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| | UMAMIT36 | WAT1-related protein At1g70260. (375 aa) |
| | LYK3 | LysM domain receptor-like kinase 3; Putative Lysin motif (LysM) receptor kinase that may recognize microbe-derived N-acetylglucosamine (NAG)-containing ligands. Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. (651 aa) |
| | F17H15.21 | Protein kinase family protein. (676 aa) |
| | RTE1 | Protein REVERSION-TO-ETHYLENE SENSITIVITY1; Acts at an early step in the ethylene signaling pathway. Positively regulates ETR1, leading to the negative regulation of ethylene responses. (250 aa) |
| | RSL1 | RBR-type E3 ubiquitin transferase. (398 aa) |
| | EBS | Chromatin remodeling protein EBS; Chromatin remodeling factor that binds to methylated histone (e.g. H3K4me2/3) to prevent their acetylation (e.g. H3K9K14Ac), likely by recruiting histone deacetylase (HDAC) complexes, and thus regulating the transcription of target genes. Negative regulator in developmental processes in a gibberellic acid- (GA-) dependent manner, such as germination, flowering induction, and flower organ specification, probably by modulating developmental gene expression. Involved in the chromatin-mediated repression of floral initiation and controls genes regulating f [...] (234 aa) |
| | HSP70-17 | Heat shock 70 kDa protein 17. (867 aa) |
| | PQT3 | E3 ubiquitin ligase PARAQUAT TOLERANCE 3; E3 ubiquitin ligase acting as a negative regulator of oxidative stress tolerance, probably by mediating 26S proteasome- mediated degradation of PRMT13/PRMT4B, thus preventing APX1 and GPX1 accumulation via the reduction of histone H3 methylation (H3R17me2a). Confers sensitivity to cadmium CdCl(2) and salt NaCl stresses. (826 aa) |
| | REN1 | Rho GTPase-activating protein REN1; Acts as a GTPase activator for the Rac-type GTPase by converting it to an inactive GDP-bound state. Maintains the global inactivation of ARAC11/ROP1 at the apex in pollen tubes in order to regulate the polar cell growth. (920 aa) |
| | SRFR1 | Suppressor of RPS4-RLD 1; Negative regulator of effector-triggered immunity associated with the EDS1 resistance pathway. May localize its interactors to a microsomal membrane. May therefore negatively regulate RPS4 and SNC1 translocation to the nucleus. Contributes to the regulation of RPS2 and RPS4 protein levels and negatively regulates SNC1 stability. (1052 aa) |
| | LAZ1 | Protein LAZ1; Required for programmed cell death (PCD) associated with hypersensitive response (HR). Involved both in the induction of EDS1/PAD4 mediated HR and in accelerated cell death in the acd11 mutant. Not required for HR induction elicited through pathways exclusively dependent on CC-NB-LRR resistance proteins. Belongs to the TMEM184 family. (485 aa) |
| | PBL13 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase PBL13; Involved in defense responses. Acts as negative regulator of plant immune responses. (494 aa) |
| | MQD22.4 | Transcription factor jumonji (Jmj) family protein / zinc finger (C5HC2 type) family protein. (787 aa) |
| | COI1 | Coronatine-insensitive protein 1; Required for jasmonate-regulated plant fertility and defense processes, and for coronatine and/or other elicitors perceptions/responses. Seems to not be required for meiosis. Required for the regulation of some genes induced by wounding, but not for all. Component of SCF(COI1) E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, which may mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (probably including the ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small chain 1B RBCS-1B and the histone deacetylase HDA6). These SCF complexes play crucial roles [...] (592 aa) |
| | RAS1 | Protein RESPONSE TO ABA AND SALT 1; Negative regulator of salt (NaCl) tolerance probably by enhancing abscisic acid (ABA) sensitivity. (230 aa) |
| | EIF(ISO)4E | Eukaryotic translation initiation factor isoform 4E; Recognizes and binds the 7-methylguanosine-containing mRNA cap during an early step in the initiation of protein synthesis and facilitates ribosome binding by inducing the unwinding of the mRNAs secondary structures. Mediates susceptibility to Turnipmosaic potyvirus (TuMV) and Tobacco etch potyvirus (TEV). (198 aa) |
| | GCR1 | G-protein coupled receptor 1; Together with GPA1, may regulate the cell cycle via a signaling cascade that uses phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) as an effector and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate(IP(3)) as a second messenger. Acts as a negative regulator of GPA1-mediated abscisic acid (ABA) responses in guard cells, and together with GPA1 and GB1 during seed germination and early seedling development. Promotes PI-PLC activity and IP(3) accumulation. Involved in the blue light (BL) signaling. Together with GPA1 and ADT3, required for BL- mediated synthesis of phenylpy [...] (326 aa) |
| | RHC1A | Probable E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RHC1A; Probable E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that may possess E3 ubiquitin ligase activity in vitro. (328 aa) |
| | HDA19 | Histone deacetylase 19; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes. HDA19 is involved in jasmonic acid and ethylene signaling of pathogen response. Part of a repressor complex including APETALA2 (AP2) and TOPLESS (TPL) that control the expression domains of numerous flora [...] (501 aa) |
| | MYB73 | Transcription factor MYB73; Transcription factor that functions in salt stress response. Acts as negative regulator of NHX7/SOS1 and CBL4/SOS3 induction in response to salt stress. In response to auxin, activates the transcription of the auxin-responsive gene IAA19. The IAA19 transcription activation by MYB73 is enhanced by direct interaction between MYB73 and PYL8. (320 aa) |
| | LUH | Transcriptional corepressor LEUNIG_HOMOLOG; Transcription repressor subunit of the SEU-SLK1 and SEU-SLK2 transcriptional corepressor of abiotic stress (e.g. salt and osmotic stress) response genes, by means of an epigenetic process involving histone modification (e.g. H3K9 and H3K14 acetylation), probably by recruiting HDAC, to facilitate the condensation of chromatin thus preventing transcription at the target genes. Can also act as a transcription activator. Implicated in embryo and floral development. Involved in post- synthesis cell wall modifications necessary for mucilage extrusi [...] (787 aa) |
| | ETO1 | Ethylene-overproduction protein 1; Essential regulator of the ethylene pathway, which acts by regulating the stability of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase (ACS) enzymes. May act as a substrate-specific adapter that connects ACS enzymes, such as ACS5, to ubiquitin ligase complexes, leading to proteasomal degradation of ACS enzymes; Belongs to the ETO1 family. (951 aa) |
| | CPN20 | 20 kDa chaperonin, chloroplastic; Seems to function only as a co-chaperone, along with CPN60, and in certain cases is essential for the discharge of biologically active proteins from CPN60. Required to activate the iron superoxide dismutases (FeSOD). (253 aa) |
| | ERF3 | Ethylene-responsive transcription factor 3; Acts as a transcriptional repressor. Binds to the GCC-box pathogenesis-related promoter element. Involved in the regulation of gene expression by stress factors and by components of stress signal transduction pathways and could also regulate other AtERFs. (225 aa) |
| | ERF4 | Ethylene-responsive transcription factor 4; Acts as a transcriptional repressor. Binds to the GCC-box pathogenesis-related promoter element. Involved in the regulation of gene expression by stress factors and by components of stress signal transduction pathways, and could also regulate other AtERFs. (222 aa) |
| | ANS | Probable 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase ANS; Involved in anthocyanin and protoanthocyanidin biosynthesis by catalyzing the oxidation of leucoanthocyanidins into anthocyanidins. (353 aa) |
| | GGB | Geranylgeranyl transferase type-1 subunit beta; Catalyzes the transfer of a geranyl-geranyl moiety from geranyl-geranyl pyrophosphate to a cysteine at the fourth position from the C-terminus of proteins having the C-terminal sequence Cys- aliphatic-aliphatic-X (CaaX). Seems to exclusively prenylate CaaX substrates with leucine in the terminal position. The beta subunit is responsible for peptide-binding. May negatively regulate abscisic acid (ABA) signaling in guard cells and auxin-induced lateral root initiation. (375 aa) |
| | BBX28 | B-box type zinc finger family protein. (223 aa) |
| | T16L1.220 | Pathogenesis-related protein-like; Belongs to the CRISP family. (172 aa) |
| | ARAC10 | Rac-like GTP-binding protein ARAC10; Involved in local disassembly of cortical microtubules when associated with ICR5 and KIN13A; Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rho family. (215 aa) |
| | PTP1 | Protein-tyrosine-phosphatase PTP1; Protein-tyrosine-phosphatase that dephosphorylates and probably inhibits MPK6 in non-oxidative stress conditions. In association with MKP1, represses salicylic acid (SA) and camalexin biosynthesis, thus modulating defense response. May also repress MPK3. Dephosphorylates and inactivates MPK4 in vitro. (340 aa) |
| | AREP1 | Auxin-responsive endogenous peptide 1; Negative regulator of the auxin response. (40 aa) |
| | ATHB-6 | Homeobox-leucine zipper protein ATHB-6; Transcription activator that may act as growth regulators in response to water deficit. Interacts with the core sequence 5'- CAATTATTA-3' of promoters in response to ABA and in an ABI1-dependent manner. Involved in the negative regulation of the ABA signaling pathway; Belongs to the HD-ZIP homeobox family. Class I subfamily. (311 aa) |
| | ETR1 | Ethylene receptor 1; Ethylene receptor related to bacterial two-component regulators. Acts as a redundant negative regulator of ethylene signaling. In the presence of ethylene, the auto-kinase activity of ETR1 is inhibited and the non- phosphorylated kinase domain binds tightly to the corresponding domain of EIN2. (738 aa) |
| | ABI1 | Protein phosphatase 2C 56; Key component and repressor of the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway that regulates numerous ABA responses, such as stomatal closure, osmotic water permeability of the plasma membrane (Pos), drought-induced resistance and rhizogenesis, response to glucose, high light stress, seed germination and inhibition of vegetative growth. During the stomatal closure regulation, modulates the inward calcium-channel permeability as well as the actin reorganization in guard cells in response to ABA. Involved in the resistance to the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syrin [...] (434 aa) |
| | PP2CA | Protein phosphatase 2C 37; Major negative regulator of abscisic acid (ABA) responses during seed germination and cold acclimation. Confers insensitivity to ABA. Modulates negatively the AKT2/3 activity, which mediates K(+) transport and membrane polarization during stress situations, probably by dephosphorylation. Prevents stomata closure by inactivating the S- type anion efflux channel SLAC1 and its activator SRK2E. Represses KIN10 activity by the specific dephosphorylation of its T-loop Thr-198, leading to a poststress inactivation of SnRK1 signaling. (399 aa) |
| | CDC48A | Cell division control protein 48 homolog A; Probably functions in cell division and growth processes. Interacts with certain SNAREs as part of specialized membrane fusion events where vesicles from the same organelle fuse (homotypic fusion) (By similarity). (809 aa) |
| | CIPK15 | CBL-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 15; CIPK serine-threonine protein kinases interact with CBL proteins. Binding of a CBL protein to the regulatory NAF domain of CIPK protein lead to the activation of the kinase in a calcium-dependent manner. (421 aa) |
| | CLC-D | Chloride channel protein CLC-d; Voltage-gated chloride channel; Belongs to the chloride channel (TC 2.A.49) family. (792 aa) |
| | NPR1 | Regulatory protein NPR1; May act as a substrate-specific adapter of an E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complex (CUL3-RBX1-BTB) which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Key positive regulator of the SA-dependent signaling pathway that negatively regulates JA-dependent signaling pathway. Mediates the binding of TGA factors to the as-1 motif found in the pathogenesis-related PR-1 gene, leading to the transcriptional regulation of the gene defense. Controls the onset of systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Upon SAR induction, [...] (593 aa) |
| | ZFP8 | Zinc finger protein 8; Probable transcription factor required for the initiation of inflorescence trichomes in response to gibberellin and cytokinin. Is not involved in the regulation of trichome branching. Is functionally equivalent to GIS2. Acts as negative regulator of abscisic acid (ABA) signaling during germination and early seedling development. (257 aa) |
| | ERS2 | Ethylene response sensor 2; Ethylene receptor related to bacterial two-component regulators. Acts as a redundant negative regulator of ethylene signaling. (645 aa) |
| | CTR1 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase CTR1; Acts as a negative regulator in the ethylene response pathway. Phosphorylates the cytosolic C-terminal domain of EIN2, preventing the signaling in the absence of ethylene. (821 aa) |
| | PUB30 | U-box domain-containing protein 30; Functions as an E3 ubiquitin ligase. (448 aa) |
| | PP2A2-2 | Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP2A-2 catalytic subunit; Dephosphorylates and activates the actin-depolymerizing factor ADF1, which, in turn, regulates actin cytoskeleton remodeling and is involved in the blue light photoreceptor PHOT2-mediated chloroplast avoidance movements. Associates with the serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP2A regulatory subunits A and B' to positively regulates beta-oxidation of fatty acids and protoauxins in peroxisomes by dephosphorylating peroxisomal beta-oxidation-related proteins. Acts as negative regulator of abscisic acid (ABA) signaling. May r [...] (306 aa) |
| | BBX20 | B-box zinc finger protein 20; Acts as positive regulator of seedling photomorphogenesis. Plays a negative role in brassinosteroid responses. (242 aa) |
| | T6G21.200 | Protein FAF-like, chloroplastic. (463 aa) |
| | ETR2 | Ethylene receptor 2; Ethylene receptor related to bacterial two-component regulators. Acts as a redundant negative regulator of ethylene signaling. (773 aa) |
| | SLK1 | Probable transcriptional regulator SLK1; Probable transcription regulator that functions in the development of the carpel margin meristem similarly to SEUSS (SEU). In association with SEU, supports organ development from meristematic regions by facilitating auxin response and thus organ initiation, and by sustaining meristematic potential through the maintenance of PHABULOSA expression. DNA-binding adapter subunit of the SEU-SLK1 transcriptional corepressor of abiotic stress (e.g. salt and osmotic stress) response genes. (748 aa) |
| | FZL | Probable transmembrane GTPase FZO-like, chloroplastic; Probable membrane-remodeling GTPase that plays a unique role in the in the determination of thylakoid and chloroplast morphology and regulates organization of the thylakoid network. Not involved in the determination of mitochondrial morphology or ultrastructure. Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. Dynamin/Fzo/YdjA family. Mitofusin subfamily. (912 aa) |
| | TPR4 | Topless-related protein 4; Transcription corepressor of Zinc finger transcription factors GAF1/IDD2 and ENY/IDD1 in regulation of gibberellin homeostasis and signaling. (1135 aa) |
| | YY1 | Zinc finger transcription factor YY1; Dual-function transcription factor with both repression and activation activities. Binds to 5'-CCATATT-3' motif in target gene promoters (e.g. ABR1). Binds also to G-rich DNA motif 5'-GGGGGCAGTGG-3'. Regulates the expression of genes involved in diverse cellular pathways, including glucose metabolism, photosynthesis, phototropism and stress response (e.g. salt, drought and osmotic stress). Regulates plant immunity, especially during necrotrophic fungal infection (e.g. B.cinerea). Binds to ABR1 promoter and promotes its expression, thus negatively r [...] (387 aa) |
| | ERS1 | Ethylene response sensor 1; Ethylene receptor related to bacterial two-component regulators. Acts as a redundant negative regulator of ethylene signaling. (613 aa) |
| | AGL15 | Agamous-like MADS-box protein AGL15; Transcription factor involved in the negative regulation of flowering, probably through the photoperiodic pathway. Acts as both an activator and a repressor of transcription. Binds DNA in a sequence- specific manner in large CArG motif 5'-CC (A/T)8 GG-3'. Participates probably in the regulation of programs active during the early stages of embryo development. Prevents premature perianth senescence and abscission, fruits development and seed desiccation. Stimulates the expression of at least DTA4, LEC2, FUS3, ABI3, AT4G38680/CSP2 and GRP2B/CSP4. Can [...] (268 aa) |
| | FTB | Protein farnesyltransferase subunit beta; Catalyzes the transfer of a farnesyl moiety from farnesyl diphosphate to a cysteine at the fourth position from the C-terminus of several proteins having the C-terminal sequence Cys-aliphatic- aliphatic-X (CaaX). The beta subunit is responsible for peptide- binding. (482 aa) |
| | ASK7 | Shaggy-related protein kinase eta; Negative regulator in brassinosteroid signal transduction pathway important for plant growth. May be also involved in auxin signaling pathway. Phosphorylates and increases the degradation of BZR1 and BZR2/BES1 by the proteasome. Phosphorylates BHLH150, beet curly top virus C4 and tomato golden mosaic virus AC4 on threonine and serine residues. Upon brassinosteroid signaling, inhibits stomatal development by phosphorylating and inhibiting the MAPKK kinase YDA and the MAPK kinases MKK4 and MKK5. Phosphorylates BSK1, BSK3, BSK5, BSK6, BSK8 AND BSK11 in v [...] (380 aa) |
| | NAC002 | NAC domain-containing protein 2. (289 aa) |
| | ZFP3 | Zinc finger protein 3; Acts as negative regulator of abscisic acid (ABA) signaling during germination and early seedling development. Involved in the regulation of vegetative development and fertility. Modulates red light signaling in seedling photomorphogenesis. (235 aa) |
| | ZFP4 | Zinc finger protein 4; Acts as negative regulator of abscisic acid (ABA) signaling during germination and early seedling development. (260 aa) |
| | ZFP6 | Zinc finger protein 6; Probable transcription factor required for the initiation of inflorescence trichomes in response to gibberellin and cytokinin. Acts upstream of GIS, GIS2, ZFP8, ZFP5 and the trichome initiation regulators GL1 and GL3. Acts as negative regulator of abscisic acid (ABA) signaling during germination and early seedling development. (197 aa) |
| | ZFP7 | Zinc finger protein 7; Acts as negative regulator of abscisic acid (ABA) signaling during germination and early seedling development. (209 aa) |
| | A_IG005I10.18-2 | Putative F-box/FBD/LRR-repeat protein At4g00315. (441 aa) |
| | AHK5 | Histidine kinase 5; Functions as a histidine kinase and transmits the stress signal to a downstream MAPK cascade. This protein undergoes an ATP- dependent autophosphorylation at a conserved histidine residue in the kinase core, and a phosphoryl group is then transferred to a conserved aspartate residue in the receiver domain. Negative regulator of the ETR1-dependent abscisic acid (ABA) and ethylene signaling pathway that inhibits the root elongation. Promotes stomatal closure. Regulates stomatal opening by integrating multiple signals via hydrogen peroxide H(2)O(2) homeostasis in guard [...] (922 aa) |
| | ZFP1 | Zinc finger protein 1; May play a role in the regulation of shoot development, downstream of photomorphogenic activation (Probable). Acts as negative regulator of abscisic acid (ABA) signaling during germination and early seedling development. (228 aa) |
| | DOR | F-box protein DOR; Component of SCF(ASK-cullin-F-box) E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, which may mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Negative regulator of guard cell abscisic acid (ABA) signaling, especially during drought stress. (387 aa) |
| | GATA21 | GATA transcription factor 21; Transcriptional regulator that specifically binds 5'-GATA-3' or 5'-GAT-3' motifs within gene promoters. Involved in the modulation of chloroplast development, growth and division in a cytokinin-dependent manner. Repressor of the gibberellic acid (GA) signaling pathway that represses flowering and modulates greening, in a SOC1-dependent manner. Prevents the accumulation of SOC1 during flowering. Promotes chlorophyll biosynthesis throughout the plant, by regulating chlorophyll biosynthetic genes (e.g. HEMA1 and GUN4) and chloroplast localized glutamate synth [...] (398 aa) |
| | VQ4 | VQ motif-containing protein 4; Acts as negative regulator of WRKY33 transcription factor activity in the promotion of defense gene expression. Acts as a negative regulator of pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)- induced responses to modulate resistance to pathogens. (247 aa) |
| | SIZ1 | E3 SUMO-protein ligase SIZ1; E3 SUMO protein ligase involved in regulation processes. Mediates SUMO/ attachment to PHR1, a MYB transcriptional activator controlling the phosphate deficiency responses. Functions as an upstream negative regulator of salicylic acid (SA) accumulation and subsequent SA-mediated systemic acquired resistance (SAR) signaling. Probably not involved in jasmonic acid (JA)-mediated defense response. Participates in abiotic stress-induced sumoylation. Controls heat shock-induced SUMO1 and SUMO2 conjugation and facilitates basal thermotolerance. Involved in freezing [...] (884 aa) |
| | ELF6 | Probable lysine-specific demethylase ELF6; Acts probably as a histone 'Lys-4' (H3K4me) demethylase. Involved in transcriptional gene regulation. Acts as a repressor of the photoperiodic flowering pathway and of FT. Binds around the transcription start site of the FT locus. (1340 aa) |
| | AHL25 | AT-hook motif nuclear-localized protein 25; Transcription factor that specifically binds AT-rich DNA sequences related to the nuclear matrix attachment regions (MARs) (By similarity). Binds the DNA sequence GNFEI (GA-negative feedback element I) in the GA3OX1 promoter. Binding to GNFEI sequence is required for GA-negative feedback regulation of GA3OX1. (299 aa) |
| | SAB | Protein SABRE; May be involved in membrane trafficking (By similarity). Required for cell expansion, especially in root cortex, probably by counteracting the action of ethylene in promoting cells radial expansion. Involved in female organ development. Antagonistically interacts with ethylene signaling to regulate plant responses to Pi starvation. (2603 aa) |
| | DWA2 | WD repeat-containing protein DWA2; Component of the CUL4-RBX1-DDB1-DWA1/DWA2 E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complex that acts as negative regulator in abscisic acid (ABA) signaling. May function as the substrate recognition module within this complex leading to ABI5 degradation. Functionally redundant with DWA1. (350 aa) |
| | MYB56 | Transcription factor MYB56; Acts as a cell-specific local repressor of quiescent center (QC) self-renewal by cell divisions in the primary root. Counteracts brassinosteroid (BR)-mediated cell division in the QC cells. Regulates maternally seed size, especially before the heart stage, promoting both endothelial cells expansion and cell number in the outer integument layer of the seed coat. Modulates the expression of genes involved in cell wall metabolism such as cell division and expansion. Negative regulator of flowering via the repression of FT transcription. (323 aa) |
| | EBF2 | EIN3-binding F-box protein 2; Component of SCF(EBF1) E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, which may mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (probably including EIN3 and EIL1). Regulator of the ethylene signaling cascade by modulating the stability of EIN3 and EIL1 proteins. (623 aa) |
| | RGTB1 | Geranylgeranyl transferase type-2 subunit beta 1; Catalyzes the transfer of a geranylgeranyl moiety from geranylgeranyl diphosphate to both cysteines of Rab proteins with the C-terminal sequence -CCXX, CXXX, -XCCX and -XCXC, such as RABA1A, RABA2A, RABF2A and RABG2. Involved in the geranylgeranylation of RABA2A. In vitro, can prenylate PGGTI targets with the C-terminal sequence Cys-aliphatic- aliphatic-X (CaaX) with leucine in the terminal position. Substrates with the C-terminal sequence -CSIL such as ARAC11/ROP1 or GG2/AGG2 are prenylated independently of REP and when the beta subuni [...] (321 aa) |
| | K15N18.17 | Putative NTF2-containing RNA-binding protein. (458 aa) |
| | SHW1 | Protein SHORT HYPOCOTYL IN WHITE LIGHT 1; Negative regulator of photomorphogenesis modulating both light and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathways. Regulates negatively the light- mediated inhibition of hypocotyl elongation, probably in a PHYB- mediated signaling pathway, but promotes flowering time (especially in long days) and lateral root formation. Enhances light-regulated gene expression. Promotes COP1-mediated degradation of HY5 during seedling development (e.g. hypocotyl growth) through enhanced ubiquitination in the darkness. Also involved in root gravitropism. (192 aa) |
| | POL2A | DNA polymerase epsilon catalytic subunit A; DNA polymerase II, which participates in chromosomal DNA replication. Required for the timing and determination of cell fate during plant embryogenesis and root pole development, by promoting cell cycle and cell type patterning. Necessary for proper shoot (SAM) and root apical meristem (RAM) functions. Involved in maintaining epigenetic states, controlling hypersensitive response (HR), and mediating abscisic acid (ABA) signaling. Required for flowering repression through a mechanism involving epigenetic gene silencing. May participate in proc [...] (2161 aa) |
| | IBR5 | Protein-tyrosine-phosphatase IBR5; Required for the transduction of auxin and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathways. Dephosphorylates and inactivates the MAP kinase MPK12. (257 aa) |
| | Q84TK4_ARATH | Uncharacterized protein At3g10930. (101 aa) |
| | BZIP24 | Basic leucine zipper 24; Transcription factor involved in the regulation of salt stress response. Functions as a negative transcriptional regulator of salt stress acclimation response by regulating cation homeostasis. Regulates negatively the expression of genes contributing to ion and osmotic homeostasis during salt stress, such as the Na(+) transporter HKT1, the Na(+)/H(+) antiporter SOS1, the aquaporin PIP2-1 and the glutamine synthetase GLN1-3. In addition, targets genes with functions in plant growth and development, such as argonaute 4 (AGO4) and cyclophilin 19 (CYP19). (227 aa) |
| | JMJ14 | Probable lysine-specific demethylase JMJ14; Transcriptional repressor. Histone demethylase that demethylates 'Lys-4' (H3K4me) of histone H3 with a higher activity for H3K4me3 and H3K4me2 than H3K4me1. No activity on H3K9me3/2, H3K36me3/2 and H3K27me3/2. Represses FT and TSF expression to inhibit the floral transition. Binds around the transcription start site of the FT locus. Involved in the DRM2-mediated maintenance of DNA methylation, but not required for the de novo DNA methylation. Required for demethylating histone H3K4me3 at the target of RNA silencing. Together with NAC051/NAC05 [...] (954 aa) |
| | AHL20 | AT-hook motif nuclear-localized protein 20; Transcription factor that specifically binds AT-rich DNA sequences related to the nuclear matrix attachment regions (MARs) (By similarity). Negatively regulates plant innate immunity (PTI) to pathogens through the down-regulation of the PAMP-triggered NHO1 and FRK1 expression. (281 aa) |
| | RGL2 | DELLA protein RGL2; Probable transcriptional regulator that acts as a repressor of the gibberellin (GA) signaling pathway. No effect of the BOI proteins on its stability. Probably acts by participating in large multiprotein complexes that repress transcription of GA-inducible genes. Upon GA application, it is degraded by the proteasome, allowing the GA signaling pathway. Acts as a major GA-response repressor of seed germination, including seed thermoinhibition. Promotes the biosynthesis of abscisic acid (ABA), especially in seed coats to maintain seed dormancy. Delays flowering and adu [...] (547 aa) |
| | BHLH63 | Transcription factor bHLH63; Transcription factor that binds DNA to G box 5'-CACGTG-3' and, to a lower extent, to E-box 5'-CANNTG-3' in vitro. Binds to chromatin DNA of the FT gene and promotes its expression, and thus triggers flowering in response to blue light. (335 aa) |
| | RIN4 | RPM1-interacting protein 4; Essential regulator of plant defense, which plays a central role in resistance in case of infection by a pathogen. It is a common target for both type III avirulence proteins from P.syringae (AvrB, AvrRpm1 and AvrRpt2) and for the plant Resistance (R) proteins RPM1 and RPS2. In strains carrying the appropriate R gene for avirulence proteins of the pathogen, its association with avirulence proteins triggers a defense system including the hypersensitive response, which limits the spread of disease. In contrast, in plants lacking appropriate R genes, its associ [...] (211 aa) |
| | MYB60 | Transcription factor MYB60; Transcription factor involved in the regulation of gene (e.g. drought-regulated and flavonoid biosynthetic genes) expression and stomatal movements leading to negative regulation of responses to drought and responses to other physiological stimuli (e.g. light). Promotes guard cell deflation in response to water deficit. Triggers root growth upon osmotic stress (e.g. mannitol containing medium). (280 aa) |
| | PIF1 | Transcription factor PIF1; Transcription activator. Regulates negatively chlorophyll biosynthesis and seed germination in the dark, and lightinduced degradation of PIF1 relieves this negative regulation to promote photomorphogenesis. Binds to the G-box motif (5'-CACGTG-3') found in many light-regulated promoters. Promotes the expression of SOM, and thus modulates responses to abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellic acid (GA). (478 aa) |
| | RGS1 | Regulator of G-protein signaling 1; Glucose-regulated GTPase-accelerating protein (GAP) for the GTP-bound self-activating heterotrimeric G alpha protein GPA1. Cooperates with G beta-gamma dimers to maintain an unactivated but fully functional pool of GPA1. Phosphorylation-dependent endocytosis of RGS1 physically uncouples the two proteins, resulting in signal activation. Free AGB1 is essential, but not sufficient, for RGS1 endocytosis. Modulates cell proliferation, abscisic acid (ABA) and drought stress signal transduction by acting in a hexokinase- independent glucose-signaling pathwa [...] (459 aa) |
| | THO6 | THO complex subunit 6; Acts as component of the THO subcomplex of the TREX complex which is thought to couple mRNA transcription, processing and nuclear export. (367 aa) |
| | CSN4 | COP9 signalosome complex subunit 4; Component of the COP9 signalosome complex (CSN), a complex involved in various cellular and developmental processes such as photomorphogenesis and auxin and jasmonate responses. The CSN complex is an essential regulator of the ubiquitin (Ubl) conjugation pathway by mediating the deneddylation of the cullin subunits of SCF-type E3 ligase complexes, leading to decrease the Ubl ligase activity of SCF. It is involved in repression of photomorphogenesis in darkness by regulating the activity of COP1-containing Ubl ligase complexes. The complex is also req [...] (397 aa) |
| | NUP62 | Nuclear pore complex protein NUP62. (739 aa) |
| | P23-1 | Co-chaperone protein p23-1; Acts as a co-chaperone for HSP90. Controls root development through the modulation of auxin distribution in the root meristem ; Belongs to the p23/wos2 family. (241 aa) |
| | Dl4895c | RNA-binding (RRM/RBD/RNP motifs) family protein. (313 aa) |
| | CSN5A | COP9 signalosome complex subunit 5a; Probable protease subunit of the COP9 signalosome complex (CSN), a complex involved in various cellular and developmental processes such as photomorphogenesis and auxin and jasmonate responses. The CSN complex is an essential regulator of the ubiquitin (Ubl) conjugation pathway by mediating the deneddylation of the cullin subunits of the SCF-type E3 ligase complexes, leading to decrease the Ubl ligase activity of SCF. In the complex, it probably acts as the catalytic center that mediates the cleavage of Nedd8 from cullins. It however has no metallop [...] (357 aa) |
| | T16L1.270 | ATP phosphoribosyltransferase regulatory subunit. (203 aa) |
| | ROCK1 | UDP-N-acetylglucosamine transporter ROCK1; Mediates the transport of UDP-linked acetylated hexosamines across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. Facilitates UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) and UDP-N- acetylgalactosamine (UDP-GalNAc) transport. Regulates the cytokinin signal in meristematic cells through modulating activity of cytokinin oxidases/dehydrogenases. Part of the ER quality control system, which determines the fate of aberrant proteins in the secretory pathway. Belongs to the nucleotide-sugar transporter family. CMP- Sialate:CMP antiporter (TC 2.A.7.12) subfamily. (325 aa) |
| | B'THETA | Serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A 57 kDa regulatory subunit B' theta isoform; The B regulatory subunit may modulate substrate selectivity and catalytic activity, and also may direct the localization of the catalytic enzyme to a particular subcellular compartment (By similarity). Associates with the serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP2A catalytic subunit C and regulatory subunit A to positively regulates beta-oxidation of fatty acids and protoauxins in peroxisomes by dephosphorylating peroxisomal beta-oxidation-related proteins. Required for the formation of the PP2A holoenzym [...] (492 aa) |
| | CUL4 | Cullin-4; Component of the CUL4-RBX1-CDD (COP10-DDB1a-DET1) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Participates in the CDD complex to light-mediated control of development. May repress photomorphogenesis through enhancing COP1 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity. Acts together with the CUL4-DDB1-COP1-SPA E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complexes in the repression of photomorphogenesis and flowering time. Component ot the CUL4-RBX1-DDB1-PRL1 E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complex which mediates ubiquit [...] (792 aa) |
| | CPL3 | RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain phosphatase-like 3; Processively dephosphorylates 'Ser-2' and/or 'Ser-5' of the heptad repeats YSPTSPS in the C-terminal domain of the largest RNA polymerase II subunit (RPB1). This promotes the activity of RNA polymerase II (By similarity). Negative regulator of stress gene transcription involved in abscisic acid (ABA) mediated signaling pathway and cold resistance. (1241 aa) |
| | PLS | Peptide POLARIS; Required for correct root growth and vascular development, probably by modulating both cell division rate in meristems and cell elongation in roots. Negative regulator of the ethylene signaling pathway that modulates microtubule cytoskeleton dynamics and auxin transport and homeostasis, and possibly cytokinin signaling, thus influencing root growth and lateral root development. (36 aa) |
| | T10F18.130 | Ascorbate oxidase-like protein; Belongs to the multicopper oxidase family. (573 aa) |
| | B'GAMMA | Serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A 59 kDa regulatory subunit B' gamma isoform; The B regulatory subunit may modulate substrate selectivity and catalytic activity, and also may direct the localization of the catalytic enzyme to a particular subcellular compartment (By similarity). Required for the formation of the PP2A holoenzyme that negatively regulates brassinosteroid signaling by dephosphorylating and inactivating BRI1 in the cytoplasm. Seems to be functionally connected with CPR5 and may mediate the negative regulation of defense reactions and senescence under low irradiances. [...] (522 aa) |
| | T27G7.27 | RecQ-mediated instability-like protein. (137 aa) |
| | SCD1 | DENN domain and WD repeat-containing protein SCD1; Involved in growth and development through its role in cytokinesis and polarized cell expansion. Required for plasma membrane internalization. May function in clathrin-mediated membrane trafficking, including plasma membrane endocytosis, essential to both cytokinesis and cell expansion. Acts as a negative regulator of basal resistance against bacteria. (1187 aa) |
| | AIP2 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase AIP2; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that acts as a negative regulator of abscisic acid (ABA) signaling. Mediates ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of the transcription factor ABI3. (310 aa) |
| | LCMT1 | Leucine carboxyl methyltransferase 1 homolog; Methylates the carboxyl group of the C-terminal leucine residue of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) catalytic subunits to form alpha-leucine ester residues (Probable). Involved in brassinosteroid (BR) signaling. Plays a negative role in BR signaling pathway. Functions as a positive regulator of BRI1 receptor-kinase degradation. Methylates PP2A, thus facilitating its association with activated BRI1. This leads to receptor dephosphorylation and degradation, and thus to the termination of BR signaling. May act upstream of ASK7/BIN2. Involved in m [...] (332 aa) |
| | PSRP2 | 30S ribosomal protein 2, chloroplastic; Component of the chloroplast ribosome (chloro-ribosome), a dedicated translation machinery responsible for the synthesis of chloroplast genome-encoded proteins, including proteins of the transcription and translation machinery and components of the photosynthetic apparatus. May have a role in the recruitment of stored chloroplast mRNAs for active protein synthesis (By similarity). Bind single strand DNA (ssDNA) and RNA in vitro. Exhibits RNA chaperone activity. Regulates negatively resistance responses to abiotic stresses during seed germination [...] (253 aa) |
| | ASR3 | Trihelix transcription factor ASR3; Transcriptional repressor that binds DNA and plays a negative role in regulating microbe-associated molecular patterns-(MAMPs, e.g. flg22, elf18, chitin, and LPS) triggered immunity (PTI) by negatively regulating immune gene expression. (314 aa) |
| | MIEL1 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase MIEL1; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that acts as a regulator of cell death and defense. E3 ubiquitin ligases accept ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates. Attenuates the activation of defense and related cell death responses in the absence of pathogens by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of MYB30. (267 aa) |
| | BEE2 | Transcription factor BEE 2; Positive regulator of brassinosteroid signaling. (304 aa) |
| | PAM16L2 | Mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase subunit PAM16 like 2; Regulates ATP-dependent protein translocation into the mitochondrial matrix (By similarity). Involved in the uptake of thaxtomin, a phytotoxin produced by Streptomyces bacteria, that causes dramatic cell swelling, reduced seedling growth, and inhibition of cellulose synthesis. Modulates polar auxin transport. Involved in importing a negative regulator of plant immunity into mitochondria, thus protecting plants from over-accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and preventing autoimmunity. Confers sensitivity to [...] (116 aa) |
| | ICMTB | Protein-S-isoprenylcysteine O-methyltransferase B; Catalyzes the post-translational methylation of isoprenylated C-terminal cysteine residues, resulting in the modulation of the function of prenylated proteins. Involved in negative regulation of abscisic acid signaling. Carboxyl methylation is a reversible and potentially regulated step in the post-translational modification of prenylated proteins; Belongs to the class VI-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Isoprenylcysteine carboxyl methyltransferase family. (197 aa) |
| | PAM16L1 | Mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase subunit PAM16 like 1; Regulates ATP-dependent protein translocation into the mitochondrial matrix; Belongs to the TIM16/PAM16 family. (113 aa) |
| | CML46 | Probable calcium-binding protein CML46; Potential calcium sensor. (204 aa) |
| | HHP1 | Heptahelical transmembrane protein 1; May act as a negative regulator of abscisic acid (ABA)- mediated osmotic stress signaling and function in cross-talk between cold and osmotic signaling; Belongs to the ADIPOR family. (332 aa) |
| | BAP1 | BON1-associated protein 1; Negative regulator of cell death and defense responses. Exhibits calcium-dependent phospholipid binding properties. (192 aa) |
| | DTX47 | Protein DETOXIFICATION 47, chloroplastic; Functions as a multidrug and toxin extrusion transporter in the export of salicylic acid (SA) from the chloroplast to the cytoplasm. Plays an essential function in plant defense via the pathogen-induced salicylic acid (SA) accumulation. Acts also as a key component of the Age-related resistance (ARR) pathway. (543 aa) |
| | SRT2 | NAD-dependent protein deacylase SRT2; NAD-dependent protein deacylase. Catalyzes the NAD-dependent hydrolysis of acyl groups from lysine residues (By similarity). Negatively regulates plant basal defense against plant pathogens, possibly by suppressing salicylic acid biosynthesis. Belongs to the sirtuin family. Class II subfamily. (373 aa) |
| | SLK2 | Probable transcriptional regulator SLK2; Probable transcription regulator that functions in the development of the carpel margin meristem similarly to SEUSS (SEU). In association with SEU, supports organ development from meristematic regions by facilitating auxin response and thus organ initiation, and by sustaining meristematic potential through the maintenance of PHABULOSA expression. DNA-binding adapter subunit of the SEU-SLK2 transcriptional corepressor of abiotic stress (e.g. salt and osmotic stress) response genes. (816 aa) |
| | ASG2 | Transducin family protein / WD-40 repeat family protein. (757 aa) |
| | T14N5.8 | Protein LAZ1 homolog 1. (484 aa) |
| | GILP | GSH-induced LITAF domain protein; Acts as a membrane anchor, bringing other regulators of programmed cell death (PCD) to the plasma membrane. Negatively regulates hypersensitive cell death; Belongs to the CDIP1/LITAF family. (134 aa) |
| | MYB3R4 | Transcription factor MYB3R-4; Transcription factor that binds 5'-AACGG-3' motifs in gene promoters. Involved in the regulation of cytokinesis, probably via the activation of several G2/M phase-specific genes transcription (e.g. KNOLLE). Required for the maintenance of diploidy. (961 aa) |
| | LECRK55 | L-type lectin-domain containing receptor kinase V.5; Confers resistance to the pathogenic oomycetes Phytophthora infestans and Phytophthora capsici, but confers susceptibility to the pathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas syringae. In the N-terminal section; belongs to the leguminous lectin family. (661 aa) |
| | SPY | Probable UDP-N-acetylglucosamine--peptide N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase SPINDLY; Probable O-linked N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT) involved in various processes such as gibberellin (GA) signaling pathway and circadian clock. OGTs catalyze the addition of nucleotide- activated sugars directly onto the polypeptide through O-glycosidic linkage with the hydroxyl of serine or threonine. Probably acts by adding O-linked sugars to yet unknown proteins. Acts as a repressor of GA signaling pathway to inhibit hypocotyl elongation. Functions with GIGANTEA (GI) in pathways controlling flow [...] (914 aa) |
| | LIF2 | Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein Q; Transcriptional activator that binds DNA on GAGA-like motif and 5'-(C/G)ACGTG(G/T)C(A/G)-3' consensus motif in the promoters of target genes. Component of ribonucleosomes, which are complexes of at least 20 other different heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNP). hnRNP play an important role in processing of precursor mRNA in the nucleus (By similarity). Required during flower development and for cell fate determination. Acts both as an antagonist and as a promoter of polycomb LHP1 gene regulation activity, depending of target genes, [...] (495 aa) |
| | FREE1 | Protein FREE1; Endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) component regulating multivesicular body (MVB) protein sorting and plant growth. Required for the formation of intra- luminal vesicles (ILVs)in MVBs. Binds to phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PI3P) and ubiquitin. Controls IRT1 recycling to the plasma membrane and impacts the polar delivery of this transporter to the outer plasma membrane domain. Regulates ubiquitin-dependent membrane protein degradation, vacuolar transport, autophagy, and vacuole biogenesis. (601 aa) |
| | BIR1 | Probably inactive leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein kinase At5g48380. (620 aa) |
| | TTM2 | Inorganic pyrophosphatase TTM2; Exhibits pyrophosphatase activity with stronger affinity for pyrophosphate (PPi), moderate affinity for ATP and ADP, and weak affinity for tripolyphosphate (PPPi). No activity observed toward uridine substrate. Negative regulator of the salicylic acid (SA)- mediated amplification of defense responses against both virulent and avirulent pathogens, including oomycetes (e.g. H.arabidopsidis) and bacteria (e.g. P.syringae). Represses systemic acquired resistance (SAR). (674 aa) |
| | F23H24.15 | Heavy metal transport/detoxification superfamily protein. (171 aa) |
| | IOS1 | LRR receptor-like serine/threonine-protein kinase IOS1; Regulates negatively the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway. Required for full susceptibility to filamentous (hemi)biotrophic oomycetes (e.g. H.arabidopsidis and P.parasitica) and fungal (e.g. E.cruciferarum) pathogens, probably by triggering the repression of ABA-sensitive COLD REGULATED and RESISTANCE TO DESICCATION genes during infection, but independently of immune responses. Involved in BAK1- dependent and BAK1-independent microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs)-triggered immunity (PTI) leading to defense responses, [...] (894 aa) |
| | RGL1 | DELLA protein RGL1; Probable transcriptional regulator that acts as a repressor of the gibberellin (GA) signaling pathway. No effect of the BOI proteins on its stability. Probably acts by participating in large multiprotein complexes that repress transcription of GA-inducible genes. Has overlapping but distinct roles in GA signaling compared to RGA and GAI. Regulates the floral development. May also participate in seed germination and in ovule and anther development. Its activity is probably regulated by other phytohormones such as auxin and ethylene. (511 aa) |
| | RFC5 | Replication factor C subunit 5; Functions in cell replication and proliferation. May be involved in chromatin assembly and remodeling. Plays a role in the negative control of pathogenesis-related gene expression and systemic acquired resistance (SAR). (369 aa) |
| | MOP10.14 | Probable 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase At5g05600; Involved in anthocyanin and protoanthocyanidin biosynthesis by catalyzing the oxidation of leucoanthocyanidins into anthocyanidins (By similarity). May be involved in the catabolism of cytotoxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Belongs to the iron/ascorbate-dependent oxidoreductase family. (371 aa) |
| | DDA1 | DET1- and DDB1-associated protein 1; Involved in ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Associates with the CDD complex and mediates the recognition of specific substrates for CUL4-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase (CRL4) by interacting with ubiquitination targets. Binds to the abscisic acid (ABA) receptor PYL8 (required for ABA-mediated responses) and promotes its proteasomal degradation. Acts as negative regulator of ABA- mediated developmental responses, including inhibition of seed germination, seedling establishment, and root growth. (101 aa) |
| | ABR1 | Ethylene-responsive transcription factor ABR1; Negative regulator of the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway involved in seed germination and in responses to stress conditions. Probably acts as a transcriptional activator. Binds to the GCC-box pathogenesis-related promoter element. May be involved in the regulation of gene expression by stress factors and by components of stress signal transduction pathways (By similarity); Belongs to the AP2/ERF transcription factor family. ERF subfamily. (391 aa) |
| | SAG113 | Probable protein phosphatase 2C 78; Acts as negative regulator of abscisic acid (ABA) signaling for stomatal closure in leaves, and controls water loss during leaf senescence. Activated by the NAC029/NAP transcription factor during ABA signaling in senescing leaves. Functions as negative regulator of osmotic stress and ABA signaling. Acts as negative regulator of response to drought. Belongs to the PP2C family. (413 aa) |
| | RUG3 | RCC1 domain-containing protein RUG3, mitochondrial; Regulates DNA damage response (DDR) synergistically with ATM. Together with ATM, involved in the splicing of the ND2/NAD2 mRNA. Required for the accumulation of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I. Negative regulator of plant responses to abscisic acid (ABA). May have a pivotal role in vegetative growth and the phase transition from vegetative to reproductive growth. (445 aa) |
| | MRG7.15 | Protein kinase family protein. (691 aa) |
| | LATE | Protein LATE FLOWERING; Acts as a transcriptional repressor. Prevents the photoperiodic and circadian clock-dependent transition to flowering in long days (LD) by repressing the expression of flowering time genes (e.g. FT, GI and CO) in the leaf vasculature, and by interfering with floral meristem identity genes at the apex (e.g. SOC1 and LFY). (173 aa) |
| | CPK28 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase 28; May play a role in signal transduction pathways that involve calcium as a second messenger (Probable). Acts as developmentally controlled regulator for coordinated stem elongation and vascular development. Acts as key component which contributes to the developmental switch that establishes the transition from vegetative to reproductive growth. Involved in pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity (PTI) signaling. Interacts with and phosphorylates the kinase BIK1, a central rate-limiting kinase in PTI signaling. Facilitates BIK1 [...] (523 aa) |
| | MYB29 | Transcription factor MYB29; Plays a minor rheostat role in aliphatic glucosinolates (GLSs) biosynthesis, mostly short chained. Together with MYB28/HAG1 and MYB76/HAG2, promotes aliphatic glucosinolate biosynthesis but represses indolic glucosinolate biosynthesis. Prevents insect performance (e.g. lepidopteran insect Mamestra brassicae) by promoting glucosinolates. (336 aa) |
| | PM-ANT | Probable ADP,ATP carrier protein At5g56450; Catalyzes the exchange of ADP and ATP across the membrane. Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family. (330 aa) |
| | ICMTA | Protein-S-isoprenylcysteine O-methyltransferase A; Catalyzes the post-translational methylation of isoprenylated C-terminal cysteine residues, resulting in the modulation of the function of prenylated proteins. Involved in negative regulation of abscisic acid signaling. Carboxyl methylation is a reversible and potentially regulated step in the post-translational modification of prenylated proteins. Belongs to the class VI-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Isoprenylcysteine carboxyl methyltransferase family. (197 aa) |
| | SRM1 | Transcription factor SRM1; Transcription activator that coordinates abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis and signaling-related genes via binding to the specific promoter motif 5'-(A/T)AACCAT-3'. Represses ABA-mediated salt (e.g. NaCl and KCl) stress tolerance. Regulates leaf shape and promotes vegetative growth. (298 aa) |
| | AGL31 | Agamous-like MADS-box protein AGL31; Probable transcription factor that prevents vernalization by short periods of cold. Acts as a floral repressor. (196 aa) |
| | EDR1 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase EDR1; MAPKKK serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in the regulation of a MAP kinase cascade (probably including MPK3 and MPK6) that negatively regulates salicylic acid- (SA-) dependent defense responses, abscisic acid (ABA) signaling, and ethylene-induced senescence. Modulates also stress response (e.g. drought) signaling and cell death, in an ORE9-dependent manner. Functions at a point of cross talk between ethylene, ABA and SA signaling that impinges on senescence and cell death. On the other hand, it confers sensitivity to various pathogens such a [...] (933 aa) |
| | TOR | Serine/threonine-protein kinase TOR; Essential cell growth regulator that controls development from early embryo to seed production. Controls plant growth in environmental stress conditions. Acts through the phosphorylation of downstream effectors that are recruited by the binding partner RAPTOR. Acts by activating transcription, protein synthesis and ribosome biogenesis, and inhibiting mRNA degradation and autophagy. Can phosphorylate TAP46, a regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A that modulates cell growth and survival. Involved in modulating the transition from heterotrophic [...] (2481 aa) |
| | GSTU17 | Glutathione S-transferase U17; Involved in light signaling, mainly phyA-mediated photomorphogenesis and in the integration of various phytohormone signals to modulate various aspects of plant development by affecting glutathione pools. In vitro, possesses glutathione S-transferase activity toward 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) and benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC). (227 aa) |
| | CSN5B | COP9 signalosome complex subunit 5b; Probable protease subunit of the COP9 signalosome complex (CSN), a complex involved in various cellular and developmental processes such as photomorphogenesis and auxin and jasmonate responses. The CSN complex is an essential regulator of the ubiquitin (Ubl) conjugation pathway by mediating the deneddylation of the cullin subunits of the SCF-type E3 ligase complexes, leading to decrease the Ubl ligase activity of SCF. In the complex, it probably acts as the catalytic center that mediates the cleavage of Nedd8 from cullins. It however has no metallop [...] (358 aa) |
| | HRS1 | Transcription factor HRS1; Transcription factor involved in nitrate and phosphate signaling in roots. Integrates nitrate and phosphate starvation responses and adaptation of root architecture depending on nutrient availabilities. Acts downstream of the nitrate sensor and transporter NPF6.3/NRT1.1. Represses primary root development in response to phosphate deficiency conditions, only when nitrate is present. Involved in the modulation of primary root and root hair growth in phosphate-deprived environement. May be required for suppressing abscisic acid (ABA) signaling in germinating emb [...] (344 aa) |
| | PUP14 | Purine permease 14; Purine permease implicated in ATP-dependent cytokinin translocation that controls the spatiotemporal landscape of cytokinin signaling. Depletes ligands from the apoplast, which leads to a suppression of the cytokinin response. (393 aa) |
| | KEG | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase KEG; Mediates E2-dependent protein ubiquitination. Acts as a negative regulator of abscisic acid signaling. Required for ABI5 degradation, by mediating its ubiquitination. Together with EDR1, may regulate endocytic trafficking and/or the formation of signaling complexes on trans-Golgi network (TGN)/ early endosome (EE) vesicles during stress responses. (1625 aa) |
| | T30N20.240 | C2H2 and C2HC zinc fingers superfamily protein. (272 aa) |
| | RGL3 | DELLA protein RGL3; Probable transcriptional regulator that acts as a repressor of the gibberellin (GA) signaling pathway. No effect of the BOI proteins on its stability. Probably acts by participating in large multiprotein complexes that repress transcription of GA-inducible genes. Its activity may be regulated by phytohormones such as auxin and ethylene (By similarity); Belongs to the GRAS family. DELLA subfamily. (523 aa) |
| | BPA1 | Binding partner of ACD11 1. (259 aa) |
| | F2I11_200 | Pentatricopeptide repeat-containing protein At5g11310, mitochondrial. (602 aa) |
| | PP2C38 | Probable protein phosphatase 2C 38; Involved in pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)- triggered immunity (PTI) signaling. Negatively regulates immune responses by controlling the phosphorylation and activation status of BIK1, a central rate-limiting kinase in PTI signaling. Impairs the phosphorylation of the NADPH oxidase RBOHD by BIK1. (385 aa) |
| | COL12 | Zinc finger protein CONSTANS-LIKE 12; Belongs to the CONSTANS family. (364 aa) |
| | ATL62 | Putative RING-H2 finger protein ATL62; Belongs to the RING-type zinc finger family. ATL subfamily. (141 aa) |
| | UGT71C3 | UDP-glycosyltransferase 71C3; Possesses low quercetin 3-O-glucosyltransferase activity in vitro. (476 aa) |
| | F7H2.1 | F-box/kelch-repeat protein At1g15670. (359 aa) |
| | PAPS1 | Nuclear poly(A) polymerase 1; Essential protein. Polymerase that creates the 3'-poly(A) tail of mRNA's. Also required for the endoribonucleolytic cleavage reaction at some polyadenylation sites. May acquire specificity through interaction with a cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF) at its C-terminus (By similarity). (713 aa) |
| | CRSP | CO(2)-response secreted protease; Mediates CO(2)-controlled stomatal development by cleaving peptide EPF2 (AC Q8LC53). Not active on peptides EPF1 (AC Q8S8I4) or stomagen (AC Q9SV72). (769 aa) |
| | AIP1 | Protein phosphatase 2C 3; Involved in the negative regulation of the K(+) potassium channel AKT1 by its dephosphorylation, antagonistically to CIPK proteins (e.g. CIPK23). Functions as positive regulator of abscisic acid-mediated cell signaling during seedling growth. Involved in the regulation of seed dormancy. Acts as negative regulator of seed dormancy by inhibiting abscisic signaling and subsequently activating gibberellic acid signaling ; Belongs to the PP2C family. (442 aa) |
| | GAI | DELLA protein GAI; Transcriptional regulator that acts as a repressor of the gibberellin (GA) signaling pathway. Transcription coactivator of the zinc finger transcription factors GAF1/IDD2 and ENY/IDD1 in regulation of gibberellin homeostasis and signaling. No effect of the BOI proteins on its stability. Probably acts by participating in large multiprotein complexes that repress transcription of GA-inducible genes. Positively regulates XERICO expression. In contrast to RGA, it is less sensitive to GA. Its activity is probably regulated by other phytohormones such as auxin and ethylene [...] (533 aa) |
| | BIR2 | Inactive LRR receptor-like serine/threonine-protein kinase BIR2; Pseudokinases lacking protein kinase activity and unable to bind ATP-analogs. Negative regulator of pathogen- associated molecular patterns- (PAMP-) triggered immunity by limiting BAK1-receptor complex formation in the absence of ligands. (605 aa) |
| | SKIP14 | F-box protein SKIP14; Component of SCF(ASK-cullin-F-box) E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, which may mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. (453 aa) |
| | LOX5 | Linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 5; 9S-lipoxygenase that can use linoleic acid or linolenic acid as substrates. Plant lipoxygenases may be involved in a number of diverse aspects of plant physiology including growth and development, pest resistance, and senescence or responses to wounding. Catalyzes the hydroperoxidation of lipids containing a cis,cis-1,4-pentadiene structure. Function as regulators of root development by controlling the emergence of lateral roots. (886 aa) |
| | EOL2 | ETO1-like protein 2; Potential regulator of the ethylene pathway, which acts by regulating the stability of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase (ACS) enzymes. May act as a substrate-specific adapter that connects ACS enzymes, such as ACS5, to ubiquitin ligase complexes, leading to proteasomal degradation of ACS enzymes (By similarity); Belongs to the ETO1 family. (925 aa) |
| | B'ZETA | Serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A 59 kDa regulatory subunit B' zeta isoform; The B regulatory subunit may modulate substrate selectivity and catalytic activity, and also may direct the localization of the catalytic enzyme to a particular subcellular compartment (By similarity). The holoenzyme composed of PP2AA1, PP2A4 and B'ZETA acts as negative regulator of plant innate immunity by controlling BAK1 phosphorylation state and activation in surface-localized immune receptor complexes. Required for the formation of the PP2A holoenzyme that negatively regulates brassinosteroid signal [...] (546 aa) |
| | FTA | Protein farnesyltransferase/geranylgeranyltransferase type-1 subunit alpha; Essential subunit of both the farnesyltransferase and the geranylgeranyltransferase complex. Contributes to the transfer of a farnesyl or geranylgeranyl moiety from farnesyl or geranylgeranyl diphosphate to a cysteine at the fourth position from the C-terminus of several proteins having the C-terminal sequence Cys-aliphatic- aliphatic-X. (326 aa) |
| | JRG21 | Probable 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase JRG21; Involved in anthocyanin and protoanthocyanidin biosynthesis by catalyzing the oxidation of leucoanthocyanidins into anthocyanidins. (363 aa) |
| | RGLG2 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RGLG2; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates the formation of 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin chains. Regulates apical dominance by acting on the auxin transport proteins abundance. Mediates ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of ERF053 in response to drought stress. Acts as a negative regulator of drought stress response. (468 aa) |
| | SKIP20 | F-box/kelch-repeat protein SKIP20; Component of SCF(ASK-cullin-F-box) E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, which may mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. (418 aa) |
| | AGL18 | Agamous-like MADS-box protein AGL18; Probable transcription factor involved in the negative regulation of flowering, probably through the photoperiodic pathway. Prevents premature flowering. Downstream regulator of a subset of the MIKC* MADS-controlled genes required during pollen maturation. (256 aa) |
| | AHL15 | AT-hook motif nuclear-localized protein 15; Transcription factor that specifically binds AT-rich DNA sequences related to the nuclear matrix attachment regions (MARs) (By similarity). Binds the DNA sequence GNFEI (GA-negative feedback element I) in the GA3OX1 promoter. Negatively regulates plant innate immunity (PTI) to pathogens through the down-regulation of the PAMP-triggered FRK1 expression. (310 aa) |
| | DSPTP1B | Dual specificity protein phosphatase 1B; Has a dual specificity toward Ser/Thr and Tyr-containing proteins. Prevents biotic and abiotic stress responses, including ozone, oxidative stress and pathogen attacks; represses MAPK activities during hypersensitive response to limit the spread of the HR response after infection by necrotrophic pathogen such as Botrytis cinerea. May be also involved in ABA and salt responses. Dephosphorylates MPK3 and MPK6. (167 aa) |
| | T21F11.23 | F-box/kelch-repeat protein At1g80440. (354 aa) |
| | VQ9 | VQ motif-containing protein 9; Functions as a negative regulator of salt stress response. Functions as repressor of WRKY8 transcription factor by decreasing the DNA-binding activity of WRKY8 and acts antagonistically with WRKY8 to regulate sodium and potassium homeostasis under salt stress. (311 aa) |
| | PAD4 | Lipase-like PAD4; Probable lipase required downstream of MPK4 for accumulation of the plant defense-potentiating molecule, salicylic acid, thus contributing to the plant innate immunity against invasive biotrophic pathogens and to defense mechanisms upon recognition of microbe- associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Participates in the regulation of various molecular and physiological processes that influence fitness. Together with SG101, required for programmed cell death (PCD) triggered by NBS-LRR resistance proteins (e.g. RPS4, RPW8.1 and RPW8.2) in response to the fungal toxin fumo [...] (541 aa) |
| | PKL | CHD3-type chromatin-remodeling factor PICKLE; Chromatin remodeling factor that represses the expression of embryonic trait genes (such as NFYB9/LEC1) upon and after seed germination and thus enables the developmental switch to post- germinative growth. Silences some MADS-box proteins such as PHE1 and PHE2. Plays a role during carpel differentiation. Regulates late processes in cytokinin signaling. (1384 aa) |
| | AHL27 | AT-hook motif nuclear-localized protein 27; Transcription factor that specifically binds AT-rich DNA sequences related to the nuclear matrix attachment regions (MARs). Negatively regulates plant innate immunity (PTI) to pathogens through the down-regulation of the PAMP- triggered FRK1 expression. Acts redundantly with AHL18, AHL22 and AHL29 in the regulation of flowering and regulation of the hypocotyl elongation. Acts as a chromatin remodeling factor that negatively regulates the leaf senescence. Acts redundantly with AHL29/SOB3 to modulate hypocotyl growth inhibition in response to light. (311 aa) |
| | MYB3R1 | Transcription factor MYB3R-1; Transcription factor that binds 5'-AACGG-3' motifs in gene promoters. Transcription activator involved in the regulation of cytokinesis, probably via the activation of several G2/M phase-specific genes transcription (e.g. KNOLLE). Transcription repressor that regulates organ growth. Binds to the promoters of G2/M-specific genes and to E2F target genes to prevent their expression in post-mitotic cells and to restrict the time window of their expression in proliferating cells. Required for the maintenance of diploidy. (776 aa) |
| | ICS1 | Isochorismate synthase 1, chloroplastic; Involved in the synthesis of salicylic acid (SA) required for both local and systemic acquired resistance (LAR and SAR) while SA synthesized through the phenylalanine ammonium lyase (PAL) pathway seems to potentiate plant cell death. Also involved in phylloquinone (vitamin K1) synthesis. Has no isochorismate pyruvate lyase (IPL) activity. (569 aa) |
| | AFP4 | Ninja-family protein AFP4; Acts as a negative regulator of abscisic acid (ABA) and salinity responses; Belongs to the Ninja family. (319 aa) |
| | EIN2 | Ethylene-insensitive protein 2; Central factor in signaling pathways regulated by ethylene (ET), and involved in various processes including development, plant defense, senescence, nucleotide sugar flux, and tropisms. Necessary for ethylene-mediated gene regulation, and for the induction of some genes by ozone. Acts downstream of ET receptors, and upstream of ethylene regulated transcription factors. Required for cytokinin-mediated processes. Seems to be implicated in cross-talk between ET, jasmonate and other pathways. Probably not involved in iron uptake. Has a short half-life and un [...] (1294 aa) |
| | YchF1 | Obg-like ATPase 1; Hydrolyzes ATP, and can also hydrolyze GTP with lower efficiency. Has lower affinity for GTP (Potential). Exhibits GTPase activity (By similarity). Confers sensitivity to salinity stress by suppressing the anti-oxidation enzymatic activities and increasing lipid peroxidation thus leading to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Acts as negative regulator of disease resistance against bacterial pathogen. (394 aa) |
| | MYB30 | Transcription factor MYB30; Transcription factor that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-AACAAAC-3'. Acts as a positive regulator of hypersensitive cell death. Acts as a positive regulator of salicylic acid synthesis. Regulates very-long-chain fatty acid biosynthesis. Acts cooperatively with BZR2 to promote expression of a subset of brassinosteroids target genes. Transcriptional activity and hypersensitive response control negatively regulated by PLA2-ALPHA and by the Xanthomonas type III effector XopD (AC G9L9K6). Involved in the regulation of abscisic acid (ABA) signaling. Inc [...] (323 aa) |
| | FER | Receptor-like protein kinase FERONIA; Receptor-like protein kinase that mediates the female control of male gamete delivery during fertilization, including growth cessation of compatible pollen tubes ensuring a reproductive isolation barriers, by regulating MLO7 subcellular polarization upon pollen tube perception in the female gametophyte synergids. Required for cell elongation during vegetative growth, mostly in a brassinosteroids- (BR-) independent manner. Acts as an upstream regulator for the Rac/Rop-signaling pathway that controls ROS-mediated root hair development. Seems to regul [...] (895 aa) |
| | CDF5 | Cyclic dof factor 5; Transcription factor that binds specifically to a 5'-AA[AG]G- 3' consensus core sequence (By similarity). Regulates a photoperiodic flowering response. Transcriptional repressor of 'CONSTANS' expression. (399 aa) |
| | PI4KG2 | Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase gamma 2; The phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol (PI) to PI4P is the first committed step in the generation of phosphatidylinositol 4,5- bisphosphate (PIP2), a precursor of the second messenger inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3); Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family. Type II PI4K subfamily. (550 aa) |
| | BBX25 | B-box zinc finger protein 25; Acts as negative regulator of seedling photomorphogenesis. BBX25/STH and BBX24/STO function as transcriptional corepressors of HY5 activity, leading to the down-regulation of BBX22 expression. BBX25/STH acts additively with BBX24/STO during de- etiolation and the hypocotyl shade avoidance response. (238 aa) |
| | BBX18 | B-box zinc finger protein 18; Acts as negative regulator of seedling photomorphogenesis. Acts as a negative regulator of blue light-mediated inhibition of hypocotyl elongation through increase of bioactive gibberellin levels. Acts as a repressor of thermotolerance by modulating expression of a set of heat shock- responsive genes. (172 aa) |
| | RIN13 | RPM1 interacting protein 13. (430 aa) |
| | EBF1 | EIN3-binding F-box protein 1; Component of SCF(EBF1) E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, which may mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (probably including EIN3 and EIL1). Regulator of the ethylene signaling cascade by modulating the stability of EIN3 and EIL1 proteins. Confers insensitivity to ethylene. (628 aa) |
| | RGA | DELLA protein RGA; Probable transcriptional regulator that acts as a repressor of the gibberellin (GA) signaling pathway. Probably acts by participating in large multiprotein complexes that repress transcription of GA-inducible genes. Positively regulates XERICO expression in seeds. Upon GA application, it is degraded by the proteasome, allowing the GA signaling pathway. Compared to other DELLA proteins, it is the most sensitive to GA application. No effect of the BOI proteins on its stability. Its activity is probably regulated by other phytohormones such as auxin and ethylene, attenu [...] (587 aa) |
| | PUB13 | U-box domain-containing protein 13; Functions as an E3 ubiquitin ligase. (660 aa) |
| | PIN6 | Auxin efflux carrier component 6; Component of the intracellular auxin-transport pathway. Regulates auxin transport and auxin homeostasis. Directly involved in the regulation of nectar production. Involved in unfolded protein response (UPR) activation. Involved in the control of vein patterning. Redundantly with PIN8, inhibits the vein-formation-promoting functions of PIN5. PIN5, PIN6, and PIN8 control vein network geometry, but they are expressed in mutually exclusive domains of leaf vascular cells. Belongs to the auxin efflux carrier (TC 2.A.69.1) family. (570 aa) |
| | T11I18.5 | Protein kinase family protein. (701 aa) |
| | AHL19 | AT-hook motif nuclear-localized protein 19; Transcription factor that specifically binds AT-rich DNA sequences related to the nuclear matrix attachment regions (MARs) (By similarity). Negatively regulates plant innate immunity (PTI) to pathogens through the down-regulation of the PAMP-triggered FRK1 expression. Positively regulates defense against fungal Verticillium infection. (315 aa) |
| | BGLU23 | Beta-glucosidase 23; Beta-D-glucosidase active on scopolin > esculin >> 4-MU- glucoside >> DIMBOA-glucoside. No activity with pNP-glucoside, oNP- glucoside and sinigrin as substrates. May possess beta-D-fucosidase activity. Required for the beneficial interaction with the endophytic fungus P.indica. May participate in the control of root colonization by P.indica by repressing defense responses and modulating other responses required for a mutualistic interaction. (524 aa) |
| | F11B9.11 | Probable 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase At3g111800; Involved in anthocyanin and protoanthocyanidin biosynthesis by catalyzing the oxidation of leucoanthocyanidins into anthocyanidins. Belongs to the iron/ascorbate-dependent oxidoreductase family. (400 aa) |
| | RGLG1 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RGLG1; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates the formation of 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin chains. Regulates apical dominance by acting on the auxin transport proteins abundance. Together with RGLG5, mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of the target protein PP2CA. Functions as positive regulator of abscisic acid (ABA) signaling through ABA-dependent degradation of PP2CA, a major inhibitor of ABA signaling. Acts as a negative regulator of drought stress response. (489 aa) |
| | COL9 | Zinc finger protein CONSTANS-LIKE 9; Belongs to the CONSTANS family. (372 aa) |
| | CPR1 | F-box protein CPR1; Component of SCF(ASK-cullin-F-box) E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, which may mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Regulates negatively both salicylic acid (SA)-dependent and SA-independent defense signaling. (413 aa) |
| | ARAC8 | Rac-like GTP-binding protein ARAC8; Acts as a negative regulator of abscisic acid (ABA) responses; Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rho family. (208 aa) |
| | SNI1 | Negative regulator of systemic acquired resistance SNI1; Component of the SMC5-SMC6 complex, a complex involved in repair of DNA double-strand breaks by homologous recombination. Transcription repressor that prevents expression of pathogenesis-related genes (PR) via histone modifications and binding negative cis-acting elements at their promoters. Negative regulator of hypersensitive response (HR) and systemic acquired resistance (SAR) required to dampen the basal expression of pathogenesis related (PR) genes. Functions synergistically with NTL9/CBNAC as negative regulator of pathogen- [...] (432 aa) |
| | MLO2 | MLO-like protein 2; May be involved in modulation of pathogen defense and leaf cell death. Activity seems to be regulated by Ca(2+)-dependent calmodulin binding and seems not to require heterotrimeric G proteins (By similarity); Belongs to the MLO family. (573 aa) |
| | GLIP2 | GDSL esterase/lipase 2; Involved in the resistance to the necrotropic bacteria Erwinia carotovora, probably via negative regulation of auxin signaling. Possesses lipase and antimicrobial activities, inhibiting germination of fungal spores (e.g. Alternaria brassicicola). (376 aa) |
| | SPA1 | Protein SUPPRESSOR OF PHYA-105 1; Controls normal photoperiodic flowering and regulates circadian rhythms. Required for suppression of photomorphogenesis in dark-grown seedlings and for normal elongation growth of adult plants. Integral component of the COP1/SPA E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex. Involved in HY5, HFR1, LAF1 and CO degradation. (1029 aa) |
| | FLDH | NAD(P)-binding Rossmann-fold superfamily protein. (344 aa) |
| | DTX51 | Protein DETOXIFICATION 51; Functions as a multidrug and toxin extrusion transporter that negatively regulates plant disease resistance. Plays an important role in maintaining normal plant architecture, possibly by regulating local auxin biosynthesis. May act as a negative regulator of hypocotyl cell elongation in the light. (532 aa) |
| | PEP | RNA-binding KH domain-containing protein PEPPER; Regulates vegetative and gynoecium development. In concert with HUA2, antagonizes FLK by positively regulating FLC probably at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, and thus acts as a negative regulator of flowering. (495 aa) |
| | GATA22 | Putative GATA transcription factor 22; Transcriptional regulator that specifically binds 5'-GATA-3' or 5'-GAT-3' motifs within gene promoters. Involved in the modulation of chloroplast development, growth and division in a cytokinin-dependent manner. Repressor of the gibberellic acid (GA) signaling pathway that regulates flowering and modulates greening, in a SOC1-dependent manner. Prevents the accumulation of SOC1 during flowering. Promotes chlorophyll biosynthesis throughout the plant, by regulating chlorophyll biosynthetic genes (e.g. HEMA1 and GUN4) and chloroplast localized glutam [...] (352 aa) |
| | SHI | Protein SHORT INTERNODES; Transcription activator that binds DNA on 5'-ACTCTAC-3' and promotes auxin homeostasis-regulating gene expression (e.g. YUC genes), as well as genes affecting stamen development, cell expansion and timing of flowering. Synergistically with other SHI-related proteins, regulates gynoecium, stamen and leaf development in a dose-dependent manner, controlling apical-basal patterning. Promotes style and stigma formation, and influences vascular development during gynoecium development. May also have a role in the formation and/or maintenance of the shoot apical meri [...] (331 aa) |
| | WRKY4 | Probable WRKY transcription factor 4; Transcription factor that binds specifically to the W box (5'-(T)TGAC[CT]-3'), a frequently occurring elicitor-responsive cis- acting element. Has a positive role in resistance to necrotrophic pathogens (e.g. Botrytis cinerea), but a negative effect on plant resistance to biotrophic pathogens (e.g. Pseudomonas syringae). (514 aa) |
| | ABCG36 | ABC transporter G family member 36; Key factor that controls the extent of cell death in the defense response. Necessary for both callose deposition and glucosinolate activation in response to pathogens. Required for limiting invasion by nonadapted powdery mildews. Confers resistance to cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), probably as an efflux pump of Cd2+ or Cd conjugates, and possibly, of chemicals that mediate pathogen resistance. (1469 aa) |
| | NTL8 | NAC domain-containing protein 40; Transcriptional activator activated by proteolytic cleavage through regulated intramembrane proteolysis (RIP), probably via metalloprotease activity. Regulates gibberellic acid-mediated salt- responsive repression of seed germination and flowering via FT, thus delaying seed germination under high salinity conditions. (335 aa) |
| | EFM | Myb family transcription factor EFM; Transcription factor acting as a flowering repressor, directly repressing FT expression in a dosage-dependent manner in the leaf vasculature. (432 aa) |
| | EOL1 | ETO1-like protein 1; Possible regulator of the ethylene pathway, which acts by regulating the stability of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase (ACS) enzymes. May act as a substrate-specific adapter that connects ACS enzymes, such as ACS5, to ubiquitin ligase complexes, leading to proteasomal degradation of ACS enzymes (By similarity). (888 aa) |
| | DSPTP1 | Dual specificity protein phosphatase 1; Has a dual specificity toward Ser/Thr and Tyr-containing proteins. Dephosphorylates MPK4 in vitro. (198 aa) |
| | SYP121 | Syntaxin-121; Vesicle trafficking protein that functions in the secretory pathway; Belongs to the syntaxin family. (346 aa) |
| | EIN4 | Protein EIN4; Ethylene receptor related to bacterial two-component regulators. Acts as a redundant negative regulator of ethylene signaling. (766 aa) |
| | F3P11.14 | Transducin family protein / WD-40 repeat family protein. (469 aa) |
| | T23K23.20 | RNA-binding (RRM/RBD/RNP motifs) family protein. (279 aa) |
| | IAN9 | Immune-associated nucleotide-binding protein 9. (342 aa) |
| | CBP60A | Calmodulin-binding protein 60 A; Transcription activator that binds DNA in a sequence-specific manner, likely 5'-GAAATTTTGG-3', to promote the expression of target genes. (494 aa) |
| | BBX19 | B-box zinc finger protein 19; Acts as negative regulator of seedling photomorphogenesis. (183 aa) |
