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| | D6PK | Serine/threonine-protein kinase D6PK; Protein kinase that regulates the auxin transport activity of PIN auxin efflux facilitators by direct phosphorylation. D6PK-mediated PIN phosphorylation promotes auxin transport in the hypocotyl and this is a prerequisite for PHOT1-dependent hypocotyl bending. Phosphorylates PIN1, PIN2, PIN3, PIN4 and PIN7 in vitro and PIN1 in vivo. (498 aa) |
| | PIN5 | Auxin efflux carrier component 5; Auxin transporter regulating intracellular auxin homeostasis and metabolism. Mediates the auxin transport from the cytosol into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. May also act as an auxin efflux carrier when located to the cell membrane. PIN5 and PIN8 may have an antagonistic/compensatory activity. Involved in unfolded protein response (UPR) activation. Involved in the control of vein patterning. Promotes vein formation. PIN5, PIN6, and PIN8 control vein network geometry, but they are expressed in mutually exclusive domains of leaf vascular cells. (351 aa) |
| | LAX3 | Auxin transporter-like protein 3; Carrier protein involved in proton-driven auxin influx. Mediates the formation of auxin gradient from developing leaves (site of auxin biosynthesis) to tips by contributing to the loading of auxin in vascular tissues and facilitating acropetal (base to tip) auxin transport within inner tissues of the root apex, and basipetal (tip to base) auxin transport within outer tissues of the root apex (By similarity); Belongs to the amino acid/polyamine transporter 2 family. Amino acid/auxin permease (AAAP) (TC 2.A.18.1) subfamily. (470 aa) |
| | PILS3 | Protein PIN-LIKES 3; Involved in cellular auxin homeostasis by regulating auxin metabolism. Regulates intracellular auxin accumulation at the endoplasmic reticulum and thus auxin availability for nuclear auxin signaling. (390 aa) |
| | PILS4 | Protein PIN-LIKES 4; Involved in cellular auxin homeostasis by regulating auxin metabolism. Regulates intracellular auxin accumulation at the endoplasmic reticulum and thus auxin availability for nuclear auxin signaling; Belongs to the auxin efflux carrier (TC 2.A.69.2) family. (415 aa) |
| | PILS2 | Protein PIN-LIKES 2; Involved in cellular auxin homeostasis by regulating auxin metabolism. Regulates intracellular auxin accumulation at the endoplasmic reticulum and thus auxin availability for nuclear auxin signaling. (457 aa) |
| | IAA15 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA15; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (179 aa) |
| | ARF21 | Putative auxin response factor 21; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Could act as transcriptional activator or repressor. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (606 aa) |
| | ARF22 | Auxin response factor 22; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Could act as transcriptional activator or repressor. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (598 aa) |
| | WAG1 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase WAG1; Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in the regulation of auxin signaling. Acts as a positive regulator of cellular auxin efflux and regulates organ development by enhancing PIN-mediated polar auxin transport. Phosphorylates conserved serine residues in the PIN auxin efflux carriers. Phosphorylation of PIN proteins is required and sufficient for apical-basal PIN polarity that enables directional intercellular auxin fluxes, which mediate differential growth, tissue patterning and organogenesis. Acts as suppressors of root waving. (476 aa) |
| | SAUR62 | Auxin-responsive protein SAUR62; May promote auxin-stimulated organ elongation, such as hypocotyls, stamen filaments and petals; Belongs to the ARG7 family. (141 aa) |
| | SAUR66 | Auxin-responsive protein SAUR66; May promote auxin-stimulated organ elongation, such as hypocotyls, stamen filaments and petals. Belongs to the ARG7 family. (135 aa) |
| | ARF20 | Auxin response factor 20; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Could act as transcriptional activator or repressor. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (590 aa) |
| | ELP4 | Elongator complex protein 4; Component of the RNA polymerase II elongator complex, a multiprotein complex associated with the RNA polymerase II (Pol II) holoenzyme, and which is involved in transcriptional elongation (By similarity). The elongator complex catalyzes formation of carboxymethyluridine in the wobble base at position 34 in tRNAs (By similarity). Promotes organs development by modulating cell division rate. May regulate mechanisms producing carbon assimilates or importing sucrose. Involved in the repression of the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway during seed germination [...] (355 aa) |
| | PIN1 | Auxin efflux carrier component 1; Acts as a component of the auxin efflux carrier. Seems to be involved in the basipetal auxin transport. Mediates the formation of auxin gradient which is required to ensure correct organogenesis. Coordinated polar localization of PIN1 is directly regulated by the vesicle trafficking process and apical-basal PIN1 polarity also depends on the phosphorylation of conserved serine residues by PID kinase. The ARF-GEF protein GNOM is required for the correct recycling of PIN1 between the plasma membrane and endosomal compartments. (622 aa) |
| | IAA34 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA34; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (185 aa) |
| | ARF18 | Auxin response factor 18; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Could act as transcriptional activator or repressor. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (602 aa) |
| | EBP1 | ERBB-3 BINDING PROTEIN 1; Binds RNA. Associates with 28S, 18S and 5.8S mature rRNAs, several rRNA precursors and probably U3 small nucleolar RNA. May be involved in regulation of intermediate and late steps of rRNA processing. May be involved in ribosome assembly (By similarity). Required for expression of cell cycle genes such as CYCD3-1, RNR2A and CDKB1-1. Promotes, in a dose- and auxin-dependent manner, organ growth by stimulating both cell proliferation and expansion, via the regulation of RBR1 levels. Belongs to the peptidase M24 family. (392 aa) |
| | AUX1 | Auxin transporter protein 1; Carrier protein involved in proton-driven auxin influx. Mediates the formation of auxin gradient from developing leaves (site of auxin biosynthesis) to tips by contributing to the loading of auxin in vascular tissues and facilitating acropetal (base to tip) auxin transport within inner tissues of the root apex, and basipetal (tip to base) auxin transport within outer tissues of the root apex. Unloads auxin from the mature phloem to deliver the hormone to the root meristem via the protophloem cell files. Coordinated subcellular localization of AUX1 is regula [...] (485 aa) |
| | ARF2 | Auxin response factor 2; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Could act as transcriptional activator or repressor. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. Promotes flowering, stamen development, floral organ abscission and fruit dehiscence. Functions independently of ethylene and cytokinin response pathways. May act as a repressor of cell division and organ growth. (859 aa) |
| | MYB124 | Transcription factor MYB124; Transcription factor that binds to DNA in promoters cis- regulatory element 5'-GGCGCGC-3' of cell cycle genes, including cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), and components of the pre- replication complex. Binds to DNA in promoters cis-regulatory element 5'-AGCCG-3' of auxin regulated genes (e.g. PIN3 and PIN7). Together with FAMA and MYB88, ensures that stomata contain just two guard cells (GCs) by enforcing a single symmetric precursor cell division before stomatal maturity. Represses the expression of the mitosis-inducing factors CDKB1-1 and CDKA-1, [...] (436 aa) |
| | LRP1 | Protein LATERAL ROOT PRIMORDIUM 1; Transcription activator that binds DNA on 5'-ACTCTAC-3' and promotes auxin homeostasis-regulating gene expression (e.g. YUC genes), as well as genes affecting stamen development, cell expansion and timing of flowering. Synergistically with other SHI-related proteins, regulates gynoecium, stamen and leaf development in a dose-dependent manner, controlling apical-basal patterning. Promotes style and stigma formation, and influence vascular development during gynoecium development. May also have a role in the formation and/or maintenance of the shoot api [...] (320 aa) |
| | AIR12 | Auxin-induced in root cultures protein 12; One-heme-containing cytochrome. (252 aa) |
| | WAT1 | Protein WALLS ARE THIN 1; Required for secondary wall formation in fibers, especially in short days conditions. Promotes indole metabolism and transport (e.g. tryptophan, neoglucobrassicin and auxin (indole-3-acetic acid)). May prevent salicylic-acid (SA) accumulation. Belongs to the drug/metabolite transporter (DMT) superfamily. Plant drug/metabolite exporter (P-DME) (TC 2.A.7.4) family. (389 aa) |
| | CUL1 | Cullin-1; Involved in ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Regulator of mitotic processes which plays a role during gametogenesis and embryogenesis. Together with SKP1, RBX1 and a F-box protein, it forms a SCF complex. The functional specificity of this complex depends of the type of F-box protein. SCF(UFO) is implicated in floral organ development. SCF(TIR1) is involved in auxin signaling pathway. SCF(COI1) regulates responses to jasmonates. SCF(EID1) and SCF(AFR) are implicated in phytochrome A light signaling. SCF(ADO1/ZTL), SCF(ADO2/LKP2), SCF(A [...] (738 aa) |
| | PIN7 | Auxin efflux carrier component 7; Acts as a component of the auxin efflux carrier. Mediates the initial auxin gradient which contributes to the establishment of the apical-basal axis in early embryogenesis. (619 aa) |
| | HAG3 | Elongator complex protein 3; Catalytic tRNA acetyltransferase subunit of the RNA polymerase II elongator complex, which is a component of the RNA polymerase II (Pol II) holoenzyme and is involved in transcriptional elongation. Involved in tRNA wobble uridine modification. In the elongator complex, acts as a tRNA uridine(34) acetyltransferase by mediating formation of carboxymethyluridine in the wobble base at position 34 in tRNAs (By similarity). Promotes organs development by modulating cell division rate. Required for auxin distribution or signaling. Required for meristem cell cycle [...] (565 aa) |
| | F4N2.12 | Protein BIG GRAIN 1-like E; Involved in auxin transport. Regulator of the auxin signaling pathway; Belongs to the BIG GRAIN 1 (BG1) plant protein family. (321 aa) |
| | ARF16 | Auxin response factor 16; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Could act as transcriptional activator or repressor. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (670 aa) |
| | IAA29 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA29; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (251 aa) |
| | PAM16L2 | Mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase subunit PAM16 like 2; Regulates ATP-dependent protein translocation into the mitochondrial matrix (By similarity). Involved in the uptake of thaxtomin, a phytotoxin produced by Streptomyces bacteria, that causes dramatic cell swelling, reduced seedling growth, and inhibition of cellulose synthesis. Modulates polar auxin transport. Involved in importing a negative regulator of plant immunity into mitochondria, thus protecting plants from over-accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and preventing autoimmunity. Confers sensitivity to [...] (116 aa) |
| | SPK1 | Guanine nucleotide exchange factor SPIKE 1; Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rho and Rac. GEF proteins activate small GTPases by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP. Controls actin polymerization via the two heteromeric complexes WAVE and actin-related protein (ARP) 2/3. Involved in cytoskeletal reorganization required for cell shape (e.g. trichome and cotyledon) control and tissue development. Promotes polarized growth and cell-cell adhesion in the leaf epidermis probably by promoting the formation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) exit site (ERES) and/or trafficking between the [...] (1830 aa) |
| | ARF19 | Auxin response factor 19; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Could act as transcriptional activator or repressor. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. Involved in ethylene responses. Regulates lateral root formation through direct regulation of LBD16 and/or LBD29. Functionally redundant with ARF7. (1086 aa) |
| | IAA32 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA32; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (191 aa) |
| | PIN4 | Auxin efflux carrier component 4; Acts as a component of the auxin efflux carrier. Plays a role in generating a sink for auxin into columella cells. Maintains the endogenous auxin gradient, which is essential for correct root patterning. Involved in EXO70A3-regulated gravitropic responses in columella cells and in root system architecture (RSA). (616 aa) |
| | FBX14 | F-box protein FBX14. (623 aa) |
| | PLS | Peptide POLARIS; Required for correct root growth and vascular development, probably by modulating both cell division rate in meristems and cell elongation in roots. Negative regulator of the ethylene signaling pathway that modulates microtubule cytoskeleton dynamics and auxin transport and homeostasis, and possibly cytokinin signaling, thus influencing root growth and lateral root development. (36 aa) |
| | IAA26 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA26; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (269 aa) |
| | ARF1-2 | Auxin response factor 1; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Seems to act as transcriptional repressor. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. Promotes flowering, stamen development, floral organ abscission and fruit dehiscence. Acts as repressor of IAA2, IAA3 and IAA7. (665 aa) |
| | SRD2 | snRNA-activating protein complex subunit; Transcription activator of small-nuclear RNA genes (snRNA), which have essential roles in pre-mRNA splicing and rRNA processing. Essential protein involved in the establishment of apical meristems and organ primordia, embryogenesis, cell differentiation and cell proliferation, probably by modulating the establishment of auxin gradients. Participates in the control of competence in cell proliferation; required for the reinitiation of the progression of the cell cycle and subsequent cell proliferation during cell redifferentiation leading to call [...] (375 aa) |
| | IAA31 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA31; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (158 aa) |
| | MPK12 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase 12; Negative regulator of the auxin transduction signaling pathway. Involved in stomatal movement regulation by phosphorylating and repressing HT1 and HT1-mediated GHR1 phosphorylation. Required for CO(2)- mediated stomatal movements (e.g. closure). Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase subfamily. (372 aa) |
| | SCI1 | Style cell-cycle inhibitor 1; Component of the auxin signaling transduction pathway that regulates cell proliferation and differentiation during flowers stigmas and styles development. Involved in the regulation of auxin-related genes. (159 aa) |
| | ARF17 | Auxin response factor 17; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Could act as transcriptional activator or repressor. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (585 aa) |
| | RNJ | Ribonuclease J; Essential protein required during embryogenesis, especially in initiating and maintaining the organization of shoot apical meristems (SAMs), cotyledons, and hypocotyls. Involved in auxin-mediated pathways during embryogenesis. RNase that has both endonuclease and 5'-3' exonuclease activities. Involved in RNA surveillance to prevent overaccumulation of antisense RNA. Probably involved in maturation of rRNA and in some organisms also mRNA maturation and/or decay (By similarity). Belongs to the metallo-beta-lactamase superfamily. RNA- metabolizing metallo-beta-lactamase-li [...] (911 aa) |
| | IBR5 | Protein-tyrosine-phosphatase IBR5; Required for the transduction of auxin and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathways. Dephosphorylates and inactivates the MAP kinase MPK12. (257 aa) |
| | PAS1 | Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase PASTICCINO1; PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides (By similarity). Essential protein regulating cell division, adhesion and elongation throughout the plant development and embryogenesis. Required for the spatial organization of apical meristems. Involved in the hormonal control of cell division and differentiation mediated by cytokinins and auxin. Regulates the function of NAC089 transcription factor by controlling its targeting to the nucleus upon plant [...] (635 aa) |
| | SAUR61 | Auxin-responsive protein SAUR61; May promote auxin-stimulated organ elongation, such as hypocotyls, stamen filaments and petals. Belongs to the ARG7 family. (141 aa) |
| | CLE45 | CLAVATA3/ESR (CLE)-related protein 45; Extracellular signal peptide that regulates cell fate. Represses root apical meristem maintenance. Prevents, in a dose-dependent manner, auxin response in the root meristem thus leading in the repression of protophloem differentiation and periclinal sieve element precursor cell division. (124 aa) |
| | PID2 | Protein kinase PINOID 2; Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in the regulation of auxin signaling. Plays a minor role in the regulation of cellular auxin efflux and cotyledon organogenesis. (525 aa) |
| | PLT1 | AP2-like ethylene-responsive transcription factor PLT1; Probably acts as a transcriptional activator. Binds to the GCC-box pathogenesis-related promoter element. May be involved in the regulation of gene expression by stress factors and by components of stress signal transduction pathways (By similarity). Master regulator of basal/root fate. Essential for root quiescent center (QC) and columella specification, stem cell activity, as well as for establishment of the stem cell niche during embryogenesis. Modulates the root polar auxin transport by regulating the distribution of PIN genes [...] (574 aa) |
| | PLT2 | AP2-like ethylene-responsive transcription factor PLT2; Probably acts as a transcriptional activator. Binds to the GCC-box pathogenesis-related promoter element. May be involved in the regulation of gene expression by stress factors and by components of stress signal transduction pathways (By similarity). Master regulator of basal/root fate. Essential for root quiescent center (QC) and columella specification, stem cell activity, as well as for establishment of the stem cell niche during embryogenesis. Modulates the root polar auxin transport by regulating the distribution of PIN genes [...] (568 aa) |
| | CPL2 | RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain phosphatase-like 2; Processively dephosphorylates 'Ser-5' but not 'Ser-2' of the heptad repeats YSPTSPS in the C-terminal domain of the largest RNA polymerase II subunit (RPB1). This promotes the activity of RNA polymerase II. Together with CPL1, required for male gametes fertility. Multifunctional regulator that modulates plant growth, stress, and phytohormones responses. Positive transcription regulator of genes involved in high salinity resistance and auxin mediated signaling pathway. (770 aa) |
| | TIR1 | Protein TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1; Auxin receptor that mediates Aux/IAA proteins proteasomal degradation and auxin-regulated transcription. The SCF(TIR1) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex is involved in auxin-mediated signaling pathway that regulate root and hypocotyl growth, lateral root formation, cell elongation, and gravitropism. Appears to allow pericycle cells to overcome G2 arrest prior to lateral root development. Plays a role in ethylene signaling in roots. Confers sensitivity to the virulent bacterial pathogen P.syringae. (594 aa) |
| | SAUR15 | Auxin-responsive protein SAUR15; Functions as a positive effector of cell expansion through modulation of auxin transport. (89 aa) |
| | SKP1A | SKP1-like protein 1A; Involved in ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Together with CUL1, RBX1 and a F-box protein, it forms a SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. The functional specificity of this complex depends on the type of F-box protein. In the SCF complex, it serves as an adapter that links the F-box protein to CUL1. SCF(UFO) is required for vegetative and floral organ development as well as for male gametogenesis. SCF(TIR1) is involved in auxin signaling pathway. SCF(COI1) regulates responses to jasmonates. SCF(EID1) and SCF(AFR) are implicate [...] (160 aa) |
| | D6PKL2 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase D6PKL2; Protein kinase that regulates the auxin transport activity of PIN auxin efflux facilitators by direct phosphorylation. D6PK-mediated PIN phosphorylation promotes auxin transport in the hypocotyl and this is a prerequisite for PHOT1-dependent hypocotyl bending. (586 aa) |
| | ARAC3 | Rac-like GTP-binding protein ARAC3; Inactive GDP-bound Rho GTPases reside in the cytosol, are found in a complex with Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitors (Rho GDIs), and are released from the GDI protein in order to translocate to membranes upon activation. May be involved in cell polarity control during the actin-dependent tip growth of root hairs. SPK1- dependent activation is required for auxin-mediated inhibition of PIN2 internalization during gravitropic responses. (198 aa) |
| | PP2AA1 | Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A alpha isoform; The A subunit of protein phosphatase 2A serves as a scaffolding molecule to coordinate the assembly of the catalytic subunit and a variable regulatory B subunit. Seems to act as a positive regulator of PP2A catalytic activity. Confers resistance to phosphatase inhibitors such as okadaic acid and cantharidin. Involved during developmental process such as seedling and floral developments, root gravitropism, and stomatal opening regulation. Involved in the regulation of auxin efflux, especially during basip [...] (588 aa) |
| | IAA14 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA14; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (228 aa) |
| | IAA13 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA13; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (247 aa) |
| | IAA12 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA12; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (239 aa) |
| | IAA11 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA11; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (246 aa) |
| | IAA10 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA10; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (261 aa) |
| | IAA9 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA9; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (338 aa) |
| | IAA8 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA8; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (321 aa) |
| | IAA7 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA7; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (243 aa) |
| | IAA6 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA6; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (189 aa) |
| | IAA3 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA3; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Plays a central role in auxin regulation of root growth, in gravitropism, and in lateral root formation. Regulated by an auxin-induced protein turnover. Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response gene [...] (189 aa) |
| | SAUR68 | Auxin-responsive protein SAUR68; May promote auxin-stimulated organ elongation, such as hypocotyls, stamen filaments and petals. Belongs to the ARG7 family. (102 aa) |
| | SMAP2 | Small acidic protein 2; Mediates responses to the synthetic auxin 2,4- dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Not involved in the response to indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). May interact with RUB modification-related components and may regulate the culling-ring ubiquitin E3 ligase complex (CRL) activity. (78 aa) |
| | SAUR65 | Auxin-responsive protein SAUR65; May promote auxin-stimulated organ elongation, such as hypocotyls, stamen filaments and petals. Belongs to the ARG7 family. (148 aa) |
| | RNL | tRNA ligase 1; Essential component of stress-response pathways entailing repair of RNA breaks with 2',3'-cyclic phosphate and 5'-OH ends. Tri-functional enzyme that repairs RNA breaks with 2',3'-cyclic-PO(4) and 5'-OH ends. The ligation activity requires three sequential enzymatic activities: opening of the 2'3'-cyclic phosphodiester bond of the 5' half-tRNA leaving a 2'-phosphomonoester (CPDase activity), phosphorylation of the 5' terminus of the 3' half- tRNA in the presence of ATP (kinase activity) and ligation of the two tRNA halves in an ATP-dependent reaction (ligase activity). D [...] (1104 aa) |
| | SAUR64 | Auxin-responsive protein SAUR64; May promote auxin-stimulated organ elongation, such as hypocotyls, stamen filaments and petals. Belongs to the ARG7 family. (141 aa) |
| | D6PKL3 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase D6PKL3; Protein kinase that regulates the auxin transport activity of PIN auxin efflux facilitators by direct phosphorylation. D6PK-mediated PIN phosphorylation promotes auxin transport in the hypocotyl and this is a prerequisite for PHOT1-dependent hypocotyl bending. (578 aa) |
| | NPF6.3 | Protein NRT1/ PTR FAMILY 6.3; Dual affinity nitrate transporter. Involved in proton- dependent nitrate uptake and in the regulation of the nitrate transporter NRT2.1. Acts also as a nitrate sensor that trigger a specific signaling pathway stimulating lateral root growth and seed germination. The uptake activity is not required for sensor function. Displays an auxin transport facilitation inhibited by high nitrate concentration. Required to prevent auxin accumulation in preemerged lateral root primordia and young lateral roots when external nitrate concentration is low or null. May be i [...] (590 aa) |
| | IAA17 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA17; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (229 aa) |
| | ARF5 | Auxin response factor 5; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Seems to act as transcriptional activator. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. Mediates embryo axis formation and vascular tissues differentiation. Functionally redundant with ARF7. May be necessary to counteract AMP1 activity. (902 aa) |
| | ARF7 | Auxin response factor 7; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Act as a transcriptional activator of several tropic stimulus-induced (TSI) genes, including SAUR50. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. Required for differential growth responses of aerial tissues. Involved in ethylene responses. Regulates lateral root formation through direct regulation of LBD16 and/or LB [...] (1164 aa) |
| | IAA2 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA2; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (174 aa) |
| | IAA1 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA1; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (168 aa) |
| | GSTF2 | Glutathione S-transferase F2; Binds auxin, endogenous flavonoids and the phytoalexin camalexin and may be involved in regulating the binding and transport of small bioactive natural products and defense-related compounds during plant stress. Binds a series of heterocyclic compounds, including lumichrome, harmane, norharmane and indole-3-aldehyde. In vitro, possesses glutathione S-transferase activity toward 1-chloro- 2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) and benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC). Acts as glutathione peroxidase on cumene hydroperoxide, linoleic acid-13- hydroperoxide and trans-stilbene oxid [...] (212 aa) |
| | AXR1 | NEDD8-activating enzyme E1 regulatory subunit AXR1; Regulatory subunit of the dimeric ECR1-AXR1 E1 enzyme. E1 activates RUB1/NEDD8 by first adenylating its C-terminal glycine residue with ATP, thereafter linking this residue to the side chain of the catalytic cysteine, yielding a RUB1-ECR1 thioester and free AMP. E1 finally transfers RUB1 to the catalytic cysteine of RCE1. Plays an important role in auxin response. Regulates the chromosomal localization of meiotic recombination by crossovers (COs) and subsequent synapsis, probably through the activation of a CRL4 complex. Required for [...] (540 aa) |
| | ARF1 | ADP-ribosylation factor 1; GTP-binding protein involved in protein trafficking; required for the sequence-specific vacuolar sorting route to the lytic vacuole, for the ER-to-Golgi transport and for the Golgi-derived transport to the plasma membrane. Involved in the recruitment of COPI and GDAP1 to membranes. Required for recycling of PIN auxin transporters (e.g. PIN1 and PIN2) in a fungal toxin brefeldin A (BFA)- dependent manner. Involved in various auxin-dependent developmental processes. Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Arf family. (181 aa) |
| | ERABP1 | Auxin-binding protein 1; Auxin receptor that controls cell elongation and cell division. Involved in embryonic morphogenesis. Acts on the cell cycle, endocycle, cell plate formation, and cell expansion and contributes to the control of auxin-related gene expression. Controls root meristem size and mediates auxin responsiveness. Involved in activation of ROP GTPases in response to auxin and regulation of clathrin-mediated endocytosis in roots. Acts as a positive factor in clathrin recruitment to the plasma membrane, thereby promoting endocytosis. Upon auxin binding, restricts the intern [...] (198 aa) |
| | IAA5 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA5; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (163 aa) |
| | IAA4 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA4; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (186 aa) |
| | AREP1 | Auxin-responsive endogenous peptide 1; Negative regulator of the auxin response. (40 aa) |
| | ABCB4 | ABC transporter B family member 4; Auxin influx transporter that mediates the transport of auxin in roots. Contributes to the basipetal transport in hypocotyls and root tips by establishing an auxin uptake sink in the root cap. Confers sensitivity to 1-N-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA). Regulates the root elongation, the initiation of lateral roots and the development of root hairs. Can transport IAA, indole-3-propionic acid, NPA syringic acid, vanillic acid and some auxin metabolites, but not 2,4-D and 1- naphthaleneacetic acid. (1286 aa) |
| | SRS2-2 | Protein SHI RELATED SEQUENCE 2; Transcription activator that binds DNA on 5'-ACTCTAC-3' and promotes auxin homeostasis-regulating gene expression (e.g. YUC genes), as well as genes affecting stamen development, cell expansion and timing of flowering. Synergistically with other SHI-related proteins, regulates gynoecium, stamen and leaf development in a dose-dependent manner, controlling apical-basal patterning. Promotes style and stigma formation, and influence vascular development during gynoecium development. May also have a role in the formation and/or maintenance of the shoot apical [...] (322 aa) |
| | SAUR50 | Auxin-responsive protein SAUR50; Effector of hormonal and environmental signals in plant growth. (107 aa) |
| | PID | Protein kinase PINOID; Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in the regulation of auxin signaling. Acts as a positive regulator of cellular auxin efflux and regulates organ development by enhancing polar auxin transport. Phosphorylates conserved serine residues in the PIN auxin efflux carriers. Phosphorylation of PIN proteins is required and sufficient for apical-basal PIN polarity that enables directional intercellular auxin fluxes, which mediate differential growth, tissue patterning and organogenesis. Acts in association with PIN1 to control the establishment of bilateral symmetr [...] (438 aa) |
| | SAUR40 | Auxin-responsive protein SAUR40; Plays a role in the regulation of cell expansion, root meristem patterning and auxin transport. Belongs to the ARG7 family. (134 aa) |
| | IAA20 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA20; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (175 aa) |
| | IAA19 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA19; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (197 aa) |
| | IAA18 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA18; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (267 aa) |
| | IAA16 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA16; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (236 aa) |
| | ARF3 | Auxin response factor 3; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Could act as transcriptional activator or repressor. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. Involved in the establishment or elaboration of tissue patterning during gynoecial development. (608 aa) |
| | SAUR36 | Auxin-responsive protein SAUR36; Acts a positive regulator of leaf senescence and may mediate auxin-induced leaf senescence. Plays a role in the regulation of seed germination by gibberellins and abscisic acid (ABA). Plays a role in the regulation of light-dependent hypocotyl elongation ; Belongs to the ARG7 family. (162 aa) |
| | SRS8 | Protein SHI RELATED SEQUENCE 8; Transcription activator that binds DNA on 5'-ACTCTAC-3' and promotes auxin homeostasis-regulating gene expression (e.g. YUC genes), as well as genes affecting stamen development, cell expansion and timing of flowering. Synergistically with other SHI-related proteins, regulates gynoecium, stamen and leaf development in a dose-dependent manner, controlling apical-basal patterning. Promotes style and stigma formation, and influence vascular development during gynoecium development. May also have a role in the formation and/or maintenance of the shoot apical [...] (173 aa) |
| | EXO70A3 | Exocyst complex component EXO70A3; Component of the exocyst complex involved in the docking of exocytic vesicles with fusion sites on the plasma membrane during regulated or polarized secretion. Involved in PIN4 exocytosis and gravitropic responses in columella cells. By monitoring PIN4 distribution in columella cells, modulates auxin repartition and subsequently regulates the root system architecture (RSA), thus being a component of the auxin-dependent root directional growth (ARD). Belongs to the EXO70 family. (586 aa) |
| | CaMKMT | Calmodulin-lysine N-methyltransferase; Catalyzes the trimethylation of calmodulin. Regulates roots development probably by modulating auxin signaling responses. May be involved in gravitropism. Involved in abscisic acid (ABA)-mediated and abiotic stress responses, including salt (NaCl), cold, drought and heat stresses. (304 aa) |
| | SAUR67 | Auxin-responsive protein SAUR67; May promote auxin-stimulated organ elongation, such as hypocotyls, stamen filaments and petals. Belongs to the ARG7 family. (143 aa) |
| | SAUR63 | Auxin-responsive protein SAUR63; May promote auxin-stimulated organ elongation, such as hypocotyls, stamen filaments and petals; Belongs to the ARG7 family. (141 aa) |
| | PILS1 | Protein PIN-LIKES 1; Involved in cellular auxin homeostasis by regulating auxin metabolism. Regulates intracellular auxin accumulation at the endoplasmic reticulum and thus auxin availability for nuclear auxin signaling. (472 aa) |
| | SAUR32 | Auxin-responsive protein SAUR32; May play a role in the apical hook development. Belongs to the ARG7 family. (121 aa) |
| | ARF4 | Auxin response factor 4; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Could act as transcriptional activator or repressor. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (788 aa) |
| | ARF6 | Auxin response factor 6; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Seems to act as transcriptional activator. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. Regulates both stamen and gynoecium maturation. Promotes jasmonic acid production. Partially redundant with ARF8. (935 aa) |
| | IAA27 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA27; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (305 aa) |
| | ABCB1 | ABC transporter B family member 1; Auxin efflux transporter that acts as a negative regulator of light signaling to promote hypocotyl elongation. Mediates the accumulation of chlorophyll and anthocyanin, as well as the expression of genes in response to light. Participates directly in auxin efflux and thus regulates the polar (presumably basipetal) auxin transport (from root tips to root elongating zone). Transports also some auxin metabolites such as oxindoleacetic acid and indoleacetaldehyde. Involved in diverse auxin-mediated responses including gravitropism, phototropism and latera [...] (1286 aa) |
| | GRH1 | GRR1-like protein 1; Component of SCF(ASK-cullin-F-box) E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, which may mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Auxin receptor that mediates Aux/IAA proteins proteasomal degradation and auxin-regulated transcription. Involved in embryogenesis regulation by auxin. Confers sensitivity to the virulent bacterial pathogen P.syringae. Mediates glucose repression in yeast. (585 aa) |
| | ARF11 | Auxin response factor 11; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Could act as transcriptional activator or repressor. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (622 aa) |
| | ARF12 | Auxin response factor 12; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Could act as transcriptional activator or repressor. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (593 aa) |
| | SHI | Protein SHORT INTERNODES; Transcription activator that binds DNA on 5'-ACTCTAC-3' and promotes auxin homeostasis-regulating gene expression (e.g. YUC genes), as well as genes affecting stamen development, cell expansion and timing of flowering. Synergistically with other SHI-related proteins, regulates gynoecium, stamen and leaf development in a dose-dependent manner, controlling apical-basal patterning. Promotes style and stigma formation, and influences vascular development during gynoecium development. May also have a role in the formation and/or maintenance of the shoot apical meri [...] (331 aa) |
| | IAA28 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA28; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (175 aa) |
| | ARF9 | Auxin response factor 9; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Could act as transcriptional activator or repressor. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (638 aa) |
| | SMAP1 | Small acidic protein 1; Mediates responses to the synthetic auxin 2,4- dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Not involved in the response to indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Interacts with RUB modification-related components and may regulate the cullin-ring ubiquitin E3 ligase complex (CRL) activity. (62 aa) |
| | GRDP2 | Glycine-rich domain-containing protein 2; Involved in development and stress responses, probably through an auxin-dependent mechanism. (787 aa) |
| | GLIP2 | GDSL esterase/lipase 2; Involved in the resistance to the necrotropic bacteria Erwinia carotovora, probably via negative regulation of auxin signaling. Possesses lipase and antimicrobial activities, inhibiting germination of fungal spores (e.g. Alternaria brassicicola). (376 aa) |
| | D6PKL1 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase D6PKL1; Protein kinase that regulates the auxin transport activity of PIN auxin efflux facilitators by direct phosphorylation. D6PK-mediated PIN phosphorylation promotes auxin transport in the hypocotyl and this is a prerequisite for PHOT1-dependent hypocotyl bending. (506 aa) |
| | SAUR28 | Auxin-responsive protein SAUR28; Functions as positive effectors of cell expansion through modulation of auxin transport. (92 aa) |
| | BIG | Auxin transport protein BIG; Required for auxin efflux and polar auxin transport (PAT) influencing auxin-mediated developmental responses (e.g. cell elongation, apical dominance, lateral root production, inflorescence architecture, general growth and development). Controls the elongation of the pedicels and stem internodes through auxin action. Involved in the expression modulation of light-regulated genes. Represses CAB1 and CAB3 genes expression in etiolated seedlings. Confers sensitivity to the auxin transport inhibitors N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA), 2- carboxyphenyl-3-phenylpr [...] (5098 aa) |
| | PIN6 | Auxin efflux carrier component 6; Component of the intracellular auxin-transport pathway. Regulates auxin transport and auxin homeostasis. Directly involved in the regulation of nectar production. Involved in unfolded protein response (UPR) activation. Involved in the control of vein patterning. Redundantly with PIN8, inhibits the vein-formation-promoting functions of PIN5. PIN5, PIN6, and PIN8 control vein network geometry, but they are expressed in mutually exclusive domains of leaf vascular cells. Belongs to the auxin efflux carrier (TC 2.A.69.1) family. (570 aa) |
| | F20D21.2 | Protein BIG GRAIN 1-like B; Involved in auxin transport. Regulator of the auxin signaling pathway; Belongs to the BIG GRAIN 1 (BG1) plant protein family. (366 aa) |
| | ARF10 | Auxin response factor 10; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Could act as transcriptional activator or repressor. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (693 aa) |
| | SRS3 | Protein SHI RELATED SEQUENCE 3; Transcription activator that binds DNA on 5'-ACTCTAC-3' and promotes auxin homeostasis-regulating gene expression (e.g. YUC genes), as well as genes affecting stamen development, cell expansion and timing of flowering. Synergistically with other SHI-related proteins, regulates gynoecium, stamen and leaf development in a dose-dependent manner, controlling apical-basal patterning. Promotes style and stigma formation, and influences vascular development during gynoecium development. May also have a role in the formation and/or maintenance of the shoot apica [...] (174 aa) |
| | MAX2 | F-box protein MAX2; Component of SCF(ASK-cullin-F-box) E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, which may mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Promotes the senescence. Is necessary for responses to strigolactones and karrikins. Contributes to the selective repression of axillary shoots and moderates the branching by regulating negatively the auxin transport in primary stems, in an AXR1-independent manner. Required for the progression of leaf senescence mediated by methyl jasmonate. Required at each node to suppress axillary bud growth. (693 aa) |
| | SRS4 | Protein SHI RELATED SEQUENCE 4; Transcription activator that binds DNA on 5'-ACTCTAC-3' and promotes auxin homeostasis-regulating gene expression (e.g. YUC genes), as well as genes affecting stamen development, cell expansion and timing of flowering. Synergistically with other SHI-related proteins, regulates gynoecium, stamen and leaf development in a dose-dependent manner, controlling apical-basal patterning. Promotes style and stigma formation, and influences vascular development during gynoecium development. May also have a role in the formation and/or maintenance of the shoot apica [...] (222 aa) |
| | PILS5 | Protein PIN-LIKES 5; Involved in cellular auxin homeostasis by regulating auxin metabolism. Regulates intracellular auxin accumulation at the endoplasmic reticulum and thus auxin availability for nuclear auxin signaling. (396 aa) |
| | SAUR71 | Auxin-responsive protein SAUR71; Plays a role in the regulation of cell expansion, root meristem patterning and auxin transport. Belongs to the ARG7 family. (110 aa) |
| | SRS1 | Protein SHI RELATED SEQUENCE 1; Transcription activator that binds DNA on 5'-ACTCTAC-3' and promotes auxin homeostasis-regulating gene expression (e.g. YUC genes), as well as genes affecting stamen development, cell expansion and timing of flowering. Synergistically with other SHI-related proteins, regulates gynoecium, stamen and leaf development in a dose-dependent manner, controlling apical-basal patterning. Promotes style and stigma formation, and influences vascular development during gynoecium development. May also have a role in the formation and/or maintenance of the shoot apica [...] (370 aa) |
| | SIC | Protein SICKLE; Involved in miRNAs and siRNAs biogenesis and thus promotes gene silencing. Modulates auxin (IAA) transport- related developmental programs by regulating protein phosphatase 2A (PP2As)-driven auxin efflux carrier PIN proteins recycling and polarity. Required during development. Necessary for abiotic stress (e.g. chilling and salt) tolerance. (319 aa) |
| | ESR1 | Ethylene-responsive transcription factor ESR1; Regulates gene expression patterns in meristems and thus modulates organ development. Required for correct embryo patterning and cotyledon organogenesis. Modulates auxin signaling pathway in early embryos. Involved in the cytokinin signaling pathway that promotes shoot regeneration. Acts as a transcriptional activator. Binds to the GCC-box pathogenesis-related promoter element. May be involved in the regulation of gene expression by stress factors and by components of stress signal transduction pathways (By similarity). Belongs to the AP2/ [...] (328 aa) |
| | SAUR41 | Auxin-responsive protein SAUR41; Plays a role in the regulation of cell expansion, root meristem patterning and auxin transport; Belongs to the ARG7 family. (147 aa) |
| | LAX2 | Auxin transporter-like protein 2; Carrier protein involved in proton-driven auxin influx. Mediates the formation of auxin gradient from developing leaves (site of auxin biosynthesis) to tips by contributing to the loading of auxin in vascular tissues and facilitating acropetal (base to tip) auxin transport within inner tissues of the root apex, and basipetal (tip to base) auxin transport within outer tissues of the root apex (By similarity); Belongs to the amino acid/polyamine transporter 2 family. Amino acid/auxin permease (AAAP) (TC 2.A.18.1) subfamily. (483 aa) |
| | EIN2 | Ethylene-insensitive protein 2; Central factor in signaling pathways regulated by ethylene (ET), and involved in various processes including development, plant defense, senescence, nucleotide sugar flux, and tropisms. Necessary for ethylene-mediated gene regulation, and for the induction of some genes by ozone. Acts downstream of ET receptors, and upstream of ethylene regulated transcription factors. Required for cytokinin-mediated processes. Seems to be implicated in cross-talk between ET, jasmonate and other pathways. Probably not involved in iron uptake. Has a short half-life and un [...] (1294 aa) |
| | PIN3 | Auxin efflux carrier component 3; Acts as a component of the auxin efflux carrier. Seems to be involved in the lateral auxin transport system and mediates tropic growth. Coordinated polar localization of PIN3 is directly regulated by the vesicle trafficking process. (640 aa) |
| | SRS6 | Protein SHI RELATED SEQUENCE 6; Transcription activator that binds DNA on 5'-ACTCTAC-3' and promotes auxin homeostasis-regulating gene expression (e.g. YUC genes), as well as genes affecting stamen development, cell expansion and timing of flowering. Synergistically with other SHI-related proteins, regulates gynoecium, stamen and leaf development in a dose-dependent manner, controlling apical-basal patterning. Promotes style and stigma formation, and influences vascular development during gynoecium development. May also have a role in the formation and/or maintenance of the shoot apica [...] (183 aa) |
| | T21C14.20 | Protein BIG GRAIN 1-like C; Involved in auxin transport. Regulator of the auxin signaling pathway; Belongs to the BIG GRAIN 1 (BG1) plant protein family. (341 aa) |
| | IAA30 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA30; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (172 aa) |
| | PILS6 | Protein PIN-LIKES 6; Involved in cellular auxin homeostasis by regulating auxin metabolism. Regulates intracellular auxin accumulation at the endoplasmic reticulum and thus auxin availability for nuclear auxin signaling; Belongs to the auxin efflux carrier (TC 2.A.69.2) family. (431 aa) |
| | F14F18.220 | Protein BIG GRAIN 1-like D; Involved in auxin transport. Regulator of the auxin signaling pathway; Belongs to the BIG GRAIN 1 (BG1) plant protein family. (362 aa) |
| | AFB2 | Protein AUXIN SIGNALING F-BOX 2; Component of SCF(ASK-cullin-F-box) E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, which may mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Confers sensitivity to the virulent bacterial pathogen P.syringae (By similarity). Auxin receptor that mediates Aux/IAA proteins proteasomal degradation and auxin- regulated transcription. Involved in embryogenesis regulation by auxin. (575 aa) |
| | MDC16.10 | Protein BIG GRAIN 1-like A; Involved in auxin transport. Regulator of the auxin signaling pathway; Belongs to the BIG GRAIN 1 (BG1) plant protein family. (357 aa) |
| | WAG2 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase WAG2; Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in the regulation of auxin signaling. Acts as a positive regulator of cellular auxin efflux and regulates organ development by enhancing PIN-mediated polar auxin transport. Phosphorylates conserved serine residues in the PIN auxin efflux carriers. Phosphorylation of PIN proteins is required and sufficient for apical-basal PIN polarity that enables directional intercellular auxin fluxes, which mediate differential growth, tissue patterning and organogenesis. Acts as suppressors of root waving. (480 aa) |
| | PIN2 | Auxin efflux carrier component 2; Acts as a component of the auxin efflux carrier. Seems to be involved in the root-specific auxin transport, and mediates the root gravitropism. Its particular localization suggest a role in the translocation of auxin towards the elongation zone. (647 aa) |
| | AFB5 | Transport inhibitor response 1-like protein. (619 aa) |
| | SAUR72 | Auxin-responsive protein SAUR72; Plays a role in the regulation of cell expansion, root meristem patterning and auxin transport. (132 aa) |
| | SRS5 | Protein SHI RELATED SEQUENCE 5; Transcription activator that binds DNA on 5'-ACTCTAC-3' and promotes auxin homeostasis-regulating gene expression (e.g. YUC genes), as well as genes affecting stamen development, cell expansion and timing of flowering. Synergistically with other SHI-related proteins, regulates gynoecium, stamen and leaf development in a dose-dependent manner, controlling apical-basal patterning. Promotes style and stigma formation, and influences vascular development during gynoecium development. May also have a role in the formation and/or maintenance of the shoot apica [...] (346 aa) |
| | ARF14 | Putative auxin response factor 14; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Could act as transcriptional activator or repressor. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (605 aa) |
| | ARF15 | Putative auxin response factor 15; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Could act as transcriptional activator or repressor. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (593 aa) |
| | AFB3 | Protein AUXIN SIGNALING F-BOX 3; Confers sensitivity to the virulent bacterial pathogen P.syringae (By similarity). Component of SCF(ASK-cullin-F-box) E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, which may mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Auxin receptor that mediates Aux/IAA proteins proteasomal degradation and auxin- regulated transcription. Involved in embryogenesis regulation by auxin. (577 aa) |
| | SKP2A | F-box protein SKP2A; Component of SCF(SKP2A) E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, which mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (including cell cycle repressors). Acts as an auxin receptor. Regulates the stability of the transcription factors E2FC and DPB, repressors of cell proliferation. Confers increase tolerance to osmotic stress by promoting cell division, especially in meristems. Promotes the formation of lateral root primordia. (360 aa) |
| | ARF23 | Putative auxin response factor 23; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Could act as transcriptional activator or repressor. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (222 aa) |
| | ABCB19 | ABC transporter B family member 19; Auxin efflux transporter that acts as a negative regulator of light signaling to promote hypocotyl elongation. Mediates the accumulation of chlorophyll and anthocyanin, as well as the expression of genes in response to light. Participates in auxin efflux and thus regulates the polar auxin basipetal transport (from auxin-producing leaves to auxin-sensitive tissues, and from root tips to root elongating zone). Involved in diverse auxin-mediated responses including gravitropism, phototropism and lateral root formation. (1252 aa) |
| | PIN8 | Auxin efflux carrier component 8; Component of the intracellular auxin-transport pathway in the male gametophyte. Involved in the regulation of auxin homeostasis in pollen. Involved in the efflux of auxin from the endoplasmic reticulum into the cytoplasm. PIN5 and PIN8 may have an antagonistic/compensatory activity. Involved in the control of vein patterning. Redundantly with PIN6, inhibits the vein-formation- promoting functions of PIN5. PIN5, PIN6, and PIN8 control vein network geometry, but they are expressed in mutually exclusive domains of leaf vascular cells. (367 aa) |
| | LAX1 | Auxin transporter-like protein 1; Carrier protein involved in proton-driven auxin influx. Mediates the formation of auxin gradient from developing leaves (site of auxin biosynthesis) to tips by contributing to the loading of auxin in vascular tissues and facilitating acropetal (base to tip) auxin transport within inner tissues of the root apex, and basipetal (tip to base) auxin transport within outer tissues of the root apex (By similarity). (488 aa) |
| | FKBP42 | Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP42; PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides (By similarity). Modulates the uptake of MRP substrates into the vacuole; reduces metolachlor-GS (MOC-GS) and enhances 17-beta- estradiol 17-(beta-D-glucuronide) (E(2)17betaG) uptake. Regulates cell elongation and orientation. Functions as a positive regulator of PGP1- mediated auxin transport. Confers drug modulation of PGP1 efflux activity as interaction with NPA or flavonol quercetin prevents its physical an [...] (365 aa) |
| | SRS7 | Protein SHI RELATED SEQUENCE 7; Transcription activator that binds DNA on 5'-ACTCTAC-3' and promotes auxin homeostasis-regulating gene expression (e.g. YUC genes), as well as genes affecting stamen development, cell expansion and timing of flowering. Synergistically with other SHI-related proteins, regulates gynoecium, stamen and leaf development in a dose-dependent manner, controlling apical-basal patterning. Promotes style and stigma formation, and influences vascular development during gynoecium development. May also have a role in the formation and/or maintenance of the shoot apica [...] (345 aa) |
| | ARF13 | Auxin response factor 13; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Could act as transcriptional activator or repressor. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (621 aa) |
| | TOR | Serine/threonine-protein kinase TOR; Essential cell growth regulator that controls development from early embryo to seed production. Controls plant growth in environmental stress conditions. Acts through the phosphorylation of downstream effectors that are recruited by the binding partner RAPTOR. Acts by activating transcription, protein synthesis and ribosome biogenesis, and inhibiting mRNA degradation and autophagy. Can phosphorylate TAP46, a regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A that modulates cell growth and survival. Involved in modulating the transition from heterotrophic [...] (2481 aa) |
| | ELP1-2 | Elongator complex protein 1; Component of the RNA polymerase II elongator complex, a multiprotein complex associated with the RNA polymerase II (Pol II) holoenzyme, and which is involved in transcriptional elongation (By similarity). The elongator complex catalyzes formation of carboxymethyluridine in the wobble base at position 34 in tRNAs (By similarity). Promotes organs development by modulating cell division rate. Required for auxin distribution or signaling. Prevents abscisic acid (ABA) signaling leading to stomatal closure and seedling growth inhibition. Involved in oxidative str [...] (1319 aa) |
| | PILS7 | Protein PIN-LIKES 7; Involved in cellular auxin homeostasis by regulating auxin metabolism. Regulates intracellular auxin accumulation at the endoplasmic reticulum and thus auxin availability for nuclear auxin signaling; Belongs to the auxin efflux carrier (TC 2.A.69.2) family. (395 aa) |
| | IAA33 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA33; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (171 aa) |
| | SAUR24 | Auxin-responsive protein SAUR24; Functions as positive effectors of cell expansion through modulation of auxin transport. (90 aa) |
| | SAUR19 | Auxin-responsive protein SAUR19; Functions as positive effectors of cell expansion through modulation of auxin transport; Belongs to the ARG7 family. (90 aa) |
| | SAUR20 | Auxin-responsive protein SAUR20; Functions as positive effectors of cell expansion through modulation of auxin transport. (91 aa) |
| | SAUR21 | Auxin-responsive protein SAUR21; Functions as positive effectors of cell expansion through modulation of auxin transport. (88 aa) |
| | SAUR22 | Auxin-responsive protein SAUR22; Functions as positive effectors of cell expansion through modulation of auxin transport. (90 aa) |
| | SAUR23 | Auxin-responsive protein SAUR23; Functions as positive effectors of cell expansion through modulation of auxin transport. (90 aa) |
| | TRN1-2 | Protein TORNADO 1; Involved in the basipetal transport of auxin (IAA) that modulates growth and organs organization. Required for initial divisions in the epidermal/lateral root cap leading to the formation of epidermal cells and a clone of lateral root cap cells, as well as for the maintenance of the radial pattern of cell specification in the root, thus regulating the distinction between the lateral root cap and epidermis. (1380 aa) |
| | TRN2 | Protein TORNADO 2; Involved in the basipetal transport of auxin (IAA) that modulates growth and organs organization, as well as cell differentiation. Regulates shoot apical meristem (SAM) organization in the peripheral zone. Required for initial meristematic divisions in the epidermal/lateral root cap leading to the formation of epidermal cells and a clone of lateral root cap cells, as well as for the maintenance of the radial pattern of cell specification in the root, thus regulating the distinction between the lateral root cap and epidermis. Together with WIH peptides, promotes megas [...] (269 aa) |
| | SKP1B | SKP1-like protein 1B; Involved in ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Together with CUL1, RBX1 and a F-box protein, it forms a SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. The functional specificity of this complex depends on the type of F-box protein. In the SCF complex, it serves as an adapter that links the F-box protein to CUL1. SCF(UFO) is required for vegetative and floral organ development as well as for male gametogenesis. SCF(TIR1) is involved in auxin signaling pathway. SCF(COI1) regulates responses to jasmonates. SCF(EID1) and SCF(AFR) are implicate [...] (171 aa) |
| | ARF8 | Auxin response factor 8; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Seems to act as transcriptional activator. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. Regulates both stamen and gynoecium maturation. Promotes jasmonic acid production. Partially redundant with ARF6. Involved in fruit initiation. Acts as an inhibitor to stop further carpel development in the absence of fertilizati [...] (811 aa) |
