Your Input: | |||||
RMI1 | RecQ-mediated genome instability protein 1; Essential component of the RMI complex, a complex that plays an important role in the resolution step of homologous recombination, in a process called Holliday Junction dissolution, to limit DNA crossover formation in cells. Together with TOP3A, is essential for the resolution of meiotic recombination intermediates, a step that prevents entanglement of the parental chromosomes; Belongs to the RMI1 family. (644 aa) | ||||
XRI1 | Protein XRI1; Required for mitotic division of the generative cell nucleus and the development of mature tricellular pollen grains, and for male and female meiosis. (300 aa) | ||||
SMC1 | Structural maintenance of chromosomes protein 1; Central component of cohesin, a complex required for chromosome cohesion during the cell cycle. The cohesin complex may form a large proteinaceous ring within which sister chromatids can be trapped. At anaphase, the complex is cleaved and dissociates from chromatin, allowing sister chromatids to segregate. Cohesion is coupled to DNA replication and is involved in DNA repair. The cohesin complex plays also an important role in spindle pole assembly during mitosis and in chromosomes movement (By similarity). Essential protein plant viabili [...] (1218 aa) | ||||
BRCA2B | Protein BREAST CANCER SUSCEPTIBILITY 2 homolog B; Involved in double-strand break repair and/or homologous recombination by mediating RAD51- and DMC1-facilitated DNA repair. Plays an essential role in both somatic and meiotic homologous recombination. Is crucial for the formation of RAD51 and DMC1 foci during male meiotic homologous recombination in prophase I. (1155 aa) | ||||
BRCA2A | Protein BREAST CANCER SUSCEPTIBILITY 2 homolog A; Involved in double-strand break repair and/or homologous recombination by mediating RAD51- and DMC1-facilitated DNA repair. Plays an essential role in both somatic and meiotic homologous recombination. Is crucial for the formation of RAD51 and DMC1 foci during male meiotic homologous recombination in prophase I. (1151 aa) | ||||
EME1A | Crossover junction endonuclease EME1A; Interacts with MUS81 to form a DNA structure-specific endonuclease with substrate preference for branched DNA structures with a 5'-end at the branch nick. Typical substrates include 3'-flap structures, D-loops, replication forks, nicked Holliday junctions and also intact Holliday junctions with a reduced efficiency. May be required in mitosis for the processing of stalled or collapsed replication fork intermediates. Plays a role in DNA repair and in genotoxic stress-induced homologous recombination (HR) in somatic cells. Mediates a subset of meiot [...] (546 aa) | ||||
MND1 | Meiotic nuclear division protein 1 homolog; Required for proper homologous chromosome pairing and efficient cross-over and intragenic recombination during meiosis. Stimulates both DMC1/LIM15- and RAD51-mediated homologous strand assimilation, which is required for the resolution of meiotic double- strand breaks. (230 aa) | ||||
PCH2 | Pachytene checkpoint protein 2 homolog; Plays a key role in chromosome recombination during meiosis. Mediates meiotic chromosome remodeling and crossover maturation. (467 aa) | ||||
CYCL1-1 | Cyclin-L1-1; Cognate cyclin for CDKG1. Required for synapsis and male meiosis, and for the proper splicing of specific resistance (R) genes. Involved in regulation of DNA methylation and transcriptional silencing. (416 aa) | ||||
DFO | Protein DOUBLE-STRAND BREAK FORMATION; Required for meiotic double-strand break (DSB) formation, the initial event for meiotic recombination. (233 aa) | ||||
ML5 | Protein MEI2-like 5; Probable RNA-binding protein that plays a role in meiosis and vegetative growth. (800 aa) | ||||
ML1 | Protein MEI2-like 1; Probable RNA-binding transcriptional activator that plays a role in meiosis and vegetative growth. May be a downstream effector of TOR signaling pathway and recruited by RAPTOR1 for TOR substrate. (915 aa) | ||||
RFC1 | Replication factor C subunit 1; Plays a role as mediator of transcriptional gene silencing (TGS), DNA replication, DNA repair, hypersensitive response (HR) and telomere length regulation. Is required in meiosis for DNA double- strand break (DSB) repair during meiotic homologous recombination. May participate in the RAD51-mediated recombination intermediate repair process. Is important for lagging strand synthesis. Promotes meiotic recombination via a specific pathway for crossovers (COs) that involves the formation of double Holliday Junction (dHJ) intermediates. (956 aa) | ||||
SMC2-1 | Structural maintenance of chromosomes protein 2-1; Central component of the condensin complex, a complex required for conversion of interphase chromatin into mitotic-like condense chromosomes. The condensin complex probably introduces positive supercoils into relaxed DNA in the presence of type I topoisomerases and converts nicked DNA into positive knotted forms in the presence of type II topoisomerases. Also involved in chromosome segregation in meiosis. (1175 aa) | ||||
BUB3.2 | Mitotic checkpoint protein BUB3.2; Has a dual function in spindle-assembly checkpoint signaling and in promoting the establishment of correct kinetochore-microtubule (K-MT) attachments. Promotes the formation of stable end-on bipolar attachments. Necessary for kinetochore localization of BUB1. The BUB1/BUB3 complex plays a role in the inhibition of anaphase-promoting complex or cyclosome (APC/C) when spindle-assembly checkpoint is activated and inhibits the ubiquitin ligase activity of APC/C by phosphorylating its activator CDC20 (By similarity). (339 aa) | ||||
DYAD | Protein DYAD; Required for fertility. Involved in chromatid cohesion establishment, in chromosome structure during male and female meiosis (e.g. the synapse formation between homologous chromosomes, the recombination, and the cohesion of both chromatid arm and centromere), and in axial element formation. Regulates the switch from mitosis to the reductional meiosis division of megaspores prior to the female gametogenesis (megasporogenesis). (639 aa) | ||||
CDKG1 | Cyclin-dependent kinase G1; Cyclin-dependent kinase involved in pre-mRNA splicing. Required for the correct splicing of the sixth intron of CALS5 pre- mRNA. May stabilize the binding of U1 snRNP to this rare type of intron with a GC 5'SS. Involved in chromosome pairing and is required for the completion of synapsis in male meiocytes at high ambient temperatures. Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. (612 aa) | ||||
SMC4 | Structural maintenance of chromosomes protein 4; Central component of the condensin complex, a complex required for conversion of interphase chromatin into mitotic-like condense chromosomes. The condensin complex probably introduces positive supercoils into relaxed DNA in the presence of type I topoisomerases and converts nicked DNA into positive knotted forms in the presence of type II topoisomerases. Also involved in chromosome segregation in meiosis; Belongs to the SMC family. SMC4 subfamily. (1241 aa) | ||||
CYCA1-2 | Cyclin-A1-2; Involved in the regulation of male meiosis progression. (442 aa) | ||||
HOP2-2 | Homologous-pairing protein 2 homolog; Involved in bivalent formation and segregation of homologous chromosomes in meiosis. (226 aa) | ||||
PANS1 | Protein PATRONUS 1; Required for the maintenance of centromeric cohesion during interkinesis, until meiosis II. Required for regular configuration and segregation of sister chromatids in meiosis II. Also required for centromere cohesion during meiosis I. Involved in spindle organization at the end of telophase I and in meiosis II. Required to prevent precocious release of pericentromeric cohesins during meiosis, but not for cohesion establishment and monopolar orientation of kinetochores at meiosis I. Involved also in somatic development. Regulates mitotic cell division and ploidy stab [...] (193 aa) | ||||
BUB3.1 | Mitotic checkpoint protein BUB3.1; Has a dual function in spindle-assembly checkpoint signaling and in promoting the establishment of correct kinetochore-microtubule (K-MT) attachments. Promotes the formation of stable end-on bipolar attachments. Necessary for kinetochore localization of BUB1. The BUB1/BUB3 complex plays a role in the inhibition of anaphase-promoting complex or cyclosome (APC/C) when spindle-assembly checkpoint is activated and inhibits the ubiquitin ligase activity of APC/C by phosphorylating its activator CDC20 (By similarity). Essential for gametophyte development; [...] (340 aa) | ||||
ZYP1A | Synaptonemal complex protein 1; Required for chromosome synapsis and normal fidelity of crossing over. (871 aa) | ||||
TOP3A | DNA topoisomerase 3-alpha; Releases the supercoiling and torsional tension of DNA introduced during the DNA replication and transcription by transiently cleaving and rejoining one strand of the DNA duplex. Introduces a single-strand break via transesterification at a target site in duplex DNA. The scissile phosphodiester is attacked by the catalytic tyrosine of the enzyme, resulting in the formation of a DNA-(5'-phosphotyrosyl)- enzyme intermediate and the expulsion of a 3'-OH DNA strand. The free DNA strand then undergoes passage around the unbroken strand thus removing DNA supercoils [...] (926 aa) | ||||
ML4 | Protein MEI2-like 4; Probable RNA-binding protein that plays a role in meiosis and vegetative growth. (907 aa) | ||||
EMS1 | Leucine-rich repeat receptor protein kinase EMS1; Receptor with a serine/threonine-protein kinase activity required for the specification of the correct number of male archesporial initials and for the subsequent specification of tapetal and middle cell layer identities. In seeds, required for enhancing cell size and the rate of embryonic development. (1192 aa) | ||||
ATM | Serine/threonine-protein kinase ATM; Serine/threonine protein kinase which activates checkpoint signaling upon genotoxic stresses such as ionizing radiation (IR) or DNA replication stalling. Plays a central role in the perception and response to both stress-induced damage in somatic cells and developmentally programmed DNA damage during meiosis. Recognizes the substrate consensus sequence [ST]-Q. Phosphorylates histone variant H2AX to form H2AXS139ph at double strand breaks (DSBs), thereby regulating DNA damage response mechanism. Involved in transcriptional regulation of RAD51, PARP1, [...] (3856 aa) | ||||
SPO11-2 | Meiotic recombination protein SPO11-2; Component of a topoisomerase 6 complex specifically required for meiotic recombination. Together with MTOPVIB, mediates DNA cleavage that forms the double-strand breaks (DSB) that initiate meiotic recombination. The complex promotes relaxation of negative and positive supercoiled DNA and DNA decatenation through cleavage and ligation cycles. Belongs to the TOP6A family. (383 aa) | ||||
SPO11-1 | Meiotic recombination protein SPO11-1; Component of a topoisomerase 6 complex specifically required for meiotic recombination. Together with MTOPVIB, mediates DNA cleavage that forms the double-strand breaks (DSB) that initiate meiotic recombination. The complex promotes relaxation of negative and positive supercoiled DNA and DNA decatenation through cleavage and ligation cycles. Belongs to the TOP6A family. (362 aa) | ||||
MCC1 | Histone acetyltransferase MCC1; Histone acetyltransferase that probably regulates acetylation status of histone H3 during meiosis. Histone acetylation may influence recombination and chromosome segregation. (247 aa) | ||||
SYN1 | Sister chromatid cohesion 1 protein 1; Involved in chromosome condensation, pairing and segregation during meiosis. Responsible for cohesion between replicated sister chromatids. (627 aa) | ||||
MCM8 | Probable DNA helicase MCM8; Probable DNA helicase that plays a role in meiotic double- strand break (DSB) repair, but seems not required for recombination with the homologous chromosome. May be involved with RAD51 in a backup pathway that repairs meiotic DSB without giving meiotic crossover, in parallel to the meiotic homologous recombination which relies on DMC1. Belongs to the MCM family. (801 aa) | ||||
ML2 | Protein MEI2-like 2; Probable RNA-binding protein that plays a role in meiosis and vegetative growth. (843 aa) | ||||
RAD50 | DNA repair protein RAD50; Implicated in double-strand breaks (DSBs) repair by non- homologous end joining (NHEJ). Involved in telomere maintenance. Involved in telomerase action on chromosome ends. Required during meiosis for both male and female gametophytic development, for pairing and synapsis of homologous chromosomes during the early stages of meiotic recombination, especially during the pachytene stage of the first division. Belongs to the SMC family. RAD50 subfamily. (1316 aa) | ||||
SMC2-2 | Structural maintenance of chromosomes protein 2-2; Central component of the condensin complex, a complex required for conversion of interphase chromatin into mitotic-like condense chromosomes. The condensin complex probably introduces positive supercoils into relaxed DNA in the presence of type I topoisomerases and converts nicked DNA into positive knotted forms in the presence of type II topoisomerases. Also involved in chromosome segregation in meiosis. (1171 aa) | ||||
MS5 | Protein POLLENLESS 3; Essential for male fertility, especially for microspore and pollen grain production. Involved in the regulation of cell division after male meiosis I and II to facilitate exit from meiosis and transition to G1. (434 aa) | ||||
ML3-2 | Protein MEI2-like 3; Probable RNA-binding protein that plays a role in meiosis and vegetative growth. (759 aa) | ||||
MRE11 | Double-strand break repair protein MRE11; Involved in DNA double-strand break repair (DSBR). Possesses single-strand endonuclease activity and double-strand-specific 3'-5' exonuclease activity. Also involved in meiotic DSB processing (By similarity); Belongs to the MRE11/RAD32 family. (720 aa) | ||||
GIG1 | Protein GIGAS CELL1; Negative regulator of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) ubiquitin ligase required for proper mitotic and meiotic progression and cell fate determination. Involved in entry into both meiosis I and meiosis II. Prevents endomitosis by preferentially inhibiting APC/C(CDC20). Required for megagametophyte and endosperm development. Triggers mitotic cyclins (e.g. CYCB1-1 and CYCB1-2) accumulation. Confers immunity to bacterial pathogens (e.g. Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000), which is associated with increased expression of disease resistance (R) gen [...] (243 aa) | ||||
SCC2 | Sister chromatid cohesion protein SCC2; Essential protein required for cell fate determination during embryogenesis. Involved in sister chromatid cohesion during meiosis and mitosis. Forms a complex with SCC4, which is required for the association of the cohesin complex with chromosomes. Plays a structural role in chromatin, especially in centromere organization, chromosomal axis formation, and distribution of the cohesin subunit SCC3 on chromosomes. (1846 aa) | ||||
CTF7 | Protein CHROMOSOME TRANSMISSION FIDELITY 7; Acetyltransferase required for the establishment of sister chromatid cohesion. Involved in preservation of genome integrity and meiosis. Required for DNA repair and for the regulation of chromosome segregation during mitotic cell division. Knock-down mutants are extremely dwarf. (345 aa) | ||||
ZIP4 | TPR repeat-containing protein ZIP4; Required for meiotic chromosome segregation. It is involved in interference-sensitive crossovers (class I meiotic crossover) formation, in both male and female meiosis. Is specific to recombination events resulting in interference-sensitive crossovers (class I meiotic crossover). Not required for synapsis completion. (936 aa) | ||||
PS1 | FHA domain-containing protein PS1; Required for normal spindle orientation at male meiosis II and normal formation of tetrad of microspores. Not involved in female meiosis. (1477 aa) | ||||
EME1B | Crossover junction endonuclease EME1B; Interacts with MUS81 to form a DNA structure-specific endonuclease with substrate preference for branched DNA structures with a 5'-end at the branch nick. Typical substrates include 3'-flap structures, D-loops, replication forks, nicked Holliday junctions and also intact Holliday junctions with a reduced efficiency. May be required in mitosis for the processing of stalled or collapsed replication fork intermediates. Plays a role in DNA repair and in genotoxic stress-induced homologous recombination (HR) in somatic cells. Mediates a subset of meiot [...] (551 aa) | ||||
HEI10 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase CCNB1IP1 homolog; Ubiquitin E3 ligase required for class I crossover (CO) formation during meiosis. (304 aa) | ||||
ASY1 | Meiosis-specific protein ASY1; Required for normal meiosis in male and female gametophytes. Plays a crucial role in coordinating the activity of DMC1, a key member of the homologous recombination machinery. Acts at the interface between the developing chromosome axes and the recombination machinery to ensure DMC1-mediated interhomolog recombination. (596 aa) | ||||
BUB3.3 | Mitotic checkpoint protein BUB3.3; Has a dual function in spindle-assembly checkpoint signaling and in promoting the establishment of correct kinetochore-microtubule (K-MT) attachments. Promotes the formation of stable end-on bipolar attachments. Necessary for kinetochore localization of BUB1. The BUB1/BUB3 complex plays a role in the inhibition of anaphase-promoting complex or cyclosome (APC/C) when spindle-assembly checkpoint is activated and inhibits the ubiquitin ligase activity of APC/C by phosphorylating its activator CDC20 (By similarity); Belongs to the WD repeat BUB3 family. (314 aa) | ||||
JASON | Protein JASON; Required for normal spindle orientation at male meiosis II and normal formation of tetrad of microspores. Acts as positive regulator of PS1 in male sporogenesis. Not involved in female meiosis. (481 aa) | ||||
PTD | Protein PARTING DANCERS; Required for chromosome segregation during meiosis. During diakinesis and prometaphase I, essential for the formation of class I meiotic crossovers and homologous recombination. Belongs to the ERCC1/RAD10/SWI10 family. (250 aa) | ||||
MCM9 | Probable DNA helicase MCM9; Probable DNA helicase that may play a role in DNA repair during meiosis. (646 aa) | ||||
MSH5 | DNA mismatch repair protein MSH5; Involved in meiotic recombination in association with MSH4. Required for reciprocal recombination and proper segregation of homologous chromosomes at meiosis. Promotes homologous recombination through facilitating chiasma formation during prophase I. Involved in the control of class I crossovers formation. Belongs to the DNA mismatch repair MutS family. (807 aa) | ||||
MSH4 | DNA mismatch repair protein MSH4; Involved in meiotic recombination in association with MSH5. Required for reciprocal recombination and proper segregation of homologous chromosomes at meiosis. Promotes homologous recombination through facilitating chiasma formation during prophase I. Involved in the control of class I crossovers formation. Belongs to the DNA mismatch repair MutS family. (792 aa) | ||||
ASY2 | Meiosis-specific protein ASY2; Required for normal meiosis. (1399 aa) | ||||
KNL2 | Kinetochore-associated protein KNL-2 homolog; Involved in recognition of centromeres and centromeric localization of the centromere-specific histone HTR12/CENH3. Required for normal progression of mitosis and meiosis. May play a role in the determination of the epigenetic status of centromeres. Binds DNA and RNA in vitro. Belongs to the KNL2 family. (598 aa) | ||||
MPS1 | Protein MULTIPOLAR SPINDLE 1; Involved in meiotic spindle organization in meiocytes thus regulating chromosome segregation. Required for formation of meiotic DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) during early recombination processes. (377 aa) | ||||
SHOC1 | Protein SHORTAGE IN CHIASMATA 1; Essential for the formation of class I meiotic crossovers. (1594 aa) | ||||
PRD1 | Protein PUTATIVE RECOMBINATION INITIATION DEFECT 1; Involved in DNA cleavage that forms the double-strand breaks (DSB) that initiate meiotic recombination. (1330 aa) | ||||
ZYP1B | Synaptonemal complex protein 2; Required for chromosome synapsis and normal fidelity of crossing over. (856 aa) | ||||
KIN14C | Kinesin-like protein KIN-14C; Kinesin that supports microtubule movement in an ATP- dependent manner and has a minus-end directed polarity. Plays a crucial role in spindle morphogenesis in male meiosis. In mitosis, is required for normal microtubule accumulation at the spindle poles during prophase and may play a role in spindle assembly during prometaphase. Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family. KIN-14 subfamily. (793 aa) | ||||
ASY3 | Meiosis-specific protein ASY3; Required for normal meiosis in male and female gametophytes. Acts with ASY1 at the interface between the developing chromosome axes and the recombination machinery to ensure interhomolog recombination. Required for synaptonemal complex formation during meiosis. (793 aa) | ||||
PRD3 | Putative recombination initiation defects 3; Involved in DNA cleavage that forms the double-strand breaks (DSB) that initiate meiotic recombination. (449 aa) | ||||
SDS | Cyclin-SDS; Meiosis-specific cyclin. Required for normal homolog synapsis and recombination in early to mid-prophase 1. May regulate the timing of sister chromatid separation. (578 aa) | ||||
MIS12 | Protein MIS12 homolog; Constitutive component of kinetochores that is essential for proper cell division during mitotic cell cycle (Probable). May play a role in the modulation of centromere during meiosis. (238 aa) | ||||
DMC1 | Meiotic recombination protein DMC1 homolog; May participate in meiotic recombination, specifically in homologous strand assimilation, which is required for the resolution of meiotic double-strand breaks. Mediates interhomolog recombination during meiosis. (344 aa) | ||||
PHS1 | Protein POOR HOMOLOGOUS SYNAPSIS 1; Required for accurate chromosome segregation in meiosis. Required for pairing to occur between homologous chromosomes. Acts in early recombination steps and ensures pairing fidelity and proper repair of meiotic DNA double-strand-breaks. Regulates recombination and pairing of homologous chromosomes during meiotic prophase by controlling transport of RAD50 from cytoplasm to the nucleus. May affect pairing of the gene-rich fraction of the genome rather than preventing pairing between repetitive DNA elements. (349 aa) | ||||
SMC3 | Structural maintenance of chromosomes protein 3; Central component of cohesin, a complex required for chromosome cohesion during the cell cycle. The cohesin complex may form a large proteinaceous ring within which sister chromatids can be trapped. At anaphase, the complex is cleaved and dissociates from chromatin, allowing sister chromatids to segregate. Cohesion is coupled to DNA replication and is involved in DNA repair. The cohesin complex plays also an important role in spindle pole assembly during mitosis and in chromosomes movement (By similarity). Essential protein plant viabili [...] (1204 aa) | ||||
MER3 | DExH-box ATP-dependent RNA helicase DExH17; DNA helicase required for crossover formation, complete synapsis of homologous chromosomes and bivalent formation during meiosis. Is specific to recombination events resulting in interference- sensitive crossovers (class I meiotic crossover). Belongs to the DExH box helicase family. (1133 aa) | ||||
ESP1 | Separase; Cleaves SYN1, releasing sister chromatid cohesion. Required for the release of cohesin at anaphase I and anaphase II, whereas the release of cohesin during diplotene and diakinesis occurs in a separase-independent process. Essential for embryo and endosperm development. May play a role in centromeric heterochromatin structure/formation during early meiosis, non-homologous centromere association and radial microtubule system (RMS) formation. May regulate the mitosis-specific cyclin CYCB1-1. (2180 aa) | ||||
MTOPVIB | Type 2 DNA topoisomerase 6 subunit B-like; Component of a topoisomerase 6 complex specifically required for meiotic recombination. Together with SPO11 (SPO11-1 and SPO11-2), mediates DNA cleavage that forms the double-strand breaks (DSB) that initiate meiotic recombination. The complex promotes relaxation of negative and positive supercoiled DNA and DNA decatenation through cleavage and ligation cycles. Belongs to the TOP6B-like family. (473 aa) | ||||
MUS81 | Crossover junction endonuclease MUS81; Interacts with EME1 to form a DNA structure-specific endonuclease with substrate preference for branched DNA structures with a 5'-end at the branch nick. Typical substrates include 3'-flap structures, D-loops, replication forks, nicked Holliday junctions and also intact Holliday junctions with a reduced efficiency. May be required in mitosis for the processing of stalled or collapsed replication fork intermediates. Plays a role in DNA repair and in genotoxic stress-induced homologous recombination (HR) in somatic cells. Mediates a subset of meioti [...] (659 aa) |