STRINGSTRING
ADR1 ADR1 RPP8 RPP8 RIN3 RIN3 LOL1 LOL1 CNGC4 CNGC4 TTM2 TTM2 CAD1 CAD1 SARD1 SARD1 SAG12 SAG12 GH3.12 GH3.12 LPP1 LPP1 DSC1 DSC1 SNI1 SNI1 AZI1 AZI1 CPR1 CPR1 T22A6.120 T22A6.120 VDAC3 VDAC3 NSL1 NSL1 DOX1 DOX1 HR1 HR1 HR2 HR2 HR3 HR3 HR4 HR4 PAD4 PAD4 RPP13 RPP13 CPSF30 CPSF30 VAD1 VAD1 EDR2 EDR2 DSC2 DSC2 CBP60G CBP60G BZIP10 BZIP10 NDR1 NDR1 RPS5 RPS5 MKK4 MKK4 SDR3a SDR3a CHI-B CHI-B CYP18-3 CYP18-3 TGA2 TGA2 NPR1 NPR1 LSD1 LSD1 MPK3 MPK3 MPK6 MPK6 RPM1 RPM1 TGA3 TGA3 RPS2 RPS2 MORC2 MORC2 MORC1 MORC1 RIN4 RIN4 F10B6.18 F10B6.18 MKK5 MKK5 RIN2 RIN2 HSR4 HSR4
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second shell of interactors
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proteins of unknown 3D structure
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ADR1Disease resistance protein ADR1; Disease resistance (R) protein that mediates resistance against Hyaloperonospora parasitica in a salicylic acid-dependent manner. Also mediates resistance against Erysiphe cichoracearum is both salicylic acid-dependent and partially NPR1-dependent. Resistance proteins guard the plant against pathogens that contain an appropriate avirulence protein via an indirect interaction with this avirulence protein. That triggers a defense system including the hypersensitive response, which restricts the pathogen growth. (787 aa)
RPP8Disease resistance protein RPP8; Disease resistance protein. Resistance proteins guard the plant against pathogens that contain an appropriate avirulence protein via an indirect interaction with this avirulence protein. That triggers a defense system including the hypersensitive response, which restricts the pathogen growth. The interaction with TIP (TCV-interacting protein) may be essential for the recognition of the avirulence proteins, and the triggering of the defense response. Triggers resistance to turnip crinkle virus (TCV) via a SAG101-dependent pathway. (908 aa)
RIN3E3 ubiquitin protein ligase RIN3; E3 ubiquitin protein ligase that acts as positive regulator of RPM1- and RPS2-dependent hypersensitive response (HR), in association with RIN2. Probably not required for RPM1 degradation during HR. (577 aa)
LOL1Protein LOL1; Positive regulator of reactive oxygen-induced cell death. May be involved in the repression of the copper/zinc superoxide dismutase CSD1 and CSD2 that detoxify accumulating superoxide before the reactive oxygen species (ROS) can trigger a cell death cascade. LSD1 and LOL1 have antagonistic effects on CSD1 and CSD2 accumulation to regulate oxidative stress-induced cell death. (154 aa)
CNGC4Cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel 4; Acts as cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel. Permeable to potassium and sodium in a cyclic nucleotide-dependent fashion (cAMP or cGMP). Might constitute a common downstream component of the signaling pathways leading to hypersensitive response (HR). (694 aa)
TTM2Inorganic pyrophosphatase TTM2; Exhibits pyrophosphatase activity with stronger affinity for pyrophosphate (PPi), moderate affinity for ATP and ADP, and weak affinity for tripolyphosphate (PPPi). No activity observed toward uridine substrate. Negative regulator of the salicylic acid (SA)- mediated amplification of defense responses against both virulent and avirulent pathogens, including oomycetes (e.g. H.arabidopsidis) and bacteria (e.g. P.syringae). Represses systemic acquired resistance (SAR). (674 aa)
CAD1MACPF domain-containing protein CAD1; Negatively controls the salicylic acid (SA)-mediated pathway of programmed cell death in plant immunity. (561 aa)
SARD1Protein SAR DEFICIENT 1; Transcription activator that binds DNA in a sequence-specific manner, 5'-GAAATTTTGG-3', to promote the expression of target genes. Recruited to the promoter of ICS1 and other defense-related genes (e.g. PR1 and SID2) in response to both biotic (e.g. Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola ES4326) and abiotic stresses (e.g. UV-B), thus triggering slow defense responses by stimulating salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis. Required for basal and systemic acquired resistance to P. syringae pv. maculicola and Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis. Belongs to the plant ACBP60 prote [...] (451 aa)
SAG12Senescence-specific cysteine protease SAG12; Cysteine protease that may have a developmental senescence specific cell death function during apoptosis, heavy metal detoxification, and hypersensitive response. (346 aa)
GH3.124-substituted benzoates-glutamate ligase GH3.12; Catalyzes the conjugation of specific amino acids (e.g. Glu and possibly His, Lys, and Met) to their preferred acyl substrates (e.g. 4-substituted benzoates), in a magnesium ion- and ATP-dependent manner. Can use 4-substituted benzoates such as 4-aminobenzoate (pABA), 4-fluorobenzoate and 4-hydroxybenzoate (4-HBA), and, to a lesser extent, benzoate, vanillate and trans-cinnamate, but not 2-substituted benzoates and salicylic acid (SA), as conjugating acyl substrates. Involved in both basal and induced resistance in a SA-dependent manner. [...] (575 aa)
LPP1Lipid phosphate phosphatase 1; Plays a general role in cellular responses to stress, may be by attenuating the signal produced by phospholipases. Exhibits both diacylglycerol pyrophosphate (DGPP) phosphatase and phosphatidate (PA) phosphatase activities. Substrate preference is diacylglycerol pyrophosphate > phosphatidate; Belongs to the PA-phosphatase related phosphoesterase family. (327 aa)
DSC1Disease resistance-like protein DSC1; TIR-NB-LRR receptor-like protein involved in plant defense. Acts as a trigger of hypersensitive response (HR). Functions as guard of CAMTA3, a negative regulator of immunity, during pathogen infection. Belongs to the disease resistance NB-LRR family. (1219 aa)
SNI1Negative regulator of systemic acquired resistance SNI1; Component of the SMC5-SMC6 complex, a complex involved in repair of DNA double-strand breaks by homologous recombination. Transcription repressor that prevents expression of pathogenesis-related genes (PR) via histone modifications and binding negative cis-acting elements at their promoters. Negative regulator of hypersensitive response (HR) and systemic acquired resistance (SAR) required to dampen the basal expression of pathogenesis related (PR) genes. Functions synergistically with NTL9/CBNAC as negative regulator of pathogen- [...] (432 aa)
AZI1pEARLI1-like lipid transfer protein 1; Probable lipid transfer protein (LTP). Seems to control the flowering process and lignin synthesis. Together with DIR1, required for glycerol-3-phosphate- (G3P) and azelaic acid- (AA) induced systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Component of plant systemic immunity involved in priming defenses in a AA-dependent manner, by modulating production and/or translocation of a mobile signal(s) during SAR. Confers resistance to Botrytis cinerea and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 and PmaDG3. May be involved in induced systemic resistance (ISR) mediat [...] (161 aa)
CPR1F-box protein CPR1; Component of SCF(ASK-cullin-F-box) E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, which may mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Regulates negatively both salicylic acid (SA)-dependent and SA-independent defense signaling. (413 aa)
T22A6.120MACPF domain-containing protein At4g24290; Negatively controls the salicylic acid (SA)-mediated pathway of programmed cell death in plant immunity. (606 aa)
VDAC3Mitochondrial outer membrane protein porin 3; Forms a channel through the mitochondrial outer membrane that allows diffusion of small hydrophilic molecules. The channel adopts an open conformation at low or zero membrane potential and a closed conformation at potentials above 30-40 mV. The open state has a weak anion selectivity whereas the closed state is cation-selective (By similarity); Belongs to the eukaryotic mitochondrial porin (TC 1.B.8.1) family. (274 aa)
NSL1MACPF domain-containing protein NSL1; Negatively controls the salicylic acid (SA)-mediated pathway of programmed cell death in plant immunity. Belongs to the complement C6/C7/C8/C9 (TC 1.C.39) family. (612 aa)
DOX1Alpha-dioxygenase 1; Alpha-dioxygenase that catalyzes the primary oxygenation of fatty acids into oxylipins. Mediates a protection against oxidative stress and cell death, probably by generating some lipid-derived molecules. Promotes local and systemic plant defense in a salicylic acid (SA)-dependent manner, including the establishment of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in response to incompatible interaction. Involved in a negative regulation of abscisic acid (ABA)-mediated signaling pathway. (639 aa)
HR1RPW8-like protein 1; Probable disease resistance (R) protein. (189 aa)
HR2RPW8-like protein 2; Probable disease resistance (R) protein. (205 aa)
HR3RPW8-like protein 3; Probable disease resistance (R) protein. (213 aa)
HR4RPW8-like protein 4; Probable disease resistance (R) protein; Belongs to the plant RPW8 protein family. (200 aa)
PAD4Lipase-like PAD4; Probable lipase required downstream of MPK4 for accumulation of the plant defense-potentiating molecule, salicylic acid, thus contributing to the plant innate immunity against invasive biotrophic pathogens and to defense mechanisms upon recognition of microbe- associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Participates in the regulation of various molecular and physiological processes that influence fitness. Together with SG101, required for programmed cell death (PCD) triggered by NBS-LRR resistance proteins (e.g. RPS4, RPW8.1 and RPW8.2) in response to the fungal toxin fumo [...] (541 aa)
RPP13Disease resistance protein RPP13; Disease resistance protein. Resistance proteins guard the plant against pathogens that contain an appropriate avirulence protein via an indirect interaction with this avirulence protein. That triggers a defense system including the hypersensitive response, which restricts the pathogen growth. In contrast to other resistance proteins, it works independently of ESD1 and NSD1 proteins and does not require the accumulation of salicylic acid, suggesting the existence of an independent signaling pathway. The specificity to avirulence proteins differs in the [...] (835 aa)
CPSF3030-kDa cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor 30; Component of the cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF) complex that play a key role in pre-mRNA 3'-end formation. May interact with poly(A) polymerase and other factors to bring about cleavage and poly(A) addition (By similarity). Mediates poly(A) site selection. Binds RNA in a calcium- dependent manner. Exhibits endonuclease activity with an ability to nick and degrade linear as well as circular single-stranded RNA that leaves RNA 3' ends with hydroxyl groups, thus mediating processing of the pre-mRNA as a pre [...] (631 aa)
VAD1Protein VASCULAR ASSOCIATED DEATH 1, chloroplastic; Involved in ethylene- and salicylic acid-dependent cell death control associated with cells in the vicinity of vascular bundles. (598 aa)
EDR2Protein ENHANCED DISEASE RESISTANCE 2; Negative regulator of the salicylic acid- (SA-) mediated resistance to pathogens, including the biotrophic powdery mildew pathogens Golovinomyces cichoracearum and Blumeria graminis, and the downy mildew pathogen Hyaloperonospora parasitica, probably by limiting the initiation of cell death and the establishment of the hypersensitive response (HR). Prevents ethylene-induced senescence. Binds to phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PtdIns(4)P) in vitro. (718 aa)
DSC2Disease resistance-like protein DSC2; TIR-NB-LRR receptor-like protein involved in plant defense. Acts as a trigger of hypersensitive response (HR). Functions as guard of CAMTA3, a negative regulator of immunity, during pathogen infection. Belongs to the disease resistance NB-LRR family. (1210 aa)
CBP60GCalmodulin-binding protein 60 G; Transcription activator that binds DNA in a sequence-specific manner, 5'-GAAATTTTGG-3', to promote the expression of target genes. Recruited to the promoter of ICS1 and other defense-related genes (e.g. PR1, PR2 and EDS5) in response to both biotic (e.g. Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola ES4326, P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000, and microbe- associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) such as flg22) and abiotic stresses (e.g. UV-B, drought and abscisic acid), thus triggering rapid defense responses by stimulating salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis. Involved in b [...] (563 aa)
BZIP10Basic leucine zipper 10; Transcription factor that binds to the C-box-like motif (5'- TGCTGACGTCA-3') and G-box-like motif (5'-CCACGTGGCC-3'), ABRE elements, of gene promoters. Binds to the 5'-ACGT-3' motif of seed storage protein (SSP) encoding gene promoters (e.g. At2S and CRU3) and promotes their expression in seeds when in complex with ABI3 and BZIP53. Involved in the defense responses to the biotrophic pathogen Hyaloperonospora parasitica and oxidative stress responses; mediates positively cell death. Promotes BZIP53-mediated response to hypoosmolarity stress that leads to POX1/PR [...] (411 aa)
NDR1Protein NDR1; Involved in disease resistance. Required for resistance conferred by multiple R genes recognizing different bacterial and oomycete pathogen isolates like avirulent P.syringae or H.parasitica (downy mildew). Required for the establishment of hypersensitive response (HR) and systemic acquired resistance (SAR) after infection with the bacterial pathogen P.syringae DC3000 carrying avrRpt2. Required for resistance to the soilborne fungus V.longisporum. Interaction with RIN4 is required for the activation of the R gene RPS2 and RPS2-mediated resistance. (219 aa)
RPS5Disease resistance protein RPS5; Disease resistance (R) protein that specifically recognizes the avrPphB type III effector avirulence protein from Pseudomonas syringae. Also confers resistance against Hyaloperonospora parasitica (downy mildew). Resistance proteins guard the plant against pathogens that contain an appropriate avirulence protein via an indirect interaction with this avirulence protein. That triggers a defense system including the hypersensitive response, which restricts the pathogen growth. Requires PBS1 to trigger the defense reaction against avrPphB. In case of infecti [...] (889 aa)
MKK4Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4; Involved in the second phase of hydrogen peroxide generation during hypersensitive response-like cell death. Involved in the innate immune MAP kinase signaling cascade (MEKK1, MKK4/MKK5 and MPK3/MPK6) downstream of bacterial flagellin receptor FLS2. Activates by phosphorylation the downstream MPK3 and MPK6. YDA-MKK4/MKK5-MPK3/MPK6 module regulates stomatal cell fate before the guard mother cell (GMC) is specified. This MAPK cascade also functions downstream of the ER receptor in regulating coordinated local cell proliferation, which shapes the [...] (366 aa)
SDR3aShort-chain dehydrogenase reductase 3a; Confers resistance to the incompatible pathogenic bacteria P.syringae pv. tomato DC3000 in a PR1-dependent manner. Seems not involved in abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis. Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family. (257 aa)
CHI-BBasic endochitinase B; Defense against chitin-containing fungal pathogens. Seems particularly implicated in resistance to jasmonate-inducing pathogens such as A.brassicicola. In vitro antifungal activity against T.reesei, but not against A.solani, F.oxysporum, S.sclerotiorum, G.graminis and P.megasperma. (335 aa)
CYP18-3Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase CYP18-3; PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides. Involved in de-etiolation. Reduces the sensitivity to brassinosteroids by decreasing somehow the abundance of the partially dephosphorylated form of BES1. Triggers the activation of bacterial AvrRpt2 protease activity upon infection by P.syringae. Activated AvrRpt2 confers virulence in plant lacking the RPS2 resistance gene. In plants expressing RPS2, the AvrRpt2-mediated degradation of RIN4 activates RPS2, w [...] (172 aa)
TGA2Transcription factor TGA2; Transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGACG-3'. Recognizes ocs elements like the as-1 motif of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. Binding to the as-1-like cis elements mediate auxin- and salicylic acid-inducible transcription. Required to induce the systemic acquired resistance (SAR) via the regulation of pathogenesis-related genes expression. Binding to the as- 1 element of PR-1 promoter is salicylic acid-inducible and mediated by NPR1. Could also bind to the C-boxes (5'-ATGACGTCAT-3') with high affinity. (330 aa)
NPR1Regulatory protein NPR1; May act as a substrate-specific adapter of an E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complex (CUL3-RBX1-BTB) which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Key positive regulator of the SA-dependent signaling pathway that negatively regulates JA-dependent signaling pathway. Mediates the binding of TGA factors to the as-1 motif found in the pathogenesis-related PR-1 gene, leading to the transcriptional regulation of the gene defense. Controls the onset of systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Upon SAR induction, [...] (593 aa)
LSD1Protein LSD1; Negative regulator of reactive oxygen-induced cell death, cold stress-induced cell death, pathogen-induced hypersensitive response (HR), basal disease resistance. May be involved in the induction of the copper/zinc superoxide dismutase CSD1 and CSD2 that detoxify accumulating superoxide before the reactive oxygen species (ROS) can trigger a cell death cascade. LSD1 and LOL1 have antagonistic effects on CSD1 and CSD2 accumulation to regulate oxidative stress- induced cell death. Antagonizes the function of BZIP10, a positive regulator of cell death, by interacting in the c [...] (189 aa)
MPK3Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3; Involved in oxidative stress-mediated signaling cascade (such as ozone). Involved in the innate immune MAP kinase signaling cascade (MEKK1, MKK4/MKK5 and MPK3/MPK6) downstream of bacterial flagellin receptor FLS2. May be involved in hypersensitive response (HR)-mediated signaling cascade by modulating LIP5 phosphorylation and subsequent multivesicular bodies (MVBs) trafficking. May phosphorylate regulators of WRKY transcription factors. Mediates the phosphorylation of VIP1 and subsequent stress genes transcription in response to Agrobacterium. MKK9-M [...] (370 aa)
MPK6Mitogen-activated protein kinase 6; Involved in oxidative stress-mediated signaling cascade (such as ozone). Involved in the innate immune MAP kinase signaling cascade (MEKK1, MKK4/MKK5 and MPK3/MPK6) downstream of bacterial flagellin receptor FLS2. May be involved in hypersensitive response (HR)-mediated signaling cascade by modulating LIP5 phosphorylation and subsequent multivesicular bodies (MVBs) trafficking. May phosphorylate regulators of WRKY transcription factors. Phosphorylates 1-aminocyclopropane-1- carboxylic acid synthases (ACS2 and ACS6) and may be involved in the regulati [...] (395 aa)
RPM1Disease resistance protein RPM1; Disease resistance (R) protein that specifically recognizes the AvrRpm1 type III effector avirulence protein from Pseudomonas syringae. Resistance proteins guard the plant against pathogens that contain an appropriate avirulence protein via an indirect interaction with this avirulence protein. That triggers a defense system including the hypersensitive response, which restricts the pathogen growth. Acts via its interaction with RIN4, and probably triggers the plant resistance when RIN4 is phosphorylated by AvrRpm1. It is then degraded at the onset of th [...] (926 aa)
TGA3Transcription factor TGA3; Transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGACG-3'. Recognizes ocs elements like the as-1 motif of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. Binding to the as-1-like cis elements mediate auxin- and salicylic acid-inducible transcription. Required to induce the systemic acquired resistance (SAR) via the regulation of pathogenesis-related genes expression. Binding to the as- 1 element of PR-1 promoter is salicylic acid-inducible and mediated by NPR1. Could also bind to the Hex-motif (5'-TGACGTGG-3') another cis- acting element fo [...] (384 aa)
RPS2Disease resistance protein RPS2; Disease resistance (R) protein that specifically recognizes the AvrRpt2 type III effector avirulence protein from Pseudomonas syringae. Resistance proteins guard the plant against pathogens that contain an appropriate avirulence protein via an indirect interaction with this avirulence protein. That triggers a defense system including the hypersensitive response, which restricts the pathogen growth. Acts via its interaction with RIN4, and probably triggers the plant resistance when RIN4 is degraded by AvrRpt2. (909 aa)
MORC2Protein MICRORCHIDIA 2; Mediator of defense signaling triggered by distinct classes of R proteins. Required during hypersensitive response (HR) that confers disease resistance to turnip crinkle virus (TCV). Contributes to resistance against Pseudomonas syringae and Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis, at early stages prior to cytosolic calcium ions Ca(2+) accumulation. Required for pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity, basal resistance, non-host resistance and systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Involved in RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) as a component of the [...] (626 aa)
MORC1Protein MICRORCHIDIA 1; Mediator of defense signaling triggered by distinct classes of R proteins. Required during hypersensitive response (HR) that confers disease resistance to turnip crinkle virus (TCV). Exhibits ATPase activity. Contributes to resistance against Pseudomonas syringae and Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis, at early stages prior to cytosolic calcium ions Ca(2+) accumulation. Required for pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity (PTI), basal resistance, non-host resistance and systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Binds DNA/RNA in a non-specific manne [...] (635 aa)
RIN4RPM1-interacting protein 4; Essential regulator of plant defense, which plays a central role in resistance in case of infection by a pathogen. It is a common target for both type III avirulence proteins from P.syringae (AvrB, AvrRpm1 and AvrRpt2) and for the plant Resistance (R) proteins RPM1 and RPS2. In strains carrying the appropriate R gene for avirulence proteins of the pathogen, its association with avirulence proteins triggers a defense system including the hypersensitive response, which limits the spread of disease. In contrast, in plants lacking appropriate R genes, its associ [...] (211 aa)
F10B6.18MACPF domain-containing protein At1g14780; Negatively controls the salicylic acid (SA)-mediated pathway of programmed cell death in plant immunity. (627 aa)
MKK5Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 5; Involved in the second phase of hydrogen peroxide generation during hypersensitive response-like cell death. Involved in the innate immune MAP kinase signaling cascade (MEKK1, MKK4/MKK5 and MPK3/MPK6) downstream of bacterial flagellin receptor FLS2. Activates by phosphorylation the downstream MPK3 and MPK6. YDA-MKK4/MKK5-MPK3/MPK6 module regulates stomatal cell fate before the guard mother cell (GMC) is specified. This MAPK cascade also functions downstream of the ER receptor in regulating coordinated local cell proliferation, which shapes the [...] (348 aa)
RIN2E3 ubiquitin protein ligase RIN2; E3 ubiquitin protein ligase that acts as positive regulator of RPM1- and RPS2-dependent hypersensitive response (HR), in association with RIN3. Probably not required for RPM1 degradation during HR. (578 aa)
HSR4Protein HYPER-SENSITIVITY-RELATED 4. (576 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Arabidopsis thaliana
NCBI taxonomy Id: 3702
Other names: A. thaliana, Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh., mouse-ear cress, thale cress, thale-cress
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