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| | REF6 | Lysine-specific demethylase REF6; Histone demethylase that demethylates 'Lys-27' (H3K27me) of histone H3. Demethylates both tri- (H3K27me3) and di-methylated (H3K27me2) H3K27me. Demethylates also H3K4me3/2 and H3K36me3/2 in an in vitro assay. Involved in the transcriptional regulation of hundreds of genes regulating developmental patterning and responses to various stimuli. Binds DNA via its four zinc fingers in a sequence- specific manner, 5'-CTCTGYTY-3', to promote the demethylation of H3K27me3 and the regulation of organ boundary formation. Involved in the regulation of flowering ti [...] (1360 aa) |
| | NAC016 | NAC domain-containing protein 16; Transcriptional activator activated by proteolytic cleavage through regulated intramembrane proteolysis (RIP) (By similarity). Transcriptional activator that promotes leaf senescence by up- regulating senescence-associated genes in response to developmental and stress-induced senescence signals. Functions in salt and oxidative stress-responsive signaling pathways. Binds to the promoter of NAC029/NAP and NAC059/ORS1 genes. (564 aa) |
| | BTAF1 | TATA-binding protein-associated factor BTAF1; Involved in meristem development. Acts as positive regulator of the CUC-STM pathway in shoot apical meristem (SAM) neo-formation. Belongs to the helicase family. (2045 aa) |
| | QKY | Protein QUIRKY; May be involved in Ca 2(+)-dependent signaling and membrane trafficking. Plays a role in fruit dehiscence (Probable). Components of the machinery involved in organ development mediated by the receptor- like kinase STRUBBELIG (SUB). Belongs to the MCTP family. (1081 aa) |
| | SPI | Protein SPIRRIG; Involved in cell morphogenesis. May have a function in membrane fusion or membrane composition. Required for salt stress tolerance. Regulates the salt stress-dependent post-transcriptional stabilization, cytoplasmic agglomeration, and localization to P-bodies of a subset of salt stress- regulated mRNAs. (3601 aa) |
| | SHW1 | Protein SHORT HYPOCOTYL IN WHITE LIGHT 1; Negative regulator of photomorphogenesis modulating both light and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathways. Regulates negatively the light- mediated inhibition of hypocotyl elongation, probably in a PHYB- mediated signaling pathway, but promotes flowering time (especially in long days) and lateral root formation. Enhances light-regulated gene expression. Promotes COP1-mediated degradation of HY5 during seedling development (e.g. hypocotyl growth) through enhanced ubiquitination in the darkness. Also involved in root gravitropism. (192 aa) |
| | MYB88 | Transcription factor MYB88; Transcription factor that binds to DNA in promoters cis- regulatory element 5'-GGCGCGC-3' of cell cycle genes, including cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), and components of the pre- replication complex. Binds to DNA in promoters cis-regulatory element 5'-AGCCG-3' of auxin regulated genes (e.g. PIN3 and PIN7). Together with FAMA and MYB124, ensures that stomata contain just two guard cells (GCs) by enforcing a single symmetric precursor cell division before stomatal maturity. Represses the expression of the mitosis-inducing factors CDKB1-1 and CDKA-1, [...] (484 aa) |
| | EDM2 | Protein ENHANCED DOWNY MILDEW 2; Cellular antisilencing factor and regulator of genome DNA methylation patterns involved in the regulation of chromatin states. Together with SUVH4, monitors repressive epigenetic marks H3K27me1, H3K9me2, and prevents DNA-methylation at CHG sites, affecting especially the expression of transposons and developmentally important genes. Regulates alternative RNA processing such as distal 3' polyadenylation by intronic heterochromatin. Transcription factor that binds DNA and contributes to transcriptional transposable element (TE) silencing by modulating lev [...] (1297 aa) |
| | HEN4 | KH domain-containing protein HEN4; Functions in floral reproductive organ identity in the third whorl and floral determinacy specification by specifically promoting the processing of AGAMOUS (AG) pre-mRNA. Functions in association with HUA1 and HUA2. (857 aa) |
| | CPC | Transcription factor CPC; Transcription factor. Determines the fate of epidermal cell differentiation. Represses trichome development by lateral inhibition. Together with GL3 or BHLH2, promotes the formation of hair developing cells (H position) in root epidermis, probably by inhibiting non-hair cell formation. Represses the expression of GL2 and WER in H cells. Positively regulates stomatal formation in the hypocotyl. (94 aa) |
| | SAUR36 | Auxin-responsive protein SAUR36; Acts a positive regulator of leaf senescence and may mediate auxin-induced leaf senescence. Plays a role in the regulation of seed germination by gibberellins and abscisic acid (ABA). Plays a role in the regulation of light-dependent hypocotyl elongation ; Belongs to the ARG7 family. (162 aa) |
| | HDA19 | Histone deacetylase 19; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes. HDA19 is involved in jasmonic acid and ethylene signaling of pathogen response. Part of a repressor complex including APETALA2 (AP2) and TOPLESS (TPL) that control the expression domains of numerous flora [...] (501 aa) |
| | BRI1 | Protein BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1; Receptor with a dual specificity kinase activity acting on both serine/threonine- and tyrosine-containing substrates. Regulates, in response to brassinosteroid binding, a signaling cascade involved in plant development, including expression of light- and stress-regulated genes, promotion of cell elongation, normal leaf and chloroplast senescence, and flowering. Binds brassinolide, and less effectively castasterone, but not 2,3,22,23-O-tetramethylbrassinolide or ecdysone. May be involved in a feedback regulation of brassinosteroid biosynthesis. Pho [...] (1196 aa) |
| | BZIP10 | Basic leucine zipper 10; Transcription factor that binds to the C-box-like motif (5'- TGCTGACGTCA-3') and G-box-like motif (5'-CCACGTGGCC-3'), ABRE elements, of gene promoters. Binds to the 5'-ACGT-3' motif of seed storage protein (SSP) encoding gene promoters (e.g. At2S and CRU3) and promotes their expression in seeds when in complex with ABI3 and BZIP53. Involved in the defense responses to the biotrophic pathogen Hyaloperonospora parasitica and oxidative stress responses; mediates positively cell death. Promotes BZIP53-mediated response to hypoosmolarity stress that leads to POX1/PR [...] (411 aa) |
| | UGT74F2 | UDP-glycosyltransferase 74F2; Glycosyltransferase that glucosylates benzoic acid and derivatives. Substrate preference is benzoic acid > salicylic acid (SA) > 3-hydroxybenzoic acid > 4-hydroxybenzoic acid. Catalyzes the formation of both SA 2-O-beta-D-glucoside (SAG) and SA glucose ester (SGE). Has high affinity for the tryptophan precursor anthranilate. Catalyzes the formation of anthranilate glucose ester. Is the major source of this activity in the plant. (449 aa) |
| | FPF1 | Flowering-promoting factor 1; Modulates the competence to flowering of apical meristems. Involved in a GA-dependent response in apical meristems during the transition to flowering. (110 aa) |
| | SOC1 | MADS-box protein SOC1; Transcription activator active in flowering time control. May integrate signals from the photoperiod, vernalization and autonomous floral induction pathways. Can modulate class B and C homeotic genes expression. When associated with AGL24, mediates effect of gibberellins on flowering under short-day conditions, and regulates the expression of LEAFY (LFY), which links floral induction and floral development. (214 aa) |
| | PLR3 | Probable pinoresinol-lariciresinol reductase 3; Probable reductase that might be involved in the reduction of lariciresinol into secoisolariciresinol. In most plant species, a single enzyme is able to reduce both pinoresinol and lariciresinol efficiently while in Arabidopsis, PRR1 and PRR2 show a strict substrate selectivity for pinoresinol; Belongs to the NmrA-type oxidoreductase family. Isoflavone reductase subfamily. (306 aa) |
| | DA1 | Protein DA1; Ubiquitin receptor that limits final seed and organ size by restricting the period of cell proliferation. May act maternally to control seed mass. Acts synergistically with DA2 to regulate seed size. Functions synergistically with DA2 to restrict cell proliferation in the maternal integuments of ovules and developing seeds. Functions antagonistically in a common pathway with UBP15 to regulate seed size. Associates physically with UBP15 and modulates the stability of UBP15, which promote cell proliferation in the integuments of ovules and developing seeds. Functions as pept [...] (532 aa) |
| | AGL6 | Agamous-like MADS-box protein AGL6; Probable transcription factor. Forms a heterodimer via the K- box domain with AG, that could be involved in genes regulation during floral meristem development. (252 aa) |
| | SPL3 | Squamosa promoter-binding-like protein 3; Trans-acting factor that binds specifically to the consensus nucleotide sequence 5'-TNCGTACAA-3' of AP1 promoter. Binds specifically to the 5'-GTAC-3' core sequence. Promotes both vegetative phase change and flowering. Regulates phase-specific patterns of leaf epidermal differentiation and flowering time, but does not seem to affect leaf shape. (131 aa) |
| | ELIP1 | Early light-induced protein 1, chloroplastic; Prevents excess accumulation of free chlorophyll by inhibiting the entire chlorophyll biosynthesis pathway (e.g. 5- aminolevulinate synthesis and Mg-protoporphyrin IX chelatase activity), and hence prevent photooxidative stress (By similarity). Probably involved in the integration of pigments into the mature light- harvesting pigment-protein complexes. Light-harvesting chlorophyll (LHC) a/b-binding protein required to ensure a high rate of chlorophyll accumulation during deetiolation in continuous high light. Involved in seed germination. M [...] (195 aa) |
| | IAA17 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA17; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (229 aa) |
| | BBX20 | B-box zinc finger protein 20; Acts as positive regulator of seedling photomorphogenesis. Plays a negative role in brassinosteroid responses. (242 aa) |
| | PCFS4 | Polyadenylation and cleavage factor homolog 4; Promotes flowering by suppressing FLC-mediated inhibition of flowering through the regulation of FCA pre-mRNA alternative processing. Regulates mRNA maturation including alternative polyadenylation, splicing or transcription initiation of stress- associated genes. (808 aa) |
| | CGR3 | Probable pectin methylesterase CGR3; Together with CGR2, required for homogalacturonan pectins (HG) methylesterification in the Golgi apparatus prior to integration into cell walls, essential for general growth and development. Promotes petiole elongation. Impacts photosynthesis and respiration efficiency by influencing leaf mesophyll morphology and physiology; pectin methylesterification modulates both expansion and positioning of cells in leaves, probably by changing cell walls plasticity. (258 aa) |
| | CYCA2-2 | Cyclin-A2-2. (436 aa) |
| | CYCA2-3 | Cyclin-A2-3; Negatively regulates endocycles and acts as a regulator of ploidy levels in endoreduplication. Promotes divisions in the guard cells (GCs) after the guard mother cells (GMC) symmetric division ; Belongs to the cyclin family. Cyclin AB subfamily. (450 aa) |
| | AGL17 | Agamous-like MADS-box protein AGL17; Probable transcription factor. (227 aa) |
| | AGL8 | Agamous-like MADS-box protein AGL8; Probable transcription factor that promotes early floral meristem identity in synergy with APETALA1 and CAULIFLOWER. Is required subsequently for the transition of an inflorescence meristem into a floral meristem. Seems to be partially redundant to the function of APETALA1 and CAULIFLOWER in the up-regulation of LEAFY. Is also required for normal pattern of cell division, expansion and differentiation during morphogenesis of the silique. Probably not required for fruit elongation but instead is required to prevent ectopic activity of IND. Represses S [...] (242 aa) |
| | CAL | Transcription factor CAULIFLOWER; Probable transcription factor that promotes early floral meristem identity in synergy with APETALA1, FRUITFULL and LEAFY. Is required subsequently for the transition of an inflorescence meristem into a floral meristem. Seems to be partially redundant to the function of APETALA1. Positively regulates the APETALA1 and LEAFY expression. (255 aa) |
| | ATHB-8 | Homeobox-leucine zipper protein ATHB-8; Probable transcription factor involved in the regulation of vascular development. May promote differentiation of precambial and cambial cells. (833 aa) |
| | CYS5 | Cysteine proteinase inhibitor 5; Specific inhibitor of cysteine proteinases. Probably involved in the regulation of endogenous processes and in defense against pests and pathogens (By similarity); Belongs to the cystatin family. Phytocystatin subfamily. (122 aa) |
| | ACO2 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 2; Enzyme involved in the ethylene biosynthesis. Required to mediate the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC)-mediated reversion of the ABA-induced inhibition of seed germination via endosperm rupture. May promote stem elongation by maximizing the extensibility cells, possibly by activating ethylene biosynthesis, in response to very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs C20:0 to C30:0). (320 aa) |
| | CYP90A1 | Cytochrome P450 90A1. (472 aa) |
| | SAG101 | Senescence-associated carboxylesterase 101; Acyl hydrolase that triggers the leaf senescence onset. Can use triolein as substrate to produce oleic acids. (537 aa) |
| | FAMA | Transcription factor FAMA; Transcription activator. Together with MYB88 and MYB124, ensures that stomata contain just two guard cells (GCs) by enforcing a single symmetric precursor cell division before stomatal maturity. Together with SPCH and MUTE, regulates the stomata formation. Required to promote differentiation and morphogenesis of stomatal guard cells and to halt proliferative divisions in their immediate precursors. Mediates the formation of stomata. Prevents histone H3K27me3 marks and derepresses stem cell gene expression. (414 aa) |
| | F15M7.8 | F-box protein At5g06550. (502 aa) |
| | MDC12.4 | 2-oxoglutarate (2OG) and Fe(II)-dependent oxygenase superfamily protein. (462 aa) |
| | ARGOS | Protein AUXIN-REGULATED GENE INVOLVED IN ORGAN SIZE; Promotes cell proliferation-dependent organ growth. Takes part in the AXR1-dependent auxin signaling pathway that requires ANT during organogenesis. (130 aa) |
| | AIL5 | AP2-like ethylene-responsive transcription factor AIL5; Probably acts as a transcriptional activator. Binds to the GCC-box pathogenesis-related promoter element. May be involved in the regulation of gene expression by stress factors and by components of stress signal transduction pathways (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of floral organs size; Belongs to the AP2/ERF transcription factor family. AP2 subfamily. (558 aa) |
| | MED25 | Mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 25; Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene- specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors. Positive regulator of sh [...] (836 aa) |
| | FD | Protein FD; Transcription factor required for the transition to flowering promoted by FT; Belongs to the bZIP family. (285 aa) |
| | GTE1 | Transcription factor GTE1; Transcription activator that plays a role in the promotion of seed germination by both negatively and positively regulating the abscisic acid (ABA) and phytochrome A (phyA) transduction pathways, respectively. (386 aa) |
| | MLE2.7 | UPF0235 protein At5g63440; May play a role during early embryonic development. Probably involved in pre-mRNA splicing (By similarity); Belongs to the UPF0235 family. (232 aa) |
| | HDA15 | Histone deacetylase 15; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes (By similarity). (552 aa) |
| | BHLH63 | Transcription factor bHLH63; Transcription factor that binds DNA to G box 5'-CACGTG-3' and, to a lower extent, to E-box 5'-CANNTG-3' in vitro. Binds to chromatin DNA of the FT gene and promotes its expression, and thus triggers flowering in response to blue light. (335 aa) |
| | PGI1 | Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase 1, chloroplastic; Promotes the synthesis of starch in leaves. (613 aa) |
| | WOX5 | WUSCHEL-related homeobox 5; Transcription factor, which may be involved in the specification and maintenance of the stem cells (QC cells) in the root apical meristem (RAM). (182 aa) |
| | NPY1 | BTB/POZ domain-containing protein NPY1; May act as a substrate-specific adapter of an E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complex (CUL3-RBX1-BTB) which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Coregulates with PID the auxin-mediated plant organogenesis. Regulates cotyledon development through control of PIN1 polarity. May play an essential role in root gravitropic responses. (571 aa) |
| | NFYC9 | Nuclear transcription factor Y subunit C-9; Stimulates the transcription of various genes by recognizing and binding to a CCAAT motif in promoters (By similarity). Interacts with REF6 to directly regulate SOC1 transcription in response to flowering signals from photoperiod and gibberellic acid pathways. (231 aa) |
| | BB | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase BIG BROTHER; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that limits organ size, and possibly seed size, in a dose-dependent manner. Negatively regulates the duration of cell proliferation in leaves and petals independently of the major phytohormones (e.g. auxin, cytokinin, gibberellin, brassinosteroids, ethylene, abscisic acid, jasmonic acid), probably by targeting growth stimulators for degradation. Limits the proliferation of root meristematic cells. Polyubiquitinates DA1. Involved in the promotion of leaf senescence, in addition to its function in restricting plant grow [...] (248 aa) |
| | VGT1 | D-xylose-proton symporter-like 1. (503 aa) |
| | FPA | Flowering time control protein FPA; Plays a role in the regulation of flowering time in the autonomous flowering pathway by decreasing FLOWERING LOCUS C mRNA levels. Required for RNA-mediated chromatin silencing of a range of loci in the genome. Cotranscriptionally recognizes aberrant RNA and marks it for silencing. Controls alternative cleavage and polyadenylation on pre-mRNAs and antisense RNAs. Acts redundantly with FCA to prevent the expression of distally polyadenylated antisense RNAs at the FLC locus; Belongs to the RRM Spen family. (901 aa) |
| | ORS1 | Protein ORGAN SIZE RELATED 1; Together with ARGOS and ARL, regulates organ growth and final organ size. Promotes both cell expansion and proliferation-dependent organ growth, in an ANT-dependent manner. (88 aa) |
| | SUB | Protein STRUBBELIG; Regulates the expression of transcription factors that define the cell fates. Acts in a non-cell-autonomous fashion, functions in a radial inside-out signaling process, and mediates cell morphogenesis and cell fate across clonally distinct cell layers in floral primordia, developing ovules, and root meristems. Seems to be required for the regulation of cell shape and the orientation of the mitotic division plane. Involved in root hair specification, in the formation of the outer integument and the shape of organs such as carpels and petals and is necessary for the s [...] (768 aa) |
| | AGAL2 | Alpha-galactosidase 2; May regulate leaf (and possibly other organ) development by functioning in cell wall loosening and cell wall expansion. (396 aa) |
| | ARL | ARGOS-like protein; Promotes cell expansion-dependent organ growth, probably via a brassinosteroids signaling pathway. Acts downstream of BRI1. (135 aa) |
| | WRKY28 | WRKY transcription factor 28; Transcription factor. Interacts specifically with the W box (5'-(T)TGAC[CT]-3'), a frequently occurring elicitor-responsive cis- acting element (By similarity); Belongs to the WRKY group II-c family. (318 aa) |
| | Q8W106_ARATH | Beta-galactosidase. (425 aa) |
| | TCP2 | Transcription factor TCP2; Plays a pivotal role in the control of morphogenesis of shoot organs by negatively regulating the expression of boundary-specific genes such as CUC genes, probably through the induction of miRNA (e.g. miR164). Participates in ovule develpment. Participates in ovule develpment. Promotes light- regulated transcription of CHS, CAB, HYH and HY5. Regulates positively photomorphogenesis (e.g. hypocotyl elongation inhibition and cotyledon opening in response to blue light). (365 aa) |
| | WNK8 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase WNK8; Regulates flowering time by modulating the photoperiod pathway. Phosphorylates the vacuolar ATPase subunit C (VATC) and RGS1. Regulates EDM2 that, in turn, modulates development processes. Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. WNK subfamily. (563 aa) |
| | ATJ3 | Chaperone protein dnaJ 3; Plays a continuous role in plant development probably in the structural organization of compartments; Belongs to the DnaJ family. A/I subfamily. (420 aa) |
| | F10M10.12-2 | Receptor protein kinase-like protein At4g34220; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. (757 aa) |
| | ESD4 | Ubiquitin-like-specific protease ESD4; Protease that catalyzes two essential functions in the SUMO pathway: processing of full-length SUMOs to their mature forms and deconjugation of SUMO from targeted proteins. Cleaves precursors of SUM1 and SUM2, but not of SUM3 or SUM5. Able to release SUM1 and SUM2 from conjugates, but unable to cleave SUM3. Acts predominantly as an isopeptidase, cleaving SUMO-conjugated proteins better than SUMO peptides. Plays an important role in the control of flowering time. (489 aa) |
| | MYB124 | Transcription factor MYB124; Transcription factor that binds to DNA in promoters cis- regulatory element 5'-GGCGCGC-3' of cell cycle genes, including cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), and components of the pre- replication complex. Binds to DNA in promoters cis-regulatory element 5'-AGCCG-3' of auxin regulated genes (e.g. PIN3 and PIN7). Together with FAMA and MYB88, ensures that stomata contain just two guard cells (GCs) by enforcing a single symmetric precursor cell division before stomatal maturity. Represses the expression of the mitosis-inducing factors CDKB1-1 and CDKA-1, [...] (436 aa) |
| | ARF2 | Auxin response factor 2; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Could act as transcriptional activator or repressor. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. Promotes flowering, stamen development, floral organ abscission and fruit dehiscence. Functions independently of ethylene and cytokinin response pathways. May act as a repressor of cell division and organ growth. (859 aa) |
| | ELIP2 | Early light-induced protein 2, chloroplastic; Probably involved in the integration of pigments into the mature light-harvesting pigment-protein complexes. Light-harvesting chlorophyll (LHC) a/b-binding protein required to ensure a high rate of chlorophyll accumulation during deetiolation in continuous high light. Involved in seed germination. May fulfill a photoprotective functions. Prevents excess accumulation of free chlorophyll by inhibiting the entire chlorophyll biosynthesis pathway (e.g. 5-aminolevulinate synthesis and Mg-protoporphyrin IX chelatase activity), and hence prevent p [...] (193 aa) |
| | CRY2 | Cryptochrome-2; Photoreceptor that mediates primarily blue light inhibition of hypocotyl elongation and photoperiodic control of floral initiation, and regulates other light responses, including circadian rhythms, tropic growth, stomata opening, guard cell development, root development, bacterial and viral pathogen responses, abiotic stress responses, cell cycles, programmed cell death, apical dominance, fruit and ovule development, seed dormancy, and magnetoreception. Photoexcited cryptochromes interact with signaling partner proteins to alter gene expression at both transcriptional a [...] (612 aa) |
| | BHLH76 | Transcription factor bHLH76; Transcriptional activator involved in cell elongation. Regulates the expression of a subset of genes involved in cell expansion by binding to the G-box motif. Binds to chromatin DNA of the FT gene and promotes its expression, and thus triggers flowering in response to blue light. (390 aa) |
| | NRAMP2 | Metal transporter Nramp2; Seems to be involved in iron uptake; Belongs to the NRAMP (TC 2.A.55) family. (530 aa) |
| | T21B14.5 | Zinc finger CCCH domain-containing protein 36. (248 aa) |
| | CDKD-2 | Cyclin-dependent kinase D-2; Forms a stable complex with cyclin CYCH1-1 that phosphorylates human CDK2 and the C-terminal domain (CTD) of the large subunit of RNA polymerase II. (348 aa) |
| | ADO3 | Adagio protein 3; Component of an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that plays a central role in blue light-dependent circadian cycles. Acts as a blue light photoreceptor, due to the presence of FMN, that mediates light- regulated protein degradation of critical clock components by targeting them to the proteasome complex. The SCF(ADO3) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex is involved in the regulation of circadian clock-dependent processes including transition to flowering time, hypocotyl elongation, cotyledons and leaf movement rhythms. Forms a complex with 'GIGANTEA' (GI) to regulate 'CONSTANS' (C [...] (619 aa) |
| | NAC032 | NAC transcription factor 32; Transcriptional activator that positively regulates age- dependent senescence, dark-induced leaf senescence and stress-induced senescence. Regulates leaf senescence through the modulation of the expression of senescence-associated genes SGR1/NYE1, SAG113 and SAUR36/SAG201, which are involved in chlorophyll degradation, and abscisic acid (ABA) and auxin promotion of senescence, respectively. Promotes reactive oxygen species (ROS) production during age-dependent and stress-induced senescence. Regulates positively auxin-mediated responses in roots. Stress-resp [...] (253 aa) |
| | UGT71C5 | UDP-glycosyltransferase 71C5; Possesses low quercetin 3-O-glucosyltransferase activity in vitro. (480 aa) |
| | MPH15.13 | Zinc finger CCCH domain-containing protein 52. (240 aa) |
| | CEPR1 | Receptor protein-tyrosine kinase CEPR1; Receptor kinase involved in the perception of C-terminally encoded plant signaling peptide (CEP) and subsequent regulation of root and shoot development. Required for xylem and phloem cell files morphology and organization, probably by preventing ectopic lignification in phloem cells. Together with CEPR2, mediates systemic nitrogen (N)-demand signaling upon the perception of root-derived peptides (e.g. CEP1) via the up-regulation of genes involved in N uptake and assimilation pathways. Regulates positively lateral root initiation and development; [...] (966 aa) |
| | NAC92 | NAC domain-containing protein 92; Transcription activator that binds to DNA in promoters of target genes on a specific bipartite motif 5'-[ACG][CA]GT[AG](5- 6n)[CT]AC[AG]-3'. Promotes lateral root development. Triggers the expression of senescence-associated genes during age-, salt- and dark-induced senescence through a regulatory network that may involve cross-talk with salt- and H(2)O(2)- dependent signaling pathways. Regulates also genes during seed germination. Regulates positively aging-induced cell death. Involved in age-related resistance (ARR) against Pseudomonas syringae pv. t [...] (285 aa) |
| | SAP | Transcriptional regulator STERILE APETALA; Transcriptional regulator involved in the specification of floral identity. Acts as A class cadastral protein by repressing the C class floral homeotic gene AGAMOUS in the external flower organs in association with APETALA2 and other repressors. Is required to maintain floral meristem identity in concert with AGAMOUS. Interacts also with APETALA2 to ensure the normal development of ovule. (446 aa) |
| | MYB36 | Transcription factor MYB36; Transcription factors that activates genes required for endodermal differentiation but represses genes involved in proliferative divisions, thus regulating the transition from proliferation to differentiation in root endodermis. Required for Casparian strip formation by positively regulating the expression of the Casparian strip genes CASP1, PER64 and ESB1 and other endodermis-specific genes, thus triggering correct localized lignin biosynthesis in root endodermis and subsequently regulating global ion homeostasis. (333 aa) |
| | FTIP1 | FT-interacting protein 1; Involved in the export of FT from the phloem companion cells to the sieve elements through the plasmodesmata. Regulates flowering time under long days. (794 aa) |
| | MNF13.1 | RNA-binding (RRM/RBD/RNP motifs) family protein. (423 aa) |
| | NFYC4 | Nuclear transcription factor Y subunit C-4; Stimulates the transcription of various genes by recognizing and binding to a CCAAT motif in promoters (By similarity). Involved in the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway. (250 aa) |
| | TCP7 | Transcription factor TCP7. (250 aa) |
| | SRM1 | Transcription factor SRM1; Transcription activator that coordinates abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis and signaling-related genes via binding to the specific promoter motif 5'-(A/T)AACCAT-3'. Represses ABA-mediated salt (e.g. NaCl and KCl) stress tolerance. Regulates leaf shape and promotes vegetative growth. (298 aa) |
| | TOR | Serine/threonine-protein kinase TOR; Essential cell growth regulator that controls development from early embryo to seed production. Controls plant growth in environmental stress conditions. Acts through the phosphorylation of downstream effectors that are recruited by the binding partner RAPTOR. Acts by activating transcription, protein synthesis and ribosome biogenesis, and inhibiting mRNA degradation and autophagy. Can phosphorylate TAP46, a regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A that modulates cell growth and survival. Involved in modulating the transition from heterotrophic [...] (2481 aa) |
| | ERDL6 | Sugar transporter ERD6-like 6; Sugar transporter; Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sugar transporter (TC 2.A.1.1) family. (487 aa) |
| | LUG | Transcriptional corepressor LEUNIG; Transcription repressor subunit of the SEU-LUG transcriptional corepressor of the C class floral homeotic gene AGAMOUS during the early stages of floral meristem development. Is part of the A class cadastral complex that define the boundaries between the A and C class homeotic genes expression and function. Interacts together with APETALA2 and SEUSS to repress AGAMOUS expression. Also plays a role in ovule and pollen development. Implicated in embryo and floral development. Involved in post-synthesis cell wall modifications necessary for mucilage ext [...] (931 aa) |
| | HDG6 | Homeobox-leucine zipper protein HDG6; Probable transcription factor involved in the regulation of time of flowering through the photoperiod flowering pathway. May repress FT. (686 aa) |
| | CDC73 | Protein CDC73 homolog; Component of the PAF1 complex (PAF1C) which is involved in histone modifications such as methylation on histone H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me3). Involved in regulation of flowering time. Required for the expression of the flowering repressors FLC and MADS- box genes of the MAF family. Required for histone H3 trimethylation on 'Lys-4' (H3K4me3) at the FLC locus. Prevents trimethylation on 'Lys-27' (H3K27me3) at the same locus. (415 aa) |
| | NAC59 | NAC domain-containing protein 59; Transcription activator that binds to DNA in promoters of target genes on a specific bipartite motif 5'-[AG]CGT[AG](4- 5n)[AG][CT]ACGCAA-3'. Triggers the expression of senescence-associated genes during age-, salt- and dark- induced senescence through a regulatory network that may involve cross- talk with salt- and H(2)O(2)-dependent signaling pathways. (318 aa) |
| | AGL28 | Agamous-like MADS-box protein AGL28; Probable transcription factor that may function as a floral promoter operating upstream of known floral activators in the autonomous pathway. (247 aa) |
| | CYP78A5 | Cytochrome P450 78A5; Plays a role in regulating directional growth at the meristem/organ boundary. Is required for the promotion of leaf and floral organ growth and for the prolongation of the plastochron. Promotes organ growth in a non-cell-autonomous manner and may generate a mobile growth signal distinct from the classical phytohormones that prevents premature arrest of proliferation, until the correct primordium size has been reached. Functions probably in association with CYP78A7 in regulating relative growth of the shoot apical meristem and plant organs. Is required locally in d [...] (517 aa) |
| | AIP1 | Protein phosphatase 2C 3; Involved in the negative regulation of the K(+) potassium channel AKT1 by its dephosphorylation, antagonistically to CIPK proteins (e.g. CIPK23). Functions as positive regulator of abscisic acid-mediated cell signaling during seedling growth. Involved in the regulation of seed dormancy. Acts as negative regulator of seed dormancy by inhibiting abscisic signaling and subsequently activating gibberellic acid signaling ; Belongs to the PP2C family. (442 aa) |
| | BHLH34 | Transcription factor bHLH34. (320 aa) |
| | GRP5 | Glycine-rich protein 5; Involved in organ growth by promoting cell elongation processes. (174 aa) |
| | PELPK1 | Protein PELPK1; Positive regulator of germination and plant growth. (370 aa) |
| | BZIP53 | bZIP transcription factor 53; Transcription activator that binds DNA to the C-box-like motif (5'-TGCTGACGTCA-3'), ABRE elements, G-box-like motif (5'- CCACGTGGCC-3'), DOF (5'-AAAG-3'), I-box (5'-GATAA-3'), BS1 (5'-AGCGGG- 3'), MY3 (5'-CGACG-3'), 5'-CAGTGCGC-3' and 5'-ACTCAT-3' sequence in target gene promoters. DNA-binding and subsequent transcription activation is triggered by heterodimerization with other bZIP proteins (e.g. BZIP1, BZIP10 and BZIP25). Promotes POX1/PRODH1 expression in response to hypoosmolarity stress. Transcriptional activator of seed maturation (MAT) genes (e.g. A [...] (146 aa) |
| | BZIP25 | Basic leucine zipper 25; Transcription factor that binds to the 5'-ACGT-3' box, especially present in G-box-like motif (5'-CCACGTGGCC-3'), ABRE elements, of seed storage protein (SSP) encoding gene promoters (e.g. At2S and CRU3) and promotes their expression in seeds when in complex with ABI3 and BZIP53. (403 aa) |
| | CGR2 | Probable pectin methylesterase CGR2; Together with CGR3, required for homogalacturonan pectins (HG) methylesterification in the Golgi apparatus prior to integration into cell walls, essential for general growth and development. Promotes rosette growth. Impacts carbon (C) partitioning, photosynthesis and respiration efficiency by influencing leaf mesophyll cell walls morphology and physiology; pectin methylesterification modulates both expansion and positioning of cells in leaves, probably by changing cell walls plasticity. (261 aa) |
| | LEP | Ethylene-responsive transcription factor LEP; Cell division-promoting factor involved in leaf blade differentiation, inflorescence branching, as well as in carpel and silique shape. Promotes the number of xylem cells. Regulates positively the gibberellin signaling pathway leading to germination, hypocotyl elongation, and leaf expansion. Probably acts as a transcriptional activator. Binds to the GCC-box pathogenesis-related promoter element. May be involved in the regulation of gene expression by stress factors and by components of stress signal transduction pathways (By similarity); Be [...] (211 aa) |
| | F13E7.20 | Zinc ion binding protein. (313 aa) |
| | SMB | Protein SOMBRERO; Transcription regulator. Together with BRN1 and BRN2, regulates cellular maturation of root cap. Represses stem cell-like divisions in the root cap daughter cells, and thus promotes daughter cell fate. Inhibits expression of its positive regulator FEZ in a feedback loop for controlled switches in cell division plane. Promotes the expression of genes involved in secondary cell walls (SCW) biosynthesis. (371 aa) |
| | TSF | Protein TWIN SISTER of FT; May form complexes with phosphorylated ligands by interfering with kinases and their effectors; Belongs to the phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein family. (175 aa) |
| | T26F17.15 | Histone H3 K4-specific methyltransferase SET7/9 family protein. (417 aa) |
| | VOZ1 | Transcription factor VOZ1; Transcriptional activator acting positively in the phytochrome B signaling pathway. Functions redundantly with VOZ2 to promote flowering downstream of phytochrome B (phyB). Down-regulates 'FLOWERING LOCUS C' (FLC) and up-regulates 'FLOWERING LOCUS T' (FT). Binds to the 38-bp cis-acting region of the AVP1 gene. Interacts with phyB in the cytoplasm and is translocated to the nucleus at signal transmission, where it is subjected to degradation in a phytochrome- dependent manner. (486 aa) |
| | VOZ2 | Transcription factor VOZ2; Transcriptional activator acting positively in the phytochrome B signaling pathway. Functions redundantly with VOZ1 to promote flowering downstream of phytochrome B (phyB). Down-regulates 'FLOWERING LOCUS C' (FLC) and up-regulates 'FLOWERING LOCUS T' (FT). Binds to the 38-bp cis-acting region of the AVP1 gene. Binds as a dimer to the palindromic sequence 5'-GCGTNNNNNNNACGC-3'. Interacts with phyB in the cytoplasm and is translocated to the nucleus at signal transmission, where it is subjected to degradation in a phytochrome- dependent manner. (450 aa) |
| | DGAT1 | Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1; Major contributor to triacylglycerol (TAG) synthesis and oil accumulation in seeds. Catalyzes the acylation of the sn-3 hydroxy group of sn-1,2-diacylglycerol using acyl-CoA. Can use palmitoyl-CoA and oleoyl-CoA as substrates. Can use oleoyl-CoA and linoleoyl-CoA as substrates. Has substrate preference for oleoyl-CoA compared to linoleoyl-CoA. Has complementary functions with PDAT1 that are essential for triacylglycerol synthesis and normal development of both seeds and pollen. (520 aa) |
| | NFYC1 | Nuclear transcription factor Y subunit C-1; Stimulates the transcription of various genes by recognizing and binding to a CCAAT motif in promoters. (234 aa) |
| | AAE3 | Oxalate--CoA ligase; Oxalyl-CoA synthetase acting exclusively against oxalate. No activity with malonate, succinate, malate, acetate, formate, lactate, glycolate, glyoxylate or glutarate. Required for oxalate degradation, normal seed development and defense against oxalate-producing fungal pathogens. (514 aa) |
| | GI | Protein GIGANTEA; Involved in regulation of circadian rhythm and photoperiodic flowering. May play a role in maintenance of circadian amplitude and period length. Is involved in phytochrome B signaling. Stabilizes ADO3 and the circadian photoreceptor ADO1/ZTL. Regulates 'CONSTANS' (CO) in the long-day flowering pathway by modulating the ADO3-dependent protein stability of CDF1 and CDF2, but is not essential to activate CO transcription. Regulates, via the microRNA miR172, a CO-independent pathway that promotes photoperiodic flowering by inducing 'FLOWERING LOCUS T'. (1173 aa) |
| | NAC046 | NAC domain-containing protein 46; Transcriptional activator that acts as positive regulator of leaf senescence. Activates NYC1, SGR1, SGR2 and PAO, which are genes involved in chlorophyll catabolic processes. Activates senescence- associated genes, such as RNS1, SAG12 and SAG13. (338 aa) |
| | FLK | Flowering locus K homology domain; Regulates positively flowering by repressing FLC expression and post-transcriptional modification. (577 aa) |
| | EPFL9 | EPIDERMAL PATTERNING FACTOR-like protein 9; [Stomagen]: Positively regulates stomatal density and patterning. Acts by competing with EPF2 (AC Q8LC53) for the same receptors, ERECTA (AC Q42371) and TMM (AC Q9SSD1). Not cleaved by the protease CRSP (AC Q9LNU1). Belongs to the plant cysteine rich small secretory peptide family. Epidermal patterning factor subfamily. (102 aa) |
| | WRKY13 | Probable WRKY transcription factor 13; Transcription factor. Interacts specifically with the W box (5'-(T)TGAC[CT]-3'), a frequently occurring elicitor-responsive cis- acting element (By similarity); Belongs to the WRKY group II-c family. (304 aa) |
| | RAP2-10 | Ethylene-responsive transcription factor RAP2-10; Probably acts as a transcriptional activator. Binds to the GCC-box pathogenesis-related promoter element. May be involved in the regulation of gene expression by stress factors and by components of stress signal transduction pathways (By similarity); Belongs to the AP2/ERF transcription factor family. ERF subfamily. (196 aa) |
| | FT | Protein FLOWERING LOCUS T; Component of the mobile flower-promoting signal (floral stimulus or florigen). Promotes the transition from vegetative growth to flowering. Required for 'SEPALLATA3' (SEP3) and 'FRUITFULL' (FUL) accumulation in mature rosette leaves. Seems to acts in parallel with 'LEAFY' to induce flowering by regulating 'APETALA1'. Translated in leaves and then transported to the shoot apical meristem where it activates the transcription of several floral meristem identity genes. May play a role in both the autonomous and the long-day flowering pathways. (175 aa) |
| | F8M12.14 | Probable protein phosphatase 2C 54; Belongs to the PP2C family. (295 aa) |
| | MFT | Protein MOTHER of FT and TFL1; May form complexes with phosphorylated ligands by interfering with kinases and their effectors (By similarity). Regulates seed germination via the abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellic acid (GA)signaling pathways. During seed germination, MFT expression is directly repressed by ABI3 or promoted by ABI5 in the ABA signaling pathway. Involved in a negative feedback regulation of ABA signaling. Promotes embryo growth by direct repression of ABI5. In the GA signaling pathway, MFT expression is promoted by the DELLA protein RGL2 during seed germination. May regu [...] (173 aa) |
| | DOF2.5 | Dof zinc finger protein DOF2.5; Transcription factor specifically involved in the maternal control of seed germination. Regulates transcription by binding to a 5'-AA[AG]G-3' consensus core sequence. May ensure the activation of a component that would trigger germination as a consequence of red light perception. (369 aa) |
| | CUL3A | Cullin-3A; Component of the cullin-RING ubiquitin ligases (CRL), or CUL3-RBX1-BTB protein E3 ligase complexes which mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. The functional specificity of the CRL complex depends on the BTB domain-containing protein as the susbstrate recognition component. Involved in embryo pattern formation and endosperm development. Required for the normal division and organization of the root stem cells and columella root cap cells. Regulates primary root growth by an unknown pathway, but in an ethylene-dependent manner. F [...] (732 aa) |
| | NFYC3 | Nuclear transcription factor Y subunit C-3; Stimulates the transcription of various genes by recognizing and binding to a CCAAT motif in promoters; Belongs to the NFYC/HAP5 subunit family. (217 aa) |
| | MAPKKK18 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 18; Component of the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway that acts as ABA signal transducer in the context of abiotic stresses. Triggers MPK1, MPK2, MPK7 and MPK14 activation in a MKK3-dependent manner and MPK6 activation in a MKK3-independent manner. Mediates the ABA-dependent activation of the MKK3-MPK7 module. Positive regulator of ABA responses leading to the induction of gene expression (e.g. RD29B and RAB18) and involved in various responses including stomatal development, stomatal movement, inhibition of germination and root growt [...] (339 aa) |
