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| | F24P17.4 | GNS1/SUR4 membrane protein family. (298 aa) |
| | BAH1 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase BAH1; Mediates E2-dependent protein ubiquitination. Plays a role in salicylic acid-mediated negative feedback regulation of salicylic acid (SA) accumulation. May be involved in the overall regulation of SA, benzoic acid and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. Controls the adaptability to nitrogen limitation by channeling the phenylpropanoid metabolic flux to the induced anthocyanin synthesis. (335 aa) |
| | KCS14 | Probable 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 14. (459 aa) |
| | PAL4 | Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 4; This is a key enzyme of plant metabolism catalyzing the first reaction in the biosynthesis from L-phenylalanine of a wide variety of natural products based on the phenylpropane skeleton; Belongs to the PAL/histidase family. (707 aa) |
| | FAH2 | Dihydroceramide fatty acyl 2-hydroxylase FAH2; Fatty acid 2-hydroxylase involved in the alpha-hydroxylation of the long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) palmitic acid. Probably involved in the resistance response to oxidative stress. (237 aa) |
| | KCS15 | 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 15. (451 aa) |
| | FATA2 | Oleoyl-acyl carrier protein thioesterase 2, chloroplastic; Plays an essential role in chain termination during de novo fatty acid synthesis. Possesses high thioesterase activity for oleoyl- ACP versus other acyl-ACPs. (367 aa) |
| | CER26 | Protein ECERIFERUM 26; Involved in biosynthesis of the epicuticular wax. Plays a role in very-long-chain fatty acid (VLCFA) biosynthesis and is required for C30 fatty acid elongation in leaf. Despite its classification as a BAHD acyltransferase based on sequence homology, CER26 does not seem to share the catalytic mechanism of the members of the BAHD family. (428 aa) |
| | ACP4 | Acyl carrier protein 4, chloroplastic; Carrier of the growing fatty acid chain in fatty acid biosynthesis that plays a major role in the biosynthesis of fatty acids in leaves. Required for the biosynthesis of chloroplast photosynthetic membrane lipids such as monogalactosyldiacylglycerol, digalactosyldiacylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol. Is essential for the biosynthesis of the cuticular wax and cutin polymers in leaves, and for the establishment of systemic acquired resistance (SAR). (137 aa) |
| | NFXL1 | NF-X1-type zinc finger protein NFXL1; Mediates E2-dependent ubiquitination (By similarity). Confers resistance to osmotic stress such as high salinity. Promotes H(2)O(2) production. Negative regulator of some defense-related genes via an salicylic acid (SA)-dependent signaling pathway. Confers susceptibility to the compatible phytopathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain DC3000 (Pst DC3000). Mediates resistance to type A trichothecenes (phytotoxins produced by phytopathogenic fungi). Belongs to the NFX1 family. (1188 aa) |
| | HOS3 | Elongation of fatty acids protein 3-like; Probable very long-chain fatty acid (VLCFA) elongase that controls VLCFA composition and functions to inhibit abscisic acid (ABA)-mediated stress responses, including regulation of stomatal aperture, maintenance of primary root growth and inhibition of germination. VLCFA pathway and products may function as signaling components acting upstream of sphingosine-1-phosphate, ceramide and the heterotrimeric G-protein complex, in lipid-mediated regulation of abiotic stress signaling. (289 aa) |
| | KCS16 | 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 16. (493 aa) |
| | FAD4 | Fatty acid desaturase 4, chloroplastic; Fatty acid desaturase involved in the production of chloroplast-specific phosphatidylglycerol molecular species containing 16:1(3E). Catalyzes the formation of a trans double bond introduced close to the carboxyl group of palmitic acid, which is specifically esterified to the sn-2 glyceryl carbon of phosphatidylglycerol. (323 aa) |
| | CUT1 | 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 6; Contributes to cuticular wax and suberin biosynthesis. Involved in both decarbonylation and acyl-reduction wax synthesis pathways. Required for elongation of C24 fatty acids, an essential step of the cuticular wax production. Major condensing enzyme for stem wax and pollen coat lipid biosynthesis. (497 aa) |
| | T10P12.6 | Sphingomyelin synthetase family protein. (421 aa) |
| | AIM1 | Enoyl-CoA hydratase/3-2-trans-enoyl-CoA isomerase/3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA epimerase; Involved in peroxisomal fatty acid beta-oxidation. Required for wound-induced jasmonate biosynthesis. Possesses enoyl-CoA hydratase activity against short chain substrates (C4-C6) and 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity against chains of variable sizes (C6-C16). Possesses cinnamoyl-CoA hydratase activity and is involved in the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway for the biosynthesis of benzoic acid (BA). Required for the accumulation in seeds of benzoylated glucosinolates (BGs) and substituted hydroxy [...] (721 aa) |
| | ALD1 | Aminotransferase ALD1, chloroplastic; Aminotransferase involved in local and systemic acquired resistance (SAR) to the bacterial pathogen P.syringae. Required for salicylic acid (SA) and camalexin accumulation upon pathogen infection. Possesses aminotransferase activity in vitro and may generate amino- acid-derived defense signals in vivo. May be involved in ethylene- induced senescence signaling. Involved in the biosynthesis of pipecolate (Pip), a metabolite that orchestrates defense amplification, positive regulation of SA biosynthesis, and priming to guarantee effective local resist [...] (456 aa) |
| | HIC | 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 13; Contributes to cuticular wax and suberin biosynthesis (By similarity). Regulates negatively the stomatal development in elevated CO(2) conditions; Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. Chalcone/stilbene synthases family. (466 aa) |
| | LIP1-4 | Lipoyl synthase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the radical-mediated insertion of two sulfur atoms into the C-6 and C-8 positions of the octanoyl moiety bound to the lipoyl domains of lipoate-dependent enzymes, thereby converting the octanoylated domains into lipoylated derivatives (By similarity). Together with LIP2 is essential for mitochondrial protein lipoylation during seed development. Required for the lipoylation of mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase component E2 proteins in leaves and roots. (374 aa) |
| | EPS1 | Protein ENHANCED PSEUDOMONAS SUSCEPTIBILITY 1; Required for pathogen-induced salicylic acid (SA) accumulation and SA-mediated resistance to virulent and avirulent pathogens (e.g. P.syringae). (434 aa) |
| | KCS21 | Probable 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 21; Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. Chalcone/stilbene synthases family. (464 aa) |
| | ACLB-2 | ATP-citrate synthase beta chain protein 2; ATP citrate-lyase is the primary enzyme responsible for the synthesis of cytosolic acetyl-CoA, used for the elongation of fatty acids and biosynthesis of isoprenoids, flavonoids and malonated derivatives. May supply substrate to the cytosolic acetyl-CoA carboxylase, which generates the malonyl-CoA used for the synthesis of a multitude of compounds, including very long chain fatty acids and flavonoids. Required for normal growth and development and elongation of C18 fatty acids to C20 to C24 fatty acids in seeds. n contrast to all known animal [...] (608 aa) |
| | MTACP2-2 | Acyl carrier protein 3, mitochondrial; Carrier of the growing fatty acid chain in fatty acid biosynthesis (By similarity). May be involved in the synthesis of short and medium chain fatty acids. Accessory and non-catalytic subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), which functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain (By similarity). (131 aa) |
| | ZEP | Zeaxanthin epoxidase, chloroplastic; Zeaxanthin epoxidase that plays an important role in the xanthophyll cycle and abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis. Converts zeaxanthin into antheraxanthin and subsequently violaxanthin. Required for resistance to osmotic and drought stresses, ABA-dependent stomatal closure, seed development and dormancy, modulation of defense gene expression and disease resistance and non-photochemical quencing (NPQ). Through its role in ABA biosynthesis, regulates the expression of stress-responsive genes such as RD29A during osmotic stress and is required for normal [...] (667 aa) |
| | KCS20 | 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 20; Mediates the synthesis of VLCFAs from 22 to 26 carbons in length (e.g. C22, C24, C26). Functionally redundant with KCS2 in the two-carbon elongation of C22 fatty acids that is required for cuticular wax and root suberin biosynthesis ; Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. Chalcone/stilbene synthases family. (529 aa) |
| | T30G6.15 | Acyl carrier protein. (75 aa) |
| | LOX6 | Lipoxygenase 6, chloroplastic; Plant lipoxygenases may be involved in a number of diverse aspects of plant physiology including growth and development, pest resistance, and senescence or responses to wounding. Catalyzes the hydroperoxidation of lipids containing a cis,cis-1,4-pentadiene structure (By similarity). 13S-lipoxygenase that can use linolenic acid as substrates. (917 aa) |
| | NADP-ME4 | NADP-dependent malic enzyme 4, chloroplastic; The chloroplastic ME isoform decarboxylates malate shuttled from neighboring mesophyll cells. The CO(2) released is then refixed by ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase. This pathway eliminates the photorespiratory loss of CO(2) that occurs in most plants (By similarity); Belongs to the malic enzymes family. (646 aa) |
| | DOX2 | Alpha-dioxygenase 2; Alpha-dioxygenase that catalyzes the primary oxygenation of fatty acids into oxylipins. May be involved in the senescence process. Belongs to the peroxidase family. (631 aa) |
| | KAS2 | 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase II, chloroplastic; Essential protein that catalyzes the condensation reaction of fatty acid synthesis by the addition to an acyl acceptor of two carbons from malonyl-ACP. Specific for elongation from C-16 and C-16 to unsaturated C-18 fatty acids. Confers resistance to low temperatures by maintaining chloroplast membranes integrity. Involved in the regulation of fatty acids ratios during seed metabolism. Required for embryo development, especially at the transition from the globular to the heart stage. (541 aa) |
| | KCS7 | 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 7. (460 aa) |
| | ABA2 | Xanthoxin dehydrogenase; Involved in the biosynthesis of abscisic acid. (285 aa) |
| | PDH-E1_BETA | Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta-2, chloroplastic; The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of three enzymatic components: pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase (E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (E3) (By similarity). (406 aa) |
| | NCED5 | Probable 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase NCED5, chloroplastic; Has a 11,12(11',12') 9-cis epoxycarotenoid cleavage activity. Catalyzes the first step of abscisic-acid biosynthesis from carotenoids (By similarity); Belongs to the carotenoid oxygenase family. (589 aa) |
| | KCS5 | 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 5; Mediates mostly the synthesis of VLCFAs from 26 to 30 carbons in length (e.g. C20:1, C26, C28, C30). (492 aa) |
| | ABA3 | Molybdenum cofactor sulfurase; Sulfurates the molybdenum cofactor. Sulfation of molybdenum is essential for xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) and aldehyde oxidase (ADO) enzymes in which molybdenum cofactor is liganded by 1 oxygen and 1 sulfur atom in active form. Modulates cold stress- and osmotic stress-responsive gene expression by acting as key regulator of abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis. Belongs to the class-V pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. MOCOS subfamily. (819 aa) |
| | F28G11.11 | Probable fructokinase-6, chloroplastic; May play an important role in maintaining the flux of carbon towards starch formation; Belongs to the carbohydrate kinase PfkB family. (384 aa) |
| | ACLB-1 | ATP-citrate synthase beta chain protein 1; ATP citrate-lyase is the primary enzyme responsible for the synthesis of cytosolic acetyl-CoA, used for the elongation of fatty acids and biosynthesis of isoprenoids, flavonoids and malonated derivatives. May supply substrate to the cytosolic acetyl-CoA carboxylase, which generates the malonyl-CoA used for the synthesis of a multitude of compounds, including very long chain fatty acids and flavonoids. Required for normal growth and development and elongation of C18 fatty acids to C20 to C24 fatty acids in seeds. In contrast to all known animal [...] (608 aa) |
| | JMT | Jasmonate O-methyltransferase; Catalyzes the methylation of jasmonate into methyljasmonate, a plant volatile that acts as an important cellular regulator mediating diverse developmental processes and defense responses. (389 aa) |
| | CYP74A | Allene oxide synthase, chloroplastic. (518 aa) |
| | POP2 | Gamma-aminobutyrate transaminase POP2, mitochondrial; Transaminase that degrades gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) and uses pyruvate or glyoxylate as amino-group acceptor, but not 2- oxoglutarate. The pyruvate-dependent activity is reversible while the glyoxylate-dependent activity is irreversible. Cannot use beta-alanine, ornithine, acetylornithine, serine, glycine, asparagine, glutamine, glutamate, valine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, phenylalanine, histidine, lysine, arginine, aspartate, threonine, tyrosine, tryptophan, proline, or cysteine as amino donors. Modulates steady- state [...] (504 aa) |
| | TAR2 | Tryptophan aminotransferase-related protein 2; Involved in auxin production. Both TAA1 and TAR2 are required for maintaining proper auxin levels in roots, while TAA1, TAR1 and TAR2 are required for proper embryo patterning. Involved in the maintenance of the root stem cell niches. (440 aa) |
| | ADS3 | Palmitoyl-monogalactosyldiacylglycerol delta-7 desaturase, chloroplastic; Fatty acid desaturase involved in the first desaturation step leading to the formation of hexadeca 7,10,13-trienoic acid (16:3(7Z,10Z,13Z)), the major functional components of thylakoid membranes. Required for chloroplast biogenesis at low temperature. Also indirectly involved in the production of the oxylipin dinor-oxo-phyto- dienoic acid implicated in wound signaling. (371 aa) |
| | DTX47 | Protein DETOXIFICATION 47, chloroplastic; Functions as a multidrug and toxin extrusion transporter in the export of salicylic acid (SA) from the chloroplast to the cytoplasm. Plays an essential function in plant defense via the pathogen-induced salicylic acid (SA) accumulation. Acts also as a key component of the Age-related resistance (ARR) pathway. (543 aa) |
| | SRK2E | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SRK2E; Activator of the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway that regulates numerous ABA responses, such as stomata closure in response to drought, darkness, high CO(2), plant pathogens, or decreases in atmospheric relative humidity (RH). Involved in the resistance to drought by avoiding water loss. Required for the stomata closure mediated by pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMPs) (e.g. flg22 and LPS) of pathogenic bacteria such as P.syringae pv. tomato (Pst) and E.coli O157:H7. As a plant defense process, stomata are closed transiently in order [...] (362 aa) |
| | AOC4 | Allene oxide cyclase 4, chloroplastic; Involved in the production of 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA), a precursor of jasmonic acid; Belongs to the allene oxide cyclase family. (254 aa) |
| | AAE15 | Long-chain-fatty-acid--[acyl-carrier-protein] ligase AEE15, chloroplastic; Probably involved in the activation of fatty acids to acyl- carrier-protein prior to fatty acid elongation in plastids. Acts on medium- to long-chain fatty acids. (727 aa) |
| | MFDR | NADPH:adrenodoxin oxidoreductase, mitochondrial; Associates in vitro with the adrenodoxin-like protein MFDX1 to form an efficient low potential electron transfer chain that is able to reduce cytochrome C. Functions as accessory mitochondrial protein involved with BIO2 in the plant biotin synthase reaction. (483 aa) |
| | PAS2 | Very-long-chain (3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratase PASTICCINO 2; Catalyzes the third of the four reactions of the long-chain fatty acids elongation cycle. This endoplasmic reticulum-bound enzymatic process, allows the addition of two carbons to the chain of long- and very long-chain fatty acids/VLCFAs per cycle. This enzyme catalyzes the dehydration of the 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA intermediate into trans-2,3-enoyl-CoA, within each cycle of fatty acid elongation. Thereby, it participates in the production of VLCFAs of different chain lengths that are involved in multiple biological processes a [...] (221 aa) |
| | F6D8.11 | Is a member of the PF|00364 Biotin-requiring enzymes family. (274 aa) |
| | HPT1 | Homogentisate phytyltransferase 1, chloroplastic; Involved in the synthesis of tocopherol (vitamin E). Catalyzes the condensation of homogentisate and phytyl diphosphate to form dimethylphytylhydrquinone. Low activity with geranylgeranyl diphosphate as substrate, but no activity with farnesyl diphosphate or solanesyl diphosphate. Tocopherol functions to limit lipid oxidation during seed desiccation, quiescence and germination and early seedling development. Protects thylakoid membrane lipids from photooxidation and is required for low-temperature adaptation. Belongs to the UbiA prenylt [...] (393 aa) |
| | PEX16 | Peroxisome biogenesis protein 16; Involved in the formation of peroxisomes, lipid bodies and protein bodies. (367 aa) |
| | EMB3147 | Putative malonyl-CoA:Acyl carrier protein transacylase. (393 aa) |
| | ADCS | Aminodeoxychorismate synthase, chloroplastic; Bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the biosynthesis of 4- amino-4-deoxychorismate (ADC) from chorismate and glutamine. In the first step, a glutamine amidotransferase generates ammonia that is channelled between the binding sites of glutamine and chorismate and used along with chorismate in the second step, catalyzed by aminodeoxychorismate synthase, to produce ADC. Required for the synthesis of 4-aminobenzoate (PABA), an important component in tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis. Does not possess ADC lyase activity. (919 aa) |
| | BDG1 | Probable lysophospholipase BODYGUARD 1; Controls cuticle development and morphogenesis, by promoting cutin and suberin monomers loading. Involved in the regulation of abscissic acid (ABA) biosynthesis in response to osmotic stress. Plays an important role in osmotic stress and drought resistance. Required to ensure a reduced permeability of aerial tissue, thus preventing transpiration. Regulates lateral root hair development. (469 aa) |
| | ABA4 | Protein ABA DEFICIENT 4, chloroplastic; Required for neoxanthin biosynthesis, an intermediary step in abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis. Probably not involved directly in the enzymatic conversion of violaxanthin to neoxanthin. Cannot convert violaxanthin to neoxanthin in vitro. Required for ABA biosynthesis in response to drought stress. Required for neoxanthin biosynthesis which is involved in photoprotection of photosystem II (PSII). Neoxanthin acts as an antioxidant within the photosystem PSII supercomplex. (220 aa) |
| | KAT1-2 | 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase 1, peroxisomal; Involved in fatty-acid beta-oxidation prior to gluconeogenesis during germination and subsequent seedling growth. Implicated in jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis (By similarity). Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. Thiolase family. (443 aa) |
| | LIP1P | Lipoyl synthase, chloroplastic; Catalyzes the radical-mediated insertion of two sulfur atoms into the C-6 and C-8 positions of the octanoyl moiety bound to the lipoyl domains of lipoate-dependent enzymes, thereby converting the octanoylated domains into lipoylated derivatives (By similarity). Together with LIP2P and LIP2P2 is essential for de novo plastidial protein lipoylation during seed development. (394 aa) |
| | T6D9.100 | Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of trans-2-enoyl thioesters in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis (fatty acid synthesis type II). Fatty acid chain elongation in mitochondria uses acyl carrier protein (ACP) as an acyl group carrier, but the enzyme accepts both ACP and CoA thioesters as substrates in vitro. (375 aa) |
| | KING1 | SNF1-related protein kinase regulatory subunit gamma-1; Regulatory subunit of the probable trimeric SNF1-related protein kinase (SnRK) complex, which may play a role in a signal transduction cascade regulating gene expression and carbohydrate metabolism in higher plants. The SnRK complex may also be involved in the regulation of fatty acid synthesis by phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and in assimilation of nitrogen by phosphorylating nitrate reductase. (424 aa) |
| | OPR1 | 12-oxophytodienoate reductase 1; Specifically cleaves olefinic bonds in alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyls and may be involved in detoxification or modification of these reactive compounds. May be involved in the biosynthesis or metabolism of oxylipin signaling molecules (Probable). In vitro, reduces 9R,13R-12-oxophytodienoic acid (9R,13R-OPDA) to 9R,13R-OPC-8:0, but only poorly 9S,13S-OPDA, the natural precursor of jasmonic acid. Can detoxify the explosive 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) in vitro and in vivo by catalyzing its nitroreduction to form hydroxylamino-dinitrotoluene (HADNT). (372 aa) |
| | KCR1 | Very-long-chain 3-oxoacyl-CoA reductase 1; Beta-ketoacyl-coenzyme A reductase required for the elongation of fatty acids precursors of sphingolipids, triacylglycerols, cuticular waxes and suberin. Responsible for the first reduction step in very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) synthesis. Decreased expression of KCR1 (RNAi) leads to plants with fused vegetative and reproductive organs, and abnormal trichome, epidermal cell and root morphology. Cannot be complemented by KCR2. Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family. (318 aa) |
| | DAAT | D-amino-acid transaminase, chloroplastic; Amino acid aminotransferase showing activity for D-Asp and D- Ala as amino donors with 2-oxoglutarate as an amino acceptor. Can also use D-Met, D-Tyr, D-Phe, D-Gln, D-Trp and D-Asn as substrates, but no activity with L-Asp, L-Ala, L-Leu, L-Ile or L-Val. Catalyzes also the reverse reaction where an amino group is transferred from D-Glu to pyruvate or oxaloacetate to produce D-Ala or D-Asp, respectively. Also involved in folate biosynthesis, acting as an aminodeoxychorismate lyase converting 4-amino-4-deoxychorismate (ADC) to p-aminobenzoate (PABA). (373 aa) |
| | KAS | 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase, mitochondrial; Catalyzes all the condensation reaction of fatty acid synthesis by the addition to an acyl acceptor of two carbons from malonyl-ACP. Able to elongate saturated acyl chains from 4 to at least 16 carbons. Uses malonyl-CoA but not acetyl-CoA as primer substrate. When expressed in a heterologous system, reveals a bimodal distribution of products, with peaks at C8 and C14-C16. The major product of the reaction (octanoyl-ACP) is required for the lipoylation of essential mitochondrial proteins. (461 aa) |
| | AAE13 | Malonate--CoA ligase; Malonate--CoA ligase that catalyzes the formation of malonyl- CoA directly from malonate and CoA. May be required for the detoxification of malonate; Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family. (608 aa) |
| | OPR2 | 12-oxophytodienoate reductase 2; Specifically cleaves olefinic bonds in alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyls and may be involved in detoxification or modification of these reactive compounds (Probable). May be involved in the biosynthesis or metabolism of oxylipin signaling molecules (Probable). In vitro, reduces 9R,13R-12- oxophytodienoic acid (9R,13R-OPDA) to 9R,13R-OPC-8:0, but only poorly 9S,13S-OPDA, the natural precursor of jasmonic acid (JA). Can detoxify the explosive 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) in vitro and in vivo by catalyzing its nitroreduction to form hydroxylamino-dinitrotol [...] (374 aa) |
| | GPAT9 | Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 9; Essential protein. Required for male and female gametophytes development. Exhibits sn-1 acyltransferase activity with high specificity for acyl-coenzyme A, thus triggering storage lipid biosynthesis and playing an important role in the Kennedy pathway of glycerolipid biosynthesis. Catalyzes triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulation involved in membrane lipid and oil biosynthesis, especially in seeds. Contributes also to the biosynthesis of both polar lipids and TAG in developing leaves, as well as lipid droplet production in developing pollen grains. Se [...] (376 aa) |
| | BIOF | 8-amino-7-oxononanoate synthase; Catalyzes the decarboxylative condensation of pimeloyl-[acyl- carrier protein] and L-alanine to produce 8-amino-7-oxononanoate (AON), [acyl-carrier protein], and carbon dioxide. Required for the biosynthesis of D-biotin that prevents light-mediated cell death and modulates defense gene expression, probably by avoiding hydrogen peroxide H(2)O(2) accumulation ; Belongs to the class-II pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. BioF subfamily. (476 aa) |
| | MTH12.2 | Very-long-chain (3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratase; Catalyzes the third of the four reactions of the long-chain fatty acids elongation cycle. This endoplasmic reticulum-bound enzymatic process, allows the addition of two carbons to the chain of long- and very long-chain fatty acids/VLCFAs per cycle. This enzyme catalyzes the dehydration of the 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA intermediate into trans-2,3-enoyl-CoA, within each cycle of fatty acid elongation. Thereby, it participates to the production of VLCFAs of different chain lengths that are involved in multiple biological processes as precursors [...] (221 aa) |
| | JMJ14 | Probable lysine-specific demethylase JMJ14; Transcriptional repressor. Histone demethylase that demethylates 'Lys-4' (H3K4me) of histone H3 with a higher activity for H3K4me3 and H3K4me2 than H3K4me1. No activity on H3K9me3/2, H3K36me3/2 and H3K27me3/2. Represses FT and TSF expression to inhibit the floral transition. Binds around the transcription start site of the FT locus. Involved in the DRM2-mediated maintenance of DNA methylation, but not required for the de novo DNA methylation. Required for demethylating histone H3K4me3 at the target of RNA silencing. Together with NAC051/NAC05 [...] (954 aa) |
| | Q8GRT9_ARATH | Putative acetyl-CoA carboxylase biotin-containing subunit. (263 aa) |
| | S-ACP-DES6 | Stearoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] 9-desaturase 6, chloroplastic; Converts stearoyl-ACP to oleoyl-ACP by introduction of a cis double bond between carbons 9 and 10 of the acyl chain. Belongs to the fatty acid desaturase type 2 family. (391 aa) |
| | KINB1 | SNF1-related protein kinase regulatory subunit beta-1; Regulatory subunit of the probable trimeric SNF1-related protein kinase (SnRK) complex, which may play a role in a signal transduction cascade regulating gene expression and carbohydrate metabolism in higher plants. The SnRK complex may also be involved in the regulation of fatty acid synthesis by phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and in assimilation of nitrogen by phosphorylating nitrate reductase. (283 aa) |
| | 4CLL9 | 4-coumarate--CoA ligase-like 9; Contributes to jasmonic acid biosynthesis by initiating the beta-oxidative chain shortening of its precursors. Converts 12-oxo- phytodienoic acid (OPDA) into OPDA-CoA; Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family. (562 aa) |
| | 4CLL5 | 4-coumarate--CoA ligase-like 5; Contributes to jasmonic acid biosynthesis by initiating the beta-oxidative chain shortening of its precursors. Converts 12-oxo- phytodienoic acid (OPDA) and 3-oxo-2-(2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1- octanoic acid (OPC-8:0) into OPDA-CoA and OPC-8:0-CoA, respectively; Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family. (546 aa) |
| | F16F17.20 | S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferases superfamily protein. (368 aa) |
| | T19B17.4 | Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase family protein. (518 aa) |
| | AAO3 | Abscisic-aldehyde oxidase; In higher plants aldehyde oxidases (AO) appear to be homo- and heterodimeric assemblies of AO subunits with probably different physiological functions. AO-delta seems to be involved in the last step of abscisic acid biosynthesis, at least in leaves and seeds. In vitro, AO-delta oxidizes abscisic aldehyde to abscisic acid (ABA). In vitro, AO-delta also uses indole-3-aldehyde (IAld), benzaldehyde, 1- naphthaldehyde and cinnamaldehyde as substrate; the AAO2-AAO3 dimer also uses abscisic aldehyde as substrate. (1332 aa) |
| | AAO1 | Indole-3-acetaldehyde oxidase; In higher plants aldehyde oxidases (AO) appear to be homo- and heterodimeric assemblies of AO subunits with probably different physiological functions. AO-alpha may be involved in the biosynthesis of auxin, and in biosynthesis of abscisic acid (ABA) in seeds. In vitro, AO-alpha uses heptaldehyde, protocatechualdehyde, benzaldehyde, indole-3-aldehyde (IAld), indole-3-acetaldehyde (IAAld), cinnamaldehyde and citral as substrates; AO-beta uses IAAld, IAld and naphtaldehyde as substrates; Belongs to the xanthine dehydrogenase family. (1368 aa) |
| | AAO2 | Indole-3-acetaldehyde oxidase; In higher plant aldehyde oxidases (AO) appear to be homo- and heterodimeric assemblies of AO subunits with probably different physiological functions. In vitro, AO-gamma uses heptaldehyde, benzaldehyde, naphthaldehyde and cinnamaldehyde as substrates; AO-beta uses indole-3-acetaldehyde (IAAld), indole-3-aldehyde (IAld) and naphtaldehyde; the AAO2-AAO3 dimer uses abscisic aldehyde; Belongs to the xanthine dehydrogenase family. (1321 aa) |
| | AAO4 | Aldehyde oxidase 4; Aldehyde oxidase with a broad substrate specificity. Involved in the accumulation of benzoic acid (BA) in siliques. Delays and protects siliques from senescence by catalyzing aldehyde detoxification in siliques. Catalyzes the oxidation of an array of aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes, including vanillin and the reactive carbonyl species (RCS) acrolein, 4- hydroxyl-2-nonenal (HNE), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Belongs to the xanthine dehydrogenase family. (1337 aa) |
| | PAS1 | Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase PASTICCINO1; PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides (By similarity). Essential protein regulating cell division, adhesion and elongation throughout the plant development and embryogenesis. Required for the spatial organization of apical meristems. Involved in the hormonal control of cell division and differentiation mediated by cytokinins and auxin. Regulates the function of NAC089 transcription factor by controlling its targeting to the nucleus upon plant [...] (635 aa) |
| | LAG13 | LAG1 longevity assurance homolog 3; Mediates resistance to sphinganine-analog mycotoxins (SAMs) by restoring the sphingolipid biosynthesis. Could salvage the transport of GPI-anchored proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus in ceramides-depleted cells after SAM exposure (By similarity). (308 aa) |
| | KCS2 | 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 2; Mediates the synthesis of VLCFAs from 22 to 26 carbons in length (e.g. C22, C24, C26). Involved in the elongation of C20 fatty acid suberin precursors. Functionally redundant with KCS20 in the two-carbon elongation of C22 fatty acids that is required for cuticular wax and root suberin biosynthesis ; Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. Chalcone/stilbene synthases family. (528 aa) |
| | KAT5 | 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase 5, peroxisomal; Probably involved in long chain fatty-acid beta-oxidation prior to gluconeogenesis during germination and subsequent seedling growth. Involved in systemic jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis after wounding and may be during senescence. (457 aa) |
| | FDH | 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 10; Contributes to cuticular wax and suberin biosynthesis. Prevents the postgenital fusion of epiderm cells in organs in contact, as well as ectopic pollen hydration and germination. Required during ovules formation. May regulate an epidermis-specific developmental program during gynoecial ontogeny. (550 aa) |
| | PED1 | 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase 2, peroxisomal; Involved in long chain fatty-acid beta-oxidation prior to gluconeogenesis during germination and subsequent seedling growth. Confers sensitivity to 2,4-dichlorophenoxybutiric acid (2,4-DB). Required for local and systemic induction of jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis after wounding. Seems to be involved in JA biosynthesis during senescence. (462 aa) |
| | CYP79B3 | Tryptophan N-monooxygenase 2; Converts tryptophan to indole-3-acetaldoxime, a precursor for tryptophan derived glucosinolates and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (543 aa) |
| | KCS8 | 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 8. (481 aa) |
| | FATA | Oleoyl-acyl carrier protein thioesterase 1, chloroplastic; Plays an essential role in chain termination during de novo fatty acid synthesis. Possesses high thioesterase activity for oleoyl- ACP versus other acyl-ACPs. Substrate preference is 18:1 > 18:0 > 16:1. (362 aa) |
| | BCCP1 | Biotin carboxyl carrier protein of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1, chloroplastic; This protein is a component of the acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase complex; first, biotin carboxylase catalyzes the carboxylation of the carrier protein and then the transcarboxylase transfers the carboxyl group to form malonyl-CoA. (280 aa) |
| | CER2 | Protein ECERIFERUM 2; Involved in biosynthesis of the epicuticular wax. Plays a role in very-long-chain fatty acid (VLCFA) biosynthesis and is required for C28 fatty acid elongation in stem. Despite its classification as a BAHD acyltransferase based on sequence homology, CER2 does not seem to share the catalytic mechanism of the members of the BAHD family. (421 aa) |
| | KIN10 | SNF1-related protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha KIN10; Catalytic subunit of the probable trimeric SNF1-related protein kinase (SnRK) complex, a central regulator of cellular energy homeostasis, which, in response to seemingly unrelated darkness, sugar and stress conditions, activates energy-producing pathways and inhibits energy-consuming processes. May play a role in a signal transduction cascade regulating gene expression and carbohydrate metabolism in higher plants. The SnRK complex may also be involved in the regulation of fatty acid synthesis by phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA c [...] (512 aa) |
| | ACC1 | Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1; Multifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA, forming malonyl-CoA, which is used in the plastid for fatty acid synthesis and in the cytosol in various biosynthetic pathways including fatty acid elongation. Required for very long chain fatty acids elongation. Necessary for embryo and plant development. Plays a central function in embryo morphogenesis, especially in apical meristem development. Involved in cell proliferation and tissue patterning. May act as a repressor of cytokinin response. (2254 aa) |
| | FAE1 | 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 18; Contributes to fatty acids elongation and stockage in developing seeds. Active on both saturated and mono-unsaturated acyl- CoAs of 16 and 18 carbons. Required for the elongation of C18 to C20 and of C20 to C22 fatty acids. Mediates also the synthesis of VLCFAs from 20 to 26 carbons in length (e.g. C20:1, C20, C22:1, C22, C24:1, C24, C26) (Ref.4, Ref.5,. Has no activity with polyunsaturated C18:2 and C18:3 or with acyl-CoAs having 22 carbons or longer chain length. (506 aa) |
| | NCER2 | Neutral ceramidase 2; Hydrolyzes the sphingolipid ceramide into sphingosine and free fatty acid; Belongs to the neutral ceramidase family. (757 aa) |
| | SR | Serine racemase; Catalyzes the synthesis of D-serine from L-serine. Has dehydratase activity towards both L-serine and D-serine. Displays high substrate specificity for L-serine, whereas L-alanine, L-arginine, and L-glutamine were poor substrates. (331 aa) |
| | LOX1 | Linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 1; 9S-lipoxygenase that can use linoleic acid or linolenic acid as substrates. Plant lipoxygenases may be involved in a number of diverse aspects of plant physiology including growth and development, pest resistance, and senescence or responses to wounding. Catalyzes the hydroperoxidation of lipids containing a cis,cis-1,4-pentadiene structure. Function as regulators of root development by controlling the emergence of lateral roots. (859 aa) |
| | KIN11 | SNF1-related protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha KIN11; Catalytic subunit of the probable trimeric SNF1-related protein kinase (SnRK) complex, a central regulator of cellular energy homeostasis, which, in response to seemingly unrelated darkness, sugar and stress conditions, activates energy-producing pathways and inhibits energy-consuming processes. May play a role in a signal transduction cascade regulating gene expression and carbohydrate metabolism in higher plants. The SnRK complex may also be involved in the regulation of fatty acid synthesis by phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA c [...] (512 aa) |
| | accD | Acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase carboxyl transferase subunit beta, chloroplastic; Component of the acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC) complex. Biotin carboxylase (BC) catalyzes the carboxylation of biotin on its carrier protein (BCCP) and then the CO(2) group is transferred by the transcarboxylase to acetyl-CoA to form malonyl-CoA; Belongs to the AccD/PCCB family. (488 aa) |
| | BIO2 | Biotin synthase, mitochondrial. (378 aa) |
| | MTACP1 | Acyl carrier protein 1, mitochondrial; Carrier of the growing fatty acid chain in fatty acid biosynthesis (By similarity). May be involved in the synthesis of short and medium chain fatty acids. Accessory and non-catalytic subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), which functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain (By similarity). (122 aa) |
| | KAS1 | 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase I, chloroplastic; Catalyzes the condensation reaction of fatty acid synthesis by the addition to an acyl acceptor of two carbons from malonyl-ACP. Specific for elongation from C-10 to unsaturated C-16 and C-18 fatty acids (By similarity). (473 aa) |
| | KAS_III | 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase III, chloroplastic; Catalyzes the condensation reaction of fatty acid synthesis by the addition to an acyl acceptor of two carbons from malonyl-ACP. KAS III catalyzes the first condensation reaction which initiates fatty acid synthesis and may therefore play a role in governing the total rate of fatty acid production. Possesses both acetoacetyl-ACP synthase and acetyl transacylase activities (By similarity); Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. FabH family. (404 aa) |
| | FAD3 | Acyl-lipid omega-3 desaturase (cytochrome b5), endoplasmic reticulum; Microsomal (ER) omega-3 fatty acid desaturase introduces the third double bond in the biosynthesis of 18:3 fatty acids, important constituents of plant membranes. It is thought to use cytochrome b5 as an electron donor and to act on fatty acids esterified to phosphatidylcholine and, possibly, other phospholipids. (386 aa) |
| | FAD8 | Temperature-sensitive sn-2 acyl-lipid omega-3 desaturase (ferredoxin), chloroplastic; Chloroplast omega-3 fatty acid desaturase introduces the third double bond in the biosynthesis of 16:3 and 18:3 fatty acids, important constituents of plant membranes. It is thought to use ferredoxin as an electron donor and to act on fatty acids esterified to galactolipids, sulfolipids and phosphatidylglycerol. (435 aa) |
| | FAD2 | Delta(12)-fatty-acid desaturase; ER (microsomal) omega-6 fatty acid desaturase introduces the second double bond in the biosynthesis of 18:3 fatty acids, important constituents of plant membranes. Delta(12)-desaturase with regioselectivity determined by the double bond (delta(9) position) and carboxyl group of the substrate. Can use both 16:1 and 18:1 fatty acids as substrates. It is thought to use cytochrome b5 as an electron donor and to act on fatty acids esterified to phosphatidylcholine (PC) and, possibly, other phospholipids. Very low constitutive hydroxylation activity. Required [...] (383 aa) |
| | FAD6 | Omega-6 fatty acid desaturase, chloroplastic; Chloroplast omega-6 fatty acid desaturase introduces the second double bond in the biosynthesis of 16:3 and 18:3 fatty acids, important constituents of plant membranes. It is thought to use ferredoxin as an electron donor and to act on fatty acids esterified to galactolipids, sulfolipids and phosphatidylglycerol. (448 aa) |
| | FAD7 | Sn-2 acyl-lipid omega-3 desaturase (ferredoxin), chloroplastic; Chloroplast omega-3 fatty acid desaturase introduces the third double bond in the biosynthesis of 16:3 and 18:3 fatty acids, important constituents of plant membranes. It is thought to use ferredoxin as an electron donor and to act on fatty acids esterified to galactolipids, sulfolipids and phosphatidylglycerol. (446 aa) |
| | PAL3 | Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 3; This is a key enzyme of plant metabolism catalyzing the first reaction in the biosynthesis from L-phenylalanine of a wide variety of natural products based on the phenylpropane skeleton. (694 aa) |
| | PAL2 | Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 2; This is a key enzyme of plant metabolism catalyzing the first reaction in the biosynthesis from L-phenylalanine of a wide variety of natural products based on the phenylpropane skeleton; Belongs to the PAL/histidase family. (717 aa) |
| | LOX2 | Lipoxygenase 2, chloroplastic; 13S-lipoxygenase that can use linolenic acid as substrates. Plant lipoxygenases may be involved in a number of diverse aspects of plant physiology including growth and development, pest resistance, and senescence or responses to wounding. Catalyzes the hydroperoxidation of lipids containing a cis,cis-1,4-pentadiene structure. Required for the wound-induced synthesis of jasmonic acid (JA) in leaves. (896 aa) |
| | PAL1 | Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 1; This is a key enzyme of plant metabolism catalyzing the first reaction in the biosynthesis from L-phenylalanine of a wide variety of natural products based on the phenylpropane skeleton; Belongs to the PAL/histidase family. (725 aa) |
| | F21J9.2 | 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase, chloroplastic; Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family. (319 aa) |
| | NIT2 | Nitrilase 2; Can convert indole-3-acetonitrile to the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid. (339 aa) |
| | NIT1 | Nitrilase 1; Can convert indole-3-acetonitrile to the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid; Belongs to the carbon-nitrogen hydrolase superfamily. Nitrilase family. (346 aa) |
| | ACP3 | Acyl carrier protein 3, chloroplastic; Carrier of the growing fatty acid chain in fatty acid biosynthesis. (136 aa) |
| | ACP2 | Acyl carrier protein 2, chloroplastic; Carrier of the growing fatty acid chain in fatty acid biosynthesis; Belongs to the acyl carrier protein (ACP) family. (136 aa) |
| | TSB1 | Tryptophan synthase beta chain 1, chloroplastic; The beta subunit is responsible for the synthesis of L- tryptophan from indole and L-serine; Belongs to the TrpB family. (470 aa) |
| | ACP1 | Acyl carrier protein 1, chloroplastic; Carrier of the growing fatty acid chain in fatty acid biosynthesis; Belongs to the acyl carrier protein (ACP) family. (137 aa) |
| | KPHMT1 | 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate hydroxymethyltransferase 1, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the reversible reaction in which hydroxymethyl group from 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate is transferred onto alpha- ketoisovalerate to form ketopantoate. (347 aa) |
| | CYP79B2 | Tryptophan N-monooxygenase 1; Converts tryptophan to indole-3-acetaldoxime, a precursor for tryptophan-derived glucosinolates and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Involved in the biosynthetic pathway to 4-hydroxyindole-3-carbonyl nitrile (4-OH-ICN), a cyanogenic metabolite required for inducible pathogen defense. Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (541 aa) |
| | MTACP2 | Acyl carrier protein 2, mitochondrial; Carrier of the growing fatty acid chain in fatty acid biosynthesis (By similarity). May be involved in the synthesis of short and medium chain fatty acids. Accessory and non-catalytic subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), which functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain (By similarity); Belongs to the acyl carrier protein (ACP) family. (126 aa) |
| | ADS1 | Delta-9 acyl-lipid desaturase 1; Involved in delta-9 desaturation of fatty acids. Belongs to the fatty acid desaturase type 1 family. (305 aa) |
| | CYP83B1 | Cytochrome P450 83B1; Involved in the metabolism of aromatic oximes. Catalyzes the oxime metabolizing step in indole glucosinolate biosynthesis by converting indole-3-acetaldoxime into indole-3-S-alkyl-thiohydroximate. Probably required for glucosinolate activation in response to pathogens. Functions in auxin homeostasis because indole-3-acetaldoxime also serves as a precursor for auxin biosynthesis. Specifically metabolizes (E)-p-hydroxyphenylacetaldoxime into an S-alkyl- thiohydroximate. (499 aa) |
| | KCS17 | 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 17; Active on saturated acyl-CoAs up to C22. Mediates the synthesis of VLCFAs from 20 to 26 carbons in length (e.g. C20:1, C20, C24, C26). (487 aa) |
| | ACX1 | Peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1; Catalyzes the desaturation of both long- and medium-chain acyl-CoAs to 2-trans-enoyl-CoAs. Most active with C14-CoA. Activity on long-chain mono-unsaturated substrates is 40% higher than with the corresponding saturated substrates. Seems to be an important factor in the general metabolism of root tips. May be involved in the biosynthesis of jasmonic acid. (664 aa) |
| | NCED2 | 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase NCED2, chloroplastic; Has a 11,12(11',12') 9-cis epoxycarotenoid cleavage activity. Catalyzes the first step of abscisic-acid biosynthesis from carotenoids; Belongs to the carotenoid oxygenase family. (583 aa) |
| | YUC7 | Probable indole-3-pyruvate monooxygenase YUCCA7; Involved in auxin biosynthesis. Belongs to the set of redundant YUCCA genes probably responsible for auxin biosynthesis in roots. (431 aa) |
| | FAH1 | Dihydroceramide fatty acyl 2-hydroxylase FAH1; Fatty acid 2-hydroxylase involved in the alpha-hydroxylation of sphingolipid-associated very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA). Probably involved in the resistance response to oxidative stress. (237 aa) |
| | CYTB5-B | Cytochrome b5 isoform B; Membrane bound hemoprotein which function as an electron carrier for several membrane bound oxygenases, including fatty acid desaturases; Belongs to the cytochrome b5 family. (134 aa) |
| | KCS11 | 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 11; Active on both saturated and mono-unsaturated acyl chains C16 to C20; Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. Chalcone/stilbene synthases family. (509 aa) |
| | FAB2 | Stearoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] 9-desaturase 7, chloroplastic; Converts stearoyl-ACP to oleoyl-ACP by introduction of a cis double bond between carbons 9 and 10 of the acyl chain. Required for the activation of certain jasmonic acid (JA)-mediated responses and the repression of the salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathway. Belongs to the fatty acid desaturase type 2 family. (401 aa) |
| | PXG3 | Probable peroxygenase 3; Probable calcium-binding peroxygenase. May be involved in the degradation of storage lipid in oil bodies, in abiotic stress-related signaling pathway and in drought tolerance through stomatal control under water deficit conditions. (236 aa) |
| | CAC2 | Biotin carboxylase, chloroplastic; This protein is a component of the acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase complex; first, biotin carboxylase catalyzes the carboxylation of the carrier protein and then the transcarboxylase transfers the carboxyl group to form malonyl-CoA. (537 aa) |
| | ACP5 | Acyl carrier protein 5, chloroplastic; Carrier of the growing fatty acid chain in fatty acid biosynthesis; Belongs to the acyl carrier protein (ACP) family. (139 aa) |
| | PHB3 | Prohibitin-3, mitochondrial; Prohibitin probably acts as a holdase/unfoldase for the stabilization of newly synthesized mitochondrial proteins (By similarity). Necessary for mitochondrial and cell metabolism and biogenesis. Required to regulate the ethylene-mediated signaling; involved in growth maintenance in the presence of ethylene. Functions in nitric oxide (NO)-mediated responses and in hydrogen peroxide- induced NO accumulation. (277 aa) |
| | KPR | Putative 2-dehydropantoate 2-reductase; Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of ketopantoate into pantoic acid. (365 aa) |
| | NCER3 | Neutral ceramidase 3; Hydrolyzes the sphingolipid ceramide into sphingosine and free fatty acid (By similarity). Promotes oxidative stress resistance. (733 aa) |
| | CBP60G | Calmodulin-binding protein 60 G; Transcription activator that binds DNA in a sequence-specific manner, 5'-GAAATTTTGG-3', to promote the expression of target genes. Recruited to the promoter of ICS1 and other defense-related genes (e.g. PR1, PR2 and EDS5) in response to both biotic (e.g. Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola ES4326, P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000, and microbe- associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) such as flg22) and abiotic stresses (e.g. UV-B, drought and abscisic acid), thus triggering rapid defense responses by stimulating salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis. Involved in b [...] (563 aa) |
| | F14A1.10 | Putative acyl-activating enzyme 19; Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family. (1040 aa) |
| | F24J13.5 | OBP32pep, putative (DUF220). (338 aa) |
| | ACC2 | Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2; Multifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA, forming malonyl-CoA, which is used in the plastid for fatty acid synthesis and in the cytosol in various biosynthetic pathways including fatty acid elongation. (2355 aa) |
| | PLA1 | Phospholipase A I; Possesses non-specific lipolytic acyl hydrolase (LAH) activity. Catalyzes the hydrolysis of the galactolipids monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) and digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG), and less efficiently the phoshpolipids phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidylinositol (PI). Hydrolyzes phospholipids at both the sn-1 and sn-2 positions. Involved in basal jasmonic acid production and promotes resistance to the necrotrophic fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea. (1309 aa) |
| | NCER1 | Neutral ceramidase 1; Hydrolyzes the sphingolipid ceramide into sphingosine and free fatty acid. Regulates sphingolipid homeostasis. Promotes oxidative stress resistance; Belongs to the neutral ceramidase family. (779 aa) |
| | BIO3-BIO1 | Bifunctional dethiobiotin synthetase/7,8-diamino-pelargonic acid aminotransferase, mitochondrial; Bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes two different reactions involved in the biotin biosynthesis. Catalyzes the transfer of the alpha-amino group from S- adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to 7-keto-8-aminopelargonic acid (KAPA) to form 7,8-diaminopelargonic acid (DAPA). It is the only animotransferase known to utilize SAM as an amino donor; In the C-terminal section; belongs to the class-III pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. BioA subfamily. (833 aa) |
| | MJC20.26 | Similarity to glutathione-S-transferase/glutaredoxin. (315 aa) |
| | TT2 | Transcription factor TT2; Transcription activator, when associated with BHLH2/EGL3/MYC146, BHLH12/MYC1, or BHLH42/TT8. Involved in the control of flavonoid late metabolism in developing siliques. Plays a key role in determining the tissue-specific activation of leucoanthocyanidin reductase (BANYULS). (258 aa) |
| | Q9FJI2_ARATH | Hydroxyacyl-thioester dehydratase type-like protein. (166 aa) |
| | PANC | Pantoate--beta-alanine ligase; Catalyzes the condensation of pantoate with beta-alanine to form pantothenate. Essential for panthotenate biosynthesis. (310 aa) |
| | MIO24.3 | Probable fructokinase-7; May play an important role in maintaining the flux of carbon towards starch formation. (343 aa) |
| | PKP2 | Plastidial pyruvate kinase 2; Required for plastidial pyruvate kinase activity. Involved in seed oil accumulation, embryo development and seed storage compounds mobilization upon germination. (579 aa) |
| | SARD4 | Protein SAR DEFICIENT 4; Involved in the biosynthesis of pipecolate (Pip), a metabolite that orchestrates defense amplification, positive regulation of salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis, and priming to guarantee effective local resistance induction and the establishment of systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Converts delta-(1)-piperideine-2-carboxylate (P2C) to Pip. Mediates reduction of P2C and biosynthesis of Pip in systemic tissue and contributes to SAR establishment. Does not possess ornithine cyclodeaminase activity in vitro. (325 aa) |
| | CYP86B1 | Cytochrome P450 86B1; Involved in very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA) omega- hydroxylation. Required for the synthesis of saturated VLCFA alpha, omega-bifunctional suberin monomers. (559 aa) |
| | LOX4 | Lipoxygenase 4, chloroplastic; Plant lipoxygenases may be involved in a number of diverse aspects of plant physiology including growth and development, pest resistance, and senescence or responses to wounding. Catalyzes the hydroperoxidation of lipids containing a cis,cis-1,4-pentadiene structure (By similarity). 13S-lipoxygenase that can use linolenic acid as substrates. (926 aa) |
| | T21E18.17 | Delta-9 desaturase-like 3 protein; Belongs to the fatty acid desaturase type 1 family. (299 aa) |
| | DJ1A | Protein DJ-1 homolog A; Involved in oxidative stress response. Confers protection against diverse stresses by binding both CSD1 and GPX2 and mediating the cytosolic activation of the Cu-Zn-dependent superoxide dismutase activity of CSD1; Belongs to the peptidase C56 family. (392 aa) |
| | AMI1 | Amidase 1; Amidase involved in auxin biosynthesis. Converts indole-3- acetamide to indole-3-acetate. Converts phenyl-2-acetamide (PAM) to phenyl-2-acetate. Substrate preference is PAM > IAM. Can also use L-asparagine, oleamide and 1-naphtalene-acetamide as substrates, but not indole-3- acetonitrile or indole-3-acetyl-L-aspartic acid. (425 aa) |
| | TOR | Serine/threonine-protein kinase TOR; Essential cell growth regulator that controls development from early embryo to seed production. Controls plant growth in environmental stress conditions. Acts through the phosphorylation of downstream effectors that are recruited by the binding partner RAPTOR. Acts by activating transcription, protein synthesis and ribosome biogenesis, and inhibiting mRNA degradation and autophagy. Can phosphorylate TAP46, a regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A that modulates cell growth and survival. Involved in modulating the transition from heterotrophic [...] (2481 aa) |
| | OPR3 | 12-oxophytodienoate reductase 3, N-terminally processed; Specifically cleaves olefinic bonds in cyclic enones. Involved in the biosynthesis of jasmonic acid (JA) and perhaps in biosynthesis or metabolism of other oxylipin signaling moleclules. Required for the spatial and temporal regulation of JA levels during dehiscence of anthers, promoting the stomium degeneration program. In vitro, reduces 9S,13S-12- oxophytodienoic acid (9S,13S-OPDA) and 9R,13R-OPDA to 9S,13S-OPC-8:0 and 9R,13R-OPC-8:0, respectively. Can detoxify the explosive 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) in vitro by catalyzing it [...] (391 aa) |
| | CAC3 | Acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase carboxyl transferase subunit alpha, chloroplastic; Component of the acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC) complex. First, biotin carboxylase catalyzes the carboxylation of biotin on its carrier protein (BCCP) and then the CO(2) group is transferred by the carboxyltransferase to acetyl-CoA to form malonyl-CoA (By similarity). Belongs to the AccA family. (769 aa) |
| | BI-1 | Bax inhibitor 1; Suppressor of apoptosis. Modulator of endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated programmed cell death. Involved in methyl jasmonate- induced leaf senescence through regulating cytoplasmic calcium level. (247 aa) |
| | LAG1 | LAG1 longevity assurance homolog 1; Mediates resistance to sphinganine-analog mycotoxins (SAMs) by restoring the sphingolipid biosynthesis. Could salvage the transport of GPI-anchored proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus in ceramides-depleted cells after SAM exposure (By similarity). (310 aa) |
| | S-ACP-DES1 | Stearoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] 9-desaturase 1, chloroplastic; Converts stearoyl-ACP to oleoyl-ACP by introduction of a cis double bond between carbons 9 and 10 of the acyl chain. (394 aa) |
| | S-ACP-DES3 | Stearoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] 9-desaturase 3, chloroplastic; Converts stearoyl-ACP to oleoyl-ACP by introduction of a cis double bond between carbons 9 and 10 of the acyl chain. Also able to convert palmitoyl-ACP to palmitoleoyl-ACP at the C9 position. Exhibits delta-9 palmitoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] desaturase (PAD) activity. Involved in omega-7 monounsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis, especially in the endosperm oil. (401 aa) |
| | CER26L | Protein ECERIFERUM 26-like; Involved in biosynthesis of the epicuticular wax. Plays a role in very-long-chain fatty acid (VLCFA) biosynthesis and is required for VLCFA elongation in leaf. Despite its classification as a BAHD acyltransferase based on sequence homology, CER26L does not seem to share the catalytic mechanism of the members of the BAHD family (By similarity). (420 aa) |
| | GAE6 | UDP-glucuronate 4-epimerase 6; Involved in the synthesis of the negatively charged monosaccharide that forms the backbone of pectic cell wall components. (460 aa) |
| | LAG2 | LAG1 longevity assurance homolog 2; Mediates resistance to sphinganine-analog mycotoxins (SAMs) by restoring the sphingolipid biosynthesis. Could salvage the transport of GPI-anchored proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus in ceramides-depleted cells after SAM exposure (By similarity). (296 aa) |
| | AAE16 | Probable acyl-activating enzyme 16, chloroplastic; May be involved in the activation of fatty acids to acyl- carrier-protein; Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family. (722 aa) |
| | BCCP2 | Biotin carboxyl carrier protein of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2, chloroplastic; This protein is a component of the acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase complex; first, biotin carboxylase catalyzes the carboxylation of the carrier protein and then the transcarboxylase transfers the carboxyl group to form malonyl-CoA. (255 aa) |
| | FMO1 | Probable flavin-containing monooxygenase 1; Required for the establishment of systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Not involved in local defense mechanisms. Confers a salicylic acid-dependent (SA) resistance to virulent pathogens such as P.syringae pv tomato and H.parasitica. (530 aa) |
| | T2D23.6 | Delta-9 desaturase-like 5 protein; Belongs to the fatty acid desaturase type 1 family. (299 aa) |
| | ADS4 | Delta-9 desaturase-like 4 protein; Belongs to the fatty acid desaturase type 1 family. (300 aa) |
| | KCS4 | 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 4. (516 aa) |
| | T21E18.15 | Delta-9 desaturase-like 2 protein; Belongs to the fatty acid desaturase type 1 family. (299 aa) |
| | T21E18.14 | Delta-9 desaturase-like 1 protein; Belongs to the fatty acid desaturase type 1 family. (299 aa) |
| | CYP703A2 | Cytochrome P450 703A2; Involved in pollen wall development. Catalyzes the conversion of medium-chain saturated fatty acids to the corresponding monohydroxylated fatty acids, with a preferential hydroxylation of lauric acid at the C-7 position. In-chain hydroxylated fatty acids, together with omega-hydroxylated fatty acids, are key monomeric aliphatic building blocks for sporopollenin synthesis during exine formation; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (510 aa) |
| | LOX3 | Lipoxygenase 3, chloroplastic; 13S-lipoxygenase that can use linolenic acid as substrates. Plant lipoxygenases may be involved in a number of diverse aspects of plant physiology including growth and development, pest resistance, and senescence or responses to wounding. Catalyzes the hydroperoxidation of lipids containing a cis,cis-1,4-pentadiene structure (By similarity). (919 aa) |
| | KCS3 | 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 3. (478 aa) |
| | NCED6 | 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase NCED6, chloroplastic; Has a 11,12(11',12') 9-cis epoxycarotenoid cleavage activity. Catalyzes the first step of abscisic-acid biosynthesis from carotenoids. Contributes probably to abscisic acid synthesis for the induction of seed dormancy. (577 aa) |
| | NCED3 | 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase NCED3, chloroplastic; Has a 11,12(11',12') 9-cis epoxycarotenoid cleavage activity. Catalyzes the first step of abscisic-acid biosynthesis from carotenoids, in response to water stress. (599 aa) |
| | AOC3 | Allene oxide cyclase 3, chloroplastic; Involved in the production of 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA), a precursor of jasmonic acid; Belongs to the allene oxide cyclase family. (258 aa) |
| | AOC2 | Allene oxide cyclase 2, chloroplastic; Involved in the production of 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA), a precursor of jasmonic acid; Belongs to the allene oxide cyclase family. (253 aa) |
| | AOC1 | Allene oxide cyclase 1, chloroplastic; Involved in the production of 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA), a precursor of jasmonic acid; Belongs to the allene oxide cyclase family. (254 aa) |
| | LOX5 | Linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 5; 9S-lipoxygenase that can use linoleic acid or linolenic acid as substrates. Plant lipoxygenases may be involved in a number of diverse aspects of plant physiology including growth and development, pest resistance, and senescence or responses to wounding. Catalyzes the hydroperoxidation of lipids containing a cis,cis-1,4-pentadiene structure. Function as regulators of root development by controlling the emergence of lateral roots. (886 aa) |
| | ADS3.2 | Probable lipid desaturase ADS3.2, chloroplastic; Belongs to the fatty acid desaturase type 1 family. (361 aa) |
| | T31P16.150 | (3R)-hydroxymyristoyl-[acyl carrier protein] dehydratase-like protein. (219 aa) |
| | F9G14.200 | HXXXD-type acyl-transferase family protein. (353 aa) |
| | KCS19 | 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 19. (464 aa) |
| | GAE1 | UDP-glucuronate 4-epimerase 1; Involved in the synthesis of the negatively charged monosaccharide that forms the backbone of pectic cell wall components. (429 aa) |
| | MFDX1 | Adrenodoxin-like protein 1, mitochondrial; Associates in vitro with the adrenodoxin reductase MFDR to form an efficient low potential electron transfer chain that is able to reduce cytochrome C. Functions as accessory mitochondrial protein involved with BIO2 in the plant biotin synthase reaction. (197 aa) |
| | 4CLL7 | 4-coumarate--CoA ligase-like 7; Contributes to jasmonic acid biosynthesis by initiating the beta-oxidative chain shortening of its precursors. (544 aa) |
| | ECR | Very-long-chain enoyl-CoA reductase; Catalyzes the last of the four reactions of the long-chain fatty acids elongation cycle. This endoplasmic reticulum-bound enzymatic process, allows the addition of 2 carbons to the chain of long- and very long-chain fatty acids/VLCFAs per cycle. This enzyme reduces the trans-2,3-enoyl-CoA fatty acid intermediate to an acyl-CoA that can be further elongated by entering a new cycle of elongation. Thereby, it participates in the production of VLCFAs of different chain lengths that are involved in multiple biological processes as precursors of membrane [...] (310 aa) |
| | KPHMT2 | 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate hydroxymethyltransferase 2, mitochondrial; Catalyzes the reversible reaction in which hydroxymethyl group from 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate is transferred onto alpha- ketoisovalerate to form ketopantoate. (354 aa) |
| | BCE2 | 2-oxoisovalerate dehydrogenase E2 component (dihydrolipoyl transacylase); The branched-chain alpha-keto dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of alpha-keto acids to acyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of three enzymatic components: branched-chain alpha-keto acid decarboxylase (E1), lipoamide acyltransferase (E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (E3). Within this complex, the catalytic function of this enzyme is to accept, and to transfer to coenzyme A, acyl groups that are generated by the branched-chain alpha-keto acid decarboxylase component (By similarity). R [...] (483 aa) |
| | S-ACP-DES5 | Stearoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] 9-desaturase 5, chloroplastic; Converts stearoyl-ACP to oleoyl-ACP by introduction of a cis double bond between carbons 9 and 10 of the acyl chain. Belongs to the fatty acid desaturase type 2 family. (396 aa) |
| | S-ACP-DES4 | Stearoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] 9-desaturase 4, chloroplastic; Converts stearoyl-ACP to oleoyl-ACP by introduction of a cis double bond between carbons 9 and 10 of the acyl chain. Belongs to the fatty acid desaturase type 2 family. (403 aa) |
| | S-ACP-DES2 | Stearoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] 9-desaturase 2, chloroplastic; Converts stearoyl-ACP to oleoyl-ACP by introduction of a cis double bond between carbons 9 and 10 of the acyl chain (By similarity). Exhibits delta-9 palmitoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] desaturase (PAD) activity. Involved in omega-7 monounsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis, especially in the endosperm oil. (411 aa) |
| | DJ1D | Protein DJ-1 homolog D; Possesses glyoxalase I activity. Catalyzes the conversion of hemimercaptal, formed from methylglyoxal and glutathione, to S- lactoylglutathione. May be involved in oxidative stress response. (388 aa) |
| | NCED9 | 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase NCED9, chloroplastic; Has a 11,12(11',12') 9-cis epoxycarotenoid cleavage activity. Catalyzes the first step of abscisic-acid biosynthesis from carotenoids. Contributes probably to abscisic acid synthesis for the induction of seed dormancy. (657 aa) |
| | ICS2 | Isochorismate synthase 2, chloroplastic; Involved in the synthesis of salicylic acid (SA) required for both local and systemic acquired resistance (LAR and SAR) while SA synthesized through the phenylalanine ammonium lyase (PAL) pathway seems to potentiate plant cell death. Also involved in phylloquinone (vitamin K1) synthesis. Has no isochorismate pyruvate lyase (IPL) activity. (562 aa) |
| | DGL | Galactolipase DONGLE, chloroplastic; Sn-1-specific phospholipase that releases free fatty acids from phosphatidylcholine. Has a higher galactolipase activity than phospholipase A1 activity when digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG) is used as substrate. Catalyzes the initial step of jasmonic acid biosynthesis. Required for the biosynthesis of basal-level endogenous jasmonate in vegetative tissues. Regulates leaves growth. Not essential for jasmonate biosynthesis after wounding or upon pathogen infection. (471 aa) |
| | DJ1B | Protein DJ-1 homolog B; May be involved in oxidative stress response. (438 aa) |
| | KCS1 | 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 1; Contributes to cuticular wax and suberin biosynthesis. Involved in both decarbonylation and acyl-reduction wax synthesis pathways. Elongase condensing enzyme mostly active with saturated fatty acids, especially with 16:0, 16:1, 18:0, and 20:0. Mediates the synthesis of VLCFAs from 20 to 26 carbons in length (e.g. C20:1, C20, C22, C24 and C26); Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. Chalcone/stilbene synthases family. (528 aa) |
| | ICS1 | Isochorismate synthase 1, chloroplastic; Involved in the synthesis of salicylic acid (SA) required for both local and systemic acquired resistance (LAR and SAR) while SA synthesized through the phenylalanine ammonium lyase (PAL) pathway seems to potentiate plant cell death. Also involved in phylloquinone (vitamin K1) synthesis. Has no isochorismate pyruvate lyase (IPL) activity. (569 aa) |
| | TAA1 | L-tryptophan--pyruvate aminotransferase 1; L-tryptophan aminotransferase involved in auxin (IAA) biosynthesis. Can convert L-tryptophan and pyruvate to indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPA) and alanine. Catalyzes the first step in IPA branch of the auxin biosynthetic pathway. Required for auxin production to initiate multiple change in growth in response to environmental and developmental cues. It is also active with phenylalanine, tyrosine, leucine, alanine, methionine and glutamine. Both TAA1 and TAR2 are required for maintaining proper auxin levels in roots, while TAA1, TAR1 and TAR2 are requ [...] (391 aa) |
| | F9E10.15 | GNS1/SUR4 membrane protein family. (281 aa) |
| | MYB3 | Transcription factor MYB3. (257 aa) |
| | CYP77B1 | Cytochrome P450, family 77, subfamily B, polypeptide 1; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (510 aa) |
| | MYB30 | Transcription factor MYB30; Transcription factor that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-AACAAAC-3'. Acts as a positive regulator of hypersensitive cell death. Acts as a positive regulator of salicylic acid synthesis. Regulates very-long-chain fatty acid biosynthesis. Acts cooperatively with BZR2 to promote expression of a subset of brassinosteroids target genes. Transcriptional activity and hypersensitive response control negatively regulated by PLA2-ALPHA and by the Xanthomonas type III effector XopD (AC G9L9K6). Involved in the regulation of abscisic acid (ABA) signaling. Inc [...] (323 aa) |
| | KINB2 | SNF1-related protein kinase regulatory subunit beta-2; Regulatory subunit of the probable trimeric SNF1-related protein kinase (SnRK) complex, which may play a role in a signal transduction cascade regulating gene expression and carbohydrate metabolism in higher plants. The SnRK complex may also be involved in the regulation of fatty acid synthesis by phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and in assimilation of nitrogen by phosphorylating nitrate reductase. (289 aa) |
| | DOX1 | Alpha-dioxygenase 1; Alpha-dioxygenase that catalyzes the primary oxygenation of fatty acids into oxylipins. Mediates a protection against oxidative stress and cell death, probably by generating some lipid-derived molecules. Promotes local and systemic plant defense in a salicylic acid (SA)-dependent manner, including the establishment of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in response to incompatible interaction. Involved in a negative regulation of abscisic acid (ABA)-mediated signaling pathway. (639 aa) |
| | XERICO | Probable E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase XERICO; Function on abscisic acid homeostasis at post-translational level, probably through ubiquitin/proteasome-dependent substrate- specific degradation. (162 aa) |
| | KCS12 | 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 12. (476 aa) |
| | ADS2 | Delta-9 acyl-lipid desaturase 2; Involved in delta-9 desaturation of fatty acids. Belongs to the fatty acid desaturase type 1 family. (307 aa) |
| | T26C19.11 | Putative beta-hydroxyacyl-ACP dehydratase. (220 aa) |
| | T9H9.21 | Phospholipase A1-Ialpha2, chloroplastic; Acylhydrolase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine at the sn-1 position. Has a strong galactolipase activity toward monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) and digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG). Low triacylglycerol (TAG) lipase activity. Plays a role in plant growth and in leaf senescence. (484 aa) |
| | SUR1 | S-alkyl-thiohydroximate lyase SUR1; C-S lyase involved in glucosinolate biosynthesis. Converts S- (alkylacetohydroximoyl)-L-cysteine to thiohydroximate. Functions in auxin homeostasis. Probably required for glucosinolate activation in response to pathogens; Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. (462 aa) |
| | KCS9 | 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 9; Involved in the elongation of C22 to C24 fatty acids, which are precursors for the biosynthesis of cuticular waxes, aliphatic suberins, and membrane lipids, including sphingolipids and phospholipids. (512 aa) |
| | FATB | Palmitoyl-acyl carrier protein thioesterase, chloroplastic; Plays an essential role in chain termination during de novo fatty acid synthesis. Possesses high thioesterase activity for palmitoyl-ACP versus other acyl-ACPs. Substrate preference is 16:0 > 18:1 > 18:0 > 16:1. Plays an essential role in the supply of saturated fatty acids necessary for plant growth and seed development. Contributes to 16:0 production particularly in flowers. May be involved in the synthesis of long chain fatty acid. (412 aa) |
| | MOD1 | Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH], chloroplastic; Catalyzes the NAD-dependent reduction of a carbon-carbon double bond in an enoyl moiety that is covalently linked to an acyl carrier protein (ACP). Catalyzes the last reduction step in the de novo synthesis cycle of fatty acids. Involved in the elongation cycle of fatty acids which are used in lipid metabolism. Required for normal plant growth. (390 aa) |
| | F24P17.3 | GNS1/SUR4 membrane protein family. (278 aa) |
