Katanin p60 ATPase-containing subunit A1; Severs microtubules in vitro in an ATP-dependent manner. This activity may promote rapid reorganization of cellular microtubule arrays. May be required for reorientation of cortical microtubule arrays during cellular elongation. Failure to correctly orient these arrays drastically compromises fiber length, cell wall thickness and mechanical strength. May also be required for the spatial organization of developmental cues within the root. Belongs to the AAA ATPase family. Katanin p60 subunit A1 subfamily.

Rac-like GTP-binding protein ARAC3; Inactive GDP-bound Rho GTPases reside in the cytosol, are found in a complex with Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitors (Rho GDIs), and are released from the GDI protein in order to translocate to membranes upon activation. May be involved in cell polarity control during the actin-dependent tip growth of root hairs. SPK1- dependent activation is required for auxin-mediated inhibition of PIN2 internalization during gravitropic responses.

Katanin p60 ATPase-containing subunit A1; Severs microtubules in vitro in an ATP-dependent manner. This activity may promote rapid reorganization of cellular microtubule arrays. May be required for reorientation of cortical microtubule arrays during cellular elongation. Failure to correctly orient these arrays drastically compromises fiber length, cell wall thickness and mechanical strength. May also be required for the spatial organization of developmental cues within the root. Belongs to the AAA ATPase family. Katanin p60 subunit A1 subfamily.

Rac-like GTP-binding protein ARAC4; Inactive GDP-bound Rho GTPases reside in the cytosol, are found in a complex with Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitors (Rho GDIs), and are released from the GDI protein in order to translocate to membranes upon activation (By similarity). May be involved in cell polarity control during the actin-dependent tip growth of root hairs. May regulate a WAVE complex that activates the Arp2/3 complex.

Katanin p60 ATPase-containing subunit A1; Severs microtubules in vitro in an ATP-dependent manner. This activity may promote rapid reorganization of cellular microtubule arrays. May be required for reorientation of cortical microtubule arrays during cellular elongation. Failure to correctly orient these arrays drastically compromises fiber length, cell wall thickness and mechanical strength. May also be required for the spatial organization of developmental cues within the root. Belongs to the AAA ATPase family. Katanin p60 subunit A1 subfamily.

Rac-like GTP-binding protein ARAC5; May be involved in cell polarity control during the actin- dependent tip growth of root hairs; Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rho family.

Katanin p60 ATPase-containing subunit A1; Severs microtubules in vitro in an ATP-dependent manner. This activity may promote rapid reorganization of cellular microtubule arrays. May be required for reorientation of cortical microtubule arrays during cellular elongation. Failure to correctly orient these arrays drastically compromises fiber length, cell wall thickness and mechanical strength. May also be required for the spatial organization of developmental cues within the root. Belongs to the AAA ATPase family. Katanin p60 subunit A1 subfamily.

Auxin-binding protein 1; Auxin receptor that controls cell elongation and cell division. Involved in embryonic morphogenesis. Acts on the cell cycle, endocycle, cell plate formation, and cell expansion and contributes to the control of auxin-related gene expression. Controls root meristem size and mediates auxin responsiveness. Involved in activation of ROP GTPases in response to auxin and regulation of clathrin-mediated endocytosis in roots. Acts as a positive factor in clathrin recruitment to the plasma membrane, thereby promoting endocytosis. Upon auxin binding, restricts the intern [...]

Katanin p60 ATPase-containing subunit A1; Severs microtubules in vitro in an ATP-dependent manner. This activity may promote rapid reorganization of cellular microtubule arrays. May be required for reorientation of cortical microtubule arrays during cellular elongation. Failure to correctly orient these arrays drastically compromises fiber length, cell wall thickness and mechanical strength. May also be required for the spatial organization of developmental cues within the root. Belongs to the AAA ATPase family. Katanin p60 subunit A1 subfamily.

CRIB domain-containing protein RIC4; Functions as downstream effector of Rho-related GTP binding proteins of the 'Rho of Plants' (ROPs) family. Participates in the propagation of ROP GTPase signals in specific cellular responses. Required for actin cortical microfilament assembly. Activated by ARAC4/ROP2 to promote the assembly of cortical actin microfilaments required for lobe formation and lateral expansion of pavement cells. Interaction with, and activation by ARAC4/ROP2 is inhibited by RIC1. Functions as downstream effector of ARAC11/ROP1 to promote the assembly of apical F-actin a [...]

Katanin p60 ATPase-containing subunit A1; Severs microtubules in vitro in an ATP-dependent manner. This activity may promote rapid reorganization of cellular microtubule arrays. May be required for reorientation of cortical microtubule arrays during cellular elongation. Failure to correctly orient these arrays drastically compromises fiber length, cell wall thickness and mechanical strength. May also be required for the spatial organization of developmental cues within the root. Belongs to the AAA ATPase family. Katanin p60 subunit A1 subfamily.

Guanine nucleotide exchange factor SPIKE 1; Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rho and Rac. GEF proteins activate small GTPases by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP. Controls actin polymerization via the two heteromeric complexes WAVE and actin-related protein (ARP) 2/3. Involved in cytoskeletal reorganization required for cell shape (e.g. trichome and cotyledon) control and tissue development. Promotes polarized growth and cell-cell adhesion in the leaf epidermis probably by promoting the formation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) exit site (ERES) and/or trafficking between the [...]

Rac-like GTP-binding protein ARAC1; Inactive GDP-bound Rho GTPases reside in the cytosol, are found in a complex with Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitors (Rho GDIs), and are released from the GDI protein in order to translocate to membranes upon activation.

Auxin-binding protein 1; Auxin receptor that controls cell elongation and cell division. Involved in embryonic morphogenesis. Acts on the cell cycle, endocycle, cell plate formation, and cell expansion and contributes to the control of auxin-related gene expression. Controls root meristem size and mediates auxin responsiveness. Involved in activation of ROP GTPases in response to auxin and regulation of clathrin-mediated endocytosis in roots. Acts as a positive factor in clathrin recruitment to the plasma membrane, thereby promoting endocytosis. Upon auxin binding, restricts the intern [...]

Rac-like GTP-binding protein ARAC1; Inactive GDP-bound Rho GTPases reside in the cytosol, are found in a complex with Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitors (Rho GDIs), and are released from the GDI protein in order to translocate to membranes upon activation.

Interactor of constitutive active ROPs 1; Acts as a scaffold, mediating interaction of ROPs with different proteins. Required for primary and adventitious root maintenance, but not for their formation. Promotes the stabilization of ARAC11 on the plasma membrane of the pollen tube initiation site but not the activation of ARAC11. Regulates directionality of polar auxin transport, and is required for the formation of a stable auxin maximum and tip localized auxin gradient during embryogenesis, organogenesis, and meristem activity. Involved in exocytosis and in the recycling of PIN protei [...]

Rac-like GTP-binding protein ARAC1; Inactive GDP-bound Rho GTPases reside in the cytosol, are found in a complex with Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitors (Rho GDIs), and are released from the GDI protein in order to translocate to membranes upon activation.

CRIB domain-containing protein RIC4; Functions as downstream effector of Rho-related GTP binding proteins of the 'Rho of Plants' (ROPs) family. Participates in the propagation of ROP GTPase signals in specific cellular responses. Required for actin cortical microfilament assembly. Activated by ARAC4/ROP2 to promote the assembly of cortical actin microfilaments required for lobe formation and lateral expansion of pavement cells. Interaction with, and activation by ARAC4/ROP2 is inhibited by RIC1. Functions as downstream effector of ARAC11/ROP1 to promote the assembly of apical F-actin a [...]

Rac-like GTP-binding protein ARAC1; Inactive GDP-bound Rho GTPases reside in the cytosol, are found in a complex with Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitors (Rho GDIs), and are released from the GDI protein in order to translocate to membranes upon activation.

Guanine nucleotide exchange factor SPIKE 1; Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rho and Rac. GEF proteins activate small GTPases by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP. Controls actin polymerization via the two heteromeric complexes WAVE and actin-related protein (ARP) 2/3. Involved in cytoskeletal reorganization required for cell shape (e.g. trichome and cotyledon) control and tissue development. Promotes polarized growth and cell-cell adhesion in the leaf epidermis probably by promoting the formation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) exit site (ERES) and/or trafficking between the [...]

Rac-like GTP-binding protein ARAC3; Inactive GDP-bound Rho GTPases reside in the cytosol, are found in a complex with Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitors (Rho GDIs), and are released from the GDI protein in order to translocate to membranes upon activation. May be involved in cell polarity control during the actin-dependent tip growth of root hairs. SPK1- dependent activation is required for auxin-mediated inhibition of PIN2 internalization during gravitropic responses.

Katanin p60 ATPase-containing subunit A1; Severs microtubules in vitro in an ATP-dependent manner. This activity may promote rapid reorganization of cellular microtubule arrays. May be required for reorientation of cortical microtubule arrays during cellular elongation. Failure to correctly orient these arrays drastically compromises fiber length, cell wall thickness and mechanical strength. May also be required for the spatial organization of developmental cues within the root. Belongs to the AAA ATPase family. Katanin p60 subunit A1 subfamily.

Rac-like GTP-binding protein ARAC3; Inactive GDP-bound Rho GTPases reside in the cytosol, are found in a complex with Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitors (Rho GDIs), and are released from the GDI protein in order to translocate to membranes upon activation. May be involved in cell polarity control during the actin-dependent tip growth of root hairs. SPK1- dependent activation is required for auxin-mediated inhibition of PIN2 internalization during gravitropic responses.

Auxin transporter protein 1; Carrier protein involved in proton-driven auxin influx. Mediates the formation of auxin gradient from developing leaves (site of auxin biosynthesis) to tips by contributing to the loading of auxin in vascular tissues and facilitating acropetal (base to tip) auxin transport within inner tissues of the root apex, and basipetal (tip to base) auxin transport within outer tissues of the root apex. Unloads auxin from the mature phloem to deliver the hormone to the root meristem via the protophloem cell files. Coordinated subcellular localization of AUX1 is regula [...]

Rac-like GTP-binding protein ARAC3; Inactive GDP-bound Rho GTPases reside in the cytosol, are found in a complex with Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitors (Rho GDIs), and are released from the GDI protein in order to translocate to membranes upon activation. May be involved in cell polarity control during the actin-dependent tip growth of root hairs. SPK1- dependent activation is required for auxin-mediated inhibition of PIN2 internalization during gravitropic responses.

Auxin-binding protein 1; Auxin receptor that controls cell elongation and cell division. Involved in embryonic morphogenesis. Acts on the cell cycle, endocycle, cell plate formation, and cell expansion and contributes to the control of auxin-related gene expression. Controls root meristem size and mediates auxin responsiveness. Involved in activation of ROP GTPases in response to auxin and regulation of clathrin-mediated endocytosis in roots. Acts as a positive factor in clathrin recruitment to the plasma membrane, thereby promoting endocytosis. Upon auxin binding, restricts the intern [...]

Rac-like GTP-binding protein ARAC3; Inactive GDP-bound Rho GTPases reside in the cytosol, are found in a complex with Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitors (Rho GDIs), and are released from the GDI protein in order to translocate to membranes upon activation. May be involved in cell polarity control during the actin-dependent tip growth of root hairs. SPK1- dependent activation is required for auxin-mediated inhibition of PIN2 internalization during gravitropic responses.

Transmembrane receptor.

Rac-like GTP-binding protein ARAC3; Inactive GDP-bound Rho GTPases reside in the cytosol, are found in a complex with Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitors (Rho GDIs), and are released from the GDI protein in order to translocate to membranes upon activation. May be involved in cell polarity control during the actin-dependent tip growth of root hairs. SPK1- dependent activation is required for auxin-mediated inhibition of PIN2 internalization during gravitropic responses.

Interactor of constitutive active ROPs 1; Acts as a scaffold, mediating interaction of ROPs with different proteins. Required for primary and adventitious root maintenance, but not for their formation. Promotes the stabilization of ARAC11 on the plasma membrane of the pollen tube initiation site but not the activation of ARAC11. Regulates directionality of polar auxin transport, and is required for the formation of a stable auxin maximum and tip localized auxin gradient during embryogenesis, organogenesis, and meristem activity. Involved in exocytosis and in the recycling of PIN protei [...]

Rac-like GTP-binding protein ARAC3; Inactive GDP-bound Rho GTPases reside in the cytosol, are found in a complex with Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitors (Rho GDIs), and are released from the GDI protein in order to translocate to membranes upon activation. May be involved in cell polarity control during the actin-dependent tip growth of root hairs. SPK1- dependent activation is required for auxin-mediated inhibition of PIN2 internalization during gravitropic responses.

Auxin efflux carrier component 2; Acts as a component of the auxin efflux carrier. Seems to be involved in the root-specific auxin transport, and mediates the root gravitropism. Its particular localization suggest a role in the translocation of auxin towards the elongation zone.

Rac-like GTP-binding protein ARAC3; Inactive GDP-bound Rho GTPases reside in the cytosol, are found in a complex with Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitors (Rho GDIs), and are released from the GDI protein in order to translocate to membranes upon activation. May be involved in cell polarity control during the actin-dependent tip growth of root hairs. SPK1- dependent activation is required for auxin-mediated inhibition of PIN2 internalization during gravitropic responses.

CRIB domain-containing protein RIC4; Functions as downstream effector of Rho-related GTP binding proteins of the 'Rho of Plants' (ROPs) family. Participates in the propagation of ROP GTPase signals in specific cellular responses. Required for actin cortical microfilament assembly. Activated by ARAC4/ROP2 to promote the assembly of cortical actin microfilaments required for lobe formation and lateral expansion of pavement cells. Interaction with, and activation by ARAC4/ROP2 is inhibited by RIC1. Functions as downstream effector of ARAC11/ROP1 to promote the assembly of apical F-actin a [...]

Rac-like GTP-binding protein ARAC3; Inactive GDP-bound Rho GTPases reside in the cytosol, are found in a complex with Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitors (Rho GDIs), and are released from the GDI protein in order to translocate to membranes upon activation. May be involved in cell polarity control during the actin-dependent tip growth of root hairs. SPK1- dependent activation is required for auxin-mediated inhibition of PIN2 internalization during gravitropic responses.

Guanine nucleotide exchange factor SPIKE 1; Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rho and Rac. GEF proteins activate small GTPases by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP. Controls actin polymerization via the two heteromeric complexes WAVE and actin-related protein (ARP) 2/3. Involved in cytoskeletal reorganization required for cell shape (e.g. trichome and cotyledon) control and tissue development. Promotes polarized growth and cell-cell adhesion in the leaf epidermis probably by promoting the formation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) exit site (ERES) and/or trafficking between the [...]

Rac-like GTP-binding protein ARAC3; Inactive GDP-bound Rho GTPases reside in the cytosol, are found in a complex with Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitors (Rho GDIs), and are released from the GDI protein in order to translocate to membranes upon activation. May be involved in cell polarity control during the actin-dependent tip growth of root hairs. SPK1- dependent activation is required for auxin-mediated inhibition of PIN2 internalization during gravitropic responses.

Toll/interleukin-1 receptor-like protein; Disease resistance protein. Resistance proteins guard the plant against pathogens that contain an appropriate avirulence protein via a direct or indirect interaction with this avirulence protein. That triggers a defense system including the hypersensitive response, which restricts the pathogen growth (By similarity).

Rac-like GTP-binding protein ARAC3; Inactive GDP-bound Rho GTPases reside in the cytosol, are found in a complex with Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitors (Rho GDIs), and are released from the GDI protein in order to translocate to membranes upon activation. May be involved in cell polarity control during the actin-dependent tip growth of root hairs. SPK1- dependent activation is required for auxin-mediated inhibition of PIN2 internalization during gravitropic responses.

Protein TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1; Auxin receptor that mediates Aux/IAA proteins proteasomal degradation and auxin-regulated transcription. The SCF(TIR1) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex is involved in auxin-mediated signaling pathway that regulate root and hypocotyl growth, lateral root formation, cell elongation, and gravitropism. Appears to allow pericycle cells to overcome G2 arrest prior to lateral root development. Plays a role in ethylene signaling in roots. Confers sensitivity to the virulent bacterial pathogen P.syringae.