NMDA receptor subunit epsilon-1, putative (DUF3598). (396 aa) |
| | BUB1 | Mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine-protein kinase BUB1; Serine/threonine-protein kinase that performs 2 crucial functions during mitosis: it is essential for spindle-assembly checkpoint signaling and for correct chromosome alignment. Has a key role in the assembly of checkpoint proteins at the kinetochore. Acts as a substrate for anaphase-promoting complex or cyclosome (APC/C). Necessary for ensuring proper chromosome segregation. Can regulate chromosome segregation in a kinetochore-independent manner. The BUB1- BUB3 complex plays a role in the inhibition of APC/C when spindle- assemb [...] (525 aa) |
| | F16B22.7 | Zinc ion binding protein. (386 aa) |
| | KIN5A | Kinesin-like protein KIN-5A; Responsible for microtubule translocation. May be important for the organization of phragmoplast-specific arrays of microtubules (By similarity). Plays an essential role in stabilizing the mitotic spindle. Required during mitotic cytokinesis. (1042 aa) |
| | F4IHC3_ARATH | DNA repair DEAD helicase RAD3/XP-D subfamily protein. (146 aa) |
| | F4IFY5_ARATH | DNA ligase-like protein. (212 aa) |
| | PTD | Protein PARTING DANCERS; Required for chromosome segregation during meiosis. During diakinesis and prometaphase I, essential for the formation of class I meiotic crossovers and homologous recombination. Belongs to the ERCC1/RAD10/SWI10 family. (250 aa) |
| | JASON | Protein JASON; Required for normal spindle orientation at male meiosis II and normal formation of tetrad of microspores. Acts as positive regulator of PS1 in male sporogenesis. Not involved in female meiosis. (481 aa) |
| | F13O11.30 | Putative WEB family protein At1g65010, chloroplastic. (1345 aa) |
| | AtWAPL1 | WAPL (Wings apart-like protein regulation of heterochromatin) protein. (930 aa) |
| | T5M16.19 | ARM repeat superfamily protein. (1424 aa) |
| | F21M11.3 | Eisosome protein. (434 aa) |
| | MURE | UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate--2,6-diaminopimelate ligase MurE homolog, chloroplastic; Involved in chloroplast biogenesis. Required for thylakoid membrane development. Seems to be required for plastid-encoded plastid RNA polymerase (PEP)-dependent gene expression. (772 aa) |
| | TPX2 | Protein TPX2; Regulates prospindle assembly during late prophase and at the onset of mitosis, before nuclear envelope breakdown (NEB). Is exported from the nucleus shortly before NEB and organized into two polar crescents. After NEB, is progressively associated with the forming spindle. Probably mediates AUR1 activation and localization to spindle microtubules. Has a microtubule binding capability and is able to trigger microtubule assembly induced by RanGTP in a heterologous system. Not involved in phragmoplast assembly, nuclear envelope reformation, and cortical microtubule assembly [...] (790 aa) |
| | F2D10.24 | RAD3-like DNA-binding helicase protein. (1144 aa) |
| | ASY1 | Meiosis-specific protein ASY1; Required for normal meiosis in male and female gametophytes. Plays a crucial role in coordinating the activity of DMC1, a key member of the homologous recombination machinery. Acts at the interface between the developing chromosome axes and the recombination machinery to ensure DMC1-mediated interhomolog recombination. (596 aa) |
| | HEI10 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase CCNB1IP1 homolog; Ubiquitin E3 ligase required for class I crossover (CO) formation during meiosis. (304 aa) |
| | B3H5K3_ARATH | Binding protein. (1607 aa) |
| | ZIP4 | TPR repeat-containing protein ZIP4; Required for meiotic chromosome segregation. It is involved in interference-sensitive crossovers (class I meiotic crossover) formation, in both male and female meiosis. Is specific to recombination events resulting in interference-sensitive crossovers (class I meiotic crossover). Not required for synapsis completion. (936 aa) |
| | SMG7 | Protein SMG7; Plays multiple roles in growth and development. Involved in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). May provide a link to the mRNA degradation machinery to initiate NMD and serve as an adapter for UPF proteins function. Required for meiotic progression through anaphase II of pollen mother cells. May counteract cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) activity at the end of meiosis. May play a role in plant defense through its involvement in NMD. Together with EXA1, helps to restrict cell death induction during pathogen infection in a salicylic acid- (SA) and reactive oxygen species- (RO [...] (1059 aa) |
| | T12J5.14 | Phospholipase-like protein (PEARLI 4) family protein. (401 aa) |
| | CTF7 | Protein CHROMOSOME TRANSMISSION FIDELITY 7; Acetyltransferase required for the establishment of sister chromatid cohesion. Involved in preservation of genome integrity and meiosis. Required for DNA repair and for the regulation of chromosome segregation during mitotic cell division. Knock-down mutants are extremely dwarf. (345 aa) |
| | SCC2 | Sister chromatid cohesion protein SCC2; Essential protein required for cell fate determination during embryogenesis. Involved in sister chromatid cohesion during meiosis and mitosis. Forms a complex with SCC4, which is required for the association of the cohesin complex with chromosomes. Plays a structural role in chromatin, especially in centromere organization, chromosomal axis formation, and distribution of the cohesin subunit SCC3 on chromosomes. (1846 aa) |
| | F14H20.6 | XRI1-like protein. (244 aa) |
| | F2D10.21 | RAD3-like DNA-binding helicase protein. (1269 aa) |
| | HEB1 | ARM repeat superfamily protein. (1232 aa) |
| | F23A5.16 | Tudor/PWWP/MBT superfamily protein. (826 aa) |
| | A0A1I9LT08 | Shugoshin. (274 aa) |
| | DUO1 | Transcription factor DUO1; Transcription activator that acts as a positive regulator of male germline development by promoting both gametic cell specification and cell cycle progression. Binds to canonical MYB sites 5'- AACCGTC-3', 5'-AAACCGC-3' and 5'-AACCGT-3' in promoters to trigger the expression of male germline-specific or enriched genes (e.g. MGH3, GEX2 and GCS1), including those required for fertilization. Required for sperm cell specification leading to pollen maturation by activating a germline-specific regulon. Involved in pollen mitosis entry at G2-M transition via the regu [...] (300 aa) |
| | F12A24.8 | Phospholipase-like protein (PEARLI 4) family protein. (382 aa) |
| | VAMP721 | Vesicle-associated membrane protein 721; Involved in the targeting and/or fusion of transport vesicles to their target membrane; Belongs to the synaptobrevin family. (219 aa) |
| | PDV2 | Plastid division protein PDV2; Component of the plastid division machinery. Required to mediate the recruitment of ARC5 at the midplastid constriction site in the cytoplasm. Relays plastid division site position between stroma and outer surface via interactions with the cytoplasmic ARC5 and the inner membrane ARC6 that recruits stromal FtsZ ring. (307 aa) |
| | YLMG1-2 | YlmG homolog protein 1-2, chloroplastic; Not required for the biogenesis and accumulation of native cytochrome b6 in the thylakoid membrane. Not functionally involved in the pathway for covalent binding of the c-type heme to cytochrome b6. (218 aa) |
| | MS5 | Protein POLLENLESS 3; Essential for male fertility, especially for microspore and pollen grain production. Involved in the regulation of cell division after male meiosis I and II to facilitate exit from meiosis and transition to G1. (434 aa) |
| | PEX11B | Peroxisomal membrane protein 11B; Involved in peroxisomal proliferation. Promotes peroxisomal duplication, aggregation or elongation without fission. (227 aa) |
| | ADT2 | Arogenate dehydratase/prephenate dehydratase 2, chloroplastic; Converts the prephenate produced from the shikimate- chorismate pathway into phenylalanine. (381 aa) |
| | YLMG1-1 | YlmG homolog protein 1-1, chloroplastic; Required for the proper distribution of nucleoids in chloroplasts. The nucleoid partitioning by YLMG1-1 may be related to chloroplast division processes. (232 aa) |
| | SMC2-2 | Structural maintenance of chromosomes protein 2-2; Central component of the condensin complex, a complex required for conversion of interphase chromatin into mitotic-like condense chromosomes. The condensin complex probably introduces positive supercoils into relaxed DNA in the presence of type I topoisomerases and converts nicked DNA into positive knotted forms in the presence of type II topoisomerases. Also involved in chromosome segregation in meiosis. (1171 aa) |
| | T5J17.190 | Myosin heavy chain-related protein. (615 aa) |
| | pEARLI4 | Phospholipase-like protein (PEARLI 4) family protein. (748 aa) |
| | RPA1A | Replication protein A 70 kDa DNA-binding subunit A; Component of the replication protein A complex (RPA) required for DNA recombination, repair and replication. The activity of RPA is mediated by single-stranded DNA binding and protein interactions. Plays an essential role at later stages of meiotic recombination events required for the formation of class I crossovers. Is essential for normal progression through meiosis in pollen mother cells. Is involved in repair of double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs) induced by genotoxic stresses, but does not seem to be required for the repair of meiot [...] (640 aa) |
| | GC1-3 | Epimerase family protein SDR39U1 homolog, chloroplastic; Putative NADP-dependent oxidoreductase that acts as positive regulator of chloroplast division. May play a role at an early stage of the division process. (347 aa) |
| | SUN2 | SUN domain-containing protein 2; Component of SUN-protein-containing multivariate complexes also called LINC complexes which link the nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton by providing versatile outer nuclear membrane attachment sites for cytoskeletal filaments. Required for the maintenance and/or formation of polarized nuclear shape in root hairs. Modulates the anchoring and mobility of WIP proteins in the nuclear envelope (NE). In association with SUN1, may be involved in telomere attachment to nuclear envelope in the prophase of meiosis. As component of the SUN-WIP- WIT2-KAKU1 complex, me [...] (455 aa) |
| | CALS9 | Callose synthase 9; Involved in sporophytic and gametophytic development. Required for normal plant development. During pollen formation, required for the entry of microspores into mitosis and microspore symmetric division. May be required for correct temporal and spatial control of callose deposition during pollen mitosis. During plant growth and development, callose is found as a transitory component of the cell plate in dividing cells, is a major component of pollen mother cell walls and pollen tubes, and is found as a structural component of plasmodesmatal canals. (1890 aa) |
| | MCM8 | Probable DNA helicase MCM8; Probable DNA helicase that plays a role in meiotic double- strand break (DSB) repair, but seems not required for recombination with the homologous chromosome. May be involved with RAD51 in a backup pathway that repairs meiotic DSB without giving meiotic crossover, in parallel to the meiotic homologous recombination which relies on DMC1. Belongs to the MCM family. (801 aa) |
| | T24D18.4 | Tudor/PWWP/MBT superfamily protein. (990 aa) |
| | SYN1 | Sister chromatid cohesion 1 protein 1; Involved in chromosome condensation, pairing and segregation during meiosis. Responsible for cohesion between replicated sister chromatids. (627 aa) |
| | MIND1 | Putative septum site-determining protein minD homolog, chloroplastic; Calcium-dependent ATPase required for the correct placement of the plastid division site. Inhibits FtsZ filament and ring formation in the plastid. Mediates inhibition of plastid division. In cooperation with MINE1, prevents FtsZ ring formation anywhere outside of the mid- plastids. Belongs to the ParA family. MinD subfamily. (326 aa) |
| | F13E7.12 | WEB family protein At3g02930, chloroplastic; Belongs to the WEB family. (806 aa) |
| | F16B3.3 | SMAD/FHA domain-containing protein. (585 aa) |
| | SPO11-1 | Meiotic recombination protein SPO11-1; Component of a topoisomerase 6 complex specifically required for meiotic recombination. Together with MTOPVIB, mediates DNA cleavage that forms the double-strand breaks (DSB) that initiate meiotic recombination. The complex promotes relaxation of negative and positive supercoiled DNA and DNA decatenation through cleavage and ligation cycles. Belongs to the TOP6A family. (362 aa) |
| | SPO11-2 | Meiotic recombination protein SPO11-2; Component of a topoisomerase 6 complex specifically required for meiotic recombination. Together with MTOPVIB, mediates DNA cleavage that forms the double-strand breaks (DSB) that initiate meiotic recombination. The complex promotes relaxation of negative and positive supercoiled DNA and DNA decatenation through cleavage and ligation cycles. Belongs to the TOP6A family. (383 aa) |
| | T26I12.220 | Phragmoplastin interacting protein 1. (597 aa) |
| | GIG1 | Protein GIGAS CELL1; Negative regulator of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) ubiquitin ligase required for proper mitotic and meiotic progression and cell fate determination. Involved in entry into both meiosis I and meiosis II. Prevents endomitosis by preferentially inhibiting APC/C(CDC20). Required for megagametophyte and endosperm development. Triggers mitotic cyclins (e.g. CYCB1-1 and CYCB1-2) accumulation. Confers immunity to bacterial pathogens (e.g. Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000), which is associated with increased expression of disease resistance (R) gen [...] (243 aa) |
| | FIS1A | Mitochondrial fission 1 protein A; Component of the peroxisomal and mitochondrial division machineries. Plays a role in promoting the fission of mitochondria and peroxisomes; Belongs to the FIS1 family. (170 aa) |
| | NDC80 | Kinetochore protein NDC80 homolog; Acts as a component of the essential kinetochore-associated NDC80 complex, which is required for chromosome segregation and spindle checkpoint activity to ensure proper cell division. (568 aa) |
| | GIP1-2 | Mitotic-spindle organizing protein 1B; Required for gamma-tubulin complex recruitment to the microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs) (By similarity). During mitosis, modulates gamma-tubulin complex localization, spindle stability and chromosomal segregation. Necessary for gametophyte development and embryogenesis; Belongs to the MOZART1 family. (71 aa) |
| | KIN5D | Kinesin-like protein KIN-5D; Responsible for microtubule translocation. May be important for the organization of phragmoplast-specific arrays of microtubules (By similarity). Plays an essential role in stabilizing the mitotic spindle. Required during mitotic cytokinesis (By similarity). Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family. KIN-5/BimC subfamily. (1058 aa) |
| | TOP6A | DNA topoisomerase 6 subunit A; Component of the DNA topoisomerase VI involved in chromatin organization and progression of endoreduplication cycles. Relaxes both positive and negative superturns and exhibits a strong decatenase activity. Involved in cell-elongation processes. Belongs to the TOP6A family. (427 aa) |
| | FTSZ2-2 | Cell division protein FtsZ homolog 2-2, chloroplastic; Exhibits GTPase activity (By similarity). Component of the plastid division machinery that forms a contractile ring at the division site. (473 aa) |
| | TOP3A | DNA topoisomerase 3-alpha; Releases the supercoiling and torsional tension of DNA introduced during the DNA replication and transcription by transiently cleaving and rejoining one strand of the DNA duplex. Introduces a single-strand break via transesterification at a target site in duplex DNA. The scissile phosphodiester is attacked by the catalytic tyrosine of the enzyme, resulting in the formation of a DNA-(5'-phosphotyrosyl)- enzyme intermediate and the expulsion of a 3'-OH DNA strand. The free DNA strand then undergoes passage around the unbroken strand thus removing DNA supercoils [...] (926 aa) |
| | CAPH2 | Condensin-2 complex subunit H2; Regulatory subunit of the condensin-2 complex, a complex that seems to provide chromosomes with an additional level of organization and rigidity and in establishing mitotic chromosome architecture (By similarity). The condensin-2 complex plays a role in DNA damage repair or in protecting the genome from certain genotoxic stressors (e.g. boron excess, zeocin and aphidicolin); Belongs to the CND2 H2 (condensin-2 subunit 2) family. (683 aa) |
| | MAD1 | Mitotic spindle checkpoint protein MAD1; Required for the execution of the mitotic checkpoint which monitors the process of kinetochore-spindle attachment and delays the onset of anaphase when this process is not complete. It inhibits the activity of the anaphase promoting complex by sequestering CDC20 until all chromosomes are aligned at the metaphase plate. Required for anchoring MAD2 to the nuclear envelope. (726 aa) |
| | RAD51D | DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 4; Involved in the homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway of double-stranded DNA breaks arising during DNA replication or induced by DNA-damaging agents. (322 aa) |
| | PEX11C | Peroxisomal membrane protein 11C; Involved in peroxisomal proliferation. Promotes peroxisomal duplication, aggregation or elongation without fission. Belongs to the peroxin-11 family. (235 aa) |
| | ZYP1A | Synaptonemal complex protein 1; Required for chromosome synapsis and normal fidelity of crossing over. (871 aa) |
| | RBR1 | Retinoblastoma-related protein 1; Key regulator of entry into cell division. Acts as a transcription repressor of E2F target genes, whose activity is required for progress from the G1 to the S phase of the cell cycle. Hyperphosphorylation by CDKA-1 prevents the binding to E2F transcription factors, allowing G1 to S phase transition to operate. Forms a stable complex with E2FA that functions in maintaining cell proliferation through repression of cell differentiation. Plays a central role in the mechanism controlling meristem cell differentiation, cell fate establishment and cell fate m [...] (1013 aa) |
| | UVH1 | DNA repair endonuclease UVH1; Seems to be involved in nucleotide excision repair (NER) of damaged DNA (dark repair mechanism). Involved in repair of UV light, and probably oxidative damage. The UVH1/RAD1-ERCC1/RAD10 complex may act as an endonuclease making DNA incision 5' to the lesion site. In vitro, is implicated in double strand breaks (DSBs) repair and is required for homologous recombination in the presence of non-homologous overhangs. May mediate the induction of a DNA-damage sensitive cell- cycle checkpoint during the G2 phase. (956 aa) |
| | F2I11.230 | Acyl-CoA N-acyltransferases (NAT) superfamily protein. (164 aa) |
| | F5E19_70 | WEB family protein At5g16730, chloroplastic. (853 aa) |
| | T30N20.220 | Tudor/PWWP/MBT superfamily protein. (395 aa) |
| | KIN12A | Kinesin-like protein KIN-12A; Plus-end directed kinesin-like motor enzyme that plays a critical role in the organization of phragmoplast microtubules during cytokinesis. Constitutes a signaling module in association with serine/threonine-protein kinase TIO that is required to support phragmoplast expansion and cell-plate growth in plant cells. Binds microtubules in an ATP-sensitive manner. (1292 aa) |
| | PEX11A | Peroxisomal membrane protein 11A; Involved in peroxisomal proliferation. Promotes peroxisomal duplication, aggregation or elongation without fission. (248 aa) |
| | HOP2-2 | Homologous-pairing protein 2 homolog; Involved in bivalent formation and segregation of homologous chromosomes in meiosis. (226 aa) |
| | CYCA1-2 | Cyclin-A1-2; Involved in the regulation of male meiosis progression. (442 aa) |
| | MRH10.15 | Eisosome SEG2-like protein. (416 aa) |
| | ROPGAP6 | Rho GTPase-activating protein 6; Acts as a GTPase activator for the Rac-type GTPase by converting it to an inactive GDP-bound state. (827 aa) |
| | K9L2.2 | TPX2 (Targeting protein for Xklp2) protein family. (309 aa) |
| | PDV1 | Plastid division protein PDV1; Component of the plastid division machinery. Required to mediate the recruitment of ARC5 at the midplastid constriction site in the cytoplasm. (272 aa) |
| | MKK6 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6; The ANPs-MKK6-MPK4 module is involved in the regulation of plant cytokinesis during meiosis and mitosis. MKK6-MPK13 module positively regulates lateral root formation. Phosphorylates and activates MPK4. Activates MPK5 and MPK13 in vitro. (356 aa) |
| | SMC4 | Structural maintenance of chromosomes protein 4; Central component of the condensin complex, a complex required for conversion of interphase chromatin into mitotic-like condense chromosomes. The condensin complex probably introduces positive supercoils into relaxed DNA in the presence of type I topoisomerases and converts nicked DNA into positive knotted forms in the presence of type II topoisomerases. Also involved in chromosome segregation in meiosis; Belongs to the SMC family. SMC4 subfamily. (1241 aa) |
| | ARC6 | Protein ACCUMULATION AND REPLICATION OF CHLOROPLASTS 6, chloroplastic; Component of the plastid division machinery. Involved in the initiation of proplastid and plastid division (including chloroplasts, statoliths and leukoplasts). Promotes the assembly and/or stabilization of the plastid-dividing FtsZ ring, functioning as an antagonistic regulator of FtsZ dynamics against CDP1. Relays plastid division site position between stroma and outer surface via interactions with the stromal FtsZ ring and the outer membrane PDV2 that recruits cytoplasmic ARC5 ring. Required for plastid equatoria [...] (801 aa) |
| | MHF1 | Protein MHF1 homolog; Involved in the promotion of spontaneous somatic homologous recombination (HR) events, which is opposite to the function of FANCM in ordered HR. Only FANCM is essential for replicative repair in the absence of the endonuclease MUS81. Acts in the same pathway as FANCM to restrain class II meiotic crossing over (CO), and acts with FANCM during meiosis to repair interstrand cross-links (ICLs). This common pathway between MHF1 and FANCM is in parallel to the pathway that involves the RECQ4A helicase. (242 aa) |
| | CRL | Chromophore lyase CRL, chloroplastic; Covalently attaches a chromophore to Cys residue(s) of phycobiliproteins (By similarity). Required for plastid division, and involved in cell differentiation and regulation of the cell division plane. Maintenance of plastid homeostasis controls plant preconditioning to stress and stress acclimation. Belongs to the CpcT/CpeT biliprotein lyase family. (269 aa) |
| | MAP65-3 | 65-kDa microtubule-associated protein 3; Microtubule-associated protein that plays a critical role in organizing the mitotic microtubule array during both early and late mitosis in all plant organs. Essential for the cytokinesis, especially in roots, by maintaining the integrity of the overlapped microtubules in the phragmoplast. Required during root morphogenesis. Needed for giant cell development during root knot nematode infection, where cytokinesis is initiated but not completed. Belongs to the MAP65/ASE1 family. (707 aa) |
| | DYAD | Protein DYAD; Required for fertility. Involved in chromatid cohesion establishment, in chromosome structure during male and female meiosis (e.g. the synapse formation between homologous chromosomes, the recombination, and the cohesion of both chromatid arm and centromere), and in axial element formation. Regulates the switch from mitosis to the reductional meiosis division of megaspores prior to the female gametogenesis (megasporogenesis). (639 aa) |
| | SCC4 | Sister chromatid cohesion protein SCC4; Essential protein required for cell fate determination during embryogenesis. Involved in sister chromatid cohesion. Forms a complex with SCC2, which is required for the association of the cohesin complex with chromosomes. (726 aa) |
| | MOP10.5 | Mad3/BUB1 homology region 1. (471 aa) |
| | SUN1 | SUN domain-containing protein 1; Component of SUN-protein-containing multivariate complexes also called LINC complexes which link the nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton by providing versatile outer nuclear membrane attachment sites for cytoskeletal filaments. Required for the maintenance and/or formation of polarized nuclear shape in root hairs. Modulates the anchoring and mobility of WIP proteins and RANGAP1 in the nuclear envelope (NE). In association with SUN2, may be involved in telomere attachment to nuclear envelope in the prophase of meiosis. As component of the SUN-WIP-WIT2-KAKU1 [...] (471 aa) |
| | GIP2 | Mitotic-spindle organizing protein 1A; Required for gamma-tubulin complex recruitment to the microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs) (By similarity). During mitosis, modulates gamma-tubulin complex localization, spindle stability and chromosomal segregation. Necessary for gametophyte development and embryogenesis. (67 aa) |
