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BZR1 BZR1 F1C9.19 F1C9.19 B3H7M7_ARATH B3H7M7_ARATH EFR EFR WRKY15 WRKY15 BIK1 BIK1 CYP90B1 CYP90B1 DBP DBP PHYA PHYA COP1 COP1 ABI1 ABI1 ABI3 ABI3 MYB96 MYB96 IAA14 IAA14 FTB FTB ASK7 ASK7 ASK9 ASK9 MPK6 MPK6 GA3OX1 GA3OX1 SRK2D SRK2D SRK2I SRK2I SIZ1 SIZ1 RGL2 RGL2 MIEL1 MIEL1 PIF4 PIF4 BEE2 BEE2 NAC072 NAC072 WRKY54 WRKY54 SRK2E SRK2E CYP85A2 CYP85A2 BSK1 BSK1 BAK1 BAK1 BIR1 BIR1 WRKY18 WRKY18 RGL1 RGL1 PRE3 PRE3 ARF8 ARF8 MCA23.26 MCA23.26 RBOHD RBOHD CYP85A1 CYP85A1 HDA6 HDA6 BKI1 BKI1 GL3 GL3 FKBP42 FKBP42 BIM1 BIM1 RGL3 RGL3 PP2C38 PP2C38 BRL3 BRL3 BZR2 BZR2 GAI GAI BSU1 BSU1 WRKY70 WRKY70 SCPL24 SCPL24 ABF2 ABF2 ABF1 ABF1 WRKY40 WRKY40 RBOHB RBOHB MYB30 MYB30 DSK2B DSK2B ABI5 ABI5 JUB1 JUB1 WRKY46 WRKY46 IBH1 IBH1 RGA RGA PEPR1 PEPR1 KIB1 KIB1 WRKY11 WRKY11 HBI1 HBI1 ARF6 ARF6 BRL1 BRL1
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BZR1Protein BRASSINAZOLE-RESISTANT 1; Transcriptional repressor that binds to the brassinosteroid (BR) response element (BRRE) 5'-CGTG(T/C)G-3' in gene promoter. Regulates positively the brassinosteroid-signaling pathway. Mediates downstream growth responses and negative feedback regulation of brassinosteroid biosynthesis. Promotes growth. Modulates ovule initiation and development by monitoring the expression of genes related to ovule development (e.g. HLL, ANT, and AP2). (336 aa)
F1C9.19Transferase. (666 aa)
B3H7M7_ARATHCorepressor. (170 aa)
EFRLRR receptor-like serine/threonine-protein kinase EFR; Constitutes the pattern-recognition receptor (PPR) that determines the specific perception of elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu), a potent elicitor of the defense response to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Reduces transformation by Rhizobium radiobacter probably by inducing plant defense during the interaction. Binding to the effector AvrPto1 from P.syringae blocks the downstream plant immune response while interaction with hopD2 decreases the phosphorylation level of EFR upon elf18 treatment. Specific endoplasmic reticu [...] (1031 aa)
WRKY15Probable WRKY transcription factor 15; Transcription factor. Interacts specifically with the W box (5'-(T)TGAC[CT]-3'), a frequently occurring elicitor-responsive cis- acting element (By similarity); Belongs to the WRKY group II-d family. (317 aa)
BIK1Serine/threonine-protein kinase BIK1; Plays a central role in immune responses. Required to activate the resistance responses to necrotrophic pathogens. Phosphorylates FLS2 and BAK1. Involved in pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity (PTI) signaling and defense responses downstream of FLS2. Acts additively with PBL1 in PTI defenses. Acts as positive regulator of the PAMP flg22-induced increase of cytosolic calcium. Binds directly and phosphorylates the NADPH oxidase RBOHD at specific sites in a calcium-independent manner to enhance reactive oxygen species (ROS) [...] (395 aa)
CYP90B1Cytochrome P450 90B1; Catalyzes the C22-alpha-hydroxylation step in brassinosteroids biosynthesis. Converts campestanol to 6- deoxocathasterone and 6-oxocampestanol to cathasterone. (513 aa)
DBPRemorin; Exhibits a non sequence-specific DNA-binding activity. (190 aa)
PHYAPhytochrome A; Regulatory photoreceptor which exists in two forms that are reversibly interconvertible by light: the Pr form that absorbs maximally in the red region of the spectrum and the Pfr form that absorbs maximally in the far-red region. Photoconversion of Pr to Pfr induces an array of morphogenetic responses, whereas reconversion of Pfr to Pr cancels the induction of those responses. Pfr controls the expression of a number of nuclear genes including those encoding the small subunit of ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase, chlorophyll A/B binding protein, protochlorophyllide reduct [...] (1122 aa)
COP1E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase COP1; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that acts as a repressor of photomorphogenesis and as an activator of etiolation in darkness. E3 ubiquitin ligases accept ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates. Represses photomorphogenesis in darkness by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of light-induced transcription factors such as HY5, HYH and LAF1. Down-regulates MYB21, probably via ubiquitination process. Light stimuli abrogate the repre [...] (675 aa)
ABI1Protein phosphatase 2C 56; Key component and repressor of the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway that regulates numerous ABA responses, such as stomatal closure, osmotic water permeability of the plasma membrane (Pos), drought-induced resistance and rhizogenesis, response to glucose, high light stress, seed germination and inhibition of vegetative growth. During the stomatal closure regulation, modulates the inward calcium-channel permeability as well as the actin reorganization in guard cells in response to ABA. Involved in the resistance to the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syrin [...] (434 aa)
ABI3B3 domain-containing transcription factor ABI3; Participates in abscisic acid-regulated gene expression during seed development. Regulates the transcription of SGR1 and SGR2 that are involved in leaf and embryo degreening. (720 aa)
MYB96Transcription factor MYB96; Transcription activator involved in the activation of cuticular wax biosynthesis under drought stress. Binds directly to DNA consensus sequences found in the promoters of genes encoding very-long- chain fatty acid-condensing enzymes involved in cuticular wax biosynthesis. Functions together with MYB94 in the activation of cuticular wax biosynthesis. Involved in drought stress response through abscisic acid (ABA) signaling. Mediates ABA signals that enhance plant resistance to drought by reducing stomatal opening. Mediates ABA-auxin cross-talk to regulate lat [...] (352 aa)
IAA14Auxin-responsive protein IAA14; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (228 aa)
FTBProtein farnesyltransferase subunit beta; Catalyzes the transfer of a farnesyl moiety from farnesyl diphosphate to a cysteine at the fourth position from the C-terminus of several proteins having the C-terminal sequence Cys-aliphatic- aliphatic-X (CaaX). The beta subunit is responsible for peptide- binding. (482 aa)
ASK7Shaggy-related protein kinase eta; Negative regulator in brassinosteroid signal transduction pathway important for plant growth. May be also involved in auxin signaling pathway. Phosphorylates and increases the degradation of BZR1 and BZR2/BES1 by the proteasome. Phosphorylates BHLH150, beet curly top virus C4 and tomato golden mosaic virus AC4 on threonine and serine residues. Upon brassinosteroid signaling, inhibits stomatal development by phosphorylating and inhibiting the MAPKK kinase YDA and the MAPK kinases MKK4 and MKK5. Phosphorylates BSK1, BSK3, BSK5, BSK6, BSK8 AND BSK11 in v [...] (380 aa)
ASK9Shaggy-related protein kinase iota; Phosphorylates BSK1, BSK3, BSK5, BSK6, BSK8 AND BSK11 in vitro. May mediate extracellular signals to regulate transcription in differentiating cells (By similarity). (407 aa)
MPK6Mitogen-activated protein kinase 6; Involved in oxidative stress-mediated signaling cascade (such as ozone). Involved in the innate immune MAP kinase signaling cascade (MEKK1, MKK4/MKK5 and MPK3/MPK6) downstream of bacterial flagellin receptor FLS2. May be involved in hypersensitive response (HR)-mediated signaling cascade by modulating LIP5 phosphorylation and subsequent multivesicular bodies (MVBs) trafficking. May phosphorylate regulators of WRKY transcription factors. Phosphorylates 1-aminocyclopropane-1- carboxylic acid synthases (ACS2 and ACS6) and may be involved in the regulati [...] (395 aa)
GA3OX1Gibberellin 3-beta-dioxygenase 1; Converts the inactive gibberellin (GA) precursors GA9 and GA20 in the bioactives gibberellins GA4 and GA1. Involved in the production of bioactive GA for vegetative growth and development. Belongs to the iron/ascorbate-dependent oxidoreductase family. GA3OX subfamily. (358 aa)
SRK2DSerine/threonine-protein kinase SRK2D; Together with SRK2I, key component and activator of the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway that regulates numerous ABA responses, such as seed germination, Pro accumulation, root growth inhibition, dormancy and seedling growth, and, to a lesser extent, stomatal closure; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. (362 aa)
SRK2ISerine/threonine-protein kinase SRK2I; Together with SRK2D, key component and activator of the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway that regulates numerous ABA responses, such as seed germination, Pro accumulation, root growth inhibition, dormancy and seedling growth, and, to a lesser extent, stomatal closure. (361 aa)
SIZ1E3 SUMO-protein ligase SIZ1; E3 SUMO protein ligase involved in regulation processes. Mediates SUMO/ attachment to PHR1, a MYB transcriptional activator controlling the phosphate deficiency responses. Functions as an upstream negative regulator of salicylic acid (SA) accumulation and subsequent SA-mediated systemic acquired resistance (SAR) signaling. Probably not involved in jasmonic acid (JA)-mediated defense response. Participates in abiotic stress-induced sumoylation. Controls heat shock-induced SUMO1 and SUMO2 conjugation and facilitates basal thermotolerance. Involved in freezing [...] (884 aa)
RGL2DELLA protein RGL2; Probable transcriptional regulator that acts as a repressor of the gibberellin (GA) signaling pathway. No effect of the BOI proteins on its stability. Probably acts by participating in large multiprotein complexes that repress transcription of GA-inducible genes. Upon GA application, it is degraded by the proteasome, allowing the GA signaling pathway. Acts as a major GA-response repressor of seed germination, including seed thermoinhibition. Promotes the biosynthesis of abscisic acid (ABA), especially in seed coats to maintain seed dormancy. Delays flowering and adu [...] (547 aa)
MIEL1E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase MIEL1; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that acts as a regulator of cell death and defense. E3 ubiquitin ligases accept ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates. Attenuates the activation of defense and related cell death responses in the absence of pathogens by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of MYB30. (267 aa)
PIF4Transcription factor PIF4; Transcription factor acting negatively in the phytochrome B signaling pathway. May regulate the expression of a subset of genes involved in cell expansion by binding to the G-box motif (By similarity). Activated by CRY1 and CRY2 in response to low blue light (LBL) by direct binding at chromatin on E-box variant 5'-CA[CT]GTG-3' to stimulate specific gene expression to adapt global physiology (e.g. hypocotyl elongation in low blue light). Belongs to the bHLH protein family. (430 aa)
BEE2Transcription factor BEE 2; Positive regulator of brassinosteroid signaling. (304 aa)
NAC072NAC domain-containing protein 72; Transcription factors that bind specifically to the 5'- CATGTG-3' motif. (297 aa)
WRKY54Probable WRKY transcription factor 54; Transcription factor. Interacts specifically with the W box (5'-(T)TGAC[CT]-3'), a frequently occurring elicitor-responsive cis- acting element (By similarity). Together with WRKY70, negative regulator of developmental senescence, probably via the regulation of several senescence-associated markers genes. Positive regulator of EDS1-dependent defense against E.amylovora. In collaboration with WRKY70, prevents stomatal closure and, consequently, osmotic stress tolerance. Together with WRKY46 and WRKY70, promotes brassinosteroid (BR)- regulated plant [...] (346 aa)
SRK2ESerine/threonine-protein kinase SRK2E; Activator of the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway that regulates numerous ABA responses, such as stomata closure in response to drought, darkness, high CO(2), plant pathogens, or decreases in atmospheric relative humidity (RH). Involved in the resistance to drought by avoiding water loss. Required for the stomata closure mediated by pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMPs) (e.g. flg22 and LPS) of pathogenic bacteria such as P.syringae pv. tomato (Pst) and E.coli O157:H7. As a plant defense process, stomata are closed transiently in order [...] (362 aa)
CYP85A2Cytochrome P450 85A2; Catalyzes the C6-oxidation step in brassinosteroids biosynthesis. Converts 6-deoxocastasterone to castasterone, and castasterone to brassinolide. May also convert 6-deoxoteasterone to teasterone, 3-dehydro-6-deoxoteasterone to 3-dehydroteasterone, and 6- deoxotyphasterol to typhasterol; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (465 aa)
BSK1Serine/threonine-protein kinase BSK1; Serine/threonine kinase that acts as positive regulator of brassinosteroid (BR) signaling downstream of the receptor kinase BRI1. Mediates signal transduction from BRI1 by functioning as substrate of BRI1. Functions as a positive regulator of plant immunity. May be involved in the regulation of pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) downstream of the flagellin receptor FLS2. Possesses kinase activity in vitro. Kinase activity is required for its function in innate immunity. (512 aa)
BAK1BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1-associated receptor kinase 1; Dual specificity kinase acting on both serine/threonine- and tyrosine-containing substrates. Controls the expression of genes associated with innate immunity in the absence of pathogens or elicitors. Involved in brassinosteroid (BR) signal transduction. Phosphorylates BRI1. May be involved in changing the equilibrium between plasma membrane-located BRI1 homodimers and endocytosed BRI1- BAK1 heterodimers. Interaction with MSBP1 stimulates the endocytosis of BAK1 and suppresses brassinosteroid signaling. Acts in pathogen- associ [...] (615 aa)
BIR1Probably inactive leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein kinase At5g48380. (620 aa)
WRKY18WRKY transcription factor 18; Transcription factor. Interacts specifically with the W box (5'-(T)TGAC[CT]-3'), a frequently occurring elicitor-responsive cis- acting element. Positively modulates defense-related gene expression and disease resistance; Belongs to the WRKY group II-a family. (310 aa)
RGL1DELLA protein RGL1; Probable transcriptional regulator that acts as a repressor of the gibberellin (GA) signaling pathway. No effect of the BOI proteins on its stability. Probably acts by participating in large multiprotein complexes that repress transcription of GA-inducible genes. Has overlapping but distinct roles in GA signaling compared to RGA and GAI. Regulates the floral development. May also participate in seed germination and in ovule and anther development. Its activity is probably regulated by other phytohormones such as auxin and ethylene. (511 aa)
PRE3Transcription factor PRE3; Atypical and probable non DNA-binding bHLH transcription factor required for MONOPTEROS-dependent root initiation in embryo. Promotes the correct definition of the hypophysis cell division plane. Transcriptionally controlled by MONOPTEROS. Moves from its site of synthesis in pro-embryos cells into the hypophysis. Regulates brassinosteroid (BR) signaling by sequestering negative BR signaling components. May function as positive regulator of gibberellin signaling. May play a role in the regulation of light signaling and possibly auxin signaling. (93 aa)
ARF8Auxin response factor 8; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Seems to act as transcriptional activator. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. Regulates both stamen and gynoecium maturation. Promotes jasmonic acid production. Partially redundant with ARF6. Involved in fruit initiation. Acts as an inhibitor to stop further carpel development in the absence of fertilizati [...] (811 aa)
MCA23.26Transcription elongation factor. (187 aa)
RBOHDRespiratory burst oxidase homolog protein D; Calcium-dependent NADPH oxidase that generates superoxide. Involved in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during incompatible interactions with pathogens and in UV-B and abscisic acid ROS-dependent signaling. Might be required for ROS signal amplification during light stress. Belongs to the RBOH (TC 5.B.1.3) family. (921 aa)
CYP85A1Cytochrome P450 85A1; Catalyzes the C6-oxidation step in brassinosteroids biosynthesis. Converts 6-deoxocastasterone to castasterone. May also convert 6-deoxoteasterone to teasterone, 3-dehydro-6-deoxoteasterone to 3-dehydroteasterone, and 6-deoxotyphasterol to typhasterol. (465 aa)
HDA6Histone deacetylase 6; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Might remove acetyl residues only from specific targets, such as rDNA repeats or complex transgenes. Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes. Required for rRNA gene silencing in nucleolar dominance. Plays a role in transgene silencing, but this e [...] (471 aa)
BKI1BRI1 kinase inhibitor 1; Negative regulator of brassinosteroid signaling. When associated to the membrane, limits the interaction of BRI1 with BAK1 by binding to the kinase-inactive form of BRI1. (337 aa)
GL3Transcription factor GLABRA 3; Transcription activator, when associated with MYB75/PAP1, MYB90/PAP2 or TT2. Involved in epidermal cell fate specification. Regulates negatively stomata formation, but, in association with TTG1 and MYB0/GL1, promotes trichome formation, branching and endoreplication. Regulates also trichome cell wall maturation. Together with MYB66/WER, promotes the formation of non-hair cells in root epidermis cells in the N position. Whereas together with CPC, promotes the formation of hair cells in root epidermis cells in the H position by inhibiting non-hair cell form [...] (637 aa)
FKBP42Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP42; PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides (By similarity). Modulates the uptake of MRP substrates into the vacuole; reduces metolachlor-GS (MOC-GS) and enhances 17-beta- estradiol 17-(beta-D-glucuronide) (E(2)17betaG) uptake. Regulates cell elongation and orientation. Functions as a positive regulator of PGP1- mediated auxin transport. Confers drug modulation of PGP1 efflux activity as interaction with NPA or flavonol quercetin prevents its physical an [...] (365 aa)
BIM1Transcription factor BIM1; Positive brassinosteroid-signaling protein. Transcription factor that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-CANNTG-3'(E box). Can bind individually to the promoter as a homodimer or synergistically as a heterodimer with BZR2/BES1. Does not itself activate transcription but enhances BZR2/BES1-mediated target gene activation. (529 aa)
RGL3DELLA protein RGL3; Probable transcriptional regulator that acts as a repressor of the gibberellin (GA) signaling pathway. No effect of the BOI proteins on its stability. Probably acts by participating in large multiprotein complexes that repress transcription of GA-inducible genes. Its activity may be regulated by phytohormones such as auxin and ethylene (By similarity); Belongs to the GRAS family. DELLA subfamily. (523 aa)
PP2C38Probable protein phosphatase 2C 38; Involved in pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)- triggered immunity (PTI) signaling. Negatively regulates immune responses by controlling the phosphorylation and activation status of BIK1, a central rate-limiting kinase in PTI signaling. Impairs the phosphorylation of the NADPH oxidase RBOHD by BIK1. (385 aa)
BRL3Receptor-like protein kinase BRI1-like 3; Receptor with a dual specificity kinase activity acting on both serine/threonine- and tyrosine-containing substrates. Binds brassinolide. Regulates, in response to brassinosteroid binding, a signaling cascade involved in plant development. May be involved in cell growth and vascular differentiation. Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. (1164 aa)
BZR2Protein BRASSINAZOLE-RESISTANT 2; Positive regulator of brassinosteroid (BR) signaling. Transcription factor that activates target gene expression by binding specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-CANNTG-3'(E box) through its N- terminal domain. Can bind individually to the promoter as a homodimer or synergistically as a heterodimer with BIM1, BIM2 or BIM3. The C- terminal domain is probably involved in transcriptional activation. Recruits the transcription elongation factor IWS1 to control BR- regulated gene expression. Forms a trimeric complex with IWS1 and ASHH2/SDG8 to regulate BR-reg [...] (335 aa)
GAIDELLA protein GAI; Transcriptional regulator that acts as a repressor of the gibberellin (GA) signaling pathway. Transcription coactivator of the zinc finger transcription factors GAF1/IDD2 and ENY/IDD1 in regulation of gibberellin homeostasis and signaling. No effect of the BOI proteins on its stability. Probably acts by participating in large multiprotein complexes that repress transcription of GA-inducible genes. Positively regulates XERICO expression. In contrast to RGA, it is less sensitive to GA. Its activity is probably regulated by other phytohormones such as auxin and ethylene [...] (533 aa)
BSU1Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase BSU1; Phosphatase that acts as a positive regulator of brassinosteroid (BR) signaling. Dephosphorylates BES1, a transcription factor that regulates the expression of BR-response genes, thereby playing an important role in the regulation of response to BRs. Inactivates the negative regulator of BR signaling ASK7/BIN2 by dephosphorylation at 'Tyr-200'. (793 aa)
WRKY70Probable WRKY transcription factor 70; Transcription factor involved in senescence, biotic and abiotic stress responses by modulating various phytohormones signaling pathways. Interacts specifically with the W box (5'- (T)TGAC[CT]-3'), a frequently occurring elicitor-responsive cis-acting element (By similarity). Binds to the 5'-[CT]GACTTTT-3' motif in promoters of target genes to induce their expression. Plays an important but not indispensable role in jasmonate and salicylic acid signaling. Regulates positively the salicylic acid (SA)-mediated signal pathway, but negatively the jasmo [...] (294 aa)
SCPL24Serine carboxypeptidase 24 chain A; Active serine carboxypeptidase with broad substrate preference, including basic and hydrophilic groups. Processes a protein involved in an early event in the brassinosteroid signaling pathway. (465 aa)
ABF2ABSCISIC ACID-INSENSITIVE 5-like protein 5; Involved in ABA and stress responses and acts as a positive component of glucose signal transduction. Functions as transcriptional activator in the ABA-inducible expression of rd29B. Binds specifically to the ABA-responsive element (ABRE) of the rd29B gene promoter. (416 aa)
ABF1ABSCISIC ACID-INSENSITIVE 5-like protein 4; Binds to the ABA-responsive element (ABRE). Could participate in abscisic acid-regulated gene expression; Belongs to the bZIP family. ABI5 subfamily. (392 aa)
WRKY40Probable WRKY transcription factor 40; Transcription factor (By similarity). Interacts specifically with the W box (5'-(T)TGAC[CT]-3'), a frequently occurring elicitor- responsive cis-acting element (By similarity). (302 aa)
RBOHBRespiratory burst oxidase homolog protein B; Calcium-dependent NADPH oxidase that generates superoxide; Belongs to the RBOH (TC 5.B.1.3) family. (843 aa)
MYB30Transcription factor MYB30; Transcription factor that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-AACAAAC-3'. Acts as a positive regulator of hypersensitive cell death. Acts as a positive regulator of salicylic acid synthesis. Regulates very-long-chain fatty acid biosynthesis. Acts cooperatively with BZR2 to promote expression of a subset of brassinosteroids target genes. Transcriptional activity and hypersensitive response control negatively regulated by PLA2-ALPHA and by the Xanthomonas type III effector XopD (AC G9L9K6). Involved in the regulation of abscisic acid (ABA) signaling. Inc [...] (323 aa)
DSK2BUbiquitin domain-containing protein DSK2b; Binds and presumably selects ubiquitin-conjugates for destruction. Prefers multiubiquitin chains rather than single ubiquitins, with a binding affinity for 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitin chains. Acts as a ubiquitin receptor that associates with the 26S proteasomal docking subunit RPN10 for the indirect recognition of ubiquitinated substrates of ubiquitin/26S proteasome-mediated proteolysis (UPP). (551 aa)
ABI5Protein ABSCISIC ACID-INSENSITIVE 5; Participates in ABA-regulated gene expression during seed development and subsequent vegetative stage by acting as the major mediator of ABA repression of growth. Binds to the embryo specification element and the ABA-responsive element (ABRE) of the Dc3 gene promoter and to the ABRE of the Em1 and Em6 genes promoters. Can also trans- activate its own promoter, suggesting that it is autoregulated. Plays a role in sugar-mediated senescence. Belongs to the bZIP family. ABI5 subfamily. (442 aa)
JUB1Transcription factor JUNGBRUNNEN 1; Transcription factor that binds to the 5'- RRYGCCGT-3' consensus core sequence. Central longevity regulator. Negative regulator of leaf senescence. Modulates cellular H(2)O(2) levels and enhances tolerance to various abiotic stresses through the regulation of DREB2A. (275 aa)
WRKY46Probable WRKY transcription factor 46; Transcription factor involved in the regulation of osmotic stress responses and stomatal movement. Interacts specifically with the W box (5'-(T)TGAC[CT]-3'), a frequently occurring elicitor-responsive cis-acting element (By similarity). Positive regulator of EDS1-dependent defense against E.amylovora. Together with WRKY70 and WRKY53, promotes resistance to P.syringae, probably by enhancing salicylic acid (SA)- dependent genes. Contributes to the suppression of jasmonic acid (MeJA)-induced expression of PDF1.2. Together with WRKY54 and WRKY70, prom [...] (295 aa)
IBH1Transcription factor IBH1; Atypical and probable non DNA-binding bHLH transcription factor that acts as transcriptional repressor that negatively regulates cell and organ elongation in response to gibberellin (GA) and brassinosteroid (BR) signaling. Is able to form heterodimer with BHLH49, thus inhibiting DNA binding of BHLH49, which is a transcriptional activator that regulates the expression of a subset of genes involved in cell expansion by binding to the G-box motif. Binds and inhibits HBI1, a positive regulator of cell elongation that directly binds to the promoters and activated [...] (156 aa)
RGADELLA protein RGA; Probable transcriptional regulator that acts as a repressor of the gibberellin (GA) signaling pathway. Probably acts by participating in large multiprotein complexes that repress transcription of GA-inducible genes. Positively regulates XERICO expression in seeds. Upon GA application, it is degraded by the proteasome, allowing the GA signaling pathway. Compared to other DELLA proteins, it is the most sensitive to GA application. No effect of the BOI proteins on its stability. Its activity is probably regulated by other phytohormones such as auxin and ethylene, attenu [...] (587 aa)
PEPR1Leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein kinase PEPR1; Acts as a receptor for PEP defense peptides. Unlike typical immune receptors, senses an endogenous elicitor that potentiates pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-inducible plant responses. Involved in PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) signaling. Interacts with and phosphorylates the kinase BIK1, a central rate-limiting kinase in PTI signaling. (1123 aa)
KIB1F-box/kelch-repeat protein KIB1; Component of SCF(ASK-cullin-F-box) E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, which may mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Required for brassinosteroid (BR) signal transduction. Mediates ASK7/BIN2/SK21 inactivation both by competing with substrate binding (e.g. BZR1) and by promoting its ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation. (382 aa)
WRKY11Probable WRKY transcription factor 11; Transcription factor. Interacts specifically with the W box (5'-(T)TGAC[CT]-3'), a frequently occurring elicitor-responsive cis- acting element (By similarity). Regulates rhizobacterium B.cereus AR156-induced systemic resistance (ISR) to P.syringae pv. tomato DC3000, probably by activating the jasmonic acid (JA)- signaling pathway ; Belongs to the WRKY group II-d family. (325 aa)
HBI1Transcription factor HBI1; Atypical bHLH transcription factor that acts as positive regulator of cell elongation downstream of multiple external and endogenous signals by direct binding to the promoters and activation of the two expansin genes EXPA1 and EXPA8, encoding cell wall loosening enzymes. Transcriptional activity is inhibited when binding to the bHLH transcription factor IBH1. (337 aa)
ARF6Auxin response factor 6; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Seems to act as transcriptional activator. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. Regulates both stamen and gynoecium maturation. Promotes jasmonic acid production. Partially redundant with ARF8. (935 aa)
BRL1Serine/threonine-protein kinase BRI1-like 1; Receptor with a serine/threonine-protein kinase activity. Regulates, in response to brassinosteroid binding, a signaling cascade involved in plant development. Binds brassinolide. May be involved in cell growth and vascular differentiation. (1166 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Arabidopsis thaliana
NCBI taxonomy Id: 3702
Other names: A. thaliana, Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh., mouse-ear cress, thale cress, thale-cress
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