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ABI2 ABI2 ABI4 ABI4 DOG1 DOG1 HDA19 HDA19 YUC3 YUC3 SNL3 SNL3 CYP83B1 CYP83B1 CYP707A2 CYP707A2 CYP79B2 CYP79B2 CYCD1-1 CYCD1-1 ABI1 ABI1 ARF5 ARF5 ABI3 ABI3 ACO4 ACO4 GA3OX1 GA3OX1 CYP79B3 CYP79B3 MDC12.4 MDC12.4 RGL2 RGL2 SUVH4 SUVH4 HDA9 HDA9 CYCD4-1 CYCD4-1 PIN7 PIN7 CYP707A1 CYP707A1 ARF2 ARF2 AUX1 AUX1 ACT8 ACT8 CRC-2 CRC-2 SNL2 SNL2 PIN2 PIN2 PKL PKL PIN3 PIN3 GA2 GA2 ABI5 ABI5 ARF10 ARF10 RGA RGA SNL1 SNL1 GA3OX2 GA3OX2
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proteins of unknown 3D structure
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ABI2Protein phosphatase 2C 77; Repressor of the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway that regulates numerous ABA responses, such as stomatal closure, osmotic water permeability of the plasma membrane (Pos), high light stress, response to glucose, seed germination and inhibition of vegetative growth. During the stomatal closure regulation, modulates the inward calcium-channel permeability as well as H(2)O(2) and oxidative burst in response to ABA and dehydration. Represses GHR1 and, to some extent, SRK2E/OST1, kinases involved in the regulation of SLAC1-dependent stomatal closure. Controls [...] (423 aa)
ABI4Ethylene-responsive transcription factor ABI4; Transcription regulator that probably binds to the GCC-box pathogenesis-related promoter element. Binds also to the S-box (5'- CACTTCCA-3') photosynthesis-associated nuclear genes-related (PhANGs- related) promoter element, and thus acts as a transcription inhibitor. Involved in the regulation of gene expression by stress factors and by components of stress signal transduction pathways. May have a function in the deetiolation process. Confers sensitivity to abscisic acid (ABA), and regulates the ABA signaling pathway during seed germinatio [...] (328 aa)
DOG1Protein DELAY OF GERMINATION 1; Required for the induction of seed dormancy. The level of DOG1 protein in freshly harvested seeds determines the level of seed dormancy. Determines the temperature window for germination by regulating the expression of micropylar endosperm-weakening genes through temperature control of the gibberellins metabolism. Regulates seed dormancy and flowering time through an influence on levels of microRNAs miR156 and miR172. Regulator of seed maturation interfering with abscisic acid signaling components and activating ABI5. In cv. Cvi-1, enhances glucose induc [...] (291 aa)
HDA19Histone deacetylase 19; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes. HDA19 is involved in jasmonic acid and ethylene signaling of pathogen response. Part of a repressor complex including APETALA2 (AP2) and TOPLESS (TPL) that control the expression domains of numerous flora [...] (501 aa)
YUC3Probable indole-3-pyruvate monooxygenase YUCCA3; Involved in auxin biosynthesis. Belongs to the set of redundant YUCCA genes probably responsible for auxin biosynthesis in roots. (437 aa)
SNL3Paired amphipathic helix protein Sin3-like 3; Acts as a transcriptional repressor. Interacts with ERF7 to repress genes in abscisic acid and drought stress responses. The heterodimer represses transcription by tethering SNL3 to DNA. (1330 aa)
CYP83B1Cytochrome P450 83B1; Involved in the metabolism of aromatic oximes. Catalyzes the oxime metabolizing step in indole glucosinolate biosynthesis by converting indole-3-acetaldoxime into indole-3-S-alkyl-thiohydroximate. Probably required for glucosinolate activation in response to pathogens. Functions in auxin homeostasis because indole-3-acetaldoxime also serves as a precursor for auxin biosynthesis. Specifically metabolizes (E)-p-hydroxyphenylacetaldoxime into an S-alkyl- thiohydroximate. (499 aa)
CYP707A2Abscisic acid 8'-hydroxylase 2; Involved in the oxidative degradation of abscisic acid, but not in the isomerization of the produced 8'-hydroxyabscisic acid (8'- OH-ABA) to (-)-phaseic acid (PA). Involved in the control of seed dormancy and germination. (482 aa)
CYP79B2Tryptophan N-monooxygenase 1; Converts tryptophan to indole-3-acetaldoxime, a precursor for tryptophan-derived glucosinolates and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Involved in the biosynthetic pathway to 4-hydroxyindole-3-carbonyl nitrile (4-OH-ICN), a cyanogenic metabolite required for inducible pathogen defense. Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (541 aa)
CYCD1-1Cyclin-D1-1; May activate cell cycle in the root apical meristem (RAM) and promote embryonic root (radicle) protrusion. (339 aa)
ABI1Protein phosphatase 2C 56; Key component and repressor of the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway that regulates numerous ABA responses, such as stomatal closure, osmotic water permeability of the plasma membrane (Pos), drought-induced resistance and rhizogenesis, response to glucose, high light stress, seed germination and inhibition of vegetative growth. During the stomatal closure regulation, modulates the inward calcium-channel permeability as well as the actin reorganization in guard cells in response to ABA. Involved in the resistance to the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syrin [...] (434 aa)
ARF5Auxin response factor 5; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Seems to act as transcriptional activator. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. Mediates embryo axis formation and vascular tissues differentiation. Functionally redundant with ARF7. May be necessary to counteract AMP1 activity. (902 aa)
ABI3B3 domain-containing transcription factor ABI3; Participates in abscisic acid-regulated gene expression during seed development. Regulates the transcription of SGR1 and SGR2 that are involved in leaf and embryo degreening. (720 aa)
ACO41-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase 4; Enzyme involved in the ethylene biosynthesis. May promote stem elongation by maximizing the extensibility cells, possibly by activating ethylene biosynthesis, in response to very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs C20:0 to C30:0); Belongs to the iron/ascorbate-dependent oxidoreductase family. (323 aa)
GA3OX1Gibberellin 3-beta-dioxygenase 1; Converts the inactive gibberellin (GA) precursors GA9 and GA20 in the bioactives gibberellins GA4 and GA1. Involved in the production of bioactive GA for vegetative growth and development. Belongs to the iron/ascorbate-dependent oxidoreductase family. GA3OX subfamily. (358 aa)
CYP79B3Tryptophan N-monooxygenase 2; Converts tryptophan to indole-3-acetaldoxime, a precursor for tryptophan derived glucosinolates and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (543 aa)
MDC12.42-oxoglutarate (2OG) and Fe(II)-dependent oxygenase superfamily protein. (462 aa)
RGL2DELLA protein RGL2; Probable transcriptional regulator that acts as a repressor of the gibberellin (GA) signaling pathway. No effect of the BOI proteins on its stability. Probably acts by participating in large multiprotein complexes that repress transcription of GA-inducible genes. Upon GA application, it is degraded by the proteasome, allowing the GA signaling pathway. Acts as a major GA-response repressor of seed germination, including seed thermoinhibition. Promotes the biosynthesis of abscisic acid (ABA), especially in seed coats to maintain seed dormancy. Delays flowering and adu [...] (547 aa)
SUVH4Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase, H3 lysine-9 specific SUVH4; Histone methyltransferase. Methylates 'Lys-9' of histone H3. H3 'Lys-9' methylation represents a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression. The silencing mechanism via DNA CpNpG methylation requires the targeting of chromomethylase CMT3 to methylated histones, probably through an interaction with an HP1-like adapter. By its function, KYP is directly required for the maintenance of the DNA CpNpG and asymmetric methylation. Involved in the silencing of transposable elements. Belongs to the class V-like SAM-bindi [...] (624 aa)
HDA9Histone deacetylase 9; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes (By similarity); Belongs to the histone deacetylase family. HD type 1 subfamily. (426 aa)
CYCD4-1Cyclin-D4-1; May activate cell cycle in the root apical meristem (RAM) and promote embryonic root (radicle) protrusion. (308 aa)
PIN7Auxin efflux carrier component 7; Acts as a component of the auxin efflux carrier. Mediates the initial auxin gradient which contributes to the establishment of the apical-basal axis in early embryogenesis. (619 aa)
CYP707A1Abscisic acid 8'-hydroxylase 1; Involved in the oxidative degradation of abscisic acid. Plays an important role in determining abscisic acid levels in dry seeds and in the control of postgermination growth; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (467 aa)
ARF2Auxin response factor 2; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Could act as transcriptional activator or repressor. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. Promotes flowering, stamen development, floral organ abscission and fruit dehiscence. Functions independently of ethylene and cytokinin response pathways. May act as a repressor of cell division and organ growth. (859 aa)
AUX1Auxin transporter protein 1; Carrier protein involved in proton-driven auxin influx. Mediates the formation of auxin gradient from developing leaves (site of auxin biosynthesis) to tips by contributing to the loading of auxin in vascular tissues and facilitating acropetal (base to tip) auxin transport within inner tissues of the root apex, and basipetal (tip to base) auxin transport within outer tissues of the root apex. Unloads auxin from the mature phloem to deliver the hormone to the root meristem via the protophloem cell files. Coordinated subcellular localization of AUX1 is regula [...] (485 aa)
ACT8Actin-8; Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in various types of cell motility and are ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells. Essential component of cell cytoskeleton; plays an important role in cytoplasmic streaming, cell shape determination, cell division, organelle movement and extension growth. This is considered as one of the vegetative actins. (377 aa)
CRC-212S seed storage protein CRC alpha chain; Seed storage protein. (524 aa)
SNL2Paired amphipathic helix protein Sin3-like 2; Acts as a transcriptional repressor. Plays roles in regulating gene expression and genome stability (By similarity). (1367 aa)
PIN2Auxin efflux carrier component 2; Acts as a component of the auxin efflux carrier. Seems to be involved in the root-specific auxin transport, and mediates the root gravitropism. Its particular localization suggest a role in the translocation of auxin towards the elongation zone. (647 aa)
PKLCHD3-type chromatin-remodeling factor PICKLE; Chromatin remodeling factor that represses the expression of embryonic trait genes (such as NFYB9/LEC1) upon and after seed germination and thus enables the developmental switch to post- germinative growth. Silences some MADS-box proteins such as PHE1 and PHE2. Plays a role during carpel differentiation. Regulates late processes in cytokinin signaling. (1384 aa)
PIN3Auxin efflux carrier component 3; Acts as a component of the auxin efflux carrier. Seems to be involved in the lateral auxin transport system and mediates tropic growth. Coordinated polar localization of PIN3 is directly regulated by the vesicle trafficking process. (640 aa)
GA2Ent-kaur-16-ene synthase, chloroplastic; Catalyzes the conversion of ent-copalyl diphosphate to the gibberellin precursor ent-kaur-16-ene. (785 aa)
ABI5Protein ABSCISIC ACID-INSENSITIVE 5; Participates in ABA-regulated gene expression during seed development and subsequent vegetative stage by acting as the major mediator of ABA repression of growth. Binds to the embryo specification element and the ABA-responsive element (ABRE) of the Dc3 gene promoter and to the ABRE of the Em1 and Em6 genes promoters. Can also trans- activate its own promoter, suggesting that it is autoregulated. Plays a role in sugar-mediated senescence. Belongs to the bZIP family. ABI5 subfamily. (442 aa)
ARF10Auxin response factor 10; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Could act as transcriptional activator or repressor. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (693 aa)
RGADELLA protein RGA; Probable transcriptional regulator that acts as a repressor of the gibberellin (GA) signaling pathway. Probably acts by participating in large multiprotein complexes that repress transcription of GA-inducible genes. Positively regulates XERICO expression in seeds. Upon GA application, it is degraded by the proteasome, allowing the GA signaling pathway. Compared to other DELLA proteins, it is the most sensitive to GA application. No effect of the BOI proteins on its stability. Its activity is probably regulated by other phytohormones such as auxin and ethylene, attenu [...] (587 aa)
SNL1Paired amphipathic helix protein Sin3-like 1; Acts as a transcriptional repressor. An histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity is required for transcription repression. May play a role in telomere stability. (1372 aa)
GA3OX2Gibberellin 3-beta-dioxygenase 2; Converts the inactive gibberellin (GA) precursors GA9 and GA20 in the bioactives gibberellins GA4 and GA1. Involved in the production of bioactive GA for vegetative growth and development. Belongs to the iron/ascorbate-dependent oxidoreductase family. GA3OX subfamily. (347 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Arabidopsis thaliana
NCBI taxonomy Id: 3702
Other names: A. thaliana, Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh., mouse-ear cress, thale cress, thale-cress
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