Alcohol dehydrogenase class-P; Alcohol dehydrogenase mostly active on ethanol (EtOH), but exhibits broad substrates selectivity for primary and secondary alcohols (e.g. butanol, propyl alcohol, pentanol, isopentanol, ethylene glycol, isopropanol, methanol and tertiary butyl alcohol). Converts allyl alcohol to highly toxic acryl- aldehyde. Required for survival and acclimation in hypoxic conditions, especially in roots.

Protein COLD-REGULATED 15A, chloroplastic; Exhibits cryoprotective activity toward stromal substrates (e.g. LDH and rubisco) in chloroplasts and in protoplasts and confers freezing tolerance to plants in a CBF-dependent manner. Protectant against various stresses (e.g. cold, drought and heat stress) by preventing protein aggregation (e.g. LDH) and attenuating enzyme inactivation. Influences the intrinsic curvature of the inner membrane of the chloroplast envelope, and modulates the freeze-induced lamellar-to-hexagonal II phase transitions that occur in regions where the plasma membrane [...]

Alcohol dehydrogenase class-P; Alcohol dehydrogenase mostly active on ethanol (EtOH), but exhibits broad substrates selectivity for primary and secondary alcohols (e.g. butanol, propyl alcohol, pentanol, isopentanol, ethylene glycol, isopropanol, methanol and tertiary butyl alcohol). Converts allyl alcohol to highly toxic acryl- aldehyde. Required for survival and acclimation in hypoxic conditions, especially in roots.

Low-temperature-induced 65 kDa protein; Belongs to the LTI78/LTI65 family.

Alcohol dehydrogenase class-P; Alcohol dehydrogenase mostly active on ethanol (EtOH), but exhibits broad substrates selectivity for primary and secondary alcohols (e.g. butanol, propyl alcohol, pentanol, isopentanol, ethylene glycol, isopropanol, methanol and tertiary butyl alcohol). Converts allyl alcohol to highly toxic acryl- aldehyde. Required for survival and acclimation in hypoxic conditions, especially in roots.

Low-temperature-induced 78 kDa protein; Involved in responses to abiotic stresses. Regulates probably root elongation in cold conditions ; Belongs to the LTI78/LTI65 family.

Protein COLD-REGULATED 15A, chloroplastic; Exhibits cryoprotective activity toward stromal substrates (e.g. LDH and rubisco) in chloroplasts and in protoplasts and confers freezing tolerance to plants in a CBF-dependent manner. Protectant against various stresses (e.g. cold, drought and heat stress) by preventing protein aggregation (e.g. LDH) and attenuating enzyme inactivation. Influences the intrinsic curvature of the inner membrane of the chloroplast envelope, and modulates the freeze-induced lamellar-to-hexagonal II phase transitions that occur in regions where the plasma membrane [...]

Alcohol dehydrogenase class-P; Alcohol dehydrogenase mostly active on ethanol (EtOH), but exhibits broad substrates selectivity for primary and secondary alcohols (e.g. butanol, propyl alcohol, pentanol, isopentanol, ethylene glycol, isopropanol, methanol and tertiary butyl alcohol). Converts allyl alcohol to highly toxic acryl- aldehyde. Required for survival and acclimation in hypoxic conditions, especially in roots.

Protein COLD-REGULATED 15A, chloroplastic; Exhibits cryoprotective activity toward stromal substrates (e.g. LDH and rubisco) in chloroplasts and in protoplasts and confers freezing tolerance to plants in a CBF-dependent manner. Protectant against various stresses (e.g. cold, drought and heat stress) by preventing protein aggregation (e.g. LDH) and attenuating enzyme inactivation. Influences the intrinsic curvature of the inner membrane of the chloroplast envelope, and modulates the freeze-induced lamellar-to-hexagonal II phase transitions that occur in regions where the plasma membrane [...]

Galactinol synthase 3; Galactinol synthase involved in the biosynthesis of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as osmoprotectants. May promote plant stress tolerance (By similarity).

Protein COLD-REGULATED 15A, chloroplastic; Exhibits cryoprotective activity toward stromal substrates (e.g. LDH and rubisco) in chloroplasts and in protoplasts and confers freezing tolerance to plants in a CBF-dependent manner. Protectant against various stresses (e.g. cold, drought and heat stress) by preventing protein aggregation (e.g. LDH) and attenuating enzyme inactivation. Influences the intrinsic curvature of the inner membrane of the chloroplast envelope, and modulates the freeze-induced lamellar-to-hexagonal II phase transitions that occur in regions where the plasma membrane [...]

Histone deacetylase 6; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Might remove acetyl residues only from specific targets, such as rDNA repeats or complex transgenes. Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes. Required for rRNA gene silencing in nucleolar dominance. Plays a role in transgene silencing, but this e [...]

Protein COLD-REGULATED 15A, chloroplastic; Exhibits cryoprotective activity toward stromal substrates (e.g. LDH and rubisco) in chloroplasts and in protoplasts and confers freezing tolerance to plants in a CBF-dependent manner. Protectant against various stresses (e.g. cold, drought and heat stress) by preventing protein aggregation (e.g. LDH) and attenuating enzyme inactivation. Influences the intrinsic curvature of the inner membrane of the chloroplast envelope, and modulates the freeze-induced lamellar-to-hexagonal II phase transitions that occur in regions where the plasma membrane [...]

Low-temperature-induced 65 kDa protein; Belongs to the LTI78/LTI65 family.

Protein COLD-REGULATED 15A, chloroplastic; Exhibits cryoprotective activity toward stromal substrates (e.g. LDH and rubisco) in chloroplasts and in protoplasts and confers freezing tolerance to plants in a CBF-dependent manner. Protectant against various stresses (e.g. cold, drought and heat stress) by preventing protein aggregation (e.g. LDH) and attenuating enzyme inactivation. Influences the intrinsic curvature of the inner membrane of the chloroplast envelope, and modulates the freeze-induced lamellar-to-hexagonal II phase transitions that occur in regions where the plasma membrane [...]

Probable peroxygenase 3; Probable calcium-binding peroxygenase. May be involved in the degradation of storage lipid in oil bodies, in abiotic stress-related signaling pathway and in drought tolerance through stomatal control under water deficit conditions.

Protein COLD-REGULATED 15A, chloroplastic; Exhibits cryoprotective activity toward stromal substrates (e.g. LDH and rubisco) in chloroplasts and in protoplasts and confers freezing tolerance to plants in a CBF-dependent manner. Protectant against various stresses (e.g. cold, drought and heat stress) by preventing protein aggregation (e.g. LDH) and attenuating enzyme inactivation. Influences the intrinsic curvature of the inner membrane of the chloroplast envelope, and modulates the freeze-induced lamellar-to-hexagonal II phase transitions that occur in regions where the plasma membrane [...]

Low-temperature-induced 78 kDa protein; Involved in responses to abiotic stresses. Regulates probably root elongation in cold conditions ; Belongs to the LTI78/LTI65 family.

ATP-dependent DNA helicase DDM1; ATP-dependent DNA helicase that plays a role in formation, organization, stability and heritability of heterochromatin and thus regulates several physiological traits. Binds to the nucleosome and promotes chromatin remodeling in an ATP-dependent manner; induces nucleosome repositioning on a short DNA fragment, and, possibly, could be guided to target sites (including silent transposable elements) by small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). Can bind both free and nucleosomal DNA. Required for the heritable maintenance of genome integrity and transcriptional gene [...]

Transcriptional activator DEMETER; Transcriptional activator involved in gene imprinting. Catalyzes the release of 5-methylcytosine (5-meC) from DNA by a glycosylase/lyase mechanism. Allows the expression of the maternal copy of the imprinted MEA gene before fertilization, possibly by antagonizing or suppressing DNA methylation on target promoter. Probably acts by nicking the MEA promoter. Required for stable reproducible patterns of floral and vegetative development.

ATP-dependent DNA helicase DDM1; ATP-dependent DNA helicase that plays a role in formation, organization, stability and heritability of heterochromatin and thus regulates several physiological traits. Binds to the nucleosome and promotes chromatin remodeling in an ATP-dependent manner; induces nucleosome repositioning on a short DNA fragment, and, possibly, could be guided to target sites (including silent transposable elements) by small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). Can bind both free and nucleosomal DNA. Required for the heritable maintenance of genome integrity and transcriptional gene [...]

Histone deacetylase 6; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Might remove acetyl residues only from specific targets, such as rDNA repeats or complex transgenes. Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes. Required for rRNA gene silencing in nucleolar dominance. Plays a role in transgene silencing, but this e [...]

Transcriptional activator DEMETER; Transcriptional activator involved in gene imprinting. Catalyzes the release of 5-methylcytosine (5-meC) from DNA by a glycosylase/lyase mechanism. Allows the expression of the maternal copy of the imprinted MEA gene before fertilization, possibly by antagonizing or suppressing DNA methylation on target promoter. Probably acts by nicking the MEA promoter. Required for stable reproducible patterns of floral and vegetative development.

ATP-dependent DNA helicase DDM1; ATP-dependent DNA helicase that plays a role in formation, organization, stability and heritability of heterochromatin and thus regulates several physiological traits. Binds to the nucleosome and promotes chromatin remodeling in an ATP-dependent manner; induces nucleosome repositioning on a short DNA fragment, and, possibly, could be guided to target sites (including silent transposable elements) by small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). Can bind both free and nucleosomal DNA. Required for the heritable maintenance of genome integrity and transcriptional gene [...]

Transcriptional activator DEMETER; Transcriptional activator involved in gene imprinting. Catalyzes the release of 5-methylcytosine (5-meC) from DNA by a glycosylase/lyase mechanism. Allows the expression of the maternal copy of the imprinted MEA gene before fertilization, possibly by antagonizing or suppressing DNA methylation on target promoter. Probably acts by nicking the MEA promoter. Required for stable reproducible patterns of floral and vegetative development.

Histone deacetylase 6; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Might remove acetyl residues only from specific targets, such as rDNA repeats or complex transgenes. Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes. Required for rRNA gene silencing in nucleolar dominance. Plays a role in transgene silencing, but this e [...]

Galactinol synthase 3; Galactinol synthase involved in the biosynthesis of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as osmoprotectants. May promote plant stress tolerance (By similarity).

Protein COLD-REGULATED 15A, chloroplastic; Exhibits cryoprotective activity toward stromal substrates (e.g. LDH and rubisco) in chloroplasts and in protoplasts and confers freezing tolerance to plants in a CBF-dependent manner. Protectant against various stresses (e.g. cold, drought and heat stress) by preventing protein aggregation (e.g. LDH) and attenuating enzyme inactivation. Influences the intrinsic curvature of the inner membrane of the chloroplast envelope, and modulates the freeze-induced lamellar-to-hexagonal II phase transitions that occur in regions where the plasma membrane [...]

Galactinol synthase 3; Galactinol synthase involved in the biosynthesis of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as osmoprotectants. May promote plant stress tolerance (By similarity).

Low-temperature-induced 78 kDa protein; Involved in responses to abiotic stresses. Regulates probably root elongation in cold conditions ; Belongs to the LTI78/LTI65 family.

Histone deacetylase 6; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Might remove acetyl residues only from specific targets, such as rDNA repeats or complex transgenes. Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes. Required for rRNA gene silencing in nucleolar dominance. Plays a role in transgene silencing, but this e [...]

Protein COLD-REGULATED 15A, chloroplastic; Exhibits cryoprotective activity toward stromal substrates (e.g. LDH and rubisco) in chloroplasts and in protoplasts and confers freezing tolerance to plants in a CBF-dependent manner. Protectant against various stresses (e.g. cold, drought and heat stress) by preventing protein aggregation (e.g. LDH) and attenuating enzyme inactivation. Influences the intrinsic curvature of the inner membrane of the chloroplast envelope, and modulates the freeze-induced lamellar-to-hexagonal II phase transitions that occur in regions where the plasma membrane [...]

Histone deacetylase 6; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Might remove acetyl residues only from specific targets, such as rDNA repeats or complex transgenes. Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes. Required for rRNA gene silencing in nucleolar dominance. Plays a role in transgene silencing, but this e [...]

ATP-dependent DNA helicase DDM1; ATP-dependent DNA helicase that plays a role in formation, organization, stability and heritability of heterochromatin and thus regulates several physiological traits. Binds to the nucleosome and promotes chromatin remodeling in an ATP-dependent manner; induces nucleosome repositioning on a short DNA fragment, and, possibly, could be guided to target sites (including silent transposable elements) by small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). Can bind both free and nucleosomal DNA. Required for the heritable maintenance of genome integrity and transcriptional gene [...]

Histone deacetylase 6; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Might remove acetyl residues only from specific targets, such as rDNA repeats or complex transgenes. Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes. Required for rRNA gene silencing in nucleolar dominance. Plays a role in transgene silencing, but this e [...]

Transcriptional activator DEMETER; Transcriptional activator involved in gene imprinting. Catalyzes the release of 5-methylcytosine (5-meC) from DNA by a glycosylase/lyase mechanism. Allows the expression of the maternal copy of the imprinted MEA gene before fertilization, possibly by antagonizing or suppressing DNA methylation on target promoter. Probably acts by nicking the MEA promoter. Required for stable reproducible patterns of floral and vegetative development.

Histone deacetylase 6; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Might remove acetyl residues only from specific targets, such as rDNA repeats or complex transgenes. Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes. Required for rRNA gene silencing in nucleolar dominance. Plays a role in transgene silencing, but this e [...]

Low-temperature-induced 78 kDa protein; Involved in responses to abiotic stresses. Regulates probably root elongation in cold conditions ; Belongs to the LTI78/LTI65 family.

Sodium transporter HKT1; Sodium transporter protein, which plays a central role in plant tolerance to salt. Upon prolongated exposure to high concentrations, Na(+) translocates from the roots to the transpiring leaves where it can increase to toxic level. Involved in Na(+) recirculation from shoots to roots, probably by mediating Na(+) loading into the phloem sap in shoots and unloading in roots, thereby removing large amounts of Na(+) from the shoot. Does not transport K(+) but regulates K(+) nutrient status via its ability to facilitate Na(+) homeostasis. Probably not involved in roo [...]

Low-temperature-induced 65 kDa protein; Belongs to the LTI78/LTI65 family.