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| | CYP90B1 | Cytochrome P450 90B1; Catalyzes the C22-alpha-hydroxylation step in brassinosteroids biosynthesis. Converts campestanol to 6- deoxocathasterone and 6-oxocampestanol to cathasterone. (513 aa) |
| | ABI4 | Ethylene-responsive transcription factor ABI4; Transcription regulator that probably binds to the GCC-box pathogenesis-related promoter element. Binds also to the S-box (5'- CACTTCCA-3') photosynthesis-associated nuclear genes-related (PhANGs- related) promoter element, and thus acts as a transcription inhibitor. Involved in the regulation of gene expression by stress factors and by components of stress signal transduction pathways. May have a function in the deetiolation process. Confers sensitivity to abscisic acid (ABA), and regulates the ABA signaling pathway during seed germinatio [...] (328 aa) |
| | B3H7M7_ARATH | Corepressor. (170 aa) |
| | ELF4 | Protein EARLY FLOWERING 4; Component of the central CCA1/LHY-TOC1 feedback loop in the circadian clock that promotes clock accuracy and is required for sustained rhythms in the absence of daily light/dark cycles. Part of a corepressor complex consisting of ELF4, ELF3, and LUX involved in the transcriptional regulation of APRR9. Increases ELF3 nuclear distribution and localization in nuclear bodies. Required for responsiveness to continuous red, by regulating phytochrome B (phyB) signaling (including during seedling de-etiolation) and gene expression. Mediates both entrainment to an env [...] (111 aa) |
| | GH3.3 | Indole-3-acetic acid-amido synthetase GH3.3; Catalyzes the synthesis of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-amino acid conjugates, providing a mechanism for the plant to cope with the presence of excess auxin. Strongly reactive with Glu, Gln, Trp, Asp, Ala, Leu, Phe, Gly, Tyr, Met, Ile and Val. Little or no product formation with His, Ser, Thr, Arg, Lys, or Cys. Also active on pyruvic and butyric acid analogs of IAA, PAA and the synthetic auxin naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). The two chlorinated synthetic auxin herbicides 2,4-D and 3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid (dicamba) cannot be used as substrates [...] (595 aa) |
| | HDA19 | Histone deacetylase 19; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes. HDA19 is involved in jasmonic acid and ethylene signaling of pathogen response. Part of a repressor complex including APETALA2 (AP2) and TOPLESS (TPL) that control the expression domains of numerous flora [...] (501 aa) |
| | BRI1 | Protein BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1; Receptor with a dual specificity kinase activity acting on both serine/threonine- and tyrosine-containing substrates. Regulates, in response to brassinosteroid binding, a signaling cascade involved in plant development, including expression of light- and stress-regulated genes, promotion of cell elongation, normal leaf and chloroplast senescence, and flowering. Binds brassinolide, and less effectively castasterone, but not 2,3,22,23-O-tetramethylbrassinolide or ecdysone. May be involved in a feedback regulation of brassinosteroid biosynthesis. Pho [...] (1196 aa) |
| | CDF4 | Cyclic dof factor 4; Transcription factor that binds specifically to a 5'-AA[AG]G- 3' consensus core sequence (By similarity). Transcriptional repressor of 'CONSTANS' expression (By similarity). Regulates a photoperiodic flowering response. (170 aa) |
| | H2B | Histone H2B.6; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. (150 aa) |
| | IAA19 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA19; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (197 aa) |
| | EIN3 | Protein ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 3; Probable transcription factor acting as a positive regulator in the ethylene response pathway. Is required for ethylene responsiveness in adult plant tissues. Binds a primary ethylene response element present in the ETHYLENE-RESPONSE-FACTOR1 promoter with consequence to activate the transcription of this gene. (628 aa) |
| | HY5 | Transcription factor HY5; Transcription factor that promotes photomorphogenesis in light. Acts downstream of the light receptor network and directly affects transcription of light-induced genes. Specifically involved in the blue light specific pathway, suggesting that it participates in transmission of cryptochromes (CRY1 and CRY2) signals to downstream responses. In darkness, its degradation prevents the activation of light-induced genes (Probable). Acts coordinately with SPL7 to regulate the microRNA miR408 and its target genes in response to changes in light and copper conditions. R [...] (168 aa) |
| | BZIP11 | bZIP transcription factor 11; Transcription factor that binds to the DNA sequence 5'- ACTCAT-3' in target gene promoters. Promotes POX1/PRODH1 expression in response to hypoosmolarity stress. Positively regulates the expression of ASN1 and POX2/PRODH2 genes, which are involved in amino acid metabolism. Regulates several metabolic pathways such as myo-inositol, raffinose and trehalose. Regulates several trehalose metabolism genes, including TRE1, TPP5 and TPP6. Mediates recruitment of the histone acetylation machinery to activate auxin-induced transcription. Interacts with ADA2B adapter [...] (159 aa) |
| | CYP83B1 | Cytochrome P450 83B1; Involved in the metabolism of aromatic oximes. Catalyzes the oxime metabolizing step in indole glucosinolate biosynthesis by converting indole-3-acetaldoxime into indole-3-S-alkyl-thiohydroximate. Probably required for glucosinolate activation in response to pathogens. Functions in auxin homeostasis because indole-3-acetaldoxime also serves as a precursor for auxin biosynthesis. Specifically metabolizes (E)-p-hydroxyphenylacetaldoxime into an S-alkyl- thiohydroximate. (499 aa) |
| | PIF3 | Transcription factor PIF3; Transcription factor acting positively in the phytochrome signaling pathway. Activates transcription by binding to the G box (5'- CACGTG-3'). (524 aa) |
| | XTH17 | Probable xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase protein 17; Catalyzes xyloglucan endohydrolysis (XEH) and/or endotransglycosylation (XET). Cleaves and religates xyloglucan polymers, an essential constituent of the primary cell wall, and thereby participates in cell wall construction of growing tissues. Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 16 family. XTH group 2 subfamily. (282 aa) |
| | CYP707A2 | Abscisic acid 8'-hydroxylase 2; Involved in the oxidative degradation of abscisic acid, but not in the isomerization of the produced 8'-hydroxyabscisic acid (8'- OH-ABA) to (-)-phaseic acid (PA). Involved in the control of seed dormancy and germination. (482 aa) |
| | ELF3 | Protein EARLY FLOWERING 3; May be a transcription factor part of a circadian clock input pathway. Acts within a 'zeitnehmer' feedback loop and is involved in its own circadian regulation. Has no role in regulating circadian clock function in the dark. Part of a corepressor complex consisting of ELF4, ELF3, and LUX involved in the transcriptional regulation of APRR9. The activity of the protein may be decreased in long day conditions due to its interaction with phytochrome B (phyB). Can regulate the initiation of flowering independently of phyB. Also involved in responses to nematode pa [...] (695 aa) |
| | CHS | Chalcone synthase; The primary product of this enzyme is 4,2',4',6'- tetrahydroxychalcone (also termed naringenin-chalcone or chalcone) which can under specific conditions spontaneously isomerize into naringenin. (395 aa) |
| | TGA2 | Transcription factor TGA2; Transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGACG-3'. Recognizes ocs elements like the as-1 motif of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. Binding to the as-1-like cis elements mediate auxin- and salicylic acid-inducible transcription. Required to induce the systemic acquired resistance (SAR) via the regulation of pathogenesis-related genes expression. Binding to the as- 1 element of PR-1 promoter is salicylic acid-inducible and mediated by NPR1. Could also bind to the C-boxes (5'-ATGACGTCAT-3') with high affinity. (330 aa) |
| | IAA1 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA1; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (168 aa) |
| | DFRA | Dihydroflavonol 4-reductase; Bifunctional enzyme involved in flavonoid metabolism. (382 aa) |
| | CCA1 | Protein CCA1; Transcription factor involved in the circadian clock and in the phytochrome regulation. Binds to the promoter regions of APRR1/TOC1 and TCP21/CHE to repress their transcription. Binds to the promoter regions of CAB2A and CAB2B to promote their transcription. Represses both LHY and itself. (608 aa) |
| | NPR1 | Regulatory protein NPR1; May act as a substrate-specific adapter of an E3 ubiquitin- protein ligase complex (CUL3-RBX1-BTB) which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Key positive regulator of the SA-dependent signaling pathway that negatively regulates JA-dependent signaling pathway. Mediates the binding of TGA factors to the as-1 motif found in the pathogenesis-related PR-1 gene, leading to the transcriptional regulation of the gene defense. Controls the onset of systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Upon SAR induction, [...] (593 aa) |
| | DREB1B | Dehydration-responsive element-binding protein 1B; Transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-[AG]CCGAC-3'. Binding to the C-repeat/DRE element mediates cold-inducible transcription. CBF/DREB1 factors play a key role in freezing tolerance and cold acclimation; Belongs to the AP2/ERF transcription factor family. ERF subfamily. (213 aa) |
| | ABI3 | B3 domain-containing transcription factor ABI3; Participates in abscisic acid-regulated gene expression during seed development. Regulates the transcription of SGR1 and SGR2 that are involved in leaf and embryo degreening. (720 aa) |
| | MYB96 | Transcription factor MYB96; Transcription activator involved in the activation of cuticular wax biosynthesis under drought stress. Binds directly to DNA consensus sequences found in the promoters of genes encoding very-long- chain fatty acid-condensing enzymes involved in cuticular wax biosynthesis. Functions together with MYB94 in the activation of cuticular wax biosynthesis. Involved in drought stress response through abscisic acid (ABA) signaling. Mediates ABA signals that enhance plant resistance to drought by reducing stomatal opening. Mediates ABA-auxin cross-talk to regulate lat [...] (352 aa) |
| | IAA3 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA3; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Plays a central role in auxin regulation of root growth, in gravitropism, and in lateral root formation. Regulated by an auxin-induced protein turnover. Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response gene [...] (189 aa) |
| | IAA10 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA10; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (261 aa) |
| | IAA12 | Auxin-responsive protein IAA12; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (239 aa) |
| | MPK3 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3; Involved in oxidative stress-mediated signaling cascade (such as ozone). Involved in the innate immune MAP kinase signaling cascade (MEKK1, MKK4/MKK5 and MPK3/MPK6) downstream of bacterial flagellin receptor FLS2. May be involved in hypersensitive response (HR)-mediated signaling cascade by modulating LIP5 phosphorylation and subsequent multivesicular bodies (MVBs) trafficking. May phosphorylate regulators of WRKY transcription factors. Mediates the phosphorylation of VIP1 and subsequent stress genes transcription in response to Agrobacterium. MKK9-M [...] (370 aa) |
| | MRG2 | Protein MRG2; Chromatin remodeling factor. Acts as a 'reader' protein by binding to H3K4me3 and H3K36me3 to control histone H4 acetylation. Increases the transcriptional levels of the flowering time genes FLC and FT. Binds the chromatin at the FT promoter upon interaction with CO. (327 aa) |
| | HDT2 | Histone deacetylase HDT2; Probably mediates the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events; Belongs to the histone deacetylase HD2 family. (306 aa) |
| | TIR1 | Protein TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1; Auxin receptor that mediates Aux/IAA proteins proteasomal degradation and auxin-regulated transcription. The SCF(TIR1) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex is involved in auxin-mediated signaling pathway that regulate root and hypocotyl growth, lateral root formation, cell elongation, and gravitropism. Appears to allow pericycle cells to overcome G2 arrest prior to lateral root development. Plays a role in ethylene signaling in roots. Confers sensitivity to the virulent bacterial pathogen P.syringae. (594 aa) |
| | BHLH72 | Transcription factor PIF7; Transcription factor acting negatively in the phytochrome B signaling pathway under prolonged red light. Regulates PHYB abundance at the post-transcriptional level, possibly via the ubiquitin- proteasome pathway. May regulate the expression of a subset of genes by binding to the G-box motif. (366 aa) |
| | ELF6 | Probable lysine-specific demethylase ELF6; Acts probably as a histone 'Lys-4' (H3K4me) demethylase. Involved in transcriptional gene regulation. Acts as a repressor of the photoperiodic flowering pathway and of FT. Binds around the transcription start site of the FT locus. (1340 aa) |
| | APRR5 | Two-component response regulator-like APRR5; Transcriptional repressor of CCA1 and LHY, thereby controlling photoperiodic flowering response. Involved in the positive and negative feedback loops of the circadian clock. With RVE8, forms a negative feedback loop of the circadian clock. Expression of several members of the ARR-like family is controlled by circadian rhythm. Proteolytic substrate of the E3 ubiquitin ligase SCF(ADO1) complex. APRR9, APRR7, and APRR5 coordinately act on the upstream region of the target genes to repress their expression from noon until midnight. The particula [...] (558 aa) |
| | TAF1B | Transcription initiation factor TFIID subunit 1b; TAFs are components of the transcription factor IID (TFIID) complex that is essential for mediating regulation of RNA polymerase transcription. Core scaffold of the TFIID complex. Acts as a histone acetyltransferase involved in the light regulation of growth and gene expression. Required for H3K9, H3K27, and H4K12 acetylation on the target promoters. (1786 aa) |
| | LHY | Protein LHY; Transcription factor involved in the circadian clock. Binds to the promoter region of APRR1/TOC1 and TCP21/CHE to repress their transcription. Represses both CCA1 and itself. (645 aa) |
| | WOX11 | WUSCHEL-related homeobox 11; Transcription factor which may be involved in developmental processes. (268 aa) |
| | WRKY38 | Probable WRKY transcription factor 38; Transcription factor. Interacts specifically with the W box (5'-(T)TGAC[CT]-3'), a frequently occurring elicitor-responsive cis- acting element (By similarity). (289 aa) |
| | HDA15 | Histone deacetylase 15; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes (By similarity). (552 aa) |
| | HDA9 | Histone deacetylase 9; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes (By similarity); Belongs to the histone deacetylase family. HD type 1 subfamily. (426 aa) |
| | WOX5 | WUSCHEL-related homeobox 5; Transcription factor, which may be involved in the specification and maintenance of the stem cells (QC cells) in the root apical meristem (RAM). (182 aa) |
| | HDA18 | Histone deacetylase 18; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Required for appropriate cellular patterning in the root epidermis. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes (By similarity). (682 aa) |
| | TAF1 | Transcription initiation factor TFIID subunit 1; TAFs are components of the transcription factor IID (TFIID) complex that is essential for mediating regulation of RNA polymerase transcription. Core scaffold of the TFIID complex (By similarity). Belongs to the TAF1 family. (1919 aa) |
| | HDA5 | Histone deacetylase 5; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes (By similarity). (660 aa) |
| | BZR1 | Protein BRASSINAZOLE-RESISTANT 1; Transcriptional repressor that binds to the brassinosteroid (BR) response element (BRRE) 5'-CGTG(T/C)G-3' in gene promoter. Regulates positively the brassinosteroid-signaling pathway. Mediates downstream growth responses and negative feedback regulation of brassinosteroid biosynthesis. Promotes growth. Modulates ovule initiation and development by monitoring the expression of genes related to ovule development (e.g. HLL, ANT, and AP2). (336 aa) |
| | ATG8E | Autophagy-related protein 8e; Ubiquitin-like modifier involved in autophagosomes formation. May mediate the delivery of the autophagosomes to the vacuole via the microtubule cytoskeleton. (122 aa) |
| | LDL1 | Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1 homolog 1; Probable histone demethylase that reduces the levels of histone H3 'Lys-4' methylation in chromatin of the floral repressor FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) and the sporophytically silenced floral repressor FWA. Seems to act in partial redundancy with FLOWERING LOCUS D (FLD) to repress FLC expression. Required for cytosine methylation of FWA. Controls primary seed dormancy by regulating DOG1 and abscisic acid signaling-related genes. In association with OTU6/OTLD1, involved in transcriptional gene repression via histone deubiquitination and demet [...] (844 aa) |
| | PIF4 | Transcription factor PIF4; Transcription factor acting negatively in the phytochrome B signaling pathway. May regulate the expression of a subset of genes involved in cell expansion by binding to the G-box motif (By similarity). Activated by CRY1 and CRY2 in response to low blue light (LBL) by direct binding at chromatin on E-box variant 5'-CA[CT]GTG-3' to stimulate specific gene expression to adapt global physiology (e.g. hypocotyl elongation in low blue light). Belongs to the bHLH protein family. (430 aa) |
| | HAG3 | Elongator complex protein 3; Catalytic tRNA acetyltransferase subunit of the RNA polymerase II elongator complex, which is a component of the RNA polymerase II (Pol II) holoenzyme and is involved in transcriptional elongation. Involved in tRNA wobble uridine modification. In the elongator complex, acts as a tRNA uridine(34) acetyltransferase by mediating formation of carboxymethyluridine in the wobble base at position 34 in tRNAs (By similarity). Promotes organs development by modulating cell division rate. Required for auxin distribution or signaling. Required for meristem cell cycle [...] (565 aa) |
| | HDA14 | Histone deacetylase 14; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes (By similarity). (423 aa) |
| | HDA2 | Histone deacetylase 2; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes (By similarity). (387 aa) |
| | CYP707A1 | Abscisic acid 8'-hydroxylase 1; Involved in the oxidative degradation of abscisic acid. Plays an important role in determining abscisic acid levels in dry seeds and in the control of postgermination growth; Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. (467 aa) |
| | TPL | Protein TOPLESS; Transcriptional corepressor. May repress the expression of root-promoting genes in the top half of the embryo to allow proper differentiation of the shoot pole during the transition stage of embryogenesis. Regulates the expression of PLT1 and PLT2. Negative regulator of jasmonate responses. Negative regulator of auxin responses. Negative regulator of multiple floral organ identity genes. Required for ovule development. (1131 aa) |
| | SRT2 | NAD-dependent protein deacylase SRT2; NAD-dependent protein deacylase. Catalyzes the NAD-dependent hydrolysis of acyl groups from lysine residues (By similarity). Negatively regulates plant basal defense against plant pathogens, possibly by suppressing salicylic acid biosynthesis. Belongs to the sirtuin family. Class II subfamily. (373 aa) |
| | GPT2 | Glucose-6-phosphate/phosphate translocator 2, chloroplastic; Glucose 6-phosphate (Glc6P) transporter. Transports also inorganic phosphate, 3-phosphoglycerate, triose phosphates and, to a leser extent, phosphoenolpyruvate. Responsible for the transport of Glc6P into plastids of heterotrophic tissues where it can be used as a carbon source for starch biosynthesis, as substrate for fatty acid biosynthesis or as substrate for NADPH generation via the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (OPPP). Required for dynamic acclimation of photosynthesis; Belongs to the TPT transporter family. GPT (T [...] (388 aa) |
| | HDA8 | Histone deacetylase 8; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes (By similarity). (377 aa) |
| | ARF2 | Auxin response factor 2; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Could act as transcriptional activator or repressor. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. Promotes flowering, stamen development, floral organ abscission and fruit dehiscence. Functions independently of ethylene and cytokinin response pathways. May act as a repressor of cell division and organ growth. (859 aa) |
| | AUX1 | Auxin transporter protein 1; Carrier protein involved in proton-driven auxin influx. Mediates the formation of auxin gradient from developing leaves (site of auxin biosynthesis) to tips by contributing to the loading of auxin in vascular tissues and facilitating acropetal (base to tip) auxin transport within inner tissues of the root apex, and basipetal (tip to base) auxin transport within outer tissues of the root apex. Unloads auxin from the mature phloem to deliver the hormone to the root meristem via the protophloem cell files. Coordinated subcellular localization of AUX1 is regula [...] (485 aa) |
| | HAG1 | Histone acetyltransferase GCN5; Acetylates histone H3 and ADA2 proteins in vitro. Acetylates 'Lys-14' of histone H3. Acetylation of histones gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcription activation. Operates in concert with certain DNA-binding transcriptional activators. Acts via the formation of large multiprotein complexes that modify the chromatin (By similarity). Belongs to the acetyltransferase family. GCN5 subfamily. (568 aa) |
| | ADA2B | Transcriptional adapter ADA2b; Required for the function of some acidic activation domains, which activate transcription from a distant site. The exact mechanism of action is not yet known (By similarity). ADA2 stimulates the acetyltransferase activity of GCN5 on free histones or nucleosomes, probably by opening up the promoter region. Mediates auxin and cytokinin signals in the control of cell proliferation and might be involved in repression of a freezing tolerance pathway at warm temperature. Involved in the positive regulation of salt-induced gene expression by maintaining locus-sp [...] (487 aa) |
| | WRKY18 | WRKY transcription factor 18; Transcription factor. Interacts specifically with the W box (5'-(T)TGAC[CT]-3'), a frequently occurring elicitor-responsive cis- acting element. Positively modulates defense-related gene expression and disease resistance; Belongs to the WRKY group II-a family. (310 aa) |
| | HAC1-2 | Histone acetyltransferase HAC1; Acetyltransferase enzyme. Acetylates histones, giving a specific tag for transcriptional activation. (1697 aa) |
| | HUB2 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase BRE1-like 2; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that monoubiquitinates H2B to form H2BK143ub1. H2BK143ub1 gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation and is also prerequisite for H3K4me and maybe H3K79me. It thereby plays a central role in histone code and gene regulation. Forms a ubiquitin ligase complex in cooperation with the E2 enzyme UBC2/RAD6; Belongs to the BRE1 family. (900 aa) |
| | SRT1 | NAD-dependent protein deacetylase SRT1; NAD-dependent protein deacetylase. Has deacetylase activity towards H3K9Ac. May have a function in the safeguard against genome instabiliy and DNA damage to ensure plant cell growth (By similarity). Belongs to the sirtuin family. Class IV subfamily. (473 aa) |
| | HFR1 | Transcription factor HFR1; Atypical bHLH transcription factor that regulates photomorphogenesis through modulation of phytochrome (e.g. PHYA) and cryptochrome signalings (Ref.4,. Suppresses the transcriptional regulation activity of PIF4 by forming non-DNA-binding heterodimer. (292 aa) |
| | HDA7 | Histone deacetylase 7; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. May be involved in flowering induction. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes (By similarity); Belongs to the histone deacetylase family. HD type 1 subfamily. (409 aa) |
| | HAG2 | Histone acetyltransferase type B catalytic subunit; Acetylates soluble but not nucleosomal H4 (By similarity). Acetylates 'Lys-12' of histone H4. (467 aa) |
| | PRE1 | Transcription factor PRE1; Atypical and probable non DNA-binding bHLH transcription factor that integrates multiple signaling pathways to regulate cell elongation and plant development. Binds IBH1, forming a pair of antagonistic bHLH transcription factors that function downstream of BZR1 to mediate brassinosteroid regulation of cell elongation. Regulates light responses by binding and inhibiting the activity of the bHLH transcription factor HFR1, a critical regulator of light signaling and shade avoidance. May have a regulatory role in various aspects of gibberellin-dependent growth an [...] (92 aa) |
| | HAM1 | Histone acetyltransferase of the MYST family 1; Histone acetyltransferase which may be involved in transcriptional activation. Acetylates 'Lys-5' of histone H4 (H4K5ac). Essential for gametophyte development. Involved in DNA repair after UV-B exposure. Negative regulator of flowering controlling the H4K5ac levels in the FLC chromatin. (445 aa) |
| | HDA6 | Histone deacetylase 6; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Might remove acetyl residues only from specific targets, such as rDNA repeats or complex transgenes. Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes. Required for rRNA gene silencing in nucleolar dominance. Plays a role in transgene silencing, but this e [...] (471 aa) |
| | HOS15 | WD40 repeat-containing protein HOS15; Acts as repressor of cold stress-regulated gene expression. Interacts specifically with and promotes deacetylation of histone H4. Plays a role in gene regulation for plant acclimation and tolerance to cold stress. (613 aa) |
| | NIMIN-1 | Protein NIM1-INTERACTING 1; Belongs to the NPR1-interactor family. (142 aa) |
| | HDT1 | Histone deacetylase HDT1; Probably mediates the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Required for histone H3 'Lys-9' deacetylation. Involved in rRNA gene silencing in nucleolar dominance. Seems to be implicated in the regulation of genes involved in seeds development; Belongs to the histone deacetylase HD2 family. (245 aa) |
| | MYB54 | Transcription factor MYB54; Transcription factor that regulates secondary cell wall (SCW) biosynthesis, especially in interfascicular and xylary fibers. (243 aa) |
| | HAC2 | Histone acetyltransferase HAC2; Acetyltransferase enzyme. Acetylates histones, giving a specific tag for transcriptional activation (By similarity). No acetyltransferase activity found in vitro. (1367 aa) |
| | HAC5 | Histone acetyltransferase HAC5; Acetyltransferase enzyme. Acetylates histones, giving a specific tag for transcriptional activation. (1670 aa) |
| | TOZ | Transducin family protein / WD-40 repeat family protein. (876 aa) |
| | HAC4 | Histone acetyltransferase HAC4; Acetyltransferase enzyme. Acetylates histones, giving a specific tag for transcriptional activation. (1470 aa) |
| | LDL2 | Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1 homolog 2; Probable histone demethylase that reduces the levels of histone H3 'Lys-4' methylation in chromatin of the floral repressor FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) and the sporophytically silenced floral repressor FWA. Seems to act in partial redundancy with FLOWERING LOCUS D (FLD) to repress FLC expression. Required for cytosine methylation of FWA. Controls primary seed dormancy by regulating DOG1 and abscisic acid signaling-related genes. Belongs to the flavin monoamine oxidase family. (746 aa) |
| | APRR1 | Two-component response regulator-like APRR1; Controls photoperiodic flowering response. Component of the circadian clock. Expression of several members of the ARR-like family is controlled by circadian rhythm. The particular coordinated sequential expression of APRR9, APRR7, APRR5, APRR3 and APPR1 result to circadian waves that may be at the basis of the endogenous circadian clock. Positive regulator of CCA1 and LHY expression. (618 aa) |
| | BZR2 | Protein BRASSINAZOLE-RESISTANT 2; Positive regulator of brassinosteroid (BR) signaling. Transcription factor that activates target gene expression by binding specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-CANNTG-3'(E box) through its N- terminal domain. Can bind individually to the promoter as a homodimer or synergistically as a heterodimer with BIM1, BIM2 or BIM3. The C- terminal domain is probably involved in transcriptional activation. Recruits the transcription elongation factor IWS1 to control BR- regulated gene expression. Forms a trimeric complex with IWS1 and ASHH2/SDG8 to regulate BR-reg [...] (335 aa) |
| | HAM2 | Histone acetyltransferase of the MYST family 2; Histone acetyltransferase which may be involved in transcriptional activation. Acetylates 'Lys-5' of histone H4 (H4K5ac). Essential for gametophyte development. Negative regulator of flowering controlling the H4K5ac levels in the FLC chromatin. Belongs to the MYST (SAS/MOZ) family. (445 aa) |
| | HDA17 | Histone deacetylase 17; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes (By similarity). (158 aa) |
| | HDT3 | Histone deacetylase HDT3; Probably mediates the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Involved in the modulation of abscisic acid and stress-responsive genes. (294 aa) |
| | WRKY62 | Probable WRKY transcription factor 62; Transcription factor. Interacts specifically with the W box (5'-(T)TGAC[CT]-3'), a frequently occurring elicitor-responsive cis- acting element (By similarity); Belongs to the WRKY group III family. (263 aa) |
| | HDA10 | Putative histone deacetylase 10; Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes (By similarity). (142 aa) |
| | HDT4 | Histone deacetylase HDT4; Probably mediates the deacetylation of lysine residues lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. (203 aa) |
| | ABF2 | ABSCISIC ACID-INSENSITIVE 5-like protein 5; Involved in ABA and stress responses and acts as a positive component of glucose signal transduction. Functions as transcriptional activator in the ABA-inducible expression of rd29B. Binds specifically to the ABA-responsive element (ABRE) of the rd29B gene promoter. (416 aa) |
| | EIN2 | Ethylene-insensitive protein 2; Central factor in signaling pathways regulated by ethylene (ET), and involved in various processes including development, plant defense, senescence, nucleotide sugar flux, and tropisms. Necessary for ethylene-mediated gene regulation, and for the induction of some genes by ozone. Acts downstream of ET receptors, and upstream of ethylene regulated transcription factors. Required for cytokinin-mediated processes. Seems to be implicated in cross-talk between ET, jasmonate and other pathways. Probably not involved in iron uptake. Has a short half-life and un [...] (1294 aa) |
| | NAC031 | Protein CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON 3; Transcription activator. Involved in molecular mechanisms regulating shoot apical meristem (SAM) formation during embryogenesis and organ separation. Required for axillary meristem initiation and separation of the meristem from the main stem. May act as an inhibitor of cell division. (334 aa) |
| | ABI5 | Protein ABSCISIC ACID-INSENSITIVE 5; Participates in ABA-regulated gene expression during seed development and subsequent vegetative stage by acting as the major mediator of ABA repression of growth. Binds to the embryo specification element and the ABA-responsive element (ABRE) of the Dc3 gene promoter and to the ABRE of the Em1 and Em6 genes promoters. Can also trans- activate its own promoter, suggesting that it is autoregulated. Plays a role in sugar-mediated senescence. Belongs to the bZIP family. ABI5 subfamily. (442 aa) |
| | EIL1 | ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 3-like 1 protein; Probable transcription factor acting as a positive regulator in the ethylene response pathway. Could bind the primary ethylene response element present in the ETHYLENE-RESPONSE-FACTOR1 promoter. Belongs to the EIN3 family. (584 aa) |
| | LUX | Transcription factor LUX; Transcription factor that is essential for the generation of the circadian clock oscillation. Is necessary for activation of CCA1 and LHY expression. Is coregulated with TOC1 and seems to be repressed by CCA1 and LHY by direct binding of these proteins to the evening element in the LUX promoter. Directly regulates the expression of PRR9, a major component of the morning transcriptional feedback circuit, by binding specific sites on PRR9 promoter. Binds to its own promoter, inducing a negative auto-regulatory feedback loop within the core clock. Binds to ELF3 a [...] (323 aa) |
| | GI | Protein GIGANTEA; Involved in regulation of circadian rhythm and photoperiodic flowering. May play a role in maintenance of circadian amplitude and period length. Is involved in phytochrome B signaling. Stabilizes ADO3 and the circadian photoreceptor ADO1/ZTL. Regulates 'CONSTANS' (CO) in the long-day flowering pathway by modulating the ADO3-dependent protein stability of CDF1 and CDF2, but is not essential to activate CO transcription. Regulates, via the microRNA miR172, a CO-independent pathway that promotes photoperiodic flowering by inducing 'FLOWERING LOCUS T'. (1173 aa) |
| | AFPH2 | AFP homolog 2; Acts as a transcriptional repressor. Negative regulator of jasmonate responses. Connects the JAZ proteins and the non-JAZ protein TIFY8 with the TOPLESS corepressors; Belongs to the Ninja family. (425 aa) |
| | YUC8 | Probable indole-3-pyruvate monooxygenase YUCCA8; Involved in auxin biosynthesis. Belongs to the set of redundant YUCCA genes probably responsible for auxin biosynthesis in roots. (426 aa) |
| | ARF9 | Auxin response factor 9; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Could act as transcriptional activator or repressor. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (638 aa) |
