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CKX4 | Cytokinin dehydrogenase 4; Catalyzes the oxidation of cytokinins, a family of N(6)- substituted adenine derivatives that are plant hormones, where the substituent is an isopentenyl group; Belongs to the oxygen-dependent FAD-linked oxidoreductase family. (524 aa) | ||||
ACT7 | Actin-7; Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in various types of cell motility and are ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells. Essential component of cell cytoskeleton; plays an important role in cytoplasmic streaming, cell shape determination, cell division, organelle movement and extension growth. This is considered as one of the vegetative actins which is involved in the regulation of hormone-induced plant cell proliferation and callus formation. (377 aa) | ||||
UBQ14 | Polyubiquitin 14; Ubiquitin exists either covalently attached to another protein, or free (unanchored). When covalently bound, it is conjugated to target proteins via an isopeptide bond either as a monomer (monoubiquitin), a polymer linked via different Lys residues of the ubiquitin (polyubiquitin chains) or a linear polymer linked via the initiator Met of the ubiquitin (linear polyubiquitin chains). Polyubiquitin chains, when attached to a target protein, have different functions depending on the Lys residue of the ubiquitin that is linked: Lys-11-linked is involved in ERAD (endoplasm [...] (305 aa) | ||||
CLE10 | CLAVATA3/ESR (CLE)-related protein 10; Extracellular signal peptide that regulates cell fate. Represses root apical meristem maintenance. Belongs to the CLV3/ESR signal peptide family. (107 aa) | ||||
FAMA | Transcription factor FAMA; Transcription activator. Together with MYB88 and MYB124, ensures that stomata contain just two guard cells (GCs) by enforcing a single symmetric precursor cell division before stomatal maturity. Together with SPCH and MUTE, regulates the stomata formation. Required to promote differentiation and morphogenesis of stomatal guard cells and to halt proliferative divisions in their immediate precursors. Mediates the formation of stomata. Prevents histone H3K27me3 marks and derepresses stem cell gene expression. (414 aa) | ||||
BASL | Protein BREAKING OF ASYMMETRY IN THE STOMATAL LINEAGE; Regulates asymmetric cell division (ACD), especially in stomatal-lineage cells, probably by modulating accumulation and subcellular polarization of POLAR and SPCH. Mediates an attenuation of MAPK signaling upon polarization of POLAR and ASK7/BIN2 in stomatal lineage ground cells (SLGCs) undergoing ACD, and relieves BIN2 inhibition of SPCH in the nucleus. When phosphorylated, functions as a scaffold and recruits the MAPKKK YODA, MPK3 and MPK6 to spatially reorganize the MAPK signaling pathway at the cortex of cells undergoing ACD. C [...] (262 aa) | ||||
CKX5 | Cytokinin dehydrogenase 5; Catalyzes the oxidation of cytokinins, a family of N(6)- substituted adenine derivatives that are plant hormones, where the substituent is an isopentenyl group. (540 aa) | ||||
SPCH | Transcription factor SPEECHLESS; Transcription factor acting as an integration node for stomata and brassinosteroid (BR) signaling pathways to control stomatal initiation and development. Activates transcription when in the presence of SCRM/ICE1. Functions as a dimer with SCRM or SCRM2 during stomatal initiation. Required for the initiation, the spacing and the formation of stomata, by promoting the first asymmetric cell divisions. Together with FMA and MUTE, modulates the stomata formation. Involved in the regulation of growth reduction under osmotic stress (e.g. mannitol), associated [...] (364 aa) | ||||
CLE41 | CLAVATA3/ESR (CLE)-related protein 41; Extracellular signal peptide that regulates cell fate. May act with TDR as a ligand-receptor pair in a signal transduction pathway that represses tracheary element differentiation but promotes the formation of procambial cells adjacent to phloem cells in the veins in an auxin-dependent manner. (99 aa) | ||||
LOG7 | Cytokinin riboside 5'-monophosphate phosphoribohydrolase LOG7; Cytokinin-activating enzyme working in the direct activation pathway. Phosphoribohydrolase that converts inactive cytokinin nucleotides to the biologically active free-base forms. (217 aa) | ||||
BRXL2 | Protein Brevis radix-like 2. (374 aa) | ||||
UBQ10 | Polyubiquitin 10; Ubiquitin exists either covalently attached to another protein, or free (unanchored). When covalently bound, it is conjugated to target proteins via an isopeptide bond either as a monomer (monoubiquitin), a polymer linked via different Lys residues of the ubiquitin (polyubiquitin chains) or a linear polymer linked via the initiator Met of the ubiquitin (linear polyubiquitin chains). Polyubiquitin chains, when attached to a target protein, have different functions depending on the Lys residue of the ubiquitin that is linked: Lys-11-linked is involved in ERAD (endoplasm [...] (457 aa) | ||||
EPF2 | Protein EPIDERMAL PATTERNING FACTOR 2; Controls stomatal patterning. Regulates the number of cells that enter, and remain in, the stomatal lineage by inhibiting protodermal cells from adopting the meristemoid mother cell (MMC) fate in a non-cell-autonomous manner. Mediates stomatal development inhibition. MEPF2: mobile signal controlling stomatal development in a non-cell-autonomous manner. Uses ERECTA as major receptor. Inactivated by cleavage by CRSP (AC Q9LNU1). May act by competing with somatogen (AC Q9SV72) for the same receptor, TMM (AC Q9SSD1). (120 aa) | ||||
CLE25 | CLAVATA3/ESR (CLE)-related protein 25; Extracellular signal peptide that regulates cell fate. Represses root apical meristem maintenance. Belongs to the CLV3/ESR signal peptide family. (81 aa) | ||||
EPF1 | Protein EPIDERMAL PATTERNING FACTOR 1; Controls stomatal patterning. Regulates asymmetric cell division during guard cell differentiation. Mediates stomatal development inhibition. Not cleaved by the protease CRSP (AC Q9LNU1). MEPF1: mobile signal controlling stomatal development in a non-cell-autonomous manner. Uses ERL1 as major receptor. May act by competing with somatogen (AC Q9SV72) for the same receptor, TMM (AC Q9SSD1). Belongs to the plant cysteine rich small secretory peptide family. Epidermal patterning factor subfamily. (104 aa) | ||||
IPT7 | Adenylate isopentenyltransferase 7, mitochondrial; Involved in cytokinin biosynthesis. Catalyzes the transfer of an isopentenyl group from dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) to ATP and ADP. (329 aa) | ||||
ACT2 | Actin-2; Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in various types of cell motility and are ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells. Essential component of cell cytoskeleton; plays an important role in cytoplasmic streaming, cell shape determination, cell division, organelle movement and extension growth. This is considered as one of the vegetative actins. (377 aa) | ||||
AHK4 | Histidine kinase 4; Cytokinins (CK) receptor related to bacterial two-component regulators. Binds also the synthetic urea-type cytokinin thiadiazuron, a potent defoliant and herbicide. Functions as a histidine kinase and transmits the stress signal to a downstream MAPK cascade. This protein undergoes an ATP-dependent autophosphorylation at a conserved histidine residue in the kinase core, and a phosphoryl group is then transferred to a conserved aspartate residue in the receiver domain. In the presence of cytokinin, feeds phosphate to phosphorelay-integrating histidine phosphotransfer [...] (1080 aa) | ||||
AHK3 | Histidine kinase 3; Cytokinins (CK) receptor related to bacterial two-component regulators. Functions as a histidine kinase and transmits the stress signal to a downstream MAPK cascade. This protein undergoes an ATP- dependent autophosphorylation at a conserved histidine residue in the kinase core, and a phosphoryl group is then transferred to a conserved aspartate residue in the receiver domain. In the presence of cytokinin, feeds phosphate to phosphorelay-integrating histidine phosphotransfer protein (HPt) and activates subsequent cascade. Involved in meristems establishment in seedl [...] (1036 aa) | ||||
AHK2 | Histidine kinase 2; Cytokinins (CK) receptor related to bacterial two-component regulators. Functions as a histidine kinase and transmits the stress signal to a downstream MAPK cascade. This protein undergoes an ATP- dependent autophosphorylation at a conserved histidine residue in the kinase core, and a phosphoryl group is then transferred to a conserved aspartate residue in the receiver domain. In the presence of cytokinin, feeds phosphate to phosphorelay-integrating histidine phosphotransfer protein (HPt) and activates subsequent cascade. Involved in meristems establishment in seedl [...] (1176 aa) | ||||
ARR18 | Two-component response regulator ARR18; Transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-[AG]GATT-3'. Functions as a response regulator involved in His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Phosphorylation of the Asp residue in the receiver domain activates the ability of the protein to promote the transcription of target genes. Could directly activate some type-A response regulators in response to cytokinins (By similarity). (635 aa) | ||||
TDR | Leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein kinase TDR; Acts with CLE41p and CLE44p peptides as a ligand-receptor pair in a signal transduction pathway involved in the regulation of procambium maintenance and polarity during vascular-tissue development. Mediates repression of tracheary element differentiation and the promotion of procambial cells formation and polar division adjacent to phloem cells in the veins; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. (1041 aa) | ||||
ARR17 | Two-component response regulator ARR17; Functions as response regulator involved in His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Phosphorylation of the Asp residue in the receiver domain activates the ability of the protein to promote the transcription of target genes. Type-A response regulators seem to act as negative regulators of the cytokinin signaling (By similarity). (153 aa) | ||||
CLE9 | CLAVATA3/ESR (CLE)-related protein 9; Extracellular signal peptide that regulates cell fate. Represses root apical meristem maintenance. Belongs to the CLV3/ESR signal peptide family. (120 aa) | ||||
SCRM2 | Transcription factor SCREAM2; Mediates stomatal differentiation in the epidermis probably by controlling successive roles of SPCH, MUTE, and FAMA. Functions as a dimer with SPCH during stomatal initiation. (450 aa) | ||||
CKX3 | Cytokinin dehydrogenase 3; Catalyzes the oxidation of cytokinins, a family of N(6)- substituted adenine derivatives that are plant hormones, where the substituent is an isopentenyl group. (523 aa) | ||||
CKX6 | Cytokinin dehydrogenase 6; Catalyzes the oxidation of cytokinins, a family of N(6)- substituted adenine derivatives that are plant hormones, where the substituent is an isopentenyl group; Belongs to the oxygen-dependent FAD-linked oxidoreductase family. (533 aa) | ||||
MUTE | Transcription factor MUTE; Transcription factor. Together with FMA and SPCH, regulates the stomata formation. Required for the differentiation of stomatal guard cells, by promoting successive asymmetric cell divisions and the formation of guard mother cells. Promotes the conversion of the leaf epidermis into stomata. (202 aa) | ||||
ARR22 | Two-component response regulator ARR22; Functions as response regulator involved in His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Phosphorylation of the Asp residue in the receiver domain activates the ability of the protein to promote the transcription of target genes. Type-A response regulators seem to act as negative regulators of the cytokinin signaling (By similarity). (142 aa) | ||||
AHP6 | Pseudo histidine-containing phosphotransfer protein 6; Functions as two-component phosphorelay mediators between cytokinin sensor histidine kinases and response regulators (B-type ARRs). Plays an important role in propagating cytokinin signal transduction. (154 aa) | ||||
CLV1 | Receptor protein kinase CLAVATA1; Involved in the detection of CLV3 and CLV3-like (CLE) peptides, that act as extracellular signals regulating meristem maintenance. Acts with CLV3p as a ligand-receptor pair in a signal transduction pathway coordinating growth between adjacent meristematic regions and controlling the balance between meristem cell proliferation and differentiation; Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. (980 aa) | ||||
CLV3 | Protein CLAVATA 3; Extracellular signal that regulates meristem maintenance. Acts with CLV1 as a ligand-receptor pair in a signal transduction pathway coordinating growth between adjacent meristematic regions and controlling the balance between meristem cell proliferation and differentiation; Belongs to the CLV3/ESR signal peptide family. (96 aa) | ||||
RCI2A | Hydrophobic protein RCI2A; Belongs to the UPF0057 (PMP3) family. (54 aa) |