Your Input: | |
| | CYP94C1 | Cytochrome P450 94C1; Involved in the oxidation of the plant hormone jasmonoyl-L- isoleucine (JA-Ile), a bioactive phytohormone of the jasmonate-mediated signaling pathway. Converts 12-hydroxy-JA-Ile (12OH-JA-Ile) to the carboxy-derivative 12COOH-JA-Ile. Exerts negative feedback control on JA-Ile levels and plays a role in attenuation of jasmonate responses. Functions also as in-chain fatty acids hydroxylase in vitro. Catalyzes the hydroxylation of 12-hydroxy-jasmonoyl- L-phenylalanine (12OH-JA-Phe) in vitro. Converts 12OH-JA-Phe to the carboxy-derivative 12COOH-JA-Phe. Belongs to the [...] (495 aa) |
| | DXPS1 | 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase 1. (677 aa) |
| | F7H19.50 | 2-oxoglutarate (2OG) and Fe(II)-dependent oxygenase superfamily protein. (153 aa) |
| | CBP60G | Calmodulin-binding protein 60 G; Transcription activator that binds DNA in a sequence-specific manner, 5'-GAAATTTTGG-3', to promote the expression of target genes. Recruited to the promoter of ICS1 and other defense-related genes (e.g. PR1, PR2 and EDS5) in response to both biotic (e.g. Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola ES4326, P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000, and microbe- associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) such as flg22) and abiotic stresses (e.g. UV-B, drought and abscisic acid), thus triggering rapid defense responses by stimulating salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis. Involved in b [...] (563 aa) |
| | FLA8 | Fasciclin-like arabinogalactan protein 8; May be a cell surface adhesion protein; Belongs to the fasciclin-like AGP family. (420 aa) |
| | CLH1 | Chlorophyllase-1; Catalyzes the hydrolysis of ester bond in chlorophyll to yield chlorophyllide and phytol. Shows a preferential activity toward chlorophyll a; Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. Lipase family. (324 aa) |
| | CYP71A13 | Indoleacetaldoxime dehydratase; Involved in the biosynthesis of the indole-derived phytoalexin camalexin. Catalyzes the conversion of indole-3- acetaldoxime to indole-3-acetonitrile. Required for resistance to A.brassicicola and B.cinerea; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (497 aa) |
| | MYB34 | Transcription factor MYB34; Transcription factor involved in tryptophan gene activation and in indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and indolic glucosinolates (IG) biosynthesis. Acts as a direct transcriptional activator of both Trp synthesis genes and Trp secondary metabolism genes. (295 aa) |
| | CYP710A1 | Cytochrome P450 710A1; Required to form the C-22 double bond in the sterol side chain. Possesses in vitro C-22 desaturase activity toward beta- sitosterol and produces stigmasterol. No activity with campesterol. Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (495 aa) |
| | SCPL10 | Serine carboxypeptidase-like 10; Involved in the biosynthesis of sinapoylated anthocyanins. (437 aa) |
| | T5J17.9 | Cupredoxin superfamily protein; Belongs to the multicopper oxidase family. (582 aa) |
| | ANS | Probable 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase ANS; Involved in anthocyanin and protoanthocyanidin biosynthesis by catalyzing the oxidation of leucoanthocyanidins into anthocyanidins. (353 aa) |
| | SDR3a | Short-chain dehydrogenase reductase 3a; Confers resistance to the incompatible pathogenic bacteria P.syringae pv. tomato DC3000 in a PR1-dependent manner. Seems not involved in abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis. Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family. (257 aa) |
| | CYP79B2 | Tryptophan N-monooxygenase 1; Converts tryptophan to indole-3-acetaldoxime, a precursor for tryptophan-derived glucosinolates and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Involved in the biosynthetic pathway to 4-hydroxyindole-3-carbonyl nitrile (4-OH-ICN), a cyanogenic metabolite required for inducible pathogen defense. Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (541 aa) |
| | CHI-B | Basic endochitinase B; Defense against chitin-containing fungal pathogens. Seems particularly implicated in resistance to jasmonate-inducing pathogens such as A.brassicicola. In vitro antifungal activity against T.reesei, but not against A.solani, F.oxysporum, S.sclerotiorum, G.graminis and P.megasperma. (335 aa) |
| | HSP70-1 | Heat shock 70 kDa protein 1; In cooperation with other chaperones, Hsp70s are key components that facilitate folding of de novo synthesized proteins, assist translocation of precursor proteins into organelles, and are responsible for degradation of damaged protein under stress conditions (Probable). Probably involved in defense response. Chaperone involved in protein targeting to chloroplasts. May cooperate with SGT1 and HSP90 in R gene-mediated resistance towards the oomycete Hyaloperonospora parasitica (downy mildew). Plays a role with WPP-domain proteins in facilitating WIT1 nuclear [...] (651 aa) |
| | HSP90-1 | Heat shock protein 90-1; Functions as a holding molecular chaperone (holdase) which stabilizes unfolding protein intermediates and rapidly releases them in an active form once stress has abated. Functions as a folding molecular chaperone (foldase) that assists the non-covalent folding of proteins in an ATP-dependent manner. Molecular chaperone involved in R gene-mediated disease resistance. Required for full RPS2- mediated resistance through interaction with RAR1. Possesses probably ATPase activity. (700 aa) |
| | PR5 | Pathogenesis-related protein 5; Partially responsible for acquired pathogen resistance. (239 aa) |
| | DMT1 | DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1; Maintains chromatin CpG methylation that plays a role in genomic imprinting, regulation of embryogenesis and seed viability. Required for proper patterns of CG DNA methylation in dividing cells. Required for MEA promoter methylation in seeds. (1534 aa) |
| | LOX2 | Lipoxygenase 2, chloroplastic; 13S-lipoxygenase that can use linolenic acid as substrates. Plant lipoxygenases may be involved in a number of diverse aspects of plant physiology including growth and development, pest resistance, and senescence or responses to wounding. Catalyzes the hydroperoxidation of lipids containing a cis,cis-1,4-pentadiene structure. Required for the wound-induced synthesis of jasmonic acid (JA) in leaves. (896 aa) |
| | DFRA | Dihydroflavonol 4-reductase; Bifunctional enzyme involved in flavonoid metabolism. (382 aa) |
| | AIG2A | Protein AIG2 A; Putative gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase. Belongs to the gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase family. (170 aa) |
| | NPR1 | Regulatory protein NPR1; May act as a substrate-specific adapter of an E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complex (CUL3-RBX1-BTB) which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Key positive regulator of the SA-dependent signaling pathway that negatively regulates JA-dependent signaling pathway. Mediates the binding of TGA factors to the as-1 motif found in the pathogenesis-related PR-1 gene, leading to the transcriptional regulation of the gene defense. Controls the onset of systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Upon SAR induction, [...] (593 aa) |
| | XTH31 | Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase protein 31; Catalyzes xyloglucan endohydrolysis (XEH) and/or endotransglycosylation (XET). Cleaves and religates xyloglucan polymers, an essential constituent of the primary cell wall, and thereby participates in cell wall construction of growing tissues. Involved in the accumulation of hemicelluloses. Has a high XEH activity and only a slight XET activity in vitro, but the main in planta activity seems to be XET, thus controlling aluminum sensitivity. Acceptor preferences are XXXGol = XXFGol > XXLGol > XLLGol = XLFGol ; Belongs to the glycosyl [...] (293 aa) |
| | PIP | Proline iminopeptidase; Specifically catalyzes the removal of N-terminal proline residues from peptides; Belongs to the peptidase S33 family. (380 aa) |
| | ACS2 | 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 2; 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase (ACS) enzymes catalyze the conversion of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) into 1- aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC), a direct precursor of ethylene; Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. (496 aa) |
| | BCB | Blue copper protein; Probably acts as an electron carrier. (196 aa) |
| | UGT75C1 | UDP-glycosyltransferase 75C1; Catalyzes the glycosylation of anthocyanins from UDP-glucose. Belongs to the UDP-glycosyltransferase family. (456 aa) |
| | MPK3 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3; Involved in oxidative stress-mediated signaling cascade (such as ozone). Involved in the innate immune MAP kinase signaling cascade (MEKK1, MKK4/MKK5 and MPK3/MPK6) downstream of bacterial flagellin receptor FLS2. May be involved in hypersensitive response (HR)-mediated signaling cascade by modulating LIP5 phosphorylation and subsequent multivesicular bodies (MVBs) trafficking. May phosphorylate regulators of WRKY transcription factors. Mediates the phosphorylation of VIP1 and subsequent stress genes transcription in response to Agrobacterium. MKK9-M [...] (370 aa) |
| | MPK6 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase 6; Involved in oxidative stress-mediated signaling cascade (such as ozone). Involved in the innate immune MAP kinase signaling cascade (MEKK1, MKK4/MKK5 and MPK3/MPK6) downstream of bacterial flagellin receptor FLS2. May be involved in hypersensitive response (HR)-mediated signaling cascade by modulating LIP5 phosphorylation and subsequent multivesicular bodies (MVBs) trafficking. May phosphorylate regulators of WRKY transcription factors. Phosphorylates 1-aminocyclopropane-1- carboxylic acid synthases (ACS2 and ACS6) and may be involved in the regulati [...] (395 aa) |
| | XTH4 | Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase protein 4; Catalyzes xyloglucan endohydrolysis (XEH) and/or endotransglycosylation (XET). Cleaves and religates xyloglucan polymers, an essential constituent of the primary cell wall, and thereby participates in cell wall construction of growing tissues. (296 aa) |
| | ZAT12 | Zinc finger protein ZAT12; Transcriptional repressor involved in light acclimation, cold and oxidative stress responses. May regulate a collection of transcripts involved in response to high-light, cold and oxidative stress. (162 aa) |
| | SAG101 | Senescence-associated carboxylesterase 101; Acyl hydrolase that triggers the leaf senescence onset. Can use triolein as substrate to produce oleic acids. (537 aa) |
| | CYP79B3 | Tryptophan N-monooxygenase 2; Converts tryptophan to indole-3-acetaldoxime, a precursor for tryptophan derived glucosinolates and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (543 aa) |
| | NPR4 | Regulatory protein NPR4; May act as a substrate-specific adapter of an E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complex (CUL3-RBX1-BTB) which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of basal defense responses against pathogens, and may be implicated in the cross-talk between the SA- and JA-dependent signaling pathways. (574 aa) |
| | BSMT1 | Salicylate/benzoate carboxyl methyltransferase; Methyltransferase involved in the biosynthesis of methylsalicylate in response to stresses. Utilizes salicylic acid (SA) more efficiently than benzoic acid (BA). Can also use anthranilic acid and m-hydroxybenzoic acid as substrate. (379 aa) |
| | RHIP1 | RGS1-HXK1-interacting protein 1; Required for some glucose-regulated gene expression, being a physical connection between RGS1 and HXK1 in sugar signaling. Prevents roots and inflorecences growth. (263 aa) |
| | GRXS13 | Monothiol glutaredoxin-S13; May only reduce GSH-thiol disulfides, but not protein disulfides. (150 aa) |
| | LHT7 | Lysine histidine transporter-like 7; Amino acid transporter; Belongs to the amino acid/polyamine transporter 2 family. Amino acid/auxin permease (AAAP) (TC 2.A.18.2) subfamily. (478 aa) |
| | WRKY38 | Probable WRKY transcription factor 38; Transcription factor. Interacts specifically with the W box (5'-(T)TGAC[CT]-3'), a frequently occurring elicitor-responsive cis- acting element (By similarity). (289 aa) |
| | CRK45 | Cysteine-rich receptor-like protein kinase 45; Forms a complex with CRK36 that may negatively control abscisic acid (ABA) and osmotic stress signal transduction. Involved in plant response to ABA during seed germination, early seedling growth and responses to abiotic stresses by inducing the expression of ABA-responsive genes and stress-inducible genes. Acts as positive regulator in disease resistance, downstream of NPR1 and WRKY70. Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CRK subfamily. (351 aa) |
| | ACS12 | Probable aminotransferase ACS12; Probable aminotransferase. Does not have 1-aminocyclopropane- 1-carboxylate synthase (ACS) activity, suggesting that it is not involved in ethylene biosynthesis. (495 aa) |
| | SCPL13 | Serine carboxypeptidase-like 13; Catalyzes the formation of 1,2-bis-O-sinapoyl beta-D- glucoside. (430 aa) |
| | NPR3 | Regulatory protein NPR3; May act as a substrate-specific adapter of an E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complex (CUL3-RBX1-BTB) which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of basal defense responses against pathogens. (586 aa) |
| | AGP5 | Classical arabinogalactan protein 5; Proteoglycan that seems to be implicated in diverse developmental roles such as differentiation, cell-cell recognition, embryogenesis and programmed cell death; Belongs to the classical AGP family. (133 aa) |
| | SCPL8 | Serine carboxypeptidase-like 8; Involved in plants secondary metabolism. Functions as acyltransferase to form the sinapate ester sinapoylmalate. Also capable of catalyzing the formation of 1,2-bis-O-sinapoyl beta-D-glucoside. (433 aa) |
| | WRKY33 | Probable WRKY transcription factor 33; Transcription factor. Interacts specifically with the W box (5'-TTGAC[CT]-3'), a frequently occurring elicitor-responsive cis- acting element. Involved in defense responses. Required for resistance to the necrotrophic fungal pathogen B.cinerea. Regulates the antagonistic relationship between defense pathways mediating responses to the bacterial pathogen P. syringae and the necrotrophic pathogen B.cinerea. Required for the phytoalexin camalexin synthesis following infection with B.cinerea. Acts as positive regulator of the camalexin biosynthetic ge [...] (519 aa) |
| | TIFY7 | Protein TIFY 7; Repressor of jasmonate responses. Jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA- Ile) specifically promotes COI1-TIFY7/JAZ9 interaction. Belongs to the TIFY/JAZ family. (267 aa) |
| | UGT76E12 | Flavonol 3-O-glucosyltransferase UGT76E12; Possesses quercetin 3-O-glucosyltransferase and 7-O- glucosyltransferase activities in vitro. (458 aa) |
| | SDR3b | Short-chain dehydrogenase reductase 3b; Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family. (257 aa) |
| | CYP74A | Allene oxide synthase, chloroplastic. (518 aa) |
| | LDOX | Leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase; Involved in anthocyanin and protoanthocyanidin biosynthesis by catalyzing the oxidation of leucoanthocyanidins into anthocyanidins. Possesses low flavonol synthase activity in vitro towards dihydrokaempferol and dihydroquercetin producing kaempferol and quercitin, respectively. Belongs to the iron/ascorbate-dependent oxidoreductase family. (356 aa) |
| | WRKY18 | WRKY transcription factor 18; Transcription factor. Interacts specifically with the W box (5'-(T)TGAC[CT]-3'), a frequently occurring elicitor-responsive cis- acting element. Positively modulates defense-related gene expression and disease resistance; Belongs to the WRKY group II-a family. (310 aa) |
| | SYP24 | Putative syntaxin-24; Vesicle trafficking protein that functions in the secretory pathway; Belongs to the syntaxin family. (416 aa) |
| | UGT76B1 | UDP-glycosyltransferase 76B1; Glycosylates the amino acid-related molecules isoleucic acid (2-hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid) and valic acid (2-hydroxy-3- methylbutyric acid). Acts as a negative regulator of salicylic acid (SA)-dependent plant defense in the absence of pathogens and promotes the jasmonate (JA) response. Negatively influences the onset of senescence; Belongs to the UDP-glycosyltransferase family. (447 aa) |
| | NAC019 | NAC domain-containing protein 19; Transcription factors that bind specifically to the 5'- CATGTG-3' motif. (317 aa) |
| | SARD1 | Protein SAR DEFICIENT 1; Transcription activator that binds DNA in a sequence-specific manner, 5'-GAAATTTTGG-3', to promote the expression of target genes. Recruited to the promoter of ICS1 and other defense-related genes (e.g. PR1 and SID2) in response to both biotic (e.g. Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola ES4326) and abiotic stresses (e.g. UV-B), thus triggering slow defense responses by stimulating salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis. Required for basal and systemic acquired resistance to P. syringae pv. maculicola and Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis. Belongs to the plant ACBP60 prote [...] (451 aa) |
| | MYB75 | Transcription factor MYB75; Transcription activator, when associated with BHLH12/MYC1, EGL3, or GL3. Promotes the synthesis of. phenylpropanoid-derived compounds such as anthocyanins and proanthocyanidin, probably together with GL3 and BHLH2. Regulates the expression of CHS, DFRA, LDOX, and BAN. (248 aa) |
| | GSTF12 | Glutathione S-transferase F12; Involved in the transport and/or accumulation of both anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins (PA)s in the vacuole. Functions in the cytosol to maintain the regular accumulation in the vacuole of PA precursors, such as epicatechin and glycosylated epicatechin. (214 aa) |
| | FLA13 | Fasciclin-like arabinogalactan protein 13; May be a cell surface adhesion protein; Belongs to the fasciclin-like AGP family. (247 aa) |
| | MAPKKK19 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 19; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. (344 aa) |
| | PDF1.2A | Defensin-like protein 16; Confers broad-spectrum resistance to pathogens. Has antifungal activity in vitro; Belongs to the DEFL family. (80 aa) |
| | RBOHD | Respiratory burst oxidase homolog protein D; Calcium-dependent NADPH oxidase that generates superoxide. Involved in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during incompatible interactions with pathogens and in UV-B and abscisic acid ROS-dependent signaling. Might be required for ROS signal amplification during light stress. Belongs to the RBOH (TC 5.B.1.3) family. (921 aa) |
| | NIMIN-1 | Protein NIM1-INTERACTING 1; Belongs to the NPR1-interactor family. (142 aa) |
| | PEN1 | Arabidiol synthase; Converts oxidosqualene to arabidiol. Minor production of arabidiol 20,21-epoxide; Belongs to the terpene cyclase/mutase family. (766 aa) |
| | TIFY11A | Protein TIFY 11A; Repressor of jasmonate responses. (274 aa) |
| | ABCG37 | ABC transporter G family member 37; May be a general defense protein; Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCG family. PDR (TC 3.A.1.205) subfamily. (1450 aa) |
| | HSP70-4 | Heat shock 70 kDa protein 4; In cooperation with other chaperones, Hsp70s are key components that facilitate folding of de novo synthesized proteins, assist translocation of precursor proteins into organelles, and are responsible for degradation of damaged protein under stress conditions (Probable). ATP-dependent molecular chaperone that assists folding of unfolded or misfolded proteins under stress conditions. Mediates plastid precursor degradation to prevent cytosolic precursor accumulation, together with the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase CHIP. Recognizes specific sequence motifs in tr [...] (650 aa) |
| | FMO1 | Probable flavin-containing monooxygenase 1; Required for the establishment of systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Not involved in local defense mechanisms. Confers a salicylic acid-dependent (SA) resistance to virulent pathogens such as P.syringae pv tomato and H.parasitica. (530 aa) |
| | ACS10 | Probable aminotransferase ACS10; Probable aminotransferase. Does not have 1-aminocyclopropane- 1-carboxylate synthase (ACS) activity, suggesting that it is not involved in ethylene biosynthesis. (557 aa) |
| | CYP82G1 | Dimethylnonatriene synthase; Involved in the biosynthesis of homoterpenes, attractants of herbivores parasitoids and predators (e.g. predatory mites and parasitoid wasps). Catalyzes the conversion of the C20 (E,E)-geranyllinalool to C16-homoterpene 4,8,12-trimethyltrideca- 1,3,7,11-tetraene (TMTT) of the C15 (E)-nerolidol to C11-homoterpene (E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene (DMNT); these volatile compounds are produced upon insect herbivore attack and emitted from flowers and vegetative tissues during herbivore feeding. Required during resistance responses to the fungus Alternaria bras [...] (515 aa) |
| | UGT76E1 | UDP-glycosyltransferase 76E1; Possesses low quercetin 3-O-glucosyltransferase and 7-O- glucosyltransferase activities in vitro. (453 aa) |
| | CYP71B15 | Bifunctional dihydrocamalexate synthase/camalexin synthase; Multifunctional enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of the indole-derived phytoalexin camalexin. Catalyzes two reactions, the formation of dihydrocamalexate from indole-3-acetonitrile-cysteine conjugate and the oxidative decarboxylation of dihydrocamalexate which is the final step in camalexin biosynthesis. Required for the resistance to the fungal pathogens A.brassicicola, B.cinerea, B.elliptica, B.tulipae, L.maculans and Colletotrichum higginsianum. Seems not to be required for resistance to P.syringae, P.porri, and not invo [...] (490 aa) |
| | WRKY70 | Probable WRKY transcription factor 70; Transcription factor involved in senescence, biotic and abiotic stress responses by modulating various phytohormones signaling pathways. Interacts specifically with the W box (5'- (T)TGAC[CT]-3'), a frequently occurring elicitor-responsive cis-acting element (By similarity). Binds to the 5'-[CT]GACTTTT-3' motif in promoters of target genes to induce their expression. Plays an important but not indispensable role in jasmonate and salicylic acid signaling. Regulates positively the salicylic acid (SA)-mediated signal pathway, but negatively the jasmo [...] (294 aa) |
| | JRG21 | Probable 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase JRG21; Involved in anthocyanin and protoanthocyanidin biosynthesis by catalyzing the oxidation of leucoanthocyanidins into anthocyanidins. (363 aa) |
| | GH3.12 | 4-substituted benzoates-glutamate ligase GH3.12; Catalyzes the conjugation of specific amino acids (e.g. Glu and possibly His, Lys, and Met) to their preferred acyl substrates (e.g. 4-substituted benzoates), in a magnesium ion- and ATP-dependent manner. Can use 4-substituted benzoates such as 4-aminobenzoate (pABA), 4-fluorobenzoate and 4-hydroxybenzoate (4-HBA), and, to a lesser extent, benzoate, vanillate and trans-cinnamate, but not 2-substituted benzoates and salicylic acid (SA), as conjugating acyl substrates. Involved in both basal and induced resistance in a SA-dependent manner. [...] (575 aa) |
| | EXPB3 | Expansin-B3; May cause loosening and extension of plant cell walls by disrupting non-covalent bonding between cellulose microfibrils and matrix glucans. No enzymatic activity has been found (By similarity). (264 aa) |
| | PGIP2 | Polygalacturonase inhibitor 2; Inhibitor of fungal polygalacturonase. It is an important factor for plant resistance to phytopathogenic fungi. Belongs to the polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein family. (330 aa) |
| | ABCG40 | ABC transporter G family member 40; May be a general defense protein (By similarity). Functions as a pump to exclude Pb(2+) ions and/or Pb(2+)-containing toxic compounds from the cytoplasm. Contributes to Pb(2+) ions resistance. Confers some resistance to the terpene sclareol. (1423 aa) |
| | PAD4 | Lipase-like PAD4; Probable lipase required downstream of MPK4 for accumulation of the plant defense-potentiating molecule, salicylic acid, thus contributing to the plant innate immunity against invasive biotrophic pathogens and to defense mechanisms upon recognition of microbe- associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Participates in the regulation of various molecular and physiological processes that influence fitness. Together with SG101, required for programmed cell death (PCD) triggered by NBS-LRR resistance proteins (e.g. RPS4, RPW8.1 and RPW8.2) in response to the fungal toxin fumo [...] (541 aa) |
| | ICS1 | Isochorismate synthase 1, chloroplastic; Involved in the synthesis of salicylic acid (SA) required for both local and systemic acquired resistance (LAR and SAR) while SA synthesized through the phenylalanine ammonium lyase (PAL) pathway seems to potentiate plant cell death. Also involved in phylloquinone (vitamin K1) synthesis. Has no isochorismate pyruvate lyase (IPL) activity. (569 aa) |
| | EIN2 | Ethylene-insensitive protein 2; Central factor in signaling pathways regulated by ethylene (ET), and involved in various processes including development, plant defense, senescence, nucleotide sugar flux, and tropisms. Necessary for ethylene-mediated gene regulation, and for the induction of some genes by ozone. Acts downstream of ET receptors, and upstream of ethylene regulated transcription factors. Required for cytokinin-mediated processes. Seems to be implicated in cross-talk between ET, jasmonate and other pathways. Probably not involved in iron uptake. Has a short half-life and un [...] (1294 aa) |
| | WRKY40 | Probable WRKY transcription factor 40; Transcription factor (By similarity). Interacts specifically with the W box (5'-(T)TGAC[CT]-3'), a frequently occurring elicitor- responsive cis-acting element (By similarity). (302 aa) |
| | UGT73D1 | UDP-glycosyltransferase 73D1; Belongs to the UDP-glycosyltransferase family. (507 aa) |
| | RAR1 | Cysteine and histidine-rich domain-containing protein RAR1; Required specifically for plant innate immunity. Is essential for resistance conferred by multiple R genes recognizing different bacterial and oomycete pathogen isolates like avirulent P.syringae or H.parasitica (downy mildew). Contributes additively with SGT1B to RPP5- dependent resistance. Functions as positive regulator of RPS5 accumulation by assisting its stabilization. May function as co- chaperone of HSP90-2 to positively regulate the steady-state accumulation of RPM1 and protect it from SGT1-mediated degradation. Acts [...] (226 aa) |
| | DOX1 | Alpha-dioxygenase 1; Alpha-dioxygenase that catalyzes the primary oxygenation of fatty acids into oxylipins. Mediates a protection against oxidative stress and cell death, probably by generating some lipid-derived molecules. Promotes local and systemic plant defense in a salicylic acid (SA)-dependent manner, including the establishment of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in response to incompatible interaction. Involved in a negative regulation of abscisic acid (ABA)-mediated signaling pathway. (639 aa) |
| | GRXC9 | Glutaredoxin-C9; Has a glutathione-disulfide oxidoreductase activity in the presence of NADPH and glutathione reductase. Reduces low molecular weight disulfides and proteins (By similarity). (137 aa) |
| | F22C12.10 | WRKY transcription factor. (646 aa) |
| | NUDT6 | Nudix hydrolase 6; Probably mediates the hydrolysis of some nucleoside diphosphate derivatives. In vitro, it can use both NADH and ADP-ribose as substrates; however the relevance of such substrates in vivo is unclear. (283 aa) |
| | WRKY60 | Probable WRKY transcription factor 60; Transcription factor. Interacts specifically with the W box (5'-(T)TGAC[CT]-3'), a frequently occurring elicitor-responsive cis- acting element (By similarity). (271 aa) |
| | WRKY46 | Probable WRKY transcription factor 46; Transcription factor involved in the regulation of osmotic stress responses and stomatal movement. Interacts specifically with the W box (5'-(T)TGAC[CT]-3'), a frequently occurring elicitor-responsive cis-acting element (By similarity). Positive regulator of EDS1-dependent defense against E.amylovora. Together with WRKY70 and WRKY53, promotes resistance to P.syringae, probably by enhancing salicylic acid (SA)- dependent genes. Contributes to the suppression of jasmonic acid (MeJA)-induced expression of PDF1.2. Together with WRKY54 and WRKY70, prom [...] (295 aa) |
| | EXPB1 | Expansin-B1; May cause loosening and extension of plant cell walls by disrupting non-covalent bonding between cellulose microfibrils and matrix glucans. No enzymatic activity has been found (By similarity). Belongs to the expansin family. Expansin B subfamily. (271 aa) |
| | CYP94B3 | Cytochrome P450 94B3; Hydroxylase involved in the oxidation of the plant hormone jasmonoyl-L-isoleucine (JA-Ile), a bioactive phytohormone of the jasmonate-mediated signaling pathway. Converts JA-Ile to 12-hydroxy-JA- Ile. Exerts negative feedback control on JA-Ile levels and plays a key role in attenuation of jasmonate responses. Negatively regulates the expression of wound-induced genes TIFY11A/JAZ5, TIFY5A/JAZ8 and TIFY5A/JAZ10. Catalyzes the hydroxylation of jasmonoyl-L-valine (JA-Val), jasmonoyl-L-leucine (JA-Leu) and jasmonoyl-L-phenylalanine (JA-Phe) in vitro. Converts JA-Val, J [...] (506 aa) |
| | FMOGS-OX1 | Flavin-containing monooxygenase FMO GS-OX1; Catalyzes the conversion of methylthioalkyl glucosinolates into methylsulfinylalkyl glucosinolates. Able to S-oxygenate both desulfo- and intact 4-methylthiobutyl glucosinolates, but no activity with methionine, dihomomethionine or 5-methylthiopentaldoxime. (459 aa) |
| | EDS1 | Protein EDS1; Positive regulator of basal resistance and of effector- triggered immunity specifically mediated by TIR-NB-LRR (TNL) resistance proteins. Disruption by bacterial effector of EDS1-TIR-NB-LRR resistance protein interactions constitutes the first step in resistance activation. Acts redundantly with salicylic acid to regulate resistance gene-mediated signaling. Triggers early plant defenses and hypersensitive response independently of PAD4, and then recruits PAD4 to potentiate plant defenses through the accumulation of salicylic acid. Nuclear localization is essential for bas [...] (623 aa) |
| | CORI3 | Cystine lyase CORI3; Possesses cystine lyase activity in vitro. Does not possess tyrosine aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and tryptophan aminotransferase activities. Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. (422 aa) |
| | SGT1A | Protein SGT1 homolog A; Functions in R gene-mediated resistance, but participates in a lower extent than SGT1B to RPP5-mediated resistance. Not required for RPM1, RPS2, RPS4 and RPS5-mediated resistance. Probably required for SCF-mediated ubiquitination, by coupling HSP90 to SCF complex for ubiquitination of HSP90 client proteins. (350 aa) |
| | SGT1B | Protein SGT1 homolog B; Involved in plant innate immunity. Is essential for resistance conferred by multiple R genes recognizing different oomycete pathogen isolates like avirulent H.parasitica (downy mildew). Contributes additively with RAR1 to RPP5-dependent resistance. Not required for RPM1, RPS2, RPS4 and RPS5-mediated resistance. Functions as negative regulator of RPS5 accumulation by assisting its degradation. May be involved in heat shock response by associating with HSC70-1 chaperone. Required for the SCF(TIR1)-mediated degradation of Aux/IAA proteins, but maybe not for SCF(TIR [...] (358 aa) |
| | MLO2 | MLO-like protein 2; May be involved in modulation of pathogen defense and leaf cell death. Activity seems to be regulated by Ca(2+)-dependent calmodulin binding and seems not to require heterotrimeric G proteins (By similarity); Belongs to the MLO family. (573 aa) |
| | FMOGS-OX3 | Flavin-containing monooxygenase FMO GS-OX3; Catalyzes the conversion of methylthioalkyl glucosinolates of any chain length into methylsulfinylalkyl glucosinolates. Prefers probably short-chain methylthioalkyl glucosinolates in cv. Landsberg erecta; Belongs to the FMO family. (462 aa) |
| | UGT74E2 | UDP-glycosyltransferase 74E2; Glucosyltransferase that acts on the auxin indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Mediates abiotic stress responses and stress-induced morphological adaptations by regulating auxin homeostasis. Possesses low activity in vitro on jasmonate (JA) and the synthetic auxin analog naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA); Belongs to the UDP-glycosyltransferase family. (453 aa) |
| | CYP81D8 | Cytochrome P450, family 81, subfamily D, polypeptide 8; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (497 aa) |
| | ALD1 | Aminotransferase ALD1, chloroplastic; Aminotransferase involved in local and systemic acquired resistance (SAR) to the bacterial pathogen P.syringae. Required for salicylic acid (SA) and camalexin accumulation upon pathogen infection. Possesses aminotransferase activity in vitro and may generate amino- acid-derived defense signals in vivo. May be involved in ethylene- induced senescence signaling. Involved in the biosynthesis of pipecolate (Pip), a metabolite that orchestrates defense amplification, positive regulation of SA biosynthesis, and priming to guarantee effective local resist [...] (456 aa) |
| | MYB90 | Transcription factor MYB90; Transcription activator, when associated with BHLH12/MYC1, EGL3, or GL3. Promotes the synthesis of phenylpropanoid-derived compounds such as anthocyanins. (249 aa) |
| | NATA1 | L-ornithine N5-acetyltransferase NATA1; Acetyltransferase that converts ornithine to N5- acetylornithine, which is likely used in plant defense. (228 aa) |
| | SAG13 | Senescence-associated protein 13; Unspecific reductase providing both diastereomeric alcohols from the prochiral ketones. Active on cyclic monoterpenes and small flexible lipophilic carbonyls. No activity with tropinone, nitrogen- containing tropinone analogs, tropine or pseudotropine as substrate. (269 aa) |
| | GSTU4 | Glutathione S-transferase U4; May be involved in the conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles and have a detoxification role against certain herbicides. (224 aa) |
| | FLA9 | Fasciclin-like arabinogalactan protein 9; May be a cell surface adhesion protein; Belongs to the fasciclin-like AGP family. (247 aa) |
