Mannose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase 1; Catalyzes a reaction of the Smirnoff-Wheeler pathway, the major route to ascorbate biosynthesis in plants. Plays an essential role in plant growth and development and cell-wall architecture. Provides GDP-mannose, used for cell wall carbohydrate biosynthesis, protein N-glycosylation, as well as for the biosynthesis of the antioxidant ascorbate.

GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase 1; Catalyzes a reaction of the Smirnoff-Wheeler pathway, the major route to ascorbate biosynthesis in plants. Acts as a phosphorylase rather than as a transferase. Uses preferentially GDP-L- galactose and GDP-D-glucose as substrates. Lower activity with GDP-L- fucose, very low activity with GDP-D-mannose, and no activity with UDP- D-glucose, UDP-D-galactose or ADP-D-glucose. Highly specific for inorganic phosphate as the guanylyl acceptor.

Mannose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase 1; Catalyzes a reaction of the Smirnoff-Wheeler pathway, the major route to ascorbate biosynthesis in plants. Plays an essential role in plant growth and development and cell-wall architecture. Provides GDP-mannose, used for cell wall carbohydrate biosynthesis, protein N-glycosylation, as well as for the biosynthesis of the antioxidant ascorbate.

Inositol-phosphate phosphatase; Phosphatase acting on L-galactose 1-phosphate (L-Gal 1-P), D- myoinositol 3-phosphate (D-Ins 3-P) and D-myoinositol 1-phosphate (D- Ins 1-P). Can also use beta-glycerophosphate (glycerol 2-P) and, to a lesser extent, D-galactose 1-phosphate (D-Gal 1-P), alpha-D-glucose 1- phosphate (a-D-Glc 1-P), D-manitol 1-phosphate and adenosine 2'- monophosphate as substrates. No activity with D-fructose 1-phosphate (D-Fru 1-P), fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (Fru 1,6-bisP), D-glucose 6- phosphate (D-Glc 6-P), D-alpha-glycerophosphate (glycerol 3-P), D- sorbitol 6-phospha [...]

Regulatory protein NPR1; May act as a substrate-specific adapter of an E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complex (CUL3-RBX1-BTB) which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Key positive regulator of the SA-dependent signaling pathway that negatively regulates JA-dependent signaling pathway. Mediates the binding of TGA factors to the as-1 motif found in the pathogenesis-related PR-1 gene, leading to the transcriptional regulation of the gene defense. Controls the onset of systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Upon SAR induction, [...]

Lipase-like PAD4; Probable lipase required downstream of MPK4 for accumulation of the plant defense-potentiating molecule, salicylic acid, thus contributing to the plant innate immunity against invasive biotrophic pathogens and to defense mechanisms upon recognition of microbe- associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Participates in the regulation of various molecular and physiological processes that influence fitness. Together with SG101, required for programmed cell death (PCD) triggered by NBS-LRR resistance proteins (e.g. RPS4, RPW8.1 and RPW8.2) in response to the fungal toxin fumo [...]

Lipase-like PAD4; Probable lipase required downstream of MPK4 for accumulation of the plant defense-potentiating molecule, salicylic acid, thus contributing to the plant innate immunity against invasive biotrophic pathogens and to defense mechanisms upon recognition of microbe- associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Participates in the regulation of various molecular and physiological processes that influence fitness. Together with SG101, required for programmed cell death (PCD) triggered by NBS-LRR resistance proteins (e.g. RPS4, RPW8.1 and RPW8.2) in response to the fungal toxin fumo [...]

Regulatory protein NPR1; May act as a substrate-specific adapter of an E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complex (CUL3-RBX1-BTB) which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Key positive regulator of the SA-dependent signaling pathway that negatively regulates JA-dependent signaling pathway. Mediates the binding of TGA factors to the as-1 motif found in the pathogenesis-related PR-1 gene, leading to the transcriptional regulation of the gene defense. Controls the onset of systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Upon SAR induction, [...]

GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase 1; Catalyzes a reaction of the Smirnoff-Wheeler pathway, the major route to ascorbate biosynthesis in plants. Acts as a phosphorylase rather than as a transferase. Uses preferentially GDP-L- galactose and GDP-D-glucose as substrates. Lower activity with GDP-L- fucose, very low activity with GDP-D-mannose, and no activity with UDP- D-glucose, UDP-D-galactose or ADP-D-glucose. Highly specific for inorganic phosphate as the guanylyl acceptor.

Mannose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase 1; Catalyzes a reaction of the Smirnoff-Wheeler pathway, the major route to ascorbate biosynthesis in plants. Plays an essential role in plant growth and development and cell-wall architecture. Provides GDP-mannose, used for cell wall carbohydrate biosynthesis, protein N-glycosylation, as well as for the biosynthesis of the antioxidant ascorbate.

GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase 1; Catalyzes a reaction of the Smirnoff-Wheeler pathway, the major route to ascorbate biosynthesis in plants. Acts as a phosphorylase rather than as a transferase. Uses preferentially GDP-L- galactose and GDP-D-glucose as substrates. Lower activity with GDP-L- fucose, very low activity with GDP-D-mannose, and no activity with UDP- D-glucose, UDP-D-galactose or ADP-D-glucose. Highly specific for inorganic phosphate as the guanylyl acceptor.

Inositol-phosphate phosphatase; Phosphatase acting on L-galactose 1-phosphate (L-Gal 1-P), D- myoinositol 3-phosphate (D-Ins 3-P) and D-myoinositol 1-phosphate (D- Ins 1-P). Can also use beta-glycerophosphate (glycerol 2-P) and, to a lesser extent, D-galactose 1-phosphate (D-Gal 1-P), alpha-D-glucose 1- phosphate (a-D-Glc 1-P), D-manitol 1-phosphate and adenosine 2'- monophosphate as substrates. No activity with D-fructose 1-phosphate (D-Fru 1-P), fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (Fru 1,6-bisP), D-glucose 6- phosphate (D-Glc 6-P), D-alpha-glycerophosphate (glycerol 3-P), D- sorbitol 6-phospha [...]

Inositol-phosphate phosphatase; Phosphatase acting on L-galactose 1-phosphate (L-Gal 1-P), D- myoinositol 3-phosphate (D-Ins 3-P) and D-myoinositol 1-phosphate (D- Ins 1-P). Can also use beta-glycerophosphate (glycerol 2-P) and, to a lesser extent, D-galactose 1-phosphate (D-Gal 1-P), alpha-D-glucose 1- phosphate (a-D-Glc 1-P), D-manitol 1-phosphate and adenosine 2'- monophosphate as substrates. No activity with D-fructose 1-phosphate (D-Fru 1-P), fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (Fru 1,6-bisP), D-glucose 6- phosphate (D-Glc 6-P), D-alpha-glycerophosphate (glycerol 3-P), D- sorbitol 6-phospha [...]

Mannose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase 1; Catalyzes a reaction of the Smirnoff-Wheeler pathway, the major route to ascorbate biosynthesis in plants. Plays an essential role in plant growth and development and cell-wall architecture. Provides GDP-mannose, used for cell wall carbohydrate biosynthesis, protein N-glycosylation, as well as for the biosynthesis of the antioxidant ascorbate.

Inositol-phosphate phosphatase; Phosphatase acting on L-galactose 1-phosphate (L-Gal 1-P), D- myoinositol 3-phosphate (D-Ins 3-P) and D-myoinositol 1-phosphate (D- Ins 1-P). Can also use beta-glycerophosphate (glycerol 2-P) and, to a lesser extent, D-galactose 1-phosphate (D-Gal 1-P), alpha-D-glucose 1- phosphate (a-D-Glc 1-P), D-manitol 1-phosphate and adenosine 2'- monophosphate as substrates. No activity with D-fructose 1-phosphate (D-Fru 1-P), fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (Fru 1,6-bisP), D-glucose 6- phosphate (D-Glc 6-P), D-alpha-glycerophosphate (glycerol 3-P), D- sorbitol 6-phospha [...]

GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase 1; Catalyzes a reaction of the Smirnoff-Wheeler pathway, the major route to ascorbate biosynthesis in plants. Acts as a phosphorylase rather than as a transferase. Uses preferentially GDP-L- galactose and GDP-D-glucose as substrates. Lower activity with GDP-L- fucose, very low activity with GDP-D-mannose, and no activity with UDP- D-glucose, UDP-D-galactose or ADP-D-glucose. Highly specific for inorganic phosphate as the guanylyl acceptor.