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GPX5 GPX5 F1C9.19 F1C9.19 GLYR2 GLYR2 GPX2 GPX2 NTRC NTRC CYT1 CYT1 GPX3 GPX3 GPX6 GPX6 GULLO5 GULLO5 GULLO6 GULLO6 LGALDH LGALDH ACT1 ACT1 CAT2 CAT2 GPX1 GPX1 TL29 TL29 NTR1 NTR1 APX3 APX3 GULLO2 GULLO2 GPX4 GPX4 GPX8 GPX8 VTC2 VTC2 PPOX2 PPOX2 GCL2 GCL2 GME GME VTE1 VTE1 CAT1-2 CAT1-2 GULLO1 GULLO1 GSTU11 GSTU11 VTC5 VTC5 GULLO4 GULLO4 GULLO7 GULLO7 DHAR1 DHAR1 PRXQ PRXQ VTE3 VTE3 GULLO3 GULLO3 VTC4 VTC4 GSTU8 GSTU8 MDAR3 MDAR3 GLDH GLDH GPX7 GPX7 VTE4 VTE4 GSTU3 GSTU3
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splice isoforms or post-translational modifications are collapsed, i.e. each node represents all the proteins produced by a single, protein-coding gene locus.
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query proteins and first shell of interactors
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second shell of interactors
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proteins of unknown 3D structure
filled nodes:
a 3D structure is known or predicted
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from curated databases
experimentally determined
Predicted Interactions
gene neighborhood
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gene co-occurrence
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GPX5Probable glutathione peroxidase 5; May constitute a glutathione peroxidase-like protective system against oxidative stresses. (173 aa)
F1C9.19Transferase. (666 aa)
GLYR2Glyoxylate/succinic semialdehyde reductase 2, chloroplastic; Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of glyoxylate to glycolate as well as succinic semialdehyde (SSA) to gamma- hydroxybutyrate in vitro. May function in redox homeostasis and play a role in oxidative stress tolerance by detoxifying glyoxylate and SSA generated in glycolate metabolism and GABA metabolism, respectively. Belongs to the HIBADH-related family. NP60 subfamily. (358 aa)
GPX2Probable glutathione peroxidase 2; May constitute a glutathione peroxidase-like protective system against oxidative stresses; Belongs to the glutathione peroxidase family. (169 aa)
NTRCNADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase 3; Thioredoxin reductase (TR) that exhibits both TR and thioredoxin (Trx) activities. Contains a C-terminal functional Trx domain. Functions as an electron donor for plastidial 2-Cys peroxiredoxins and participates in a NADPH-dependent hydrogen peroxide scavenging system in chloroplasts in the dark. Required for chlorophyll biosynthesis and biogenesis of the photosynthetic apparatus. Activates aerobic cyclase which converts Mg-protoporhyrin monomethyl ester into protochlorophyllide. Involved in a light-dependent regulation of starch biosynthesis by [...] (529 aa)
CYT1Mannose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase 1; Catalyzes a reaction of the Smirnoff-Wheeler pathway, the major route to ascorbate biosynthesis in plants. Plays an essential role in plant growth and development and cell-wall architecture. Provides GDP-mannose, used for cell wall carbohydrate biosynthesis, protein N-glycosylation, as well as for the biosynthesis of the antioxidant ascorbate. (361 aa)
GPX3Probable glutathione peroxidase 3, mitochondrial; May constitute a glutathione peroxidase-like protective system against oxidative stresses. Involved positively in abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway that regulates numerous ABA responses, such as stomatal closure, seed germination and inhibition of vegetative growth. Oxidizes and represses target proteins (e.g. the phosphatase activity of ABI1 and ABI2) when oxidized by H(2)O(2), probably after ABA signaling. Modulates the calcium channel activity in guard cells in response to ABA or H(2)O(2). Confers tolerance to drought stress, by [...] (206 aa)
GPX6Probable phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase 6, mitochondrial; Protects cells and enzymes from oxidative damage, by catalyzing the reduction of hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxides and organic hydroperoxide, by glutathione. (232 aa)
GULLO5L-gulonolactone oxidase 5; Catalyzes the oxidation of L-gulono-1,4-lactone to ascorbic acid. L-gulono-1,4-lactone is oxidized to hydrogen peroxide and L-xylo-hexulonolactone which spontaneously isomerizes to L-ascorbate (By similarity); Belongs to the oxygen-dependent FAD-linked oxidoreductase family. (590 aa)
GULLO6Probable L-gulonolactone oxidase 6; May be involved in the biosynthesis of ascorbic acid. Belongs to the oxygen-dependent FAD-linked oxidoreductase family. (603 aa)
LGALDHL-galactose dehydrogenase; Catalyzes the oxidation of L-galactose to L-galactono-1,4- lactone in the presence of NAD(+). Uses NAD(+) as a hydrogen acceptor much more efficiently than NADP(+); Belongs to the aldo/keto reductase family. (319 aa)
ACT1Actin-1; Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in various types of cell motility and are ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells. Essential component of cell cytoskeleton; plays an important role in cytoplasmic streaming, cell shape determination, cell division, organelle movement and extension growth. This is considered as one of the reproductive actins. (377 aa)
CAT2Catalase-2; Occurs in almost all aerobically respiring organisms and serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide; Belongs to the catalase family. (492 aa)
GPX1Phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase 1, chloroplastic; Protects cells and enzymes from oxidative damage, by catalyzing the reduction of hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxides and organic hydroperoxide, by glutathione. (236 aa)
TL29Thylakoid lumenal 29 kDa protein, chloroplastic. (349 aa)
NTR1Thioredoxin reductase 1, mitochondrial; Possesses thioredoxin-disulfide reductase activity towards thioredoxins O1, O2 and F3. (375 aa)
APX3L-ascorbate peroxidase 3; Plays a key role in hydrogen peroxide removal. (287 aa)
GULLO2L-gulonolactone oxidase 2; Catalyzes the oxidation of L-gulono-1,4-lactone to ascorbic acid. L-gulono-1,4-lactone is oxidized to hydrogen peroxide and L-xylo-hexulonolactone which spontaneously isomerizes to L-ascorbate (By similarity). (591 aa)
GPX4Probable glutathione peroxidase 4; May constitute a glutathione peroxidase-like protective system against oxidative stresses; Belongs to the glutathione peroxidase family. (170 aa)
GPX8Probable glutathione peroxidase 8; May constitute a glutathione peroxidase-like protective system against oxidative stresses; Belongs to the glutathione peroxidase family. (167 aa)
VTC2GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase 1; Catalyzes a reaction of the Smirnoff-Wheeler pathway, the major route to ascorbate biosynthesis in plants. Acts as a phosphorylase rather than as a transferase. Uses preferentially GDP-L- galactose and GDP-D-glucose as substrates. Lower activity with GDP-L- fucose, very low activity with GDP-D-mannose, and no activity with UDP- D-glucose, UDP-D-galactose or ADP-D-glucose. Highly specific for inorganic phosphate as the guanylyl acceptor. (442 aa)
PPOX2Protoporphyrinogen oxidase 2, chloroplastic/mitochondrial; Catalyzes the 6-electron oxidation of protoporphyrinogen-IX to form protoporphyrin-IX. (508 aa)
GCL2LanC-like protein GCL2; May play a role in signaling. May be not involved in abscisic acid (ABA) signaling; Belongs to the LanC-like protein family. (405 aa)
GMEGDP-mannose 3,5-epimerase; Catalyzes a reversible epimerization of GDP-D-mannose that precedes the committed step in the biosynthesis of vitamin C (L- ascorbate), resulting in the hydrolysis of the highly energetic glycosyl-pyrophosphoryl linkage. Able to catalyze 2 distinct epimerization reactions and can release both GDP-L-galactose and GDP-L- gulose from GDP-mannose. (377 aa)
VTE1Tocopherol cyclase, chloroplastic; Involved in the synthesis of both tocopherols and tocotrienols (vitamin E), which presumably protect photosynthetic complexes from oxidative stress. Catalyzes the conversion of 2-methyl- 6-phytyl-1,4-hydroquinone and 2,3-dimethyl-5-phytyl-1,4-hydroquinone (DMPQ) to delta- and gamma-tocopherol respectively. Converts also 2,3- dimethyl-5-geranylgeranyl-1,4-hydroquinone (DMGQ) to gamma-tocotrienol. (488 aa)
CAT1-2Catalase-1; Occurs in almost all aerobically respiring organisms and serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide; Belongs to the catalase family. (492 aa)
GULLO1Probable L-gulonolactone oxidase 1; May be involved in the biosynthesis of ascorbic acid. Belongs to the oxygen-dependent FAD-linked oxidoreductase family. (595 aa)
GSTU11Glutathione S-transferase U11; May be involved in the conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles and have a detoxification role against certain herbicides; Belongs to the GST superfamily. Tau family. (234 aa)
VTC5GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase 2; Catalyzes a reaction of the Smirnoff-Wheeler pathway, the major route to ascorbate biosynthesis in plants. Acts as a phosphorylase rather than as a transferase. Uses preferentially GDP-L- galactose and GDP-D-glucose as substrates. Lower activity with GDP-L- fucose, very low activity with GDP-D-mannose, and no activity with UDP- D-glucose, UDP-D-galactose or ADP-D-glucose. Highly specific for inorganic phosphate as the guanylyl acceptor. (431 aa)
GULLO4Probable L-gulonolactone oxidase 4; May be involved in the biosynthesis of ascorbic acid. Belongs to the oxygen-dependent FAD-linked oxidoreductase family. (577 aa)
GULLO7Probable truncated L-gulonolactone oxidase 7, mitochondrial; May be involved in the biosynthesis of ascorbic acid. (252 aa)
DHAR1Glutathione S-transferase DHAR1, mitochondrial; Displays a dual function. As a soluble protein, exhibits glutathione-dependent thiol transferase and dehydroascorbate (DHA) reductase activities. Key component of the ascorbate recycling system. Involved in the redox homeostasis, especially in scavenging of ROS under oxidative stresses, subsequently to biotic or abiotic inducers. As a peripheral membrane protein, could also function as voltage-gated ion channel. Belongs to the GST superfamily. DHAR family. (213 aa)
PRXQPeroxiredoxin Q, chloroplastic; Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively. Plays a role in cell protection against oxidative stress by detoxifying peroxides. Involved in the photosystem II protection against hydrogen peroxide; Belongs to the peroxiredoxin family. BCP/PrxQ subfamily. (216 aa)
VTE32-methyl-6-phytyl-1,4-hydroquinone methyltransferase, chloroplastic; Involved in a key methylation step in both tocopherols (vitamin E) and plastoquinone synthesis. Catalyzes the conversion of 2- methyl-6-phytyl-1,4-hydroquinone (MPBQ) to 2,3-dimethyl-6-phytyl-1,4- hydroquinone (DMPQ, a substrate for tocopherol cyclase), and 2-methyl- 6-solanyl-1,4-benzoquinone (MSBQ) to plastoquinone. (338 aa)
GULLO3L-gulonolactone oxidase 3; Catalyzes the oxidation of L-gulono-1,4-lactone to ascorbic acid. L-gulono-1,4-lactone is oxidized to hydrogen peroxide and L-xylo-hexulonolactone which spontaneously isomerizes to L-ascorbate (By similarity). (585 aa)
VTC4Inositol-phosphate phosphatase; Phosphatase acting on L-galactose 1-phosphate (L-Gal 1-P), D- myoinositol 3-phosphate (D-Ins 3-P) and D-myoinositol 1-phosphate (D- Ins 1-P). Can also use beta-glycerophosphate (glycerol 2-P) and, to a lesser extent, D-galactose 1-phosphate (D-Gal 1-P), alpha-D-glucose 1- phosphate (a-D-Glc 1-P), D-manitol 1-phosphate and adenosine 2'- monophosphate as substrates. No activity with D-fructose 1-phosphate (D-Fru 1-P), fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (Fru 1,6-bisP), D-glucose 6- phosphate (D-Glc 6-P), D-alpha-glycerophosphate (glycerol 3-P), D- sorbitol 6-phospha [...] (271 aa)
GSTU8Glutathione S-transferase U8; May be involved in the conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles and have a detoxification role against certain herbicides. (224 aa)
MDAR3Monodehydroascorbate reductase 3; Catalyzes the conversion of monodehydroascorbate to ascorbate, oxidizing NADH in the process. Required for producing sufficient ascorbate to maintain the interaction between Piriformospora indica and Arabidopsis in a mutualistic state. (441 aa)
GLDHL-galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase, mitochondrial; Involved in the biosynthesis of ascorbic acid. Required for the accumulation of respiratory complex I. Uses L-galactono-1,4-lactone and L-gulono-1,4-lactone as substrates, but not D-galactono-1,4- lactone, D-gulono-1,4-lactone, L-mannono-1,4-lactone or D-galactonic acid. Also active with phenazine methosulfate and 1,4-benzoquinone as electron acceptors. (610 aa)
GPX7Putative glutathione peroxidase 7, chloroplastic; May constitute a glutathione peroxidase-like protective system against oxidative stresses. (233 aa)
VTE4Tocopherol O-methyltransferase, chloroplastic; Involved in the synthesis of tocopherol (vitamin E). Methylates gamma- and delta-tocopherol to form beta- and alpha- tocopherol, respectively. (348 aa)
GSTU3Glutathione S-transferase U3; May be involved in the conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles and have a detoxification role against certain herbicides. (225 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Arabidopsis thaliana
NCBI taxonomy Id: 3702
Other names: A. thaliana, Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh., mouse-ear cress, thale cress, thale-cress
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