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CHC2 CHC2 CHC1 CHC1 IAA11 IAA11 BRM BRM BZIP68 BZIP68 NAC102 NAC102 VGT1 VGT1 IAA26 IAA26 ABA4 ABA4 WAV2 WAV2 ARF19 ARF19 PYL6 PYL6 CCD8 CCD8 PYL1 PYL1 CSN6A CSN6A NFYA3 NFYA3 AUX1 AUX1 ABA3 ABA3 NCED5 NCED5 ELD1 ELD1 BZIP8 BZIP8 ZEP ZEP PYL8 PYL8 PYL12 PYL12 PYL5 PYL5 POT4 POT4 SWEET2 SWEET2 CDC73 CDC73 ASIL2 ASIL2 WAK5 WAK5 WAK3 WAK3 BZIP4 BZIP4 NCED6 NCED6 NCED3 NCED3 BZIP49 BZIP49 WAKL17 WAKL17 HAT HAT ABF4 ABF4 ABF3 ABF3 ABF1 ABF1 NCED9 NCED9 APC11 APC11 PKL PKL BGAL1 BGAL1 ABH1 ABH1 WRKY59 WRKY59 SPR1 SPR1 UGE5 UGE5 MYB26 MYB26 PYL3 PYL3 SINAT4 SINAT4 SECA1 SECA1 WAKL6 WAKL6 BZIP63 BZIP63 HSP90-4 HSP90-4 ERF071 ERF071 AHB2 AHB2 CAR8 CAR8 NCED2 NCED2 CCD4 CCD4 RMA1 RMA1 PYL2 PYL2 CHIB1 CHIB1 GBF1 GBF1 AP2 AP2 IAA2 IAA2
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CHC2Clathrin heavy chain 2; Clathrin is the major protein of the polyhedral coat of coated pits and vesicles (By similarity). Mediates endocytosis and is required for a correct polar distribution of PIN auxin transporters. (1703 aa)
CHC1Clathrin heavy chain 1; Clathrin is the major protein of the polyhedral coat of coated pits and vesicles (By similarity). Mediates endocytosis and is required for a correct polar distribution of PIN auxin transporters. Belongs to the clathrin heavy chain family. (1705 aa)
IAA11Auxin-responsive protein IAA11; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (246 aa)
BRMATP-dependent helicase BRM; ATPase subunit of a multiprotein complex equivalent of the SWI/SNF complex that acts by remodeling the chromatin by catalyzing an ATP-dependent alteration in the structure of nucleosomal DNA. Represses embryonic genes in leaves and controls shoot development and flowering. Activates flower homeotic genes. The association of BRM with its target genes requires REF6. Necessary to acquire heat stress (HS) memory, by globally binding to HS memory genes. (2193 aa)
BZIP68bZIP transcription factor 68; Transcriptional activator that binds to the G-box motif (5'- CACGTG-3') and other cis-acting elements with 5'-ACGT-3' core, such as Hex, C-box and as-1 motifs. Possesses high binding affinity to G-box, much lower affinity to Hex and C-box, and little affinity to as-1 element. G-box and G-box-like motifs are cis-acting elements defined in promoters of certain plant genes which are regulated by such diverse stimuli as light-induction or hormone control (Probable). Binds to the G-box motif 5'-CACGTG-3' of LHCB2.4 (At3g27690) promoter. May act as transcription [...] (389 aa)
NAC102NAC domain-containing protein 102; May be involved in regulation of seed germination under flooding. (312 aa)
VGT1D-xylose-proton symporter-like 1. (503 aa)
IAA26Auxin-responsive protein IAA26; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (269 aa)
ABA4Protein ABA DEFICIENT 4, chloroplastic; Required for neoxanthin biosynthesis, an intermediary step in abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis. Probably not involved directly in the enzymatic conversion of violaxanthin to neoxanthin. Cannot convert violaxanthin to neoxanthin in vitro. Required for ABA biosynthesis in response to drought stress. Required for neoxanthin biosynthesis which is involved in photoprotection of photosystem II (PSII). Neoxanthin acts as an antioxidant within the photosystem PSII supercomplex. (220 aa)
WAV2Alpha/beta hydrolase domain-containing protein WAV2; Involved in the regulation of root growth. Involved in the suppression of the root bending in response to touch stimuli, gravity and light. Regulates negatively stimulus-induced root bending through inhibition of root tip rotation; Belongs to the serine esterase family. (308 aa)
ARF19Auxin response factor 19; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Could act as transcriptional activator or repressor. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. Involved in ethylene responses. Regulates lateral root formation through direct regulation of LBD16 and/or LBD29. Functionally redundant with ARF7. (1086 aa)
PYL6Abscisic acid receptor PYL6; Receptor for abscisic acid (ABA) required for ABA-mediated responses such as stomatal closure and germination inhibition. Inhibits the activity of group-A protein phosphatases type 2C (PP2Cs) in an ABA- independent manner but more efficiently when activated by ABA. Can be activated by both (-)-ABA and (+)-ABA. May link ABA and jasmonate signaling pathways by modifying MYC2 transcriptional activity, and regulation of JAZ6 and JAZ8 gene expression by MYC2. (215 aa)
CCD8Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 8, chloroplastic; Involved in strigolactones biosynthesis by cleaving the C(27) 9-cis-10'-apo-beta-carotenal produced by CCD7. Produces the C(19) carlactone and a C(8) hydroxyaldehyde. Also shows lower activity with all-trans-10'-apo-beta-carotenal producing a C(9) dialdehyde and the C(18) 13-apo-beta-carotenone. Strigolactones are hormones that inhibit tillering and shoot branching through the MAX-dependent pathway, contribute to the regulation of shoot architectural response to phosphate-limiting conditions and function as rhizosphere signal that stimu [...] (570 aa)
PYL1Abscisic acid receptor PYL1; Receptor for abscisic acid (ABA) required for ABA-mediated responses such as stomatal closure and germination inhibition. Inhibits the activity of group-A protein phosphatases type 2C (PP2Cs) when activated by ABA. Can be activated by both (-)-ABA and (+)-ABA. (221 aa)
CSN6ACOP9 signalosome complex subunit 6a; Component of the COP9 signalosome complex (CSN), a complex involved in various cellular and developmental processes such as photomorphogenesis and auxin and jasmonate responses. The CSN complex is an essential regulator of the ubiquitin (Ubl) conjugation pathway by mediating the deneddylation of the cullin subunits of SCF-type E3 ligase complexes, leading to decrease the Ubl ligase activity of SCF. It is involved in repression of photomorphogenesis in darkness by regulating the activity of COP1-containing Ubl ligase complexes. The complex is also re [...] (317 aa)
NFYA3Nuclear transcription factor Y subunit A-3; Stimulates the transcription of various genes by recognizing and binding to a CCAAT motif in promoters. (340 aa)
AUX1Auxin transporter protein 1; Carrier protein involved in proton-driven auxin influx. Mediates the formation of auxin gradient from developing leaves (site of auxin biosynthesis) to tips by contributing to the loading of auxin in vascular tissues and facilitating acropetal (base to tip) auxin transport within inner tissues of the root apex, and basipetal (tip to base) auxin transport within outer tissues of the root apex. Unloads auxin from the mature phloem to deliver the hormone to the root meristem via the protophloem cell files. Coordinated subcellular localization of AUX1 is regula [...] (485 aa)
ABA3Molybdenum cofactor sulfurase; Sulfurates the molybdenum cofactor. Sulfation of molybdenum is essential for xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) and aldehyde oxidase (ADO) enzymes in which molybdenum cofactor is liganded by 1 oxygen and 1 sulfur atom in active form. Modulates cold stress- and osmotic stress-responsive gene expression by acting as key regulator of abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis. Belongs to the class-V pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. MOCOS subfamily. (819 aa)
NCED5Probable 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase NCED5, chloroplastic; Has a 11,12(11',12') 9-cis epoxycarotenoid cleavage activity. Catalyzes the first step of abscisic-acid biosynthesis from carotenoids (By similarity); Belongs to the carotenoid oxygenase family. (589 aa)
ELD1Glycosyltransferase-like KOBITO 1; Involved in the coordination between cell elongation and cellulose synthesis by promoting the expression of genes involved in cell elongation and cellulose synthesis. Acts as a regulator of plasmodesmatal permeability. Mediates abscisic acid (ABA) and sugar responses essential for growth (e.g. seed germination, stomatal regulation and ABA-regulated gene expression). Required for normal organogenesis by promoting cell elongation, regulating cell differentiation in vascular tissues and maintaining root meristem identity. Regulates crystalline cellulose [...] (533 aa)
BZIP8Basic leucine zipper 8; Belongs to the bZIP family. (138 aa)
ZEPZeaxanthin epoxidase, chloroplastic; Zeaxanthin epoxidase that plays an important role in the xanthophyll cycle and abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis. Converts zeaxanthin into antheraxanthin and subsequently violaxanthin. Required for resistance to osmotic and drought stresses, ABA-dependent stomatal closure, seed development and dormancy, modulation of defense gene expression and disease resistance and non-photochemical quencing (NPQ). Through its role in ABA biosynthesis, regulates the expression of stress-responsive genes such as RD29A during osmotic stress and is required for normal [...] (667 aa)
PYL8Abscisic acid receptor PYL8; Receptor for abscisic acid (ABA) required for ABA-mediated responses such as stomatal closure and germination inhibition. Inhibits the activity of group-A protein phosphatases type 2C (PP2Cs) in an ABA- independent manner but more efficiently when activated by ABA. Confers enhanced sensitivity to ABA. Can be activated by both (-)-ABA and (+)-ABA. Mediates crosstalk between ABA and auxin signaling to regulate lateral root growth. Required for lateral root growth suppression by ABA. In response to auxin, promotes lateral root growth by enhancing MYB77- depend [...] (188 aa)
PYL12Abscisic acid receptor PYL12; Receptor for abscisic acid (ABA) required for ABA-mediated responses such as stomatal closure and germination inhibition. Inhibits the activity of group-A protein phosphatases type 2C (PP2Cs) when activated by ABA. (159 aa)
PYL5Abscisic acid receptor PYL5; Receptor for abscisic acid (ABA) required for ABA-mediated responses such as stomatal closure and germination inhibition. Inhibits the activity of group-A protein phosphatases type 2C (PP2Cs) in an ABA- independent manner but more efficiently when activated by ABA. Confers enhanced sensitivity to ABA. Can be activated by both (-)-ABA and (+)-ABA. (203 aa)
POT4Potassium transporter 4; High-affinity potassium transporter. Belongs to the HAK/KUP transporter (TC 2.A.72.3) family. (789 aa)
SWEET2Bidirectional sugar transporter SWEET2; Mediates both low-affinity uptake and efflux of sugar across the plasma membrane; Belongs to the SWEET sugar transporter family. (236 aa)
CDC73Protein CDC73 homolog; Component of the PAF1 complex (PAF1C) which is involved in histone modifications such as methylation on histone H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me3). Involved in regulation of flowering time. Required for the expression of the flowering repressors FLC and MADS- box genes of the MAF family. Required for histone H3 trimethylation on 'Lys-4' (H3K4me3) at the FLC locus. Prevents trimethylation on 'Lys-27' (H3K27me3) at the same locus. (415 aa)
ASIL2Trihelix transcription factor ASIL2; Transcription regulator that may repress the maturation program during early embryogenesis. (443 aa)
WAK5Wall-associated receptor kinase 5; Serine/threonine-protein kinase that may function as a signaling receptor of extracellular matrix component. Binding to pectin may have significance in the control of cell expansion, morphogenesis and development. (733 aa)
WAK3Wall-associated receptor kinase 3; Serine/threonine-protein kinase that may function as a signaling receptor of extracellular matrix component. Binding to pectin may have significance in the control of cell expansion, morphogenesis and development. (741 aa)
BZIP4Basic leucine zipper 4; Probable transcription factor involved in somatic embryogenesis. Acts as positive regulator of BHLH109. (148 aa)
NCED69-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase NCED6, chloroplastic; Has a 11,12(11',12') 9-cis epoxycarotenoid cleavage activity. Catalyzes the first step of abscisic-acid biosynthesis from carotenoids. Contributes probably to abscisic acid synthesis for the induction of seed dormancy. (577 aa)
NCED39-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase NCED3, chloroplastic; Has a 11,12(11',12') 9-cis epoxycarotenoid cleavage activity. Catalyzes the first step of abscisic-acid biosynthesis from carotenoids, in response to water stress. (599 aa)
BZIP49bZIP transcription factor 49; Transcriptional activator involved in stress responses. (620 aa)
WAKL17Wall-associated receptor kinase-like 17; Serine/threonine-protein kinase that may function as a signaling receptor of extracellular matrix component. (786 aa)
HATZinc finger BED domain-containing protein DAYSLEEPER; Transposase-like protein that is essential for plant growth and development. Binds the promoter region of the DNA helicase KU70 and genes involved in chromatin remodeling. May regulate global gene expression by recruiting other cellular factors. (696 aa)
ABF4ABSCISIC ACID-INSENSITIVE 5-like protein 7; Functions as transcriptional activator in the ABA-inducible expression of rd29B. Binds specifically to the ABA-responsive element (ABRE) of the rd29B gene promoter. (431 aa)
ABF3ABSCISIC ACID-INSENSITIVE 5-like protein 6; Binds to the ABA-responsive element (ABRE). Mediates stress- responsive ABA signaling; Belongs to the bZIP family. ABI5 subfamily. (454 aa)
ABF1ABSCISIC ACID-INSENSITIVE 5-like protein 4; Binds to the ABA-responsive element (ABRE). Could participate in abscisic acid-regulated gene expression; Belongs to the bZIP family. ABI5 subfamily. (392 aa)
NCED99-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase NCED9, chloroplastic; Has a 11,12(11',12') 9-cis epoxycarotenoid cleavage activity. Catalyzes the first step of abscisic-acid biosynthesis from carotenoids. Contributes probably to abscisic acid synthesis for the induction of seed dormancy. (657 aa)
APC11Anaphase-promoting complex subunit 11; Component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The APC/C complex controls several key steps in the cell cycle by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins such as cyclins. The APC/C complex is required for the female gametophyte development and is involved in several aspect of development by controlling cell division and cell elongation. Involved in the control of endo [...] (84 aa)
PKLCHD3-type chromatin-remodeling factor PICKLE; Chromatin remodeling factor that represses the expression of embryonic trait genes (such as NFYB9/LEC1) upon and after seed germination and thus enables the developmental switch to post- germinative growth. Silences some MADS-box proteins such as PHE1 and PHE2. Plays a role during carpel differentiation. Regulates late processes in cytokinin signaling. (1384 aa)
BGAL1Beta-galactosidase 1. (847 aa)
ABH1Nuclear cap-binding protein subunit 1; Component of the cap-binding complex (CBC), which binds cotranscriptionally to the 5'-cap of pre-mRNAs and is involved in various processes such as pre-mRNA splicing and RNA-mediated gene silencing (RNAi) by microRNAs (miRNAs). The CBC complex is involved in miRNA-mediated RNA interference and is required for primary miRNA processing. In the CBC complex, ABH1/CBP80 does not bind directly capped RNAs (m7GpppG-capped RNA) but is required to stabilize the movement of the N-terminal loop of CBP20 and lock the CBC into a high affinity cap-binding state [...] (848 aa)
WRKY59Probable WRKY transcription factor 59; Transcription factor. Interacts specifically with the W box (5'-(T)TGAC[CT]-3'), a frequently occurring elicitor-responsive cis- acting element (By similarity); Belongs to the WRKY group II-c family. (202 aa)
SPR1Protein SPIRAL1; Required for directional control of cell elongation. Stabilizes growing ends of cortical microtubules and influences their dynamic properties. Acts redundantly with SP1Ls in maintaining the cortical microtubules organization essential for anisotropic cell growth. Plays a key role in salt stress-induced microtubules disassembly. (119 aa)
UGE5UDP-glucose 4-epimerase 5; Catalyzes the interconversion between UDP-glucose and UDP- galactose. (351 aa)
MYB26Transcription factor MYB26; Probable transcription factor that regulates lignified secondary cell wall thickening of the anther endocethium, which is necessary for anther dehiscence. May play a role in specifying early endothecial cell development by regulating a number of genes linked to secondary thickening such as NST1 and NST2. Acts upstream of the lignin biosynthesis pathway. (367 aa)
PYL3Abscisic acid receptor PYL3; Receptor for abscisic acid (ABA) required for ABA-mediated responses such as stomatal closure and germination inhibition. Inhibits the activity of group-A protein phosphatases type 2C (PP2Cs) when activated by ABA. Can be activated by both (-)-ABA and (+)-ABA. (209 aa)
SINAT4E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase SINAT4; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. E3 ubiquitin ligases accept ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates. It probably triggers the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of different substrates. (327 aa)
SECA1Protein translocase subunit SECA1, chloroplastic; Has a central role in coupling the hydrolysis of ATP to the transfer of proteins across the thylakoid membrane. Involved in photosynthetic acclimation and required for chloroplast biogenesis. Belongs to the SecA family. (1022 aa)
WAKL6Wall-associated receptor kinase-like 6; Serine/threonine-protein kinase that may function as a signaling receptor of extracellular matrix component. (642 aa)
BZIP63Basic leucine zipper 63; Transcription factor involved in controlling responses to starvation. BZIP2-BZIP63-KIN10 complex binds to the ETFQO promoter to up-regulate its transcription. (314 aa)
HSP90-4Heat shock protein 90-4; Molecular chaperone which stabilizes unfolding protein intermediates and functions as a folding molecular chaperone that assists the non-covalent folding of proteins in an ATP-dependent manner; Belongs to the heat shock protein 90 family. (699 aa)
ERF071Ethylene-responsive transcription factor ERF071; Probably acts as a transcriptional activator. Binds to the GCC-box pathogenesis-related promoter element. May be involved in the regulation of gene expression by stress factors and by components of stress signal transduction pathways (By similarity); Belongs to the AP2/ERF transcription factor family. ERF subfamily. (171 aa)
AHB2Non-symbiotic hemoglobin 2; May not function as an oxygen storage or transport protein, but might act as an oxygen sensor or play a role in electron transfer, possibly to a bound oxygen molecule. Has a low affinity for O(2); Belongs to the plant globin family. (158 aa)
CAR8Protein C2-DOMAIN ABA-RELATED 8; Stimulates the GTPase/ATPase activities of Obg-like ATPases (By similarity). Mediates the transient calcium-dependent interaction of PYR/PYL/RCAR abscisic acid (ABA) receptors with the plasma membrane and thus regulates ABA sensitivity (By similarity). (165 aa)
NCED29-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase NCED2, chloroplastic; Has a 11,12(11',12') 9-cis epoxycarotenoid cleavage activity. Catalyzes the first step of abscisic-acid biosynthesis from carotenoids; Belongs to the carotenoid oxygenase family. (583 aa)
CCD4Probable carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 4, chloroplastic; May be involved in carotenoid cleavage; Belongs to the carotenoid oxygenase family. (595 aa)
RMA1E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RMA1; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that promotes the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of aquaporin PIP2-1. Forms a ubiquitin ligase complex in cooperation with the E2 enzymes UCB8/UCB10. (249 aa)
PYL2Abscisic acid receptor PYL2; Receptor for abscisic acid (ABA) required for ABA-mediated responses such as stomatal closure and germination inhibition. Inhibits the activity of group-A protein phosphatases type 2C (PP2Cs) when activated by ABA. Can be activated by both (-)-ABA and (+)-ABA. (190 aa)
CHIB1Acidic endochitinase; This protein functions as a defense against chitin containing fungal pathogens; Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 18 family. Chitinase class III subfamily. (302 aa)
GBF1G-box-binding factor 1; Binds to the G-box motif (5'-CCACGTGG-3') of the rbcS-1A gene promoter. G-box and G-box-like motifs are cis-acting elements defined in promoters of certain plant genes which are regulated by such diverse stimuli as light-induction or hormone control. Binds to the G-box motif 5'-CACGTG-3' of LHCB2.4 (At3g27690) promoter. May act as transcriptional activator in light-regulated expression of LHCB2.4. Probably binds DNA as monomer. DNA-binding activity is redox-dependent. Belongs to the bZIP family. (315 aa)
AP2Floral homeotic protein APETALA 2; Probable transcriptional activator that promotes early floral meristem identity. Is required subsequently for the transition of an inflorescence meristem into a floral meristem. Plays a central role in the specification of floral identity, particularly for the normal development of sepals and petals in the wild-type flower, by spatially controlling the expression domains of multiple floral organ identity genes. Acts as A class cadastral protein by repressing the C class floral homeotic gene AGAMOUS in association with other repressors like LEUNIG and [...] (432 aa)
IAA2Auxin-responsive protein IAA2; Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin- responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. (174 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Arabidopsis thaliana
NCBI taxonomy Id: 3702
Other names: A. thaliana, Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh., mouse-ear cress, thale cress, thale-cress
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