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WAT1 | Protein WALLS ARE THIN 1; Required for secondary wall formation in fibers, especially in short days conditions. Promotes indole metabolism and transport (e.g. tryptophan, neoglucobrassicin and auxin (indole-3-acetic acid)). May prevent salicylic-acid (SA) accumulation. Belongs to the drug/metabolite transporter (DMT) superfamily. Plant drug/metabolite exporter (P-DME) (TC 2.A.7.4) family. (389 aa) | ||||
ILR2 | IAA-leucine resistant 2; Regulates an ATP-dependent metal transporter (e.g. manganese transporter). Probably involved in the metabolism of auxin conjugates such as indole-3-acetic acid-leucine (IAA-Leu) and IAA-Phe. Required for root development. (386 aa) | ||||
UGT84B1 | UDP-glycosyltransferase 84B1; Possesses low quercetin 7-O-glucosyltransferase activity in vitro. (456 aa) | ||||
CKX1 | Cytokinin dehydrogenase 1; Catalyzes the oxidation of cytokinins, a family of N(6)- substituted adenine derivatives that are plant hormones, where the substituent is an isopentenyl group. (575 aa) | ||||
ABCB4 | ABC transporter B family member 4; Auxin influx transporter that mediates the transport of auxin in roots. Contributes to the basipetal transport in hypocotyls and root tips by establishing an auxin uptake sink in the root cap. Confers sensitivity to 1-N-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA). Regulates the root elongation, the initiation of lateral roots and the development of root hairs. Can transport IAA, indole-3-propionic acid, NPA syringic acid, vanillic acid and some auxin metabolites, but not 2,4-D and 1- naphthaleneacetic acid. (1286 aa) | ||||
CYP79B2 | Tryptophan N-monooxygenase 1; Converts tryptophan to indole-3-acetaldoxime, a precursor for tryptophan-derived glucosinolates and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Involved in the biosynthetic pathway to 4-hydroxyindole-3-carbonyl nitrile (4-OH-ICN), a cyanogenic metabolite required for inducible pathogen defense. Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (541 aa) | ||||
GH3.5 | Indole-3-acetic acid-amido synthetase GH3.5; Catalyzes the synthesis of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-amino acid conjugates, providing a mechanism for the plant to cope with the presence of excess auxin. Strongly reactive with Glu, Gln, Trp, Asp, Ala, Leu, Phe, Gly, Tyr, Met, Ile and Val. Little or no product formation with His, Ser, Thr, Arg, Lys, or Cys. Also active on pyruvic and butyric acid analogs of IAA, PAA and the synthetic auxin naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). The two chlorinated synthetic auxin herbicides 2,4-D and 3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid (dicamba) cannot be used as substrates [...] (612 aa) | ||||
APT1 | Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase 1, chloroplastic; Catalyzes a salvage reaction resulting in the formation of AMP, that is energically less costly than de novo synthesis. Contributes primarily to the recycling of adenine into adenylate nucleotides, but is also involved in the inactivation of cytokinins by phosphoribosylation. Catalyzes the conversion of cytokinins from free bases (active form) to the corresponding nucleotides (inactive form). Belongs to the purine/pyrimidine phosphoribosyltransferase family. (243 aa) | ||||
ERABP1 | Auxin-binding protein 1; Auxin receptor that controls cell elongation and cell division. Involved in embryonic morphogenesis. Acts on the cell cycle, endocycle, cell plate formation, and cell expansion and contributes to the control of auxin-related gene expression. Controls root meristem size and mediates auxin responsiveness. Involved in activation of ROP GTPases in response to auxin and regulation of clathrin-mediated endocytosis in roots. Acts as a positive factor in clathrin recruitment to the plasma membrane, thereby promoting endocytosis. Upon auxin binding, restricts the intern [...] (198 aa) | ||||
ILR1 | IAA-amino acid hydrolase ILR1; Hydrolyzes certain amino acid conjugates of the plant growth regulator indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), including IAA-Phe, IAA-Leu and IAA-Tyr. Can also use IAA-Ala, IAA-Gly, IAA-Met and IAA-Glu as substrates with low efficiency. No activity with IAA-Ile, IAA-1-O-beta-D-glucose or IAA-myo-inositol. Is the most efficient enzyme of the ILL family for IAA-Leu hydrolysis. Important for IAA-Leu and IAA-Phe hydrolysis in roots. May act with ILL2 to provide free IAA to germinating seedlings ; Belongs to the peptidase M20 family. (442 aa) | ||||
NPF6.3 | Protein NRT1/ PTR FAMILY 6.3; Dual affinity nitrate transporter. Involved in proton- dependent nitrate uptake and in the regulation of the nitrate transporter NRT2.1. Acts also as a nitrate sensor that trigger a specific signaling pathway stimulating lateral root growth and seed germination. The uptake activity is not required for sensor function. Displays an auxin transport facilitation inhibited by high nitrate concentration. Required to prevent auxin accumulation in preemerged lateral root primordia and young lateral roots when external nitrate concentration is low or null. May be i [...] (590 aa) | ||||
CYP79B3 | Tryptophan N-monooxygenase 2; Converts tryptophan to indole-3-acetaldoxime, a precursor for tryptophan derived glucosinolates and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (543 aa) | ||||
TIR1 | Protein TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1; Auxin receptor that mediates Aux/IAA proteins proteasomal degradation and auxin-regulated transcription. The SCF(TIR1) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex is involved in auxin-mediated signaling pathway that regulate root and hypocotyl growth, lateral root formation, cell elongation, and gravitropism. Appears to allow pericycle cells to overcome G2 arrest prior to lateral root development. Plays a role in ethylene signaling in roots. Confers sensitivity to the virulent bacterial pathogen P.syringae. (594 aa) | ||||
ENT1 | Equilibrative nucleotide transporter 1; Nucleoside transporter involved in adenosine transport and required for nucleotide metabolism which influences growth and pollen germination. Has high affinity for adenosine when expressed in a heterologous system (yeast); Belongs to the SLC29A/ENT transporter (TC 2.A.57) family. (450 aa) | ||||
IPT3 | Adenylate isopentenyltransferase 3, chloroplastic; Involved in cytokinin biosynthesis. Catalyzes the transfer of an isopentenyl group from dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) to ATP and ADP; Belongs to the IPP transferase family. (336 aa) | ||||
ENT6 | Equilibrative nucleotide transporter 6; Nucleoside transporter that can mediate uptake of adenosine, uridine, guanosine or cytidine when expressed in a heterologous system (yeast). (418 aa) | ||||
IPT7 | Adenylate isopentenyltransferase 7, mitochondrial; Involved in cytokinin biosynthesis. Catalyzes the transfer of an isopentenyl group from dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) to ATP and ADP. (329 aa) | ||||
IPT1 | Adenylate isopentenyltransferase 1, chloroplastic; Involved in cytokinin biosynthesis. Catalyzes the transfer of an isopentenyl group from dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) to ATP, ADP and AMP. Adenine, adenosine, isopentenylpyrophosphate and 1-hydroxy-2- methyl-2-(E)-butenyl 4-diphosphate (HMBDP) are not used as substrates. (357 aa) | ||||
AUX1 | Auxin transporter protein 1; Carrier protein involved in proton-driven auxin influx. Mediates the formation of auxin gradient from developing leaves (site of auxin biosynthesis) to tips by contributing to the loading of auxin in vascular tissues and facilitating acropetal (base to tip) auxin transport within inner tissues of the root apex, and basipetal (tip to base) auxin transport within outer tissues of the root apex. Unloads auxin from the mature phloem to deliver the hormone to the root meristem via the protophloem cell files. Coordinated subcellular localization of AUX1 is regula [...] (485 aa) | ||||
ABCG14 | ABC transporter G family member 14. (648 aa) | ||||
PILS2 | Protein PIN-LIKES 2; Involved in cellular auxin homeostasis by regulating auxin metabolism. Regulates intracellular auxin accumulation at the endoplasmic reticulum and thus auxin availability for nuclear auxin signaling. (457 aa) | ||||
CYP735A1 | Cytokinin hydroxylase; Cytokinin hydroxylase that catalyzes the biosynthesis of trans-zeatin via the isopentenyladenine riboside 5'-monophosphate (iPRMP)-dependent pathway. Can use isopentenyladenosine-5'- monophosphate, isopentenyladenosine-5'-diphosphate and isopentenyladenosine-5'-triphosphate as substrate. (518 aa) | ||||
PIN5 | Auxin efflux carrier component 5; Auxin transporter regulating intracellular auxin homeostasis and metabolism. Mediates the auxin transport from the cytosol into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. May also act as an auxin efflux carrier when located to the cell membrane. PIN5 and PIN8 may have an antagonistic/compensatory activity. Involved in unfolded protein response (UPR) activation. Involved in the control of vein patterning. Promotes vein formation. PIN5, PIN6, and PIN8 control vein network geometry, but they are expressed in mutually exclusive domains of leaf vascular cells. (351 aa) | ||||
ILR3 | Transcription factor ILR3; Transcription factor. Plays a role in resistance to amide- linked indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) conjugates such as IAA-Leu and IAA- Phe. May regulate gene expression in response to metal homeostasis changes. (234 aa) | ||||
UGT76C1 | UDP-glycosyltransferase 76C1; Involved in the N-glucosylation of cytokinins. Catalyzes the formation of both the 7-N and the 9-N-glucosides. (464 aa) | ||||
UGT76C2 | UDP-glycosyltransferase 76C2; Involved in the N-glucosylation of cytokinins. Catalyzes the formation of both the 7-N and the 9-N-glucosides. (450 aa) | ||||
AMI1 | Amidase 1; Amidase involved in auxin biosynthesis. Converts indole-3- acetamide to indole-3-acetate. Converts phenyl-2-acetamide (PAM) to phenyl-2-acetate. Substrate preference is PAM > IAM. Can also use L-asparagine, oleamide and 1-naphtalene-acetamide as substrates, but not indole-3- acetonitrile or indole-3-acetyl-L-aspartic acid. (425 aa) | ||||
CKX7 | Cytokinin dehydrogenase 7; Catalyzes the oxidation of cytokinins, a family of N(6)- substituted adenine derivatives that are plant hormones, where the substituent is an isopentenyl group. (524 aa) | ||||
CKX4 | Cytokinin dehydrogenase 4; Catalyzes the oxidation of cytokinins, a family of N(6)- substituted adenine derivatives that are plant hormones, where the substituent is an isopentenyl group; Belongs to the oxygen-dependent FAD-linked oxidoreductase family. (524 aa) | ||||
CKX2 | Cytokinin dehydrogenase 2; Catalyzes the oxidation of cytokinins, a family of N(6)- substituted adenine derivatives that are plant hormones, where the substituent is an isopentenyl group; Belongs to the oxygen-dependent FAD-linked oxidoreductase family. (501 aa) | ||||
PUP14 | Purine permease 14; Purine permease implicated in ATP-dependent cytokinin translocation that controls the spatiotemporal landscape of cytokinin signaling. Depletes ligands from the apoplast, which leads to a suppression of the cytokinin response. (393 aa) | ||||
PUP1 | Purine permease 1; Proton-coupled purine transporter mediating adenine and trans-zeatin uptake. High affinity transporter for pyridoxine involved in the uptake of vitamin B6. Also able to transport caffeine and adenosine. May be involved in the uptake of cytokinin, caffeine and nicotine from the xylem sap into shoot tissues. (356 aa) | ||||
FKBP42 | Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP42; PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides (By similarity). Modulates the uptake of MRP substrates into the vacuole; reduces metolachlor-GS (MOC-GS) and enhances 17-beta- estradiol 17-(beta-D-glucuronide) (E(2)17betaG) uptake. Regulates cell elongation and orientation. Functions as a positive regulator of PGP1- mediated auxin transport. Confers drug modulation of PGP1 efflux activity as interaction with NPA or flavonol quercetin prevents its physical an [...] (365 aa) | ||||
YUC4 | Probable indole-3-pyruvate monooxygenase YUCCA4; Involved in auxin biosynthesis. Both isoforms are catalitically active. Involved during embryogenesis and seedling development. Required for the formation of floral organs and vascular tissues. Belongs to the set of redundant YUCCA genes probably responsible for auxin biosynthesis in shoots. (411 aa) | ||||
PIN8 | Auxin efflux carrier component 8; Component of the intracellular auxin-transport pathway in the male gametophyte. Involved in the regulation of auxin homeostasis in pollen. Involved in the efflux of auxin from the endoplasmic reticulum into the cytoplasm. PIN5 and PIN8 may have an antagonistic/compensatory activity. Involved in the control of vein patterning. Redundantly with PIN6, inhibits the vein-formation- promoting functions of PIN5. PIN5, PIN6, and PIN8 control vein network geometry, but they are expressed in mutually exclusive domains of leaf vascular cells. (367 aa) | ||||
ABCB19 | ABC transporter B family member 19; Auxin efflux transporter that acts as a negative regulator of light signaling to promote hypocotyl elongation. Mediates the accumulation of chlorophyll and anthocyanin, as well as the expression of genes in response to light. Participates in auxin efflux and thus regulates the polar auxin basipetal transport (from auxin-producing leaves to auxin-sensitive tissues, and from root tips to root elongating zone). Involved in diverse auxin-mediated responses including gravitropism, phototropism and lateral root formation. (1252 aa) | ||||
SKP2A | F-box protein SKP2A; Component of SCF(SKP2A) E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, which mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (including cell cycle repressors). Acts as an auxin receptor. Regulates the stability of the transcription factors E2FC and DPB, repressors of cell proliferation. Confers increase tolerance to osmotic stress by promoting cell division, especially in meristems. Promotes the formation of lateral root primordia. (360 aa) | ||||
TAR1 | Tryptophan aminotransferase-related protein 1; Probably involved in auxin production. TAA1, TAR1 and TAR2 are required for proper embryo patterning. Belongs to the alliinase family. (388 aa) | ||||
PIN2 | Auxin efflux carrier component 2; Acts as a component of the auxin efflux carrier. Seems to be involved in the root-specific auxin transport, and mediates the root gravitropism. Its particular localization suggest a role in the translocation of auxin towards the elongation zone. (647 aa) | ||||
CKX6 | Cytokinin dehydrogenase 6; Catalyzes the oxidation of cytokinins, a family of N(6)- substituted adenine derivatives that are plant hormones, where the substituent is an isopentenyl group; Belongs to the oxygen-dependent FAD-linked oxidoreductase family. (533 aa) | ||||
TAA1 | L-tryptophan--pyruvate aminotransferase 1; L-tryptophan aminotransferase involved in auxin (IAA) biosynthesis. Can convert L-tryptophan and pyruvate to indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPA) and alanine. Catalyzes the first step in IPA branch of the auxin biosynthetic pathway. Required for auxin production to initiate multiple change in growth in response to environmental and developmental cues. It is also active with phenylalanine, tyrosine, leucine, alanine, methionine and glutamine. Both TAA1 and TAR2 are required for maintaining proper auxin levels in roots, while TAA1, TAR1 and TAR2 are requ [...] (391 aa) | ||||
IPT4 | Adenylate isopentenyltransferase 4; Involved in cytokinin biosynthesis. Catalyzes the transfer of an isopentenyl group from dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) to ATP and ADP, but not to AMP. Has no DMAPP:tRNA isopentenyltransferase activity. (318 aa) | ||||
PILS5 | Protein PIN-LIKES 5; Involved in cellular auxin homeostasis by regulating auxin metabolism. Regulates intracellular auxin accumulation at the endoplasmic reticulum and thus auxin availability for nuclear auxin signaling. (396 aa) | ||||
UGT74D1 | UDP-glycosyltransferase 74D1; Glucosyltransferase that glucosylates jasmonate (JA) and JA derivatives. Also active on indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 4-coumrate, cinnamate and caffeate. (456 aa) | ||||
PIN6 | Auxin efflux carrier component 6; Component of the intracellular auxin-transport pathway. Regulates auxin transport and auxin homeostasis. Directly involved in the regulation of nectar production. Involved in unfolded protein response (UPR) activation. Involved in the control of vein patterning. Redundantly with PIN8, inhibits the vein-formation-promoting functions of PIN5. PIN5, PIN6, and PIN8 control vein network geometry, but they are expressed in mutually exclusive domains of leaf vascular cells. Belongs to the auxin efflux carrier (TC 2.A.69.1) family. (570 aa) | ||||
DTX51 | Protein DETOXIFICATION 51; Functions as a multidrug and toxin extrusion transporter that negatively regulates plant disease resistance. Plays an important role in maintaining normal plant architecture, possibly by regulating local auxin biosynthesis. May act as a negative regulator of hypocotyl cell elongation in the light. (532 aa) | ||||
ABCB1 | ABC transporter B family member 1; Auxin efflux transporter that acts as a negative regulator of light signaling to promote hypocotyl elongation. Mediates the accumulation of chlorophyll and anthocyanin, as well as the expression of genes in response to light. Participates directly in auxin efflux and thus regulates the polar (presumably basipetal) auxin transport (from root tips to root elongating zone). Transports also some auxin metabolites such as oxindoleacetic acid and indoleacetaldehyde. Involved in diverse auxin-mediated responses including gravitropism, phototropism and latera [...] (1286 aa) | ||||
IPT2 | tRNA dimethylallyltransferase 2; Catalyzes the transfer of a dimethylallyl group onto the adenine at position 37 in tRNAs that read codons beginning with uridine, leading to the formation of N6-(dimethylallyl)adenosine (i(6)A). Involved in the cis-type cytokinin biosynthesis. (466 aa) | ||||
CYP735A2 | Cytokinin hydroxylase; Cytokinin hydroxylase that catalyzes the biosynthesis of trans-zeatin via the isopentenyladenine riboside 5'-monophosphate (iPRMP)-dependent pathway. Can use isopentenyladenosine-5'- monophosphate, isopentenyladenosine-5'-diphosphate and isopentenyladenosine-5'-triphosphate as substrate. (512 aa) |