STRINGSTRING
ISPF ISPF PAL1 PAL1 LOX2 LOX2 PAL2 PAL2 PAL3 PAL3 HMGS HMGS CYP73A5 CYP73A5 HPD HPD PDS PDS HST HST CHLG CHLG DXS DXS ZDS1 ZDS1 4CL1 4CL1 PER50 PER50 SPS3 SPS3 F20O9.100 F20O9.100 SPS2 SPS2 4CLL9 4CLL9 4CLL6 4CLL6 SPS1 SPS1 F9D16.60 F9D16.60 LOX6 LOX6 MGN6.20 MGN6.20 VTE4 VTE4 DXR DXR IVD IVD PAL4 PAL4 TAT3 TAT3 GA2 GA2 4CL3 4CL3 4CL2 4CL2 4CLL7 4CLL7 VTE3 VTE3 TAT TAT COQ5 COQ5 4CL4 4CL4 4CLL1 4CLL1 LOX3 LOX3 LOX4 LOX4 TAT7 TAT7 F1C9.19 F1C9.19 COQ6 COQ6 MVD2 MVD2 F20O9.90 F20O9.90 ETFQO ETFQO FDC1 FDC1 MVD1 MVD1 COQ3 COQ3 ISPE ISPE PAD1 PAD1
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proteins of unknown 3D structure
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ISPF2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase, chloroplastic; Enzyme of the plastid non-mevalonate pathway for isoprenoid biosynthesis that converts 4-diphosphocytidyl-2C-methyl-D-erythritol 2- phosphate into 2C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate and CMP. Also converts 4-diphosphocytidyl-2C-methyl-D-erythritol into 2C-methyl- D-erythritol 3,4-cyclophosphate and CMP. Is essential for chloroplast development; Belongs to the IspF family. (231 aa)
PAL1Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 1; This is a key enzyme of plant metabolism catalyzing the first reaction in the biosynthesis from L-phenylalanine of a wide variety of natural products based on the phenylpropane skeleton; Belongs to the PAL/histidase family. (725 aa)
LOX2Lipoxygenase 2, chloroplastic; 13S-lipoxygenase that can use linolenic acid as substrates. Plant lipoxygenases may be involved in a number of diverse aspects of plant physiology including growth and development, pest resistance, and senescence or responses to wounding. Catalyzes the hydroperoxidation of lipids containing a cis,cis-1,4-pentadiene structure. Required for the wound-induced synthesis of jasmonic acid (JA) in leaves. (896 aa)
PAL2Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 2; This is a key enzyme of plant metabolism catalyzing the first reaction in the biosynthesis from L-phenylalanine of a wide variety of natural products based on the phenylpropane skeleton; Belongs to the PAL/histidase family. (717 aa)
PAL3Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 3; This is a key enzyme of plant metabolism catalyzing the first reaction in the biosynthesis from L-phenylalanine of a wide variety of natural products based on the phenylpropane skeleton. (694 aa)
HMGSHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase; This enzyme condenses acetyl-CoA with acetoacetyl-CoA to form HMG-CoA, which is the substrate for HMG-CoA reductase. Devoided of acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase (AACT) activity. Required for the development of both tapetosomes and elaioplasts in tapetal cells and for pollen viability during pollen tube elongation; Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. HMG-CoA synthase family. (461 aa)
CYP73A5Trans-cinnamate 4-monooxygenase; Controls carbon flux to pigments essential for pollination or UV protection, to numerous pytoalexins synthesized by plants when challenged by pathogens, and to lignins. (505 aa)
HPD4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase; Belongs to the 4HPPD family. (445 aa)
PDS15-cis-phytoene desaturase, chloroplastic/chromoplastic; Converts phytoene into zeta-carotene via the intermediary of phytofluene by the symmetrical introduction of two double bonds at the C-11 and C-11' positions of phytoene with a concomitant isomerization of two neighboring double bonds at the C9 and C9' positions from trans to cis; Belongs to the carotenoid/retinoid oxidoreductase family. (566 aa)
HSTHomogentisate solanesyltransferase, chloroplastic; Involved in the synthesis of plastoquinone-9. Can use both homogentisic acid and 2,5-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid gamma-lactone as prenyl acceptors, and solanesyl diphosphate > farnesyl diphosphate > geranylgeranyl diphosphate >> phytyl diphosphate as prenyl donors. Do not catalyze the decardoxylation of homogentisate uncoupled from prenylation; Belongs to the UbiA prenyltransferase family. (386 aa)
CHLGChlorophyll synthase, chloroplastic; Involved in one of the last steps of the biosynthesis of chlorophyll a. Catalyzes the esterification of chlorophillide a or b with a preference for geranylgeranyldiphosphate (GGPP) rather than for phytyldiphosphate (PhyPP). (387 aa)
DXS1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase, chloroplastic; Catalyzes the acyloin condensation reaction between C atoms 2 and 3 of pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to yield 1-deoxy-D- xylulose-5-phosphate (DXP). Is a limiting enzyme for plastidic isoprenoid biosynthesis and essential for chloroplast development. Belongs to the transketolase family. DXPS subfamily. (717 aa)
ZDS1Zeta-carotene desaturase, chloroplastic/chromoplastic; Plays a crucial role in plant growth and development. Is essential for the biosynthesis of carotenoids. Carotenoids are involved in different physiological processes, including coloration, photoprotection, biosynthesis of abscisic acid (ABA) and chloroplast biogenesis. Catalyzes the conversion of zeta-carotene to lycopene via the intermediary of neurosporene. It carries out two consecutive desaturations (introduction of double bonds) at positions C-7 and C-7'. Shows stereoselectivity toward trans C15-C15'zeta-carotene double bond. [...] (558 aa)
4CL14-coumarate--CoA ligase 1; Produces CoA thioesters of a variety of hydroxy- and methoxy- substituted cinnamic acids, which are used to synthesize several phenylpropanoid-derived compounds, including anthocyanins, flavonoids, isoflavonoids, coumarins, lignin, suberin and wall-bound phenolics; Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family. (561 aa)
PER50Peroxidase 50; Removal of H(2)O(2), oxidation of toxic reductants, biosynthesis and degradation of lignin, suberization, auxin catabolism, response to environmental stresses such as wounding, pathogen attack and oxidative stress. These functions might be dependent on each isozyme/isoform in each plant tissue. (329 aa)
SPS3Solanesyl diphosphate synthase 3, chloroplastic/mitochondrial; May be involved in the supply of solanesyl diphosphate for ubiquinone-9 (UQ-9) biosynthesis in mitochondria. Synthesizes C25 to C45 medium / long-chain products depending on the type of substrate available. Can use geranyl diphosphate, farnesyl diphosphate or geranylgeranyl diphosphate as substrates, but not dimethylallyl diphosphate. (422 aa)
F20O9.100Probable aminotransferase TAT1; Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. (449 aa)
SPS2Solanesyl diphosphate synthase 2, chloroplastic; Involved in providing solanesyl diphosphate for plastoquinone-9 (PQ-9) formation in plastids (Probable). Catalyzes the elongation of the prenyl side chain of PQ-9 in plastids. Contributes to the biosynthesis of plastochromanol-8 (PC-8) in plastids. Does not contribute to the synthesis of tocopherol or ubiquinone. PQ-9 and PC-8 are lipophylic antioxidant that act as protectant against photooxidative stress under high light stress conditions. Prefers geranylgeranyl diphosphate to farnesyl diphosphate as substrate. No activity with geranyl [...] (417 aa)
4CLL94-coumarate--CoA ligase-like 9; Contributes to jasmonic acid biosynthesis by initiating the beta-oxidative chain shortening of its precursors. Converts 12-oxo- phytodienoic acid (OPDA) into OPDA-CoA; Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family. (562 aa)
4CLL64-coumarate--CoA ligase-like 6; Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family. (566 aa)
SPS1Solanesyl diphosphate synthase 1, chloroplastic; Involved in providing solanesyl diphosphate for plastoquinone-9 (PQ-9) formation in plastids. Catalyzes the elongation of the prenyl side chain of PQ-9 in plastids. Contributes to the biosynthesis of plastochromanol-8 (PC-8) in plastids. Does not contribute to the synthesis of tocopherol or ubiquinone. PQ-9 and PC-8 are lipophylic antioxidant that act as protectant against photooxidative stress under high light stress conditions. Prefers geranylgeranyl diphosphate to farnesyl diphosphate as substrate. No activity with geranyl diphosphate [...] (406 aa)
F9D16.60Probable aminotransferase TAT4. (424 aa)
LOX6Lipoxygenase 6, chloroplastic; Plant lipoxygenases may be involved in a number of diverse aspects of plant physiology including growth and development, pest resistance, and senescence or responses to wounding. Catalyzes the hydroperoxidation of lipids containing a cis,cis-1,4-pentadiene structure (By similarity). 13S-lipoxygenase that can use linolenic acid as substrates. (917 aa)
MGN6.20Caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase-like protein; Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Cation-independent O-methyltransferase family. (378 aa)
VTE4Tocopherol O-methyltransferase, chloroplastic; Involved in the synthesis of tocopherol (vitamin E). Methylates gamma- and delta-tocopherol to form beta- and alpha- tocopherol, respectively. (348 aa)
DXR1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase, chloroplastic; Enzyme of the plastid non-mevalonate pathway for isoprenoid biosynthesis that catalyzes the NADP-dependent rearrangement and reduction of 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate (DXP) to 2-C-methyl-D- erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP). Required for chloroplast development. (477 aa)
IVDIsovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial; Involved in degradation of the branched-chain amino acids, phytol and lysine for the supply of carbon and electrons to the ETF/ETFQO complex during dark-induced sugar starvation. Belongs to the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family. (409 aa)
PAL4Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 4; This is a key enzyme of plant metabolism catalyzing the first reaction in the biosynthesis from L-phenylalanine of a wide variety of natural products based on the phenylpropane skeleton; Belongs to the PAL/histidase family. (707 aa)
TAT3Probable aminotransferase TAT3; Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. (445 aa)
GA2Ent-kaur-16-ene synthase, chloroplastic; Catalyzes the conversion of ent-copalyl diphosphate to the gibberellin precursor ent-kaur-16-ene. (785 aa)
4CL34-coumarate--CoA ligase 3; Produces CoA thioesters of a variety of hydroxy- and methoxy- substituted cinnamic acids, which are used to synthesize several phenylpropanoid-derived compounds, including anthocyanins, flavonoids, isoflavonoids, coumarins, lignin, suberin and wall-bound phenolics; Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family. (561 aa)
4CL24-coumarate--CoA ligase 2; Produces CoA thioesters of a variety of hydroxy- and methoxy- substituted cinnamic acids, which are used to synthesize several phenylpropanoid-derived compounds, including anthocyanins, flavonoids, isoflavonoids, coumarins, lignin, suberin and wall-bound phenolics. (556 aa)
4CLL74-coumarate--CoA ligase-like 7; Contributes to jasmonic acid biosynthesis by initiating the beta-oxidative chain shortening of its precursors. (544 aa)
VTE32-methyl-6-phytyl-1,4-hydroquinone methyltransferase, chloroplastic; Involved in a key methylation step in both tocopherols (vitamin E) and plastoquinone synthesis. Catalyzes the conversion of 2- methyl-6-phytyl-1,4-hydroquinone (MPBQ) to 2,3-dimethyl-6-phytyl-1,4- hydroquinone (DMPQ, a substrate for tocopherol cyclase), and 2-methyl- 6-solanyl-1,4-benzoquinone (MSBQ) to plastoquinone. (338 aa)
TATTyrosine aminotransferase; Transaminase involved in tyrosine breakdown. Converts tyrosine to p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate. Can catalyze the reverse reaction, using L-glutamate in vitro. Can convert phenylalanine to phenylpyruvate and catalyze the reverse reaction in vitro. Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. (420 aa)
COQ52-methoxy-6-polyprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol methylase, mitochondrial; Methyltransferase required for the conversion of 2- polyprenyl-6-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinol (DDMQH2) to 2-polyprenyl-3-methyl- 6-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinol (DMQH2). (288 aa)
4CL44-coumarate--CoA ligase 4; Produces CoA thioesters of a variety of hydroxy- and methoxy- substituted cinnamic acids, which are used to synthesize several phenylpropanoid-derived compounds, including anthocyanins, flavonoids, isoflavonoids, coumarins, lignin, suberin and wall-bound phenolics. (570 aa)
4CLL14-coumarate--CoA ligase-like 1; Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family. (542 aa)
LOX3Lipoxygenase 3, chloroplastic; 13S-lipoxygenase that can use linolenic acid as substrates. Plant lipoxygenases may be involved in a number of diverse aspects of plant physiology including growth and development, pest resistance, and senescence or responses to wounding. Catalyzes the hydroperoxidation of lipids containing a cis,cis-1,4-pentadiene structure (By similarity). (919 aa)
LOX4Lipoxygenase 4, chloroplastic; Plant lipoxygenases may be involved in a number of diverse aspects of plant physiology including growth and development, pest resistance, and senescence or responses to wounding. Catalyzes the hydroperoxidation of lipids containing a cis,cis-1,4-pentadiene structure (By similarity). 13S-lipoxygenase that can use linolenic acid as substrates. (926 aa)
TAT7Probable aminotransferase TAT2; Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. (414 aa)
F1C9.19Transferase. (666 aa)
COQ6Ubiquinone biosynthesis monooxygenase COQ6, mitochondrial; FAD-dependent monooxygenase required for the C5-ring hydroxylation during ubiquinone biosynthesis. Catalyzes the hydroxylation of 3-polyprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid to 3-polyprenyl- 4,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid. The electrons required for the hydroxylation reaction may be funneled indirectly from NADPH via a ferredoxin/ferredoxin reductase system to COQ6. (507 aa)
MVD2Diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase MVD2, peroxisomal; Performs the first committed step in the biosynthesis of isoprene-containing compounds such as sterols and terpenoids. Is specific for (R)-5-diphosphomevalonate (MVAPP). The catalytic efficiency with (R)-5-phosphomevalonate (MVAP) as substrate is 10000- fold lower than for MVAPP; Belongs to the diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase family. (419 aa)
F20O9.90Tyrosine transaminase family protein. (447 aa)
ETFQOElectron transfer flavoprotein-ubiquinone oxidoreductase, mitochondrial; Accepts electrons from ETF and reduces ubiquinone. May act downstream of IVD and D2HGDH in the degradation of phytol or chlorophyll during dark-induced senescence and sugar starvation. Belongs to the ETF-QO/FixC family. (633 aa)
FDC1Ferredoxin C 1, chloroplastic; Ferredoxins are iron-sulfur proteins that transfer electrons in a wide variety of metabolic reactions (Probable). Mediates alternative electron partitioning in conditions of acceptor limitation at photosystem I. Accepts electrons from photosystem I (PSI) and is capable of electron transfer with FNR, but cannot support photoreduction of NADP(+). (154 aa)
MVD1Diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase MVD1, peroxisomal; Performs the first committed step in the biosynthesis of isoprene-containing compounds such as sterols and terpenoids. Is specific for (R)-5- diphosphomevalonate (MVAPP). The catalytic efficiency with (R)-5- phosphomevalonate (MVAP) as substrate is 10000-fold lower than for MVAPP. Can complement a yeast mutant defective in MVD activity. (412 aa)
COQ3Ubiquinone biosynthesis O-methyltransferase, mitochondrial; O-methyltransferase that catalyzes the 2 O-methylation steps in the ubiquinone biosynthetic pathway; Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. UbiG/COQ3 family. (322 aa)
ISPE4-diphosphocytidyl-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol kinase, chloroplastic; Enzyme of the plastid non-mevalonate pathway for isoprenoid biosynthesis that catalyzes the phosphorylation of the position 2 hydroxy group of 4-diphosphocytidyl-2C-methyl-D-erythritol. Is essential for chloroplast development. (383 aa)
PAD1Proteasome subunit alpha type-7-A; The proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity. Mediates the association of the SCF(TIR1) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex with the proteasome. (250 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Arabidopsis thaliana
NCBI taxonomy Id: 3702
Other names: A. thaliana, Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh., mouse-ear cress, thale cress, thale-cress
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