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MYB3R3 MYB3R3 HTR12 HTR12 BRCA1 BRCA1 SPCH SPCH NAC104 NAC104 ARR12 ARR12 CLF CLF RAD51 RAD51 FAMA FAMA KIN4A KIN4A CYCD6-1 CYCD6-1 TCX5 TCX5 MRF4 MRF4 MUTE MUTE CYCD7-1 CYCD7-1 ERF115 ERF115 T24H18.80 T24H18.80 TSO1 TSO1 SCRM SCRM F10A5.19 F10A5.19 SCRM2 SCRM2 RBR1 RBR1 OCT4 OCT4 E2FD E2FD MGH3 MGH3 T6J4.12 T6J4.12 HDG6 HDG6 E2FB E2FB E2FC E2FC KU80 KU80 KU70 KU70 E2FA E2FA GL3 GL3 HTR11 HTR11 BRG1 BRG1 MYB3R4 MYB3R4 VRN2 VRN2 ARF19 ARF19 AGL16 AGL16 MSI1 MSI1 TIF3C1 TIF3C1 FIS2 FIS2 CDKA-1 CDKA-1 CDKB1-1 CDKB1-1 TOP1A TOP1A DMT1 DMT1 CYCD1-1 CYCD1-1 CYCD2-1 CYCD2-1 AP2 AP2 HTR4 HTR4 HTR2 HTR2
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proteins of unknown 3D structure
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MYB3R3Transcription factor MYB3R-3; Transcription factor that binds 5'-AACGG-3' motifs in gene promoters (By similarity). Transcription repressor that regulates organ growth. Binds to the promoters of G2/M-specific genes and to E2F target genes to prevent their expression in post-mitotic cells and to restrict the time window of their expression in proliferating cells. (505 aa)
HTR12Histone H3-like centromeric protein HTR12; Histone H3-like variant which exclusively replaces conventional H3 in the nucleosome core of centromeric chromatin at the inner plate of the kinetochore. Required for recruitment and assembly of kinetochore proteins, mitotic progression and chromosome segregation. May serve as an epigenetic mark that propagates centromere identity through replication and cell division (By similarity). (178 aa)
BRCA1Protein BREAST CANCER SUSCEPTIBILITY 1 homolog; Plays a role in DNA repair and in cell-cycle control. Required for the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), both natural and induced by genotoxic stress, by homologous recombination (HR). (941 aa)
SPCHTranscription factor SPEECHLESS; Transcription factor acting as an integration node for stomata and brassinosteroid (BR) signaling pathways to control stomatal initiation and development. Activates transcription when in the presence of SCRM/ICE1. Functions as a dimer with SCRM or SCRM2 during stomatal initiation. Required for the initiation, the spacing and the formation of stomata, by promoting the first asymmetric cell divisions. Together with FMA and MUTE, modulates the stomata formation. Involved in the regulation of growth reduction under osmotic stress (e.g. mannitol), associated [...] (364 aa)
NAC104NAC domain-containing protein 104; Probable transcription factor that influences tracheary elements and xylem development by negatively regulating secondary cell wall fiber synthesis and programmed cell death. (187 aa)
ARR12Two-component response regulator ARR12; Transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-[AG]GATT-3'. Functions as a response regulator involved in His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Phosphorylation of the Asp residue in the receiver domain activates the ability of the protein to promote the transcription of target genes. Could directly activate some type-A response regulators in response to cytokinins. Involved in the root-meristem size determination through the regulation of cell differentiation. Involved in activating SHY2 during meristem gro [...] (596 aa)
CLFHistone-lysine N-methyltransferase CLF; Polycomb group (PcG) protein. Catalytic subunit of some PcG multiprotein complex, which methylates 'Lys-27' of histone H3, leading to transcriptional repression of the affected target genes. Required to regulate floral development by repressing the AGAMOUS homeotic gene in leaves, inflorescence stems and flowers. Together with ATX1, modulates AG nucleosome methylation statement. Regulates the antero-posterior organization of the endosperm, as well as the division and elongation rates of leaf cells. PcG proteins act by forming multiprotein complex [...] (902 aa)
RAD51DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 1; Binds to single and double-stranded DNA and exhibits DNA- dependent ATPase activity. Unwinds duplex DNA (By similarity). Component of the meiotic recombination pathway. Seems to play a role in mediating chromosome homology search, chromosome pairing and synapsis at early stages and probably chromosome crossing-over at later stages in meiosis. Probably is involved in the repair of meiotic double strand breaks (DBSs) generated by AtSPO11-1 and in homologous recombination. Its function is dispensable for vegetative growth and root mitosis. (342 aa)
FAMATranscription factor FAMA; Transcription activator. Together with MYB88 and MYB124, ensures that stomata contain just two guard cells (GCs) by enforcing a single symmetric precursor cell division before stomatal maturity. Together with SPCH and MUTE, regulates the stomata formation. Required to promote differentiation and morphogenesis of stomatal guard cells and to halt proliferative divisions in their immediate precursors. Mediates the formation of stomata. Prevents histone H3K27me3 marks and derepresses stem cell gene expression. (414 aa)
KIN4AKinesin-like protein KIN-4A; Kinesin-like motor protein involved in the control of the oriented deposition of cellulose microfibrils. Its motor activity is directed toward the microtubule's plus end. It possesses the potential to drive long-distance transport of cargo along cortical microtubules. Regulates cell wall mechanics during cell elongation, by the regulation of primary and secondary walls deposition (Ref.6,. Contributes to cortical microtubule-mediated trafficking of cell wall components. (1035 aa)
CYCD6-1Putative cyclin-D6-1; Belongs to the cyclin family. Cyclin D subfamily. (302 aa)
TCX5Protein tesmin/TSO1-like CXC 5; Plays a role in development of both male and female reproductive tissues; Belongs to the lin-54 family. (603 aa)
MRF4MA3 DOMAIN-CONTAINING TRANSLATION REGULATORY FACTOR 4; Involved in target of rapamycin (TOR)-regulated translation control, especially under energy-deficient conditions. Belongs to the PDCD4 family. (633 aa)
MUTETranscription factor MUTE; Transcription factor. Together with FMA and SPCH, regulates the stomata formation. Required for the differentiation of stomatal guard cells, by promoting successive asymmetric cell divisions and the formation of guard mother cells. Promotes the conversion of the leaf epidermis into stomata. (202 aa)
CYCD7-1Putative cyclin-D7-1; Belongs to the cyclin family. Cyclin D subfamily. (341 aa)
ERF115Ethylene-responsive transcription factor ERF115; Acts as a transcriptional activator of the phytosulfokine PSK5 peptide hormone. Binds to the GCC-box pathogenesis-related promoter element. Rate-limiting factor of quiescent center cell division active when surrounding stem cells are damaged. Is a proteolytic target of APC/C-FZR1 complex. (263 aa)
T24H18.80Histone H3-like 4; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling (By similarity). (131 aa)
TSO1CRC domain-containing protein TSO1; Probable floral-specific cell division component, required for proper organ formation in flowers. Regulates the floral meristem cell division and the inflorescence meristem organization. Plays a role in development of both male and female reproductive tissues. Belongs to the lin-54 family. (695 aa)
SCRMTranscription factor ICE1; Transcriptional activator that regulates the cold-induced transcription of CBF/DREB1 genes. Binds specifically to the MYC recognition sites (5'-CANNTG-3') found in the CBF3/DREB1A promoter. Mediates stomatal differentiation in the epidermis probably by controlling successive roles of SPCH, MUTE, and FAMA. Functions as a dimer with SPCH during stomatal initiation. (494 aa)
F10A5.19Histone H3-like 3; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling (By similarity). (136 aa)
SCRM2Transcription factor SCREAM2; Mediates stomatal differentiation in the epidermis probably by controlling successive roles of SPCH, MUTE, and FAMA. Functions as a dimer with SPCH during stomatal initiation. (450 aa)
RBR1Retinoblastoma-related protein 1; Key regulator of entry into cell division. Acts as a transcription repressor of E2F target genes, whose activity is required for progress from the G1 to the S phase of the cell cycle. Hyperphosphorylation by CDKA-1 prevents the binding to E2F transcription factors, allowing G1 to S phase transition to operate. Forms a stable complex with E2FA that functions in maintaining cell proliferation through repression of cell differentiation. Plays a central role in the mechanism controlling meristem cell differentiation, cell fate establishment and cell fate m [...] (1013 aa)
OCT4Organic cation/carnitine transporter 4; High affinity carnitine transporter involved in the active cellular uptake of carnitine. Also transports organic cations (By similarity); Belongs to the major facilitator (TC 2.A.1) superfamily. Organic cation transporter (TC 2.A.1.19) family. (526 aa)
E2FDE2F transcription factor-like E2FD; Inhibitor of E2F-dependent regulation of gene expression. Binds specifically the E2 recognition site as a monomer without interacting with DP proteins. May be up-regulating E2FA and down- regulating repressors of cell cycle progression. Promotes cell proliferation and represses cell elongation. Regulated by proteolysis via a ubiquitin-proteasome pathway; Belongs to the E2F/DP family. (359 aa)
MGH3Histone H3-like 2; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling (By similarity). (137 aa)
T6J4.12Histone H3-like 1; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling (By similarity). (136 aa)
HDG6Homeobox-leucine zipper protein HDG6; Probable transcription factor involved in the regulation of time of flowering through the photoperiod flowering pathway. May repress FT. (686 aa)
E2FBTranscription factor E2FB; Transcription activator that binds DNA cooperatively with DP proteins through the E2 recognition site, 5'-TTTC[CG]CGC-3' found in the promoter region of a number of genes whose products are involved in cell cycle regulation or in DNA replication. The binding of retinoblastoma-related proteins represses transactivation. Involved in the control of cell-cycle progression from G1 to S phase and from G2 to M phase. Stimulates cell proliferation and delays differentiation. Represses cell enlargement and endoreduplication in auxin-free conditions. (469 aa)
E2FCTranscription factor E2FC; Involved in transcriptional repression. May act by repressing E2F-regulated genes in mature differentiated cells, but is not an antagonist of E2FA. Restricts cell division and is involved in the coordination between cell proliferation and endoreduplication during development. May play a role during the transition from skotomorphogenesis to photomorphogenesis. Regulated by phosphorylation- dependent proteolysis via the protein-ubiquitin ligase SCF(SKP2A) complex. Belongs to the E2F/DP family. (396 aa)
KU80ATP-dependent DNA helicase 2 subunit KU80; Single-stranded DNA-dependent ATP-dependent helicase. Involved in DNA non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) required for double- strand break repair. When associated with KU70, binds to double- stranded telomeric and non-telomeric DNA sequences, but not to single- stranded DNA. Plays a role in maintaining telomere length. Acts as a negative regulator of telomerase. Binds to and recombines double- stranded T-DNA molecules. Belongs to the ku80 family. (680 aa)
KU70ATP-dependent DNA helicase 2 subunit KU70; Single-stranded DNA-dependent ATP-dependent helicase. Involved in DNA non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) required for double- strand break repair. When associated with KU80, binds to double- stranded telomeric and non-telomeric DNA sequences, but not to single- stranded DNA. Plays a role in maintaining telomere length. Acts as a negative regulator of telomerase. Required for maintenance of the telomeric C-rich strand. Belongs to the ku70 family. (621 aa)
E2FATranscription factor E2FA; Transcription activator that binds DNA cooperatively with DP proteins through the E2 recognition site, 5'-TTTC[CG]CGC-3' found in the promoter region of a number of genes whose products are involved in cell cycle regulation or in DNA replication. The binding of retinoblastoma-related proteins represses transactivation. Regulates gene expression both positively and negatively. Activates the expression of E2FB. Involved in the control of cell-cycle progression from G1 to S phase. Stimulates cell proliferation and delays differentiation. Belongs to the E2F/DP family. (485 aa)
GL3Transcription factor GLABRA 3; Transcription activator, when associated with MYB75/PAP1, MYB90/PAP2 or TT2. Involved in epidermal cell fate specification. Regulates negatively stomata formation, but, in association with TTG1 and MYB0/GL1, promotes trichome formation, branching and endoreplication. Regulates also trichome cell wall maturation. Together with MYB66/WER, promotes the formation of non-hair cells in root epidermis cells in the N position. Whereas together with CPC, promotes the formation of hair cells in root epidermis cells in the H position by inhibiting non-hair cell form [...] (637 aa)
HTR11Histone H3-like 5; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling (By similarity). (139 aa)
BRG1BOI-related E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase 1; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase involved in regulation of abiotic stress responses. Not involved in ubiquitination of MYB108/BOS1. Has no effect on the stability of the DELLA proteins. (294 aa)
MYB3R4Transcription factor MYB3R-4; Transcription factor that binds 5'-AACGG-3' motifs in gene promoters. Involved in the regulation of cytokinesis, probably via the activation of several G2/M phase-specific genes transcription (e.g. KNOLLE). Required for the maintenance of diploidy. (961 aa)
VRN2Polycomb group protein VERNALIZATION 2; Polycomb group (PcG) protein. Plays a central role in vernalization by maintaining repressed the homeotic gene FLC, a floral repressor, after a cold treatment. PcG proteins act by forming multiprotein complexes, which are required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout development. PcG proteins are not required to initiate repression, but to maintain it during later stages of development. They probably act via the methylation of histones, rendering chromatin heritably changed in its expressibility. Associa [...] (440 aa)
ARF19Auxin response factor 19; Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Could act as transcriptional activator or repressor. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. Involved in ethylene responses. Regulates lateral root formation through direct regulation of LBD16 and/or LBD29. Functionally redundant with ARF7. (1086 aa)
AGL16Agamous-like MADS-box protein AGL16; Probable transcription factor involved in the regulation of flowering time in long-day photoperiod. Participates in the repression of FT expression and floral transition, by interacting closely with the FLC-SVP pathways. Functions in the satellite meristemoid lineage of stomatal development. (240 aa)
MSI1Histone-binding protein MSI1; Core histone-binding subunit that may target chromatin assembly factors, chromatin remodeling factors and histone deacetylases to their histone substrates in a manner that is regulated by nucleosomal DNA. Component of several complexes which regulate chromatin metabolism. These include the chromatin assembly factor 1 (CAF-1) complex, which is required for chromatin assembly following DNA replication and DNA repair, and the fertilization independent seed (FIS) complex, a polycomb group protein complex which is required to maintain the transcriptionally repr [...] (424 aa)
TIF3C1Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit C; Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is involved in protein synthesis of a specialized repertoire of mRNAs and, together with other initiation factors, stimulates binding of mRNA and methionyl-tRNAi to the 40S ribosome. The eIF-3 complex specifically targets and initiates translation of a subset of mRNAs involved in cell proliferation. (900 aa)
FIS2Polycomb group protein FERTILIZATION-INDEPENDENT SEED 2; Polycomb group (PcG) protein. PcG proteins act by forming multiprotein complexes, which are required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout development. PcG proteins are not required to initiate repression, but to maintain it during later stages of development. They probably act via the methylation of histones, rendering chromatin heritably changed in its expressibility. Required to prevent the proliferation of the central cell by repressing unknown target genes before fertilization. Regul [...] (755 aa)
CDKA-1Cyclin-dependent kinase A-1; Involved in the control of the cell cycle. Essential for both G1/S and G2/M (mitosis) phase transitions. Functions in cell morphogenesis as well as cell proliferation. Required for cell division (entry into mitosis) of the generative cell in male gametogenesis. Required to trigger guard mother cells (GMC) symmetric divisions at the late stage of stomatal development, probably via the regulation of G1 to S transition in the cell cycle. Required for the function of SPCH in entering the stomatal lineage. Promotes divisions in the guard cells (GCs) after the gu [...] (294 aa)
CDKB1-1Cyclin-dependent kinase B1-1; May control G2/M (mitosis) phase progression. Plays a role in regulating seedling growth in darkness via regulation of hypocotyl cell elongation and cotyledon cell development. Plays a role in stomatal development. Required to suppress endoreduplication. Together with CDKB1-2, promotes both the last division in the stomatal cell lineage as well as the number of stomata. In collaboration with MYB124 and MYB88, restrict the G1/S transition and chloroplast and nuclear number during stomatal formation, and normally maintain fate and developmental progression t [...] (309 aa)
TOP1ADNA topoisomerase 1 alpha; Releases the supercoiling and torsional tension of DNA introduced during the DNA replication and transcription by transiently cleaving and rejoining one strand of the DNA duplex. Introduces a single-strand break via transesterification at a target site in duplex DNA. The scissile phosphodiester is attacked by the catalytic tyrosine of the enzyme, resulting in the formation of a DNA-(3'-phosphotyrosyl)- enzyme intermediate and the expulsion of a 5'-OH DNA strand. The free DNA strand then rotates around the intact phosphodiester bond on the opposing strand, thu [...] (916 aa)
DMT1DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1; Maintains chromatin CpG methylation that plays a role in genomic imprinting, regulation of embryogenesis and seed viability. Required for proper patterns of CG DNA methylation in dividing cells. Required for MEA promoter methylation in seeds. (1534 aa)
CYCD1-1Cyclin-D1-1; May activate cell cycle in the root apical meristem (RAM) and promote embryonic root (radicle) protrusion. (339 aa)
CYCD2-1Cyclin-D2-1; Acts on the G1 phase of the cell cycle to control cell division rate in both shoot and root meristems. The complex formed with CDKA-1 phosphorylates plant retinoblastoma protein. (361 aa)
AP2Floral homeotic protein APETALA 2; Probable transcriptional activator that promotes early floral meristem identity. Is required subsequently for the transition of an inflorescence meristem into a floral meristem. Plays a central role in the specification of floral identity, particularly for the normal development of sepals and petals in the wild-type flower, by spatially controlling the expression domains of multiple floral organ identity genes. Acts as A class cadastral protein by repressing the C class floral homeotic gene AGAMOUS in association with other repressors like LEUNIG and [...] (432 aa)
HTR4Histone H3.3; Variant histone H3 which replaces conventional H3 in a wide range of nucleosomes in active genes. Constitutes the predominant form of histone H3 in non-dividing cells and is incorporated into chromatin independently of DNA synthesis. Deposited at sites of nucleosomal displacement throughout transcribed genes, suggesting that it represents an epigenetic imprint of transcriptionally active chromatin. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in [...] (136 aa)
HTR2Histone H3.2; Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. (136 aa)
Your Current Organism:
Arabidopsis thaliana
NCBI taxonomy Id: 3702
Other names: A. thaliana, Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh., mouse-ear cress, thale cress, thale-cress
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